1997

Alpha
Gen ColI
Introduction ............................................................... v
Stories, information, exercises:
Fastest man in the world .............................................. 1
Canada wins 22 medals at Summer Olympics .............. 1
Million dollar family ..................................................... 3
How do lottery winners spend their money? ................ 3
Bad year for Ontario farmers ........................................ 5
Agriculture in Ontario ................................ ~ ................. 5
Ontario Legislature to have 27 fewer MPPs .................. 7
New party leaders ....................................................... 7
Who is your MPP? ....................................................... 7
Levels of government .................................................. 9
CN Tower turns 20 .................................................... 11
Toronto: Tourist town ................................................ 11
Meeting place ........................................................... 1 1
Recipe for success ...................................................... 1 3
Immigrant entrepreneurs create jobs ......................... 13
Sweet Rosie's cookies ................................................. 15
Starting a business in Ontario .................................... 1 7
New penny cheaper to produce ................................ 19
Canadian history in your wallet .................................. 19
Minimum wage still $6.85 ......................................... 21
How much do they make? ......................................... 21
Employment Standards: Your rights at work ............... 23
Lucky man! ................................................................ 25
Workers' Compensation ......................................: ...... 25
Five-year-old phones 911 as mother gives birth ......... 27
What to do in an emergency ..................................... 27
Medical emergencies ................................................. 29
New police officers have diverse backgrounds ............ 31
First female police chief ............................................. 31
Police in Ontario ........................................................ 33
The police and your rights ......................................... 33
Children benefit when parents involved at school ...... 35
Ontario's school system ............................................. 35

Ontario Reader· 1997 l1li

 CONTENTS - continued

Libraries: Gateway to the information highway .......... 37

The Garlic King .......................................................... 39
The world of flavour .................................................. 39
Healthy eating ........................................................... 41
Tips for healthy eating ............................................... 41
Grocery shopping ...................................................... 43
Tips for reading food labels ........................................ 43
Food business: Best tofu in town ................................ 45
Tasty chili sauce ......................................................... 45
Popular patties .......................................................... 45
Changes to rent control ............................................. 47
Tenants' rights: Eviction ............................................. 47
Newcomer gets job of his dreams .............................. 49
10 ways to look for a job ........................................... 51
Life on the highway ................................................... 53
How much does it cost to drive a car? ....................... 55
One big happy family ................................................ 57
30 million Canadians ................................................. 59
Saying thanks to Canada ........................................... 61
Immigration plan - 1997 ......................................... 61
Racism fighters honoured .......................................... 63
The Ontario Human Rights Code ............................... 63
Hockey: Canada second in World Cup ....................... 65
National Hockey League ............................................ 65
History of hockey ....................................................... 65
Mushing on Main Street ............................................ 67
Canada best place in the world to live ....................... 69
Dates to remember - 1997 ...................................... 71
Multicultural holidays - 1997 ................................... 73
Canada quiz .............................................................. 75
Ontario quiz .............................................................. 77
Extra practice ........................................................... 79
Teacher's guide ........................................................ 85
Answer key ............................ _................................... 93
Order form ............................................................... 95

D Ontario Reader· 1997

 Fastest man in
the world
* Donovan Bailey is the "fastest man in
the world."
Bailey is a Canadian runner. He won
the 100-metre race at the 1996 Summer
Olympics. He set a new world record at
9.84 seconds.
Bailey, 28, lives in Oakville, Ontario.
He came to Canada from Jamaica in 1981.
After studying at Sheridan College, he
started a successful business.
Bailey didn't start running until 1991.
Today, he is the best in the world.

WOW! Donovan Bailey is very happy after ~

winning the gold medal in the 100 metres.

Canada wins 22 medals at Summer Olympics

* The 1996 Summer Olympic Games were
in Atlanta, Georgia. Athletes from 197
countries competed in 271 different sports.
Canada did very well at the Games.
Canada won 22 medals and was 11 th in
the world. The United States was first.
Germany was second and Russia third.
About 3.5 billion people watched the
Games on television.
The next Summer Olympics will be in
Sydney, Australia, in 2000. The Winter
Olympics will be in Nagano, Japan, in 1998.

Gold: 3 Silver: 11 Bronze: 8

GOLD: Canadians Kathleen Heddle (left) and
Marnie McBean won a gold medal in rowing. TOTAL: 22
 B CHECK THE FACTS
Each sentence has one word or fact that is not correct. C. Find the words on
Find the mistake and correct it. Check your answers in page 1 that mean the
the stories on page 1. opposite of the words
Orrtario below. Then write the
1. Donovan Bailey lives in Oakville, ~. words in the blank.
Words that have opposite
2. He came to Canada in 1991. meanings are called
"antonyms." (Answers: p. 93.)
3. Bailey won a silver medal at the Summer Olympics.
1. slowest fastest
4. He ran in the SO-metre race.
2. worst
S. He set a new world record at 9.84 minutes.
3. last
6. Canada won 22 medals at the 1996 Winter Olympics. 4. old
7. The United States won the most medals. Russia was second. S. unhappy _ _ __

8. About 3.5 million people watched the Games on television. 6. unsuccessful _ __

9. The next Summer Olympics will be in Japan. 7. finish

8. lost
9. before
D PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE
Write the correct form of the verb be in the blank. D. Some words add un
Check your answers on page 93. to make a word with an
is are was were will be opposite meaning. For
example: happy - unhappy.
1. Donovan Bailey _ _is,--_ a Canadian runner. The words below are more
examples. Write the
2. He _ _ _ _ the best in the world. opposite of these words.
3. He _ _ _ _ very happy when he won a gold medal. 1. safe unsafe

4. The 1996 Summer Games in the United States. 2. successful

S. The next Summer Olympic Games in Australia. 3. pleasant

4. comfortable _ __
6. The Olympics _ _ _ _ every four years.
S. important _ _ __
7. I don't think Bailey _ _ _ at the next Olympics. Do you?
6. interesting
8. Athletes from 197 countries ____ at the 1996 Games.
7. believable _ _ __
9. Canada _ _ _ _ 11 th in the world.
II Ontario Reader· 7997
 \

Million dollar family

** Orlando Denuzzo is a
generous man.
Denuzzo won $5 million
in Lotto 6/49. Then he gave
each of his four children a
million dollars.
Denuzzo, 68, is a retired
crane operator. He came to
Canada from Italy in 1952.
When he heard his winning
number on TV, he dropped
to his knees and thanked
God. Then he told his family
the joyful news.
His wife, Jacqueline,
couldn't believe it. She used
to complain about the money
her husband "wasted" on
lottery tickets.
Youngest son, Marc, 24,
said, "I thought he was
K. f'III:<lIt/flmmto St",
joking."
FAMILY CELEBRATION: The Denuzzo family pick up their
Oldest son, Rocky, 39, plans
to buy a house and a car. $5 million cheque. Clockwise from left: Carlo, Jacqueline,
The twins, Isabelle and Rocky, Marc, Orlando, future son-in-law Chris Chin, Isabelle.
Carlo, 34, aren't sure what to
do with the money. They are
going to take a vacation and
think about it. How do lottery winners spend their money?
Mom and dad know
exactly what they want. ** What would you do if you won the lottery?
They are going to move out Here is how lottery winners in Ontario spent their money.
of their apartment and buy
a house. They also want a 93% put money in 44% took a vacation
dining table "big enough for the bank
the whole family to sit down 37 % paid off mortgage
together for E:hristmas.1/ 71 % shared winnings
A,/apted WW, pt'nnisliun - TOTOlJto Star Syndkate
with someone who 29% bought a house
was not a partner
DID YOU KNOW? in buying the 2 7% paid for education
winning ticket for self or family
The chances of winning a
prize in Lotto 6/49 are slim.
56% bought a car 15% paid debts
Here are the odds:
• Jackpot: 14 million to 1 51 % donated to charity 2% bought a boat
• 2nd prize: 2.3 million to 1
• 3rd prize: 55,000 to 1 I)OURCE: (hIlarIO Luttery Corporliliml

Ontario Reader. 7997 EI

 mTRUE OR FALSE?
Read these sentences. Write T (true) or F (false) in the blank. o. Irregular verbs
Check your answers in the stories on page 93.
Orlando buys a lottery
1. F Orlando Denuzzo gave $4 million to his children. ticket every week. (present)
2. Denuzzo is retired. Orlando bought a lottery
3. He is an immigrant from Italy. ticket last week. (past)
4. Denuzzo read his winning number in the newspaper. vVrite the past tense of
s. Denuzzo's youngest son thought he was joking. these verbs. Check your
6. His oldest son plans to buy a boat. answers in the stories on
page 3.
7. The twins aren't sure what to do with the money.
give gave
8. 51% of lottery winners donated money to charity.
come
9. The chances of winning the 6/49 jackpot are good.
hear
III FINISH THE SENTENCES tell
Check your answers in the story "Million dollar family." think
take
1. The Denuzzos are going to move out of their apartment
pay
2. They are going a house. win
3. They also want to buy _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ spend

4. Rocky plans to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ' E. Regular verbs

Some verbs form the past
s. The twins don't know what to tense by adding ed. They
------------------ are called" regular" verbs:
6. They are going to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ I want a new car. (present)
I wanted a new car last
7. Jacqueline used to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ year. (past)
Write the past tense of
ri WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO? these regular verbs in the
correct blank. (Answers: p 93)
Imagine that you have just won $5 million. A friend asks
donate, move, pick, thank
you, "What are you going to do with all that money?"
Write your answer below. 1. Orlando - - - - - - - - -
God for the good luck.
"Well, first I'm going to _______________________ 2. He up
his cheque.
Then I plan to ______________________________ 3. He out
of his apartment.
I also want to - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4. He some
money to charity.
And, maybe I will _____________________________ '/

II Ontario Reader· 7997

 Bad year for Ontario farmers

* The spring of
1996 was cold
and wet. Planting
started late. Crops
grew slowly. Many
farmers in Ontario
were worried. They
needed warm
temperatures and
/. Wilk<'s/fuTUllluSI", lots of sunshine.
The onion crop is three weeks late on this farm in the Holland Marsh area.

** Too cold. Too wet. Not enough sunshine.
That's what Ontario farmers remember about
the spring of 1996.
Planting started late because the ground
was too cold. Then the rain and cloudy skies
slowed the growth of the plants.
By mid-June most vegetables were several
weeks late. Some corn and wheat growers had
to re-seed their fields. Others ploughed their
fields and started over with fast-growing soya
beans (also called soybeans).
The weather didn't get better in July.
The average temperature was below normal.
And the rainfall from April to July was 449
millimetres - the highest since 1840.
The wet weather also brought diseases
to potatoes, beans and other crops.
August brought sunshine and warm
temperatures. That helped a lot. But farmers
were still nervous. Because of the cold
spring, harvest time was delayed until late
September for many crops. Farmers were
in a race for time against the first frost.
An early frost could destroy their crops.
In September, the frost didn't come early,
but there was a lot of rain.
All in all, it was not a good year for many
On tari 0 farmers. .1.1"1'/<'.1 lI'itl'l'<rIlli.l.\ioll - 7imllll" .11'" S),lIdk"le

Agriculture in Ontario Top crops and livestock in Ontario as a percentage of total Canadian output

** Ontario's 68,000 farms
are very important to the
province's economy. They
generate about $50 billion
in economic activity and
600,000 jobs.
1. soybeans .................. 89%
2. corn ......................... 67 %
3. nursery plants ......... 47%
4. vegetables ................ 46%
5. tobacco .................... 90(}b
1. dairy products ..... 34(Vo
2. cattle ................... 18(~6
3. hogs ..................... 26%
4. chickens .............. 33%
5. eggs ..................... 36%

(),.,t-rrr;", Dn"rI"r _ 1 007 I11..=III

 E'I YES OR NO? mWET WEATHER
Answer these questions about the stories on page 5. Write the correct verb in
Write yes or no in the blank. (Answers: page 93) the blank. Check your
No answers on page S.
1. Was the spring of 1996 good for farmers?
The spring of 1996
2. Did planting start late? _ __
- - - - - cold and
3. Did some farmers re-seed their fields in June? _ __
wet. Planting _ _ __
4. Was the average temperature above normal in July? _ _
late. Crops _ _ _ __
5. Was July a dry month? _ __
slowly. Many farmers in
6. Did the weather get better in August? _ __ Ontario _ _ _ __
7. Were farmers worried about an early frost? _ __ worried. They _ _ __
8. Was the harvest earlier than usual? _ __ warm temperatures and
9. Is agriculture important to Ontario's economy? _ __ lots of sunshine.

mCROSSWORD
Most of the words are from page 5.
ACROSS
5. opposite of begin
7. chickens lay them
9. It's going -- rain tomorrow.
10. all right
11. bright
12. you and I
13. ahead of time
15. positive answer
18. season after winter
19. opposite of slow
20. It grows into a plant.

