NAME : TAN JIA YI

MATRIC NO. : A18GH0124

SBEU 1013 Fundamental of Survey and Mapping

Trilateration
In geometry, trilateration is a process using measurement of distance from geometry shape
to determine absolute or relative locations of point. This method is used in GPS system to determine
coordinate of a point. Periodic signal sent out is received by GPS receiver. Time of signal sent out
from satellite to GPS receiver, t is recorded. As the signal is transmitted in speed of light,c the precis
distance of the observed point can be calculated by using formula : distance= [(t x c)/2]. Once the 3
distance to the observed point is obtained. 3 spheres of radius (distance) given is plotted. The
intersection point show the actual position of the observed point by calculation.

Triangulation
In trigonometric and geometry, triangulation is method use to determine of a point using
triangle formed from unknown point using angle measurement. Basically, this method is used in
situation when the observing point is unreachable with cause difficulty in surveying. 2 sensor
observing point can be see clearly. By determining the angle between projection rays from the
sensor and basic, the intersection and position of the observing point can be calculated using
triangle relation ( cosine rule, sine rule Pythagoras’s theorem)
 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TRIANGULATION AND TRILATERATION

Triangulation Trilateration
All angles are measured in triangulation All sides are measured in trilateration

Distance of baseline is measured Azimuth of initial line is measured

Some check base lines are also measured Some check angles are measured to
to control scale error control azimuth error
Intervisibility between station is essential For small areas it is possible to measure
distance without intervisibility

There are more internal check in There are less internal check in
comparison with trilateration in same comparison with triangulation in same
geometric figure geometric figure
The side lengths are computed on the basic The angles are computed on the basic of
of measured angles applying sine law measured side lengths applying cosine law