DOWN
1. opposite of dry 8. plural of sky
2. overcast 14. opposite of first
3. soya ----- 16. hogs
4. It rained two days ---. 17. Turn --- the light.
6. usual (Answers: page 93)
II Ontario Reader· 7997
 Ontario legislature to have
27 fewer MPPs
*** Premier Mike Harris is going to
"downsize" the Ontario Legislature. A new
law will reduce the number of Members of
Provincial Parliament (MPPs) from 130
today, to 103 after the next election.
The Premier promised to do this in the
last election campaign. He said it would save
about $11 million a year.
The government will change the
boundaries of the provincial electoral
districts (ridings). The new ridings will be
the same as the federal ridings. Each MPP
will serve about 100,000 people.
The change will shift some political power
away from Northern Ontario and Metro
Toronto to suburban Toronto areas. Based
on the results of the last election, the
Progressive Conservative government will
benefit from this change.

New party leaders

Dalton McGuinty, 41, is the new leader
of the Ontario Liberal Party. The Liberals
elected him in December, 1996.
The New Democratic Party (NDP) also
G.Zuem
chose a new leader. Howard Hampton, 44,
became the NDP leader last summer. PROTEST: Thousands of people
Premier Mike Harris, 51, is the leader demonstrated at Queen's Park in
of the Progressive Conservative (PC) Party. Toronto on October 26, 1996. They
His party won a majority in the last election were protesting against government
in June, 1995. The PCs won 82 seats. The spending cuts.
Liberals won 30 seats and the NDP won 17.

WHO IS YOUR MPP?

Do you know the name of your Member of Provincial Parliament?
You can find out by calling Elections Ontario. In Metropolitan Toronto,
call (416) 321-3000. Outside of Metro, call1-800-668-2727.
Local MPPs are also listed in the blue pages of the telephone book. Look in
the Government of Ontario section under "Members of Provincial Parliament."
MPPs are elected to help the people they represent. Write or call your MPP
if you want action from the government or attention for a special concern.

nntnrin Rpnnpr. 7997 n

a WHAT'S THE ANSWER
Answer these questions. Check your answers on page 7.

1. How many MPPs are in the Ontario Legislature? ___1 _ 3 _ 0 _ - - - - - - - - -

2. How many will there be after the next election?

3. How much money does the Premier say he can save? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

4. How many people will each MPP serve?

S. How old is the Premier of Ontario?

6. Who is the leader of the Ontario Liberal Party? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

7. When was the last Ontario election?

8. How many seats did the NDP win in the last election?
9. Where did people people demonstrate on October 26, 1996? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

10. What were people demonstrating against?

mRESEARCH
Answer these questions. If you don't know the answer, call Elections Ontario.
1. Who is your local Member of Parliament?
2. What political party does your MPP belong to?

3. What riding do you live in?

[I COMPLETE THE CHART

Fill in the chart with information about the three main political parties in Ontario.
Check your answers on page 7.

Political party Number of seats Party leader Age of leader

Progressive Conservative
 There are three levels of government in Canada: federal, provincial and municipal.
Prime Minister Jean Chretien
** The federal government
is the government of Canada.
The leader of the federal
government is Prime Minister
Jean Chretien. He is also the
leader of the Liberal Party.
Queen Elizabeth II is
Canada's Head of State. Her
representative in Canada is
the Governor General. His
name is Romeo LeBlanc.
The elected representatives .
are called Members of . Ontario is Hilary Weston.
Parliament (MPs). They meet
in the House of Commons
in Ottawa.
In general, the federal
government is responsible
for things that affect all of
Canada. Some federal
responsibilit~es are national
defence, foreign policy and
immigration.
Federal government offices:
are listed in the blue pages
of the telephone book.
For information and
referral to federal
government programs, call:
1-800-667-3355.
I
PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL
Premier Mike Harris Mayor of Toronto, Barbara Hall
** Canada has 10 provinces ** Cities and towns are
and two territories. Each has called municipalities. In
its own government. Ontario, there are more than
The leader of Ontario's 800 municipalities.
government is Premier Mike Many municipalities have
Harris. He is also the leader their own local government.
of the Ontario ProgreSSive : The leader of the municipal
Conservative Party. . government is the mayor.
The Queen's representative The elected representatives
in the provinces is the are members of the municipal
Lieutenant-Governor. The council. They are usually
Lieutenant-Governor of called councillors. They meet
at city hall.
The elected representatives In Metropolitan Toronto
are called Members of Prov- there are six municipalities:
incial Parliament. They meet Toronto, Scarborough, York,
in the Ontario Legislature at North York, Etobicoke, and
Queen's Park, Toronto. East York. They share some
Some of the responsibilities services such as police and
of the Ontario government ambulance. The Ontario
are health, transportation, government is going to join
education, housing and these six municipalities into
social services. one big city called Toronto.
For information and Some responsibilities of
referral to provincial municipal governments are:
government programs call garbage collection, water,
the Citizen's Inquiry Bureau police, fire department, parks
at (416) 326-1234 in Metro and recreation. Municipal
Toronto, or 1-800-268-7095 departments are listed in the
from outside Metro Toronto. blue pages of the phone book.
Ontario Reader· 1997 II
 RRAcrICEeACE£ '

mTRUE OR FALSE? mMATCH THE WORDS

Read these sentences. Write T (true) or Match the words on the left with the words
F (false) in the blank. (Answers: page 93) on the right. (Answers: page 93)
1. _ _ Canada has nine provinces. 1. Metropolitan LeBlanc
2. There are more than 800 2. Governor book
municipalities in Ontario.
3. _ _ Many municipalities have their 3. Member of hall
own local government. 4. House of Toronto
4. _ _ Queen Elizabeth is Canada's Prime
S. Romeo collection
Minister.
S. _ _ Jean Chretien is the leader of the 6. Liberal Party
Progressive Conservative Party. 7. Premier Parliament
6. _ _ Metro Toronto is going to become
one big city. 8. Queen's government
7. The House of Commons is in 9. city General
Toronto.
10. municipal Harris
8. _ _ Health is a provincial responsibility.
11. telephone Park
9. _ _ Immigration is a provincial
responsibility. 12. garbage Commons

[!1 CATEGORIES
Put these words in the correct category. (Answers: page 93)
Lielltellallt-Govemor Romeo LeBlanc Hilary Westall Prime Minister Pari iament
House of Commons legislature city hall Queen's Park cOllncil/or
Governor General MPP MP Jean Chretien Mike Harris
local government mayor Premier Metro Toronto cities and towns
fire department

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT

Lieutenant-Governor

1m Ontario Reader· 1997

 Recipe for success
** Bhushan Kumar Sethi has
a recipe for economic success
in Canada:
• know your market
• work hard
• think like an immigrant.
Mr. Sethi came to Canada
from India in 1972. For 10
years, he worked for a
tobacco company as a
product manager. During this
time, many new immigrants
came to Canada from the
Caribbean, Latin America
and South Asia.
Mr. Sethi saw the beginning
of a new market for ethnic
food products. He quit his
job and started a company
to wholesale and distribute
ethnic foods. He and his
wife, Usha, worked from the
basement of their home in
Scarborough. Fretl LIIII/ir,," lilube "",I M"iI
Business: Sells 850 ethnic food
Today, Mr. Sethi distributes B.K. Sethi and his wife,
about 850 food products to products to stores across Canada.
Usha, daughter, Pritee, and
stores across Canada. He has son, Deepak. They all work Owner: B.K. Sethi and family.
more than $5 million in in the family business. Sales: $5 million a year.
annual sales and employs Location: Scarborough, Ontario.
26 people.
Mr. Sethi says, "A new person in a country can see the Number of employees: 26.
opportunities here faster than a native-born Canadian."
A,/al'lt'd with perm;.\sioll (rom TIlt' (i/o/)(' alld Mail

Immigrant entrepreneurs create jobs

*** Immigrant entrepreneurs like Mr.
Sethi are very important to the Canadian
economy. Their businesses create jobs.
Statistics Canada says that the majority
of new jobs are created by small businesses.
And about half of all full-time jobs in
Canada are with small companies. (The
definition of "small business" is a company
that has fewer than 100 employees.)
First- and second-generation immigrants
are the most economically dynamic group
in Canada. They are more likely to start
new businesses than other Canadians.
For example, in Toronto nearly 60% of all
self-employed people are of ethnic-
minority origin (non-British or non-
French origin).
Some people complain that immigrants
take jobs away from Canadians. But in
fact, many immigrants create jobs.

Ontario Reader. 7997 m

 B YES OR NO? III DEFINITIONS
Write the correct word in the blank. Then answer the Match these words with
questions about the stories on page 13. (Answers: p. 93) the correct definitions.
(Answers: page 93)
Do Does Did
1. Did
--=:.....:.=:::!.-_ Mr. Sethi come to Canada from India? Yes 4 retail
2. _ _ _ he work for a food company for 10 years? _ __ wholesale
3. _ _ _ Mr. Sethi start his own business? _ __ majority
4. _ _ _ his wife work in the business with him? _ __ an11llal
5. _ _ _ his children work with him, too? _ __ . entrepreneur
6. _ _ _ he have 126 employees? _ __ dynamic
7. _ _ _ many immigrants come to Canada after 1972? __ create
8. _ _ _ Mr. Sethi see the start of a new market? _ __ likely
9. _ _ _ immigrant entrepreneurs create jobs? _ __ full-time job
self-ernployed

1m SUCCESS 1. Person who starts

and runs a business
1. What's Mr. Sethi's recipe for economic success in Canada?
2. Every year

3. Selling products to
2. What's your recipe for success in life? stores or other
businesses

4. Selling products
directly to the
consumer
[!t COMPLETE THE CHART (Answers: p. 13)
5. Probably
B. K. Sethi Marketing Ltd.
6. Make, build
Owner Bhushan Kumar Sethi
Location 7. Job that is for at least
35 hours a week
Type of business
Number of products 8. Energetic, active

Number of employees 9. Working for yourself

Annual sales
10. Most, more than 5091)
Year business started

III Ontario Reader· 1997


Rosie Gumieniak and son, Robert.
SWEET ROSIE'S COOKIES
*** Rosie Gumieniak came to Canada
from Poland in 1976. She had no money
and spoke no English.
Today, she has a chain of 1S bakeries and
cafes called Sweet Rosie's Cookies.
When Gumieniak arrived in Canada, a
government employment counsellor told
her to take a 10-month baking course. The
counsellor thought she wouldn't need
English for that.
"You're not going to talk to the bread,"
he told her.
Gumieniak took the course and graduated.
But she couldn't find a job. She applied at
bakeries, stores and many other places.
"But no one was hiring," she said.
Gumieniak also knew she couldn't work for
anyone. So she decided to use her knowledge
from the baking course to start her own
business. She borrowed $6,000 from a friend,
and opened a small cookie store in downtown
Toronto. At first, she worked very long hours
and made little money. She worked alone for
* Rosie Gumieniak is
from Poland. She came
to Canada in 1976.
She had no money
and spoke no English.
Gumieniak couldn't
find a job. So she
borrowed $6,000 from
a friend and opened a
cookie store. She
worked very hard for
four years. Then
her business began to
grow. Now, she and her
son have a chain of 15
stores. They are called
Sweet Rosie's Cookies.
three years, baking, serving and cleaning.
Her son, Robert, helped when he could.
"It was four years before I took money
out of the business," she said.
She also never forgot the advice that
someone had given her: "Build a business
slowly, and you will survive."
In 1979, she opened a second store. Her
son also joined the business full-time.
Coffee and cake stores were getting
popular at that time. And Gumieniak's
business started to take off.
"On Valentine's Day, we'd make heart-
shaped cookies, and we'd sell them for $S
or $6 each. Suddenly, we had money to
pay our bank loans."
The Gumieniaks still own their first two
stores. They also have 13 franchises. And
they hope to add three to five stores a year
to their chain.
Adapted witll 1'{'ml;s.\;OI1 - Toronto St"r Sl'l1dicatt'
Adaptatilll/~':> QflCt'f1'S ['rinlt'r
Illr Olltario, IlJ93. Rl'l'wdll(('d I\';lli !'('mm.';"",
____ I!WS
 E1 PUT IT IN ORDER
Read these sentences
about Rosie Gumieniak.
Then put them in the
correct order. (Answers: p.lS)
Her son joined the
D business full-time.
D She spoke to an
employment
counsellor.
D She opened a cookie
store.
She and her son
D started a chain of
franchise stores.
D She took a baking
course.
QJ Rosie Gumieniak came
to Canada in 1976.
D She borrowed $6,000
.from a friend.
D In 1979, she opened
a second store.
III HE TOLD HER TO ...
The counsellor told Rosie to take a baking course.
... told (someone) to (verb) ...
Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: page 93)
you me employees eat read work
1. The doctor told me to go to bed.
2. The teacher told us to _ _ _ _ the story.
3. My boss told all the _ _ _ _ to on Saturday.
4. I told my son to his dinner.
S. I told to stop bothering me.
mCAN & COULD
can } present tense (time)
can't
could } past tense (time)
couldn't
can't = cannot couldn't = could not
Write the correct form of can in tile blank. (Answers: p. 93)
call can't could couldn't
1. When Rosie Gumieniak came to Canada, she couldn't
speak English.
2. Today, she _ _ _ _ speak English very well.

D She worked long

hours.
3. In 1976, she find a job, so she started a business.
4. Now, Gumieniak hire other people.
D Her business started S. She _ _ _ _ take time off, because she is very busy.
to take off.
6. Gumieniak's son, Robert, helped in the store when he
D She graduated from
the course. 7. At first, Robert _ _ _ _ only work part-time.
8. Now, he work in the store full-time.
D They hope to add
three to five stores
every year. Now write about yourself.
D She
job.
couldn't find a I could _ _ _ _ when I was young, but now I can't.

I couldn't _ _ _ _ when I came to Canada, but now I can.

1m Ontario Reader· 7997
 STARTING A BUSINESS IN ONTARIO
*** The success of a new business depends
on many factors. Some of the most important
ones are careful planning, enough financing,
knowledge of your customers, experience
and hard work.
Here is some information about starting
, a business in Ontario.
REGISTERING A BUSINESS NAME
A business that is owned by one person is
called a "proprietorship." You do not have
to register a proprietorship if it is in your own
name, e.g., John Lee. But you must register if
you use another name or add other words,
e.g., John Lee Foods.
You register a business name with the
Companies Branch of the Ontario Ministry
of Consumer and Commercial Relations
(MCCR). The fee is $60. For information
on how to register, call 1-800-361-3223.
In Metro Toronto call (416) 314-8880.
You can also get information on how to
do a business name search. This will tell you
if someone has already registered the name
you want to use.
LICENCES, REGULATIONS
Depending on the type of business, you
may need special licences or permits. You
get these from the municipal, provincial or
federal government. Here are some examples.
• Municipal - licence to operate a restaurant,
variety store or renovation business.
• Provincial - licence for a hotel or business
that serves alcohol (liquor licence).
• Federal -'licence for an importing business.
There are also many different laws and
regulations about running a business.
Unfortunately, information about regulations
and licences is not available from one place.
You have to contact different organizations
depending on the kind of business you want
to start. Here are some contacts:
• Municipal licences: Call the licensing
commission of your municipality. It is listed
in the blue pages of the phone book under
the name of your municipality, "Licensing
Commission." In Toronto call 392-3082.
• Provincial licences: Ministry of Consumer
and Commercial Relations, call toll-free
1-800-268-1142. In Metro Toronto call
(416) 326-8555.
TAXES
The taxes you pay depend on the kind of
business you are in. Here are some examples.
• Retail Sales Tax: This is a provincial tax (8%)
on many products and services. Businesses
that sell taxable goods and services must get
a vendor permit. They have to collect the tax
and send it to the provincial government.
Contact a Retail Sales Tax Office to get a
permit or more information. The offices are
listed in the blue pages of the phone book
under "Government of Ontario, Finance-
Ministry of, Retail Sales Tax District Office."
• Goods and Services Tax (GST): This is a
federal tax (7%) on most goods and services.
If your business sells more than $30,000 of
taxable goods and services a year, you must
register under the GST. For more information
call a GST Information Office. They are listed
in the blue pages under "Government of
Canada, Revenue Canada, Tax Services."
WHERE TO GET HELP AND INFORMATION
Canada-Ontario Business Service Centre:
Free information about starting and running
a business. Call 1-800-567-2345.
In Metro Toronto call (416) 954-4636.
Business Self-Help Offices:
There are 32 offices across Ontario. You can
get advice about regulations, licences,
permits, financing and many other business
topics. This service is free. For the address
and phone number of the Business Self-Help
Office nearest you, call the Canada-Ontario
Business Service Centre.
 B WHAT'S THE ANSWER?
Answer these questions. Check your answers on page 17.
l. What are some important factors in the success of a new business?

2. What is a proprietorship?

3. How much does it cost to register a business name?

4. What level of government is responsible for liquor licences?

5. What businesses have to get a vendor permit?

6. What businesses must register under the GST?

7. What section of the telephone book lists the numbers for government offices?

8. How much does it cost for information from the Business Self-Help Offices?

mWHO DO YOU CONTACT? (Answers: p. 17)

Match the items on the left to the correct government office or level of government.
l. To get a liquor licence Business Self-Help Office
2. To register a business name Ontario Ministry of Finance
3. To register a business under the GST Provincial government

4. For information about starting a business Municipal government

S. For a vendor permit Federal government
6. For a licence to operate a restaurant Companies Branch, MCCR

7. To get an importing licence Revenue Canada

1m Ontario Reader· 7997
 New penny cheaper to produce
** Canada now has a
cheaper one-cent coin. And
it's partly made in the U.S.A.
The Canadian penny used
to cost 1.4 cents to produce.
But in July, 1996, the Royal
Canadian Mint changed the
metal composition of the coin.
The Mint also started to use
two American companies in
the production of the coin.
This brought down the cost
to .9 cents.
The old penny was made
of bronze (an alloy of copper
and tin). The new one is
made of copper-plated zinc.
By using less copper, the Mint
Canadian history
in your wallet
Sir Wilfred Laurier is on
the $S-bill. He was Prime
Minister of Canada from
1898-1911. Born in
Quebec, he was Canada's
first French Canadian
Prime Minister. He worked
hard for unity between the
English and French in
Canada.
will save $3.4 million a year.
The new coin is the same
colour, size and weight as
the old one. But it does not
have the 12 edges that are
on the old coin.
Canadians use the penny
more than any other coin.
In 1994, the Mint produced
600 million one-cent coins.
The Mint plans to change
the metal composition of all
G.ZlIt'm
the coins. It will change the
nickel (Sit), dime (101t), MORE THAN THEY WERE
quarter (2SIt) and SO-cent WORTH: A Canadian penny
coin in 1997. The loonie used to cost 1 .4 cents to
($1) and twoonie ($2) will make. Now a new penny
change in 1998. costs.9 cents to produce.
** Have YOIl ever thought about the faces all the dollar bills?
Pull out YOllr wallet and let's look at some Canadiall history.
William Lyon Mackenzie
King is on the $SO-bill. He
was Prime Minister of
Canada for almost 22 years.
Born in Kitchener, Ontario,
King first became Prime
Minister in 1921. In the
1940s, he introduced
unemployment insurance
and family allowances.
Sir John A. Macdonald
is on the $10-bill. He was the
first Prime Minister of
Canada, 1867-73 and 1878-91.
He is called the "Father of
Confederation." He helped to
unite Quebec, Ontario, Nova
Scotia and New Brunswick.
The four provinces formed
the new country of Canada
on July 1, 1867.
Ontario Reader· 7997 lEI
 PRACTICE PACE:

mYES OR NO? &I COINS

Answer these questions about the stories on page 19. There are interesting
Write yes or no in the blank. (Answers: page 93) symbols on Canadian
coins. Look at the coins
1. The new penny costs 1.4 cents to produce. _ __ in your wallet or pocket.
2. The new penny is the same size as the old one. _ __ Then match these symbols
with the coins below.
3. The new penny has more copper in it. _ _ (Answers: p. 93)
4. The Mint will save $3.4 million a year. _ __ Bluenose schooner
3
S. The Mint produced 600,000 pennies in 1994. _ _ Polar bear
6. The metal composition of all the coins will change. _ _ ____ Maple leaf
Loon
7. Sir Wilfred Laurier was French Canadian. _ __
Beaver
8. Mackenzie King was the "Father of Confederation." _ _
Caribou
9. Canada became a country on July 1,1867. _ _
1. I-cent coin
2. S-cent coin
III WHAT'S THE QUESTION? 3. 10-cent coin
Write a question for the underlined answers. (Answers: p. 93) 4. 2S-cent coin
S. $1 coin
1. How much did the old penny cost to produce'? $2 coin
6.
It cost 1.4 cents to produce.

2. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Now, it costs .9 cents to produce.
mSYNONYMS
Words that have the same
3. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ meaning are called
The old penny was made of bronze. "synonyms." Look at the
stories on page 19. Find
4. _____________________________ synonyms for the words
The Mint produced 600 million pennies in 1994. below. (Answers: p. 93)

S. _______________________ inexpensive ___c_h_e_.sI-,-p_

The Mint will change the twoonie in 1998. make
began
6. ~--~---------------------------------
He was born in Kitchener. Ontario. assisted
nearly
7. ~-------------------------
Sir lohn A. Macdonald was Canada's first Prime Minister. nation
8. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ one-cent coin
Canada became a country on luly 1. 1867.
 Minimum wage still $6.85
** Ontario's general minimum wage has
not changed since January, 1995. The rate
is still $6.85 an hour.
The minimum wage in Ontario is the third
highest in Canada. British Columbia is first
at $ 7.00 per hour. The Yukon is second at
$6.86. Alberta and Newfoundland have the
lowest rate in the country at $5.00 an hour.
The minimum wage is protected by law.
The Employment Standards Act does not
permit employers to pay less than the
minimum wage to adult workers.

More people working for less

About 420,000 workers make the
minimum wage in Ontario. That's about
40% more than five years ago. And no one
knows how many workers make less than the
minimum wage.
More and more people are working harder
for less money.
"I clean offices at night," said Glenna $6.85 AN HOUR: About 420,000 workers
Piccininni, 54, of North York. "Before they make the minimum wage in Ontario.
paid me minimum wage and paid for my
supplies and my TIC (transportation). Now
they say I get no raise. They cut my hours
back, and I've got to pay for the supplies HOW MUCH DO THEY MAKE?
and the bus."
Piccininni's boss said it's not his fault. * Here are the average yearly salaries of
III lost a couple of contracts this year ... I've some occupations in Canada.
got more competition, and I've had to lower
prices and cut costs." CEO* Bank of Montreal ....... $1,900,000**
Many workers are feeling the same Prime Minister of Canada ..... $157,600
pressure as Piccininni.
Mei 10k, 41, is a homeworker. She Doctor .................................. $124,500
assembles ciothing in the basement of her Lawyer ................................... $91,200
home in Toronto. She gets paid by the piece. Chartered accountant ............. $68,000
In the last few years, the rates have dropped
by 25%. 10k, a mother of two, makes from Autoworker ............................ $52,700
$5 to $6 an hour. Nurse ..................................... $38,000
The number of temporary workers has Truck driver ............................ $29,850
also increased. There are about 25 0/b more Librarian ................................. $21,500
temporary workers today than in 1991.
Gas station attendant ............. $13,400
Adllprcd \\';tl1 f't'mtiss;ol/ - Ttmmlu Sllir ~)'''''k''tt'
.. ChhI EXt'(lIth'(' Officer ** Sci/at)', bOllllSt'~ ,IIId .\lock O/lt;(I//,\, 19Q.J

Ontario Reader· 7997 III

B FACTS AND FIGURES mSAME MEANING
Write the correct information in the blank. Check your Match these words with
answers on page 21. the words in italics in
1. The minimum wage in Ontario is $6.85 an hour. the sentences below.
(Answers: page 93)
2. It has not changed since January, _ _ _ __
3. It is the highest in Canada.
--±- I've got to
cut back
4. The minimum wage in B.C. is an hour.
no one
S. About workers make minimum wages in Ontario.
a raise
6. That's about more than five years ago. __ makes (money)
7. The Prime Minister's salary is ______ a year. __ permit
assembles
1m COMPARISONS _ dropped
increased
Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: p. 93)
highest lowest less more same harder 1. Mei 10k puts together
1. A doctor makes _--=...::.m..:..:o:....:.r....:::e~_ than a lawyer. clothing in the basement
of her Toronto home.
2. A librarian makes than a truck driver.
2. The law does not allow
3. Alberta has the minimum wage in Canada. employers to pay less than
4. Yukon's minimum wage is the second _ _ _ __ the minimum wage.
S. People are working for less money. 3. The number of
temporary workers has
6. Many workers are feeling the _ _ _ _ _ pressure as
galle lip.
Glenna Piccininni.
4. I have to pay for the
supplies and the bus.
mWHOSE FAULT IS IT?
..................... . .......
S. The employer reduced
I ~ Piccininni's hours.
"Piccininni's boss said it's not his fault."
6. Piccininni did not get
more rnoney.
Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: page 93)
my YOllr his her our their 7. The rate for home-
1. Don't blame Piccininni's boss. It's not his fault. workers has gone down.
2. Don't blame Glenna. It's not fault. 8. Nobody knows how
3. Don't blame me. It's not fault. many workers make less
than the minimum wage.
4. Don't blame yourself. It's not fault.
9. The average nurse
S. Don't blame the children. It's not fault. earns $38,000 a year.
6. Don't blame us. It's not fault.
m Ontario Reader· 7997
IUJiQ!.S'NiUliit+UitXi;jttj Your rights at work
*** Ontario has laws to protect workers.
One of the laws is the Employment Standards
Act. It sets the legal minimum standards for
wages, overtime, hours of work, vacation
and other working conditions.
Here is some information about
employment standards in Ontario.
When do I get overtime pay?
Overtime pay does not begin after you
work more than eight hours a day. It starts
after you work more than 44 hours a week.
The overtime rate is "time and a half." For
example, if your regular wage is $10 an
hour, your overtime rate is $15 an hour.
What breaks do I get?
You must get at least 30 minutes for a
meal break after every five hours of work.
Your employer does not have to pay for this
time. The employer does not have to give
coffee breaks.
Can an employer pay women less than men?
If a man and a woman are doing
substantially the same work, the employer
must pay them the same wage. This is called
"equal pay for equal work."
Do I get vacation with pay?
Yes, after you work for one year for the
same employer. Then the employer must
give you at least two weeks off with pay.
The minimum vacation pay is 4% of your
total wages for the year.
lf you quit or were laid off before working
for one year, you still get 4°1<) of your total
wages as vacation pay.
Can I be fired without good reason?
Yes, but your employer must tell you ahead
of time in writing. This is called "notice."
You must get notice even if you are laid off.
How much notice you get depends on how
long you have worked for your employer.
What must my employer give me when I am
fired or I quit?
Your employer must give you your Record
of Employment. You will need this if you
apply for unemployment insurance benefits.
Your employer must pay your wages and
vacation pay within seven days. Your
employer must pay any other money owed
to you within 14 days.
Can my employer fire me if I get pregnant?
No, being pregnant is not a legal reason
to fire you. If you have worked for your
employer for at least 13 weeks, you must get
at least 17 weeks "pregnancy leave" (time
off). You have to tell your employer in
writing at least two weeks before you leave.
The employer does not have to pay you
for this time. But you might get some
unemployment benefits. Check with your
nearest Canada Employment Centre.
You can go back to your job after the
pregnancy leave. You must get the same
wage as before.
GETTING YOUR RIGHTS
What can I do if I am not getting these rights?
• Talk to people who work with you. Find
out if they have the same problems.
• Get help.
Where can I get help?
• Call the nearest Ministry of Labour office.
The number is in the blue pages of the
phone book. Look under "Government of
Ontario, Labour, Employment Standards."
• Contact a community legal clinic for help
and information. Clinics are in the white
pages of the phone book under "Legal Aid."
CAUTION!
If you talk to your employer, you might lose
your job. There may be less risk if a group of
employees talks to the employer. But first,
you should get advice and know your rights.
Ontario RPndPr. 7997 m
 rJ YOUR RIGHTS AT WORK
Write the correct information in the blank. Check your answers on page 93.
1. Overtime pay starts after _ _ _ _ hours a week.
2. The overtime rate is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
3. You must get at least _ _ _ _ minutes for a meal break after every 5 hours of work.
4. Women and men must get _ _ _ _ pay for _ _ _ _ work.
S. You get vacation with pay after you work for the same employer for _ _ _ _ year.
6. The minimum vacation pay is _ _ _ _ of your total wag'..,: for the year.
7. Before you are laid off, an employer must give you _ _ __
S. If you quit, the employer must pay your wages and vacation pay within _ _ _ _ days.
9. If a woman has worked for 13 weeks, she must get at least ____ weeks pregnancy leave.

III MUST, SHOULD, MIGHT

must I must ~ the rent.

+ verb necessity (This is necesssary.)
have to I have to ~ the rent.
do/does not have to + verb lack of necessity (not necessary) I don't have to work Sundays.
should + verb advice (This is a good idea.) I should stop smoking.
might It may rain tonight.
+ verb possibility (maybe)
may It might rain tonight.

Write the correct form of mllst, have to, shollld, might, may in the blank. (Answers: page 23)

Pregnancy: If you have worked for your employer for at least 13 weeks, you must
get at least 17 weeks pregnancy leave. You tell your employer in writing at
least two weeks before you leave. The employer pay you for this time.
But you ______ get some unemployment benefits. Check with your nearest Canada
Employment Centre. You can go back to your job after the pregnancy leave. You
______ get the same wage as before.

Getting your rights: Caution! If you talk to your employer, you lose your
job. There be less risk if a group of employees talks to the employer. But
first, you ______ get advice and know your rights.

III Ontario Reader· 7997

 lucky man!
** Jayson Watson is lucky to be alive. He
survived a 70-metre fall from a building.
Watson is a construction worker from
Niagara-on-the-Lake. He was on the 23rd
floor of a new building when he fell over
the side. He grabbed on to a rope and slid
down about 15 floors. Then he started
sliding very fast. He couldn't hold on any
longer. Four floors from the ground, he had
to let go.
"The next thing I remember, I was lying
face down in the gravel," Watson said.
He broke his hip and a tooth in the fall.
"I guess I'm lucky," he said. "I could have
been pizza."
While Watson was in the hospital, his
brothers gave him new licence plates for his
car - "FALL 23."
A.dapted witill'ami.\\itm - 1immto SI"r SYllt/kate

WORKERS' COMPENSATION
*** Most workers in Ontario
can get benefits if they are
coverage, but some may not.
If you are injured at work,
Your employer must report
your injury to the WCB
injured at work. This is called always apply for WC. You within three days. He must
workers' compensation (WC). may be eligible for benefits send an "Employer's Report
The Workers' Compensation even if your employer is not of Accident" to the WCB.
Board (WCB) collects money registered with the WCB. If your employer does not
from most employers in the file a report, you should
province. The WCB uses this What should I do if I'm anyway. Get your doctor to
money to provide benefits injured at work? send in the Form 8. If you
to workers who are injured Report the accident to your need help, contact a lawyer
on the job, or get a disease supervisor immediately. Get or a community legal clinic.
because of their job the names of your co-workers
(occupational disease). who saw the accident. If no CHANGES COMING
Some of these benefits are: one saw you get hurt, tell
• payment for lost wages someone about it right away. The Ontario government
• payment for health care After you report your injury is changing the workers'
expenses to your employer, go to a compensation system. A new
• payment for vocational doctor. Ask your doctor to system is expected to start in
rehabilitation (a program to send a "Doctor's First Report, late spring, 1997. The name
get you working again after Form 8," to the WCB. Tell the of the new system will be
you have been injured). doctor all the details of how "Workplace Safety and
Most employers have WC the accident happened. Insurance Board."
Ontario Reader· 1997 fit
 B LUCKY MAN
Write the correct word in the blank. Check your answers on page 25.
alive broke construction could couldn't fell
grabbed hospital licence let remember survived

Jayson Watson is lucky to be alive . He _ _ _ _ _ a 70-metre fall from a building.

Watson is a _ _ _ _ _ worker from Niagara-on-the-Lake. He was on the 23rd floor of a
new building when he _ _ _ _ _ over the side. He _ _ _ _ _ on to a rope and slid
down about 15 floors. Then he started sliding very fast. He hold on any
longer. Four floors from the ground, he had to go.
liThe next thing I _ _ _ _ _, I was lying face down in the gravel," Watson said.
He _ _ _ _ _ his hip and a tooth in the fall.
"I guess I'm lucky," he said. "I ______ have been pizza."
While Watson was in the _ _ _ _ _ , his brothers gave him new _ _ _ _ _ plates
for his car - "FALL 23".

D WORKERS' COMPENSATION
Finish the sentences. Check your answers on page 25.

1. Most workers can get benefits if they are injured at work

2. The WCB collects money from

3. One of the benefits is

4. If you are injured at work, report the accident to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

5. After you report your injury to your employer,

6. Your employer must report your injury to the WCB within _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

7. If your employer does not file a report, you

8. If you need help, contact _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

9. The name of the new workers' compensation system will be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

PAl Ontario Reader· 7997

 Five-year-old phones 911 as mother
gives birth
** Kelvin Kwan was at home
with his mom when she
started to give birth.
Five-year-old Kelvin knew
exactly what to do. He
quickly went to the phone
and calmly dialed 911.
Thanks to Kelvin's fast
thinking, everything turned
out okay for his mother and
new baby sister. But there
were some scary moments.
When the emergency crew
arrived at the Kwan's ~'4<

apartment building, they " f';:

, _ii ;::"\
couldn't get in. They needed
'\
a security card. Police officer,
Peter Moreira, finally got in.
K. FIll/gllllfurulllo SIll'

Kelvin Kwan, 5, with his

* Kelvin Kwan is five years
When he burst into the old. He was at home with
mother, grandmother and
Kwan's 7th floor apartment, his mother. She started to
he saw a newborn baby with police officer Peter Moreira.
an umbilical cord wrapped have a baby. Kelvin called
around her legs. 911 . A police officer came.
Moreira remembered his emergency training. He removed He helped to deliver the
the fluid from the baby's mouth and unwound the cord. baby. Now, Kelvin's mom
"But most of the work was done by the time I arrived.
Kelvin was very calm. He did a great job," said Moreira. and new baby sister are okay.
AcI"plt'd witlll'l'rm;,'i.\icm - TOfOllfo Star S,l'm/ka(c

WHAT TO DO IN AN EMERGENCY
** In some Ontario cities you can dial 911 Use an emergency number only if:
for all emergencies. Other places have • a person's life or property is in danger
different numbers for ambulance, fire, • you need help right away.
police and poison control.
The emergency numbers are on the inside What to say in an emergency
front cover of the telephone book. If you Here are some sentences that might help
can't find a number quickly, dial O. The you in an emergency.
operator will help you. "I need an ambulance."
Write the numbers down and keep them "I want the police."
near the phone. You should also teach your "There is a fire. Please send help."
children how to make emergency calls. "My name is . I live at ____ "

Ontario Reader· 7997 m

E1 PUT IT IN ORDER mDO YOU KNOW WHAT TO DO?
Read these sentences Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: p. 93)
about Kelvin's story. Put
when what how where wear help buy drive
them in the correct order.
(Answers: page 27) 1. Kelvin knew how to dial 911.

D The emergency crew

arrived at the Kwan's
2. Kelvin knew to do in an emergency. Do you?
3. The police officer knew how to the baby.
apartment building. 4. They had a map. They knew to go.

D baby.
He saw a newborn
S. I know how to - - - - a car.
6. I know where to good Chinese food.
7. I don't know what to to the party.
D phone
Kelvin went to the
and dialed 911. 8. I drink too much. I never know _ _ _ _ to stop.

CD Kelvin Kwan was at [i WHAT TO DO IN AN EMERGENCY

home with his mom.
Answer these questions. Check your answers on page 27.
D They couldn't get in 1. Do all Ontario cities have a 911 number?
the building.
2. Where can you find the emergency numbers?
D Officer Moreira finally
got in the building. 3. Who will help you if you don't know what number to call?

D The emergency crew

took Kelvin's mother 4. Should children know how to make emergency calls?
and the baby to the
hospital.
S. When should you use an emergency number?
D He burst into the
Kwan's apartment.

D Kelvin's mom started 6. What would you say to the emergency operator if there
to give birth. were a fire in your house? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

D He removed the fluid 7. What would you say to the emergency operator if
from the baby's
mouth and unwound someone was seriously hurt? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
the umbilical cord.
8. Have you ever been in an emergency situation? _ _ __
Whathappened? _________________
** Are you prepared for a medical
emergency?
• Do you have your Ontario health card?
• Do you know your doctor's name, address
and phone number?
• Do you have any special medical problems
such as diabetes, epilepsy or heart problems?
• Are you taking any medication (medicine)?
Do you know the name of the medicine?
• Are you allergic to anything?
Calling an ambulance
Call for an ambulance only when a
person's life is in danger and help is needed
right away.
The Ontario health plan pays for most of
the cost of an ambulance, but not all of it.
The patient has to pay $45.
One family member can go in the
ambulance with the patient.
Poisoning
Accidental poisoning can
happen in many ways. People
can swallow a poison. They
may breathe it in or get it on
their skin.
What should you do if someone is
poisoned?
Call the Poison Information Centre. It's
open 24 hours a day. The number is on the
inside front cover of the telephone book.
In Metro Toronto call (416) 813-5900. Take
the container of the poison to the phone.
The operator at the Poison Information
Centre will ask some questions. For example:
• What is your name and phone number?
• What is the exact name of the product?
• How much does the person weigh?
• How old is the person?
• How much of the poison did she take?
The operator will tell you what to do.
Follow the instructions carefully.
G.Zw!m
Going to Emergency at a hospital
Here is what usually happens.
Admitting - An admitting clerk will ask for
the patient's health card. The clerk will also
ask for personal information: name, etc.
Consent form - The patient has to sign a
consent form. This form gives the hospital
permission to treat the patient. If the patient
can't sign, the next of kin can sign ("next of
kin" is your nearest relative). A parent or .
guardian can sign for a child.
Waiting - Emergency is often very busy.
The staff decides who needs help first. Other
patients have to wait. Patients may have to
wait a long time. It's a good idea to have a
friend or family member stay with a patient
in Emergency.
Nurse - A nurse will usually check the
patient first. The nurse may check the
patient's vital signs: pulse, blood pressure
and breathing. The nurse will also ask the
patient questions.
Doctor's exam - The doctor will examine
the patient. The doctor may order x-rays or
tests. If you don't understand something,
ask the doctor to explain.
Going home - Many patients go home
after emergency treatment. The nurse or
doctor will give some instructions. Make
sure you understand them.
Ontario Reader· 7997 fJl
 B ARE YOU PREPARED? mWORDS
Write five things you should know or have for a medical Write the correct word in
emergency. Check your answers on page 29. the blank. (Answers: p. 93)
1. ________________________________ ________ ~
allergies allergic
2. _________________________________________ medicine medical
pressure pulse
3. ________________________________________ patients ambulance
4. ______________________________________ treatment

s. _____________________________________ 1. Do you have any

special medical
problems?
III DO YOU HAVE THE INFORMATION? 2. Did you call 911 and
What information do you need for the operator at the ask for an ?
Poison Information Centre? Check your answers on page 29.
1. ______________________________________ 3. What's the name of
the you
2. _____________________________________ are taking?
3. __________________________________
4. Do you have any
4. ______________________________________ ------?
s. _______________________________________ S. Are you _________
to anything?

6. Did the nurse check

[i HOSPITAL EMERGENCY your ______ ?
Put these sentences in the correct order. Check your answers
on page 29. 7. Is your blood
o You wait until a nurse is available.
_ _ _ _ _ normal?

o The doctor examines you. 8. Did the hospital send

you home after emergency
o You sign a consent form. -----?

o A nurse checks you and asks questions. 9. Are there a lot of

______ waiting for
o You get some instructions and go home. the doctor?

o The admitting clerk asks for your health card.

It!] Ontario Reader· 1997

New police officers have diverse backgrounds
** George Chen speaks six languages. Sue
Borg used to be a graphic artist. Lenworth
Vaz was a social worker. Eric Goldsmith
worked as a medical technologist. Miguel
Roberts was a mechanic.
Now, they are all police officers in Metro
Toronto. They and 86 others graduated from
police college last July. They were the first
new officers hired by Metro since 1993.
Twenty-one of the new cops are female,
and 70 are male. Many in the group have
academic degrees and speak other languages.
"Being a police officer is my way of
helping people," said George Chen. Chen,
28, was born in Hong Kong. He came to
Canada when he was 11. In addition to
English, he speaks Mandarin, Cantonese, Mf (Juuc/e(rurulltu Star

Shanghainese, French and Spanish.
Borg, 29, also wanted to help people. So she
left computer graphic design for policing.
Born in Toronto, she speaks Maltese and
English.
Vaz, 31, is from Jamaica. He was a social
worker who helped troubled youth. He
joined the police to be a good role model
for young people.
Goldsmith is starting his new career at
Miguel Roberts parades with 90 other new
graduates from Metro Toronto's police college.
age 27. He has a university degree in science
and experience as a technologist in nuclear
medicine. "I'd like to be a detective one
day," he said.
Roberts, 25, was an auto mechanic. He
has wanted to be a police officer since he
was a young boy. Ac/artee/lVitll 1''''')/;5.';CIII - Turelllta Star SynC/kate'

First female police chief

* Lenna Bradburn is the police chief for the
city of Guelph. She is the first female police
chief in Canada.
Bradburn is 36 years old. She started
police work in 1981. She was a police officer
in Toronto ..
In Guelph, she is the chief of 142 police
officers. She makes $90,000 a year.
Guelph is about one hour west of
Toronto. Its population is 94,000.
Bradburn wants the police to work closely
with the community.
Ad,'ptt'd witll {It'rminicJU - 'nmmto Sta, Symlictltt'
Lenna Bradburn is Guelph's police chief.

Ontario Reader· 7997 m

 B FIRST FEMALE POLICE CHIEF
Write the missing words in the blanks. Check your answers in the story on page 31.
Lenna Bradburn is the police chief for the _ _c_i_t",-Y_ _ of Guelph. She is the first
______ police chief in Canada.
Bradburn is 36 years . She ______ police work in 1981. She was a
police ______ in Toronto.
In Guelph, she the chief of 142 police officers. She _ _ _ _ $90,000 a year.
Guelph is about one hour ______ of Toronto. Its ______ is 94,000.
Bradburn wants the police to work closely with the _ _ _ _ __

E1 WHAT'S THE QUESTION? (Answers: page 93)

Write a question for these answers. They are about the story "First female police chief."
1. How old is Lenna Bradburn ? She's 36.
2. ___________________________________ ? In 1981.

3. ? $90,000 a year.
4. ? 94,000
These questions and answers are about the story "New police officers have diverse backgrounds."
s. ___________________ ? Six languages.
6. ? Because he wanted to help people.
7. ? She was born in Toronto.
8. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ? He is from Jamaica.
9. ? He would like to be a detective.

61 COMPLETE THE CHART (Check your answers on page 31.)

Name. Age Previous occupation Reason for becoming a police officer

Sue Borg graphic artist

Eric Goldsmith
Miguel Roberts
Lenworth Vaz
George Chen unknown

III Ontario Reader· 1997

** In Ontario, there are
three different police forces.
ROYAL CANADIAN MOUNTED
POLICE
The RCMP are the federal
government's police force.
They enforce certain federal
laws and maintain national
security. In all provinces
except Ontario and Quebec,
the RCMP also enforce the
criminal code (laws) and
provincial laws.
The RCMP began in 1873
as the North-West Mounted
Police. The "mounties" kept
law and order on Canada's
western frontier.
ONTARIO PROVINCIAL POLICE
The OPP are responsible
for areas of the province that
do not have a local police
force. They control Ontario's
THE POLICE AND YOUR RIGHTS
*** What are my rights if
I'm arrested or detained by
the police?
The Charter of Rights and
Freedoms protects your
rights. It is part of the
Canadian Constitution. If the
police arrest or detain you:
• They must tell you why.
• They must tell you at once
that you have the right to a
lawyer.
• They must tell you about
Legal Aid and your right to
free legal advice.
• They must allow you to
speak to a lawyer, in private,
R.I.D.E. PROGRAM: A police officer stops cars in London, Ont.
highways and waterways
(rivers, lakes). They also
provide emergency services.
There are about 4,700 OPP
officers across the province.
MUNICIPAL POLICE
Many municipalities have
their own police force.
Local police forces often
work closely with their
as soon as possible.
• Your case must go to court
without a long delay.
If you don't have a lawyer,
you can call a "duty counsel"
lawyer. They are paid by
Legal Aid to provide free legal
advice 24 hours a day. Ask
the police for the toll-free
number. You can also request
your own lawyer.
After you identify yourself,
speak to a lawyer before you
answer questions from the
police. As soon as you ask to
speak to a lawyer, the police
must stop questioning you.
communities. For example,
police officers go into schools
to talk to children about
traffic safety or drug abuse.
The local police also run
special programs like R.I.D.E.
and Crime Stoppers. The
R.I.D.E program tries to
reduce drinking and driving.
Crime Stoppers helps citizens
fight against crime.
Say, "I want to speak to a
lawyer." You don't have to
say anything else.
Can the police enter my
home?
The police can go into
your home only if they have
the following:
• a search warrant. This is a
written order from a judge.
• permission from you or
another adult in your home.
• an arrest warrant.
In an emergency, they can
go into your home without
permission or a warrant.
Ontario Reader· 1997 II)
 II CHECK THE FACTS m WORD FAMILIES
Each sentence has one word or fact that is not correct. Write the correct worci ir
Find the mistake and correct it. Check your answers in the blank. (Answers: r:- <

the stories on page 33.

three Verb Noun
1. In Ontario, there are ~different police forces.
identify identification
2. The RCMP are the provincial government's police force.
protect protection
3. RCMP means Royal Canadian Mountain Police. permit permission
law
4. The OPP control Canada's highways and waterways.
lawyer
5. Few municipalities have their own police force. crime
6. The R.I.D.E. program tries to increase drinking and driving. crirninal

7. The police do not have to say why they are arresting you. 1. A popular expression i~
8. Speak to a lawyer after you answer questions from the " Crime does not pay."
police.
2. A _ _ _ _ _ gives
9. In an emergency, the police cannot go into your home legal advice.
without permission.
3. It is the job of the
10. Local police forces seldom work closely with their police to enforce the
communities.

4. It is also the job of tL

III CHECK THE GRAMMAR police to people.

Each sentence has one mistake in grammar. Correct the S. A person who commits
underlined mistake. Check your answers on page 33. a crime is a _ _ _ __

1. In Ontario, there are three different police force.s 6. The police must
________ you to speak
2. The R.I.D.E. program tries reduce drinking and driving. to a lawyer.
3. There is about 4,700 opr officers across the province. 7. He gave the police
________ to enter
4. Many municipalities have its own police force.
his house.
S. The RCMP began on 1873.
8. He asked the police
6. If the police arrest you, they must to tell you why. for against
the criminals.
7. CaT? the police to enter my home?
9. The police don't know
8. Your case must goes to court without lengthy delay.
his name. They cannot
9. I want speak to a lawyer. ______ him. He has
no papers,
10. If you aren't have a lawyer, you can call a "duty and he won't talk.
counsel" lawyer.

III Ontario Reader· 7997

Children benefit when parents involved at school
SCHOOL MEETING: Parents (left) meet with an interpreter and
the school principal. They are learning about their child's progress
at Huron School in Toronto. The school uses interpreters for
Chinese, Spanish, Polish, Korean and other languages.
*** Many schools are
opening their doors to
parents. They want parents
to be involved in school
activities.
Educational research
shows that children do better
at school when their parents
are involved.
Here are some ways that
parents can participate in
their children's education.
Parent-teacher interviews
These are meetings with
the teacher. Parents can ask
questions and learn about
their child's progress at
school. The, meetings usually
happen after the report cards
go out. But parents can ask
to meet with the teacher or
principal at any time.
Some schools use inter-
preters for parents who can't
speak English well. Parents
must ask for an interpreter
before the meeting.
I
Parent organizations
Most schools have
organizations for parents.
They have regular meetings
where parents learn about
programs and special events
at the school. The meetings
are also about problems or
changes at the school.
Volunteer work
Schools often need
volunteers. Parents can help
in many different ways. For
example, parents can go on
field trips or help with fund-
raising events.
School councils
The provincial government
requires all schools to have a
school council. The council
gives advice on the operation
of the school. The majority
of the representatives on the
council must be parents. This
gives parents a voice in the
education of their children.
ONTARIO'S SCHOOL
SYSTEM
** Ontario has a public
school system. The public
schools are free. They are
paid for by tax dollars.
Each city or region has
its own board of education
(school board) which runs
the schools in its area.
Members of school boards
are called trustees. They
are elected every three
years.
There are also private
schools in Ontario. But
parents have to pay for
these schools.
Here is a quick overview
of education in Ontario.
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
• Junior and senior
kindergarten: age 4 and 5,
usually half days only.
Some schools do not have
junior kindergarten.
• Grades 1 to 8: full day.
SECONDARY SCHOOL
Also called high school.
Usually for four or five
years. Prepares students
for employment, college
or university.
POSTSECONDARY EDUCATION
Community colleges and
universities.
CONTINUING EDUCATION
School boards, colleges
and univeristies offer part-
time courses for adults.
Ontario Reader· 7997 III
 rJ ONTARIO'S SCHOOL SYSTEM
Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: page 93)
community continuing education elected elementary
half postsecondary private public secondary
tax trustees university
1. _ _ _ _ _ _ schools are free. They are paid for by _ _ _ _ _ _ dollars.

2. schools are not free. Parents have to pay for them.

3. Boards of _ _ _ _ _ _ run the schools in their area.
4. Members of school boards are called _____ . They are _ _ _ _ every three years.
5. _ _ _ _ _ _ school includes kindergarten and grades 1 to 8.
6. Kindergarten is usually _ _ _ _ _ _ days only.
7. _ _ _ _ school is also called high school. It prepares students for _ _ _ education.
8. After high school, some students look for work. Others go to ____ college or _ _ __
9. _ _ _ _ _ _ education is for adults who want to take part-time courses.

III CHILDREN BENEFIT WHEN PARENTS INVOLVED AT SCHOOL

Complete the sentences by writing a word in the blank. Check your answers on page 35.

1. Some schools use _______ for parents who can't speak English.

2. Children do _ _ _ _ _ _ at school when their parents are involved.

3. Parents can _ _ _ _ _ _ in their children's education in different ways.

4. At parent-teacher interviews, parents can learn about their child's _ _ _ _ at school.

5. The int~rviews are usually after the _ _ _ _ _ _ cards go out.

6. Parents can ask to meet with the teacher or _______ at any time.

7. Parent organizations have regular _ _ _ _ _ _ to talk about activities at the school.

8. Schools often need _ _ _ _ _ _ to help with fund-raiSing events or field trips.

9. The provincial government _ _ _ _ _ _ all schools to have a school council.

10. The _ _ _ _ _ _ of the representatives on the council must be parents.

1m Ontario Reader· 1997
 ~ Nelson
Cruz, 16,
holds a
CD-ROM at
the 8100r-
Gladstone
Library in
Toronto.

MORE THAN JUST

BOOKS

* Libraries have
Gateway to the something for everybody.
They have magazines,
information highway newspapers and books.
*** We live in an information sOciety. Everywhere, They have videos, tapes
we hear about computers, internet and the information
highway. We hear that electronic information is the and music CDs.
way of the future. They have dictionaries,
But what if you can't afford a computer? maps and encyclopedias.
Public libraries may be the answer. Many libraries
have computers. They are helping people use computers Libraries also have
to get important information. Here are some examples. computers. Libraries are
• Internet - This is a system that links up computers
around the world. You can get information or helping people use
communicate with other people who are on the "net./I electronic information.
• Community information - Some libraries have
computerized information about their community. They are helping people
You can find out about local programs and services. get on the information
You can get information about employers. You can highway.
even learn to write a resume.
• CD-ROMs - These are compact discs that a computer
can read. They have a lot of information on them. Adal'tl'li witll f'ami.Hicm - TIm1llto S(a, S.~·tJ"ic"te

Some CD-ROMS have photos, video and sound.

• Research - In the future, most of the library's
reference materials will be in electronic form.
Libraries have an important new role. They are
helping people get on the information highway.
Ontario Reader· 1997 m
E.1 MORE THAN JUST BOOKS m I CAN'T AFFORD ...
Write 10 things that most public libraries have. I can 't afford ... = I don 't
have enough money for...
Write the correct word in
the blank. (Answers: p.93)
can car move buy
1. I can't afford a _ __
2. I can't afford to _ _
a house.
3. I can't afford to _ _
Ii! ALPHABETICAL ORDER (Answers: p.93) into a new apartment.
Libraries catalogue their books alphabetically by the title of 4. you afford a
the book, the author and the subject. Here are some well cup of coffee?
known authors. Put them in alphabetical order by last name.
D Alice Munro D Michael Ondaatje Write two things you can
afford.
D Charles Dicke1ls D Lucy Maud Montgomery
D Gabriel Garcia Marques D Sigmund Freud Write two things you
D Karl Marx D T. S. Eliot can't afford.
OJ Margaret Atwood D Ernest Hemingway
D William Shakespeare D Joyce Carol Oates
II VERBS
Write the correct verb in
[!J INFORMATION HIGHWAY the blank. (Answers: p.93)
watch read liste1l
Finish the sentences. Check your answers on page 37.
like look use
1. Libraries have something for everybody
1. I to go to the
2. We live in an information library.

3. Librarfes are helping people _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 2. I books.

4. The internet is a system that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 3. I videos.

S. Electronic information is the way _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 4. I a computer.

6. CD-ROMS are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ S. I to music CDs.

7. In the future, most library reference materials will _ _ 6. I up words in

the dictionary.

m Ontario Reader· 1997

 The Garlic
King
* Ted Maczka loves garlic.
It keeps you healthy, he says.
It tastes good too.
Maczka is from Poland.
His first job in Canada was
in a factory. But he got laid
off in 1958.
At that time, nobody grew
garlic in Canada. So Maczka
started to grow it.
Today, he is an expert.
He has grown about 600
kinds of garlic on his farm
near Belleville. He travels all
over Ontario. He sells garlic
and teaches about it.
Garlic grows well in Ted Maczko selling his garlic. /. Mah/l'r(fimJllto Star

Canada, Maczka says.

"We can grow better garlic
than in California. II

© (~Ht't'II:' {'rinta IiI[ ()II/Il,io, 1993. Rt'l'mdll(ct/ willi /,crIIlis.\it""

GARLIC
SPICE OR MEDICINE? * Here are some herbs and spices used in cooking in
* People first used garlic as different countries. What herbs and spices do you use?
a medicine more than 3,000
years ago. ITALIAN CHINESE FRENCH
Today, scientists are Basil Ginger Tarragon
studying garlic. They think Oregano Sesame seeds Chervil
it might help to prevent Marjoram Anise seeds Rosemary
some kinds of cancer. Garlic Parsley Red pepper Thyme
might also help to prevent
Sage Garlic Bay leaves
heart attacks.
Some people eat garlic for
health reasons. Other people INDIAN GERMAN MEXICAN
just like the taste. They cook Saffron Caraway Chilies
it in many different foods. Curry Dill Cumin seeds
Some people don't like Cloves White pepper Sesame seeds
garlic at all- especially the Mint Mustard Coriander
smell. Cardamom Nutmeg Cinnamon
Adll{Jt{Jd witlll'amissioll (rom llze Lomfc", Fret' I'n'.\.\. 1II11.\tratic",: Scutt Shmmml

Ontario Reader· 1997 1m

 HRACTICePAGE

B YES OR NO? Ii] VERBS

Write the correct word in the blank. Then answer the Write the correct form of
questions about the stories on page 39. (Answers: page 93) the verb grow or be in the
blank. (Answers: p. 39)
Is Does Do
1. At that time, nobody
1. Is Ted Maczka from Poland? Yes grew garlic in Canada.
2. his farm near Toronto? 2. So Maczka started to
_ _ _ it.
3. he an expert on garlic?
3. He has about
4. he grow garlic in a factory? 600 kinds of garlic.
S. garlic grow well in Canada? 4. He an expert.
6. Maczka travel all over Ontario? S. Garlic well
in Canada.
7. some people use garlic as a medicine?
6. "We can garlic
8. some people cook with garlic? better than in California. II

7. Today, scientists
9. everybody like garlic?
_ _ _ studying garlic.

[i CROSSWORD
Most of the words are from page 39.
ACROSS
1. gives flavour to food
3. wake--
6. popular pet
8. They are good in pie or as a sauce.
9. flavour
10. opposite of buy
11. something you take to feel better
1S. prepare food
16. not sick
DOWN
1. small mark
2. person with specialized knowledge
4. time before now
S. every 12. opposite of day
7. Ted Maczka grows it. 13. popular Indian spice
8. She's -- home. 14. like very much
10. odour (Answers: page 93)
1m Ontario Reader· 1997
 HEALTHY EATINC
* There are four basic food groups. A balanced diet has food from all four groups.
Eating a balanced diet can help you be healthy. Some foods are extras." They
/I

have very little nutrition. Often they are high in fat, calories; sugar or salt.

Grain Products Vegetables & Fruit Milk Products Meat & Alternatives
Fish, ch icken, beans, nuts, eggs

. . .~• .:.:7
.&.. .....

Extra Foods
Sweets, fats GRAPE
JELLY
I/Im(m(;cJII ily Nola /ollm(oll ((wrtny Tilt' ~V('.\I(lJast Rcwla

TIPS FOR HEALTHY EATING

** Here are some ways to have a healthy diet.
• Enjoy a variety of foods from each food
group every day.
• Choose whole grain and enriched products
more often. Whole grain products such as
whole wheat, oats, barley or rye are healthy
because they are high in starch and fibre.
Enriched foods have some vitamins and
minerals added to them.
• Choose dark green and orange vegetables,
and orange fruit more often. These foods are
higher in important nutrients like vitamin A.
Choose salads, broccoli, spinach, carrots,
sweet potatoes, cantaloupes or orange juice.
• Choose lower-fat milk products. They have
less fat and fewer calories. But they still have
the protein and calcium that you need.
• Choose leaner meats, poultry and fish.
Also choose dried peas, beans and lentils.
• Use caffeine, sugar and salt in moderation.
• Choose lower-fat foods. Everyone needs
some fat in their diet. But most people eat
too much fat. Here are some ways to cut
down on fat. Can you think of any others?
- Eat more grains, vegetables, fruit, and beans.
- Choose leaner meat. Trim off the fat.
- Take the skin off poultry before cooking it.
- Steam or bake food instead of frying it.
- Eat fewer snacks such as chips or sweets.
- Have salad with less dressing or light dressing.
- Check the labels of milk products for a low
percentage of milk fat (9'tJ M.E).
Ontario Reader· 7997 m
 eRACT1C£: PAG£[ , ,

Et FOUR FOOD GROUPS

Put these foods in the correct group. Can you think of any other foods that belong in each
group? (Answers: page 93)
cheese, broccoli, butter, turkey, asparagus, rice, pork, whole wheat bread, corn flakes, salmon,
grapes, cream, apples, bran muffin, yogurt, carrots, lamb, pasta, skim milk, lentils

Grain Products Vegetables & Fruit Milk Products Meat fit Alternatives

mTIPS FOR HEALTHY EATING

Write six things you can do to have a healthy diet. Check your ~mswers on page 41.

Write six things you can do to reduce (cut down) the amount of fat in your diet.

mWORDS Write the correct word in the blank. Check your answers on page 41.
moderation snacks Ilutrients calories variety enriched high leaner
1. Enjoy a _ _ _ _ _ _ of foods from each food group every day
2. foods have some vitamins and minerals added to them.
3. To cut down on fat, choose _ _ _ _ _ _ meats, poultry and fish.
4. Green vegetables have a lot of important like Vitamin A.
. S. Lower-fat milk products have less fat and fewer _ _ _ _ __
6. Use caffeine, sugar and salt in _ _ _ _ __
7. Eat fewer such as chips and sweets.
8. Whole grain products are in starch and fibre.
III Ontario Reader· 1997
 GROCERY SHOPPING
** Here are some facts about grocery
shopping in Canada.
• The average Canadian spends about 4S
minutes a week shopping for groceries.
• Thursday is the most popular day to shop.
• Sunday is the least popular day to shop.
• 82% of women do the grocery shopping
for their families.
• Average weekly grocery spending per person:
- One person in household - $S 1
- Two people in household - $37
- Three or more people in household -$29.

Men and women shop differently

Surveys show that:
• Men compare prices and products less than women.
• Men use coupons less.
• Women use shopping lists more than men.
• Women spend more time in a store.
• Women worry more about nutrition and price.
• Men shop in convenience stores more because
they hate standing in line at checkout counters.
Torullto Stllr

o Look for dates on food.
For example, dairy products
and baked goods have "best
before dates." Foods are no
longer fresh after this date.
o Check the labels on meat,
fish and poultry. The date
shows when the food was
packaged. You should cook
or freeze the food soon after
this date. Was the food
"previously frozen?" If it
was, then use the food right
away, or cook it before you
freeze it again.
Ad"pted lI'itll f't'fmi.\.\iml
o Check the list of
ingredients on the label.
The first ingredient is the
major one in that food.
"Glucose," "fructose" and
"sucrose" are all forms of
sugar. "Sodium chloride" and
"monosodium glutamate"
(MSG) are forms of salt.
o Check the label on fruit
beverages. Fruit" juice" is
100% juice. Fruit "drink"
has very little or no juice.
Look for juices that are
"unsweetened" or have "no
Ir(ll1l Tilt' \\'e.\tcotl,'it Rcader sugar added."
o If there is "artificial flavour"
in a product, the label will
tell you. Don't be fooled by
the picture on the package.
o Compare brands. For
example, the two brands of
peanut butter below have
different ingredients. Which
brand is better for you?
A Yummy Peanut Butter
Ingredients: peanuts,
dextrose, hydrogenated palm
oil, salt.
B Natural Peanut Butter
Ingredients: peanuts, no salt,
no sugar.
Ontario Reader· 7997 II)
 B GROCERY SHOPPING FACTS
Write the correct information in the blank. (Answers: page 94)
1. The average Canadian spends about minutes a week shopping for groceries.
2. is the most popular day to shop.
3. is the least popular day to shop.
4. _ _ _ _ _ of women do the grocery shopping for their families.
S. A person living alone spends an average of per week on groceries.
6. In a household with people, the average spending is $29 per week.

D MEN AND WOMEN SHOP DIFFERENTLY

Complete the sentences using the words more or less. (Answers: page 94)
1. Men compare prices and products less than women.
2. Wom~n use coupons than men.
3. Men use shopping lists than women.
4. Women spend time in a store than men.
S. Men worry about nutrition than women.
6. Women shop in convenience stores than men.
7. Men hate standing in line at checkout counters than women.

m TIPS FOR READING FOOD lABELS

Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: page 94)
artificial baked beverages brands dairy fresh ingredients poultry previollsly
1. goods include bread, muffins and cake.
2. You can drink _ _ _ _ _ __
3. _ _ _ _ _ _ includes chicken and turkey.
4. products are made from milk.
S. All the of a food product are listed on the label.
6. The flavour in that drink is not natural. It is - - - - - -
7. The meat was frozen so you should cook it soon.
8. Supermarkets usually sell several of the same product.
9. The bread is stale. They are going to bake bread tomorrow.
III Ontario Reader· 7997
 ,

* Dickson Chu's tofu is fresh and delicious.

Some people say it's the best in town.
Chu owns Fang On Foods in Toronto's
Kensington Market. He makes and sells only
two products: tofu and rice noodles.
Tofu is made from dried soybeans. It is
low in fat and high in protein. It is used a
lot in Chinese and Japanese cooking. Rice
noodles are used in soups and stir fries.
They are also used for Chinese "dim sum."
Chu makes each batch of tofu from 300
pounds of soybeans. It's an elaborate
procedure. But he knows what he's doing.
He's been making tofu for over 40 years.
Adapted Wit/I pmnissioll - Torollto Star Syndimte

* Deb's Valley Foods is a successful business

in the Ottawa valley. Debra Dunlop runs the
business with her husband and stepson.
In 1989, Dunlop was laid off from her job
as a secretary. To keep busy, she made some
jars of mustard and chili sauce for a local
store. The store sold them all in a few days.
"All of a sudden, I had some money,"
Dunlop said. "I decided to take my mustards
and chili sauces to a few more stores."
Today, her products sell in 350 stores in
eastern Ontario. And business is growing.
"In the last two years, our business has
doubled each year," she said.
Ad"!'ted willi {It'fmi.~.''Iiolll;m'' Tlu' Ottawa Ci/ilell

* Luke Campbell is the owner of Spicy

Luke's. It's a busy restaurant and catering
service in Ottawa.
Spicy Luke's specializes in Caribbean food.
The menu includes patties, jerk pork and
curried goat.
The patties are the most popular. They are
a combination of ground beef, spices and
herbs in a pastry shell. People come from all
over Ottawa for the patties.
Campbell has been in the restaurant
business since 1973. He likes it, but it's hard
work. "I work 12 or 14 hours most days.
An easy day is 10 hours," he said.
Adaptt'" witiJ fJermi.Hic1I1 ,hUll Til!' Ottawli Citilt'll
OUIIWII citilt'JI

Ontario Reader· 7997 1m

 B WHICH PERSON IS IT? (Answers: page 45) mWORD FAMILIES
The information below is about Dickson Chu, Deborah Verb Noun
Dunlop and Luke Campbell. Which person does the
information refer to? Write the correct name in the blank. OW11 owner
1. has been making tofu for over 40 years Dickson Chu combine combination
2. usually works 12 to 14 hours a day _ _ _ _ _ _ __ specialize specialty
decide decision
3. has curried goat on the menu
produce product
4. sells products in 350 stores
Write the correct form of
5. owns a store in KenSington Market
the above words in the
6. was laid off in 1989 blanks. (Answers: p. 94)
7. runs a catering service 1. Spicy Luke's specializes
in Caribbean food.
8. has doubled business for the last two years _ _ _ __
9. makes rice noodles 2. Patties are Luke's

m HOW LONG HAS HE BEEN ... ?

3. Dickson Chu _ __
Fang On Foods.

Campbell has been in the restaurant business since 1973. 4. Chu is the _ _ __
Campbell has been in the restaurant business for 24 years. of the store .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... .
'

Write the correct word in the blank. Then practice the 5. Debra Dunlop sells her
questions and answers with a partner. (Answers: page 94) _____ in 350 stores.

1. Q. How long has he been in the restaurant business? 6. She _ _ _ _ __

A. He has been in the restaurant business since 1973. chili sauce and mustard.

2. Q. How long Chu _ _ _ in the tofu business? 7. Dun~p ~

A. He has been in the tofu business 40 years. go into business in 1989.

3. Q. How long Dunlop ____ self-employed? 8. Dunlop made the

_ _ _ _ _ to go into
A. She has been self-employed 1989.
business.
4. Q. How long Harris _ _ _ Premier of Ontario?
9. Patties are a - - - -
A. He has been Premier of Ontario 1995.
of ground beef and spices
5. Q. How long you _ _ _ _ in Ontario? in a pastry shell.
A. I have been in Ontario two years. 10. Campbell _ _ __
6. Q. How long you _ _ _ _ married? many things in his patties.
A. I have been married 12 years?

1m Ontario Reader· 7997

 Changes to rent control
*** Ontario has a rent
control system. It protects
tenants from high rent
increases. The provincial
government is going to make
changes to rent control. The
changes will be part of the
new Tenant Protection Act
which is expected to start in
July, 1997.
Current system
Your rent can increase
only once every 12 months.
Your landlord must tell you
in writing at least 90 days
before the increase.
There is a guideline for
rent increases. For 1997, the
rent control guideline is 2.8%.
The landlord cannot raise
the rent more than 2.8%
without special permission.
Sometimes the landlord can
raise the rent up to 3% more
than the guideline. But the
landlord must apply to the
government for permission.
He must prove that he has
unusual cost increases.
Changes
The new system will
remove rent control from
vacant apartments. In other
words, if you move out, the
landlord can charge the new
tenant whatever he wants.
There is no control on the
rent. Once the tenant moves
in, rent control starts again
on the new rent.
Tenants who do not move
are still protected by rent
control (2.8% guideline in
1997).
The changes will also DID YOU KNOW?
allow landlords to apply for
an increase of 4% over the • The vacancy rate in
guideline instead of 3%. Metro Toronto is 1.20/0.
The government says the
changes are necessary so • The vacancy rate in
that investors will build Thunder Bay is 6.40/0.
more rental housing. This • There are 3.2 million
will increase the supply of renters in Ontario. 1.9
apartments for tenants. million are in Metro.
Tenants' groups say that
rents will go up, and there • 36% of all households
will be less housing available in Ontario are rented.
that is affordable.

TENANTS' RIGHTS: EVICTION

*** The Landlord and Tenant Act is a law
that protects the rights of tenants. In 1997,
the Ontario government is going to replace
this Act with the Tena1lt Protection Act. The
new act will continue to give tenants
protection against illegal evictions.
Your landlord can only evict you for certain
legal reasons. You do not have to move out
of your home just because your landlord
tells you, or because your lease is up.
If your landlord wants to evict you, he
must follow certain steps. The first step is to
give you a "Notice of Termination" in writing.
The Notice states the reason for eviction. It
also states the date the landlord wants you
to move out. You do not have to move out
by the date in the Notice. You can stay and
fight the eviction in court. Your landlord
cannot evict you without going to court
first. Your landlord cannot lock you out of
your apartment. Only the court can order
tenants to move out.
Under the new Act, disputes (fights)
between landlords and tenants won't be
settled in court. A new system called the
Ontario Rental Housing Tribunal will be
established. The Tribunal will make
decisions on landlord and tenant disputes.
Ontario Reader· 7997 !II
 B TRUE OR FALSE?
Read these sentences about the information on page 47. Write T (true) or F (false) in the blank.
If the sentence is false, correct the mistake. (Answers: page 94)
provincial
1. F In 1997, the f~ government is going to change the rent control system.
2. Your landlord can increase the rent twice a year.
3. The rent control guideline for 1997 is 2.8%.
4. The new rent control system will change the guideline for 1997.
S. Sometimes, your landlord can increase the rent more than the guideline.
6. The new system will allow landlords to apply for an increase of 4% over the guideline.
7. The new system will remove rent control from all apartments.
8. The government wants investors to build more rental housing.
9. Tenants' groups say that there will be more housing available that is affordable.
10. The new Tenant Protection Act will remove tenants' rights against illegal eviction.
11. Your landlord can tell you to move out any time he wants.
12. If a landlord wants you to move out, he must give you a written notice.

Ii) WORD FAMILIES

Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: page 94)
rellt rents renters rental vacant vacancy evict evictioll protect protection
1. There are 3.2 million renters
-......:...=~--'--'---=---
in Ontario.
2. The government hopes that investors will build more _ _ _ _ _ _ housing.
3. He pays _ _ _ _ _ _ to the landlord.
4. She _ _ _ _ _ _ a two-bedroom apartment.
S. The rate in Metro Toronto is low.
6. There is a shortage of _ _ _ _ _ _ apartments.
7. Your landlord can only you for certain legal reasons.
8. Your landlord must give you the reasons for _ _ _ _ _ _ in writing.
9. Without rent control, tenants would have no against high rent increases.
10. Ontario has laws that _ _ _ _ __ the rights of tenants.
Em Ontario Reader· 7997
 Newcomer gets job of his dreams
CONGRATULATIONS: Arturo Quinonez and his wife, Myra.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '-----------------,----'
** It took Arturo Quinonez a long time.
But he finally got the job he wanted.
In August, 1995, Quinonez became a
Niagara Region police officer. At age 45,
he was the oldest of 11 new police
officers. More than 3,000 people applied
for the jobs.
Quinonez came to Canada as a refugee
from Guatemala. He settled in the city
of St. Catharines with his wife and three
children in 1986.
His experience was typical of many
newcomers. He had a university degree
and years of professional experience. But
in Canada, he had to start all over again.
"I got my first job in Canada catching
* Arturo Quinonez came to
Canada in 1986. He was a
refugee from Guatemala. He
settled in 51. Catharines with
his wife and three children.
His first job in Canada was
on a chicken farm. Later, he
worked as a salad maker and
a cleaner. In 1989, he applied
for a job as a police officer.
But his English wasn't very
good. He didn't get an
interview.
Quinonez didn't give up.
In 1995, he applied again.
This time, he was successful.
At age 45, he became a
'xllt' Niagara Region police officer.
chickens at a poultry farm," he said.
Later, he worked in the fields at a
vineyard. He also worked as a salad
maker and a cleaner.
He first applied to the Niagara Region
police in 1989. His English was poor
and he didn't get an interview. But he
never lost hope.
Quinonez thinks his background will
help him as a police officer. "I've had
all kinds of jobs since I came to Canada.
Variety gives you human understanding.
It helps you become tolerant," he said.
"I enjoy helping and protecting
people. I think I'll stay at this job."
Adapted with permissiun frum ",ticie wfiltt'll V.l' Rub Alldrus f<Jf Tile Torollto Sttlr
Ontario Reader· 7997 1m
 E.'t QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS [i WORDS
(i) Answer these questions. (Answers: page 94) Write the correct word in
the blank. (Answers: p. 94)
1. Is Arturo Quinonez from Guatemala? Yes, he is.
2. Does he have a university degree? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ tolerant determined
successful typical
3. Was his first job in Canada on a farm? _ _ _ _ _ __ hope experience
4. Was he the youngest of 11 new police officers? _ _ __ variety degree
interview applied
5. Does he like his new job?
start give up
6. Did he ever lose hope? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
1. Arturo Quinonez was
(ii) Now, write questions for these answers. very determined
1. When did Quinonez come to Canada ? In 1986.
2. He didn't _ _ __
2. Where ? In St. Catharines.
3. How many ? Three children. 3. He never lost _ __
4. What ? Myra.
4. His experience was
5. When ? In August, 1995. _ _ _ _ _ _ of many
newcomers to Canada.

m WHAT DO YOU ENJOY DOING? 5. He had a university

V' Correct: Quinonez enjoys helping people.
V' Correct: Quinonez likes helping people.
6. He had years of
V' Correct: Quinonez likes@help people. professional _ _ _ __
X Incorrect: Quinonez enjoys@ help people.
7. In Canada, he had to
Write the correct form of the verb in the blank. (Answers: p. 94) _____ all over again.
cook drive go listen play read run stlldy watch
8. He has had a _ __
1. I like to watch T. V.
of jobs in Canada.
2. She enjoys _ _ _ _ _ _ to music.
3. He enjoys his new car. 9. He for a
job as a police officer.
4. They like tq swimming.
5. He likes to Chinese food. 10. The first time, he
didn't get an _ _ _ __
6. She enjoys her own business.
7. Does he like to soccer? 11. Finally, he was
8. Do they like to English?
9. Do you enjoy this book?
12. His experience in
What do you enjoy doing? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ Canada has helped him
become more _ _ __

IDl Ont·y;n Reader· 7997

 10 ways to look for a job
Most jobs are not advertised. You have to go out and find them.
Here are some ways to look for work.
***
o Go to a Canada
Employment Centre (CEC).
Register and talk to a
counsellor. Check the job
board regularly.

o Focus on the kind of

companies that need your
skills and experience. Make a
list of potential employers to
contact. A good place to start
is the Yellow Pages of the
phone book. They have the
names of many different
companies. You can also get
inform,ation at the library.
It has business directories
and journals. Ask the
. librarian for help. Checking job possibilities at a Canada Employment Centre.

o Contact employers directly. you can say that someone have a trade or a profession.
Walk into a company and told you to call. Look in the Yellow Pages
ask for an interview or under "Employment
appointment. If you don't o Look for "Help Wanted" Agencies." Choose agencies
get one, leave your resume signs in the windows of stores that specialize in your
and get the name of the and businesses. Also check profession. Some agencies
person who does the hiring. bulletin boards in community charge a fee, so ask first. You
Call back in a few days. It centres, supermarkets, and can also contact professional
takes courage to just walk other public places. and trade associations. They
into a company, but it shows are listed in the phone book.
that you really want to work. o Ask at construction sites. You can also get information
Ask at new office buildings, about them at the library.
o Check the job ads (adver- factories and businesses.
tisements) in the newspaper. Listen to the news for new o Apply at companies that
Get the newspaper early in companies moving to your hire temporary or part-time
the day. Good jobs go fast. area. workers. You will have a better
chance at getting a permanent
o Use your personal network o Go to factories in industrial position if you are already
of family, friends, neighbours, areas. Ask if they have jobs. working for a company part-
or anyone you meet. Ask if Fill out application forms. time or temporarily. Some
they know someone who employment agencies
might hire you. It's always o Contact private specialize in temporary jobs.
easier to get an interview if employment agencies if you Check the Yellow Pages.
.: (lllt't'l/\ ,'rilll('( 101 <),'(tnio, I/)()-I. Rt'/J/(ldUtt',/lrifll fl(f/III\\ifJlI.

/"'\..-1-..- ... :.- n ........ -l ........ _ 10()7 RI

 rJ PUT IT TOGETHER
Match the beginning of the sentence on the left with the remainder of the sentence
on the right. Check your answers on page 51.
1. Focus on the kind of companies for an interview or appointment.
2. A good place to start under "Employment Agencies."
3. Walk into a company and ask in the newspaper.
4. Leave your resume and get the name family and friends.
S. Check the job ads that need your skills and experience.
6. Use your personal network of in the windows of stores and businesses.
7. It's always easier to get an interview is the Yellow Pages of the phone book.
8. Look for "Help Wanted" signs new companies moving to your area.
9. Listen to the news for application forms.
10. Look in the Yellow Pages centres, supermarkets and other public places.
11. Apply at companies that hire temporary of the person who does the hiring.
12. Check bulletin boards in community if you can say that someone told you to call.
13. Go to factories and fill out or part-time workers.

m WORDS
Write the correct word in the blank. (Answers: page 94)
apply application employ ernployer employees employment
d(Jpoilltmellt hire resLime skills
1, My _---=e::.-=m--'-=p-'-lo::...yL.e::.-=r~_laid off 20 people last week.
2. The company is expanding. It's going to SO new workers.
3. My brother has an for a job interview tomorrow.
4. He has an excellent record, but interviews make him very nervous.
S. My sister is taking a course to improve her computer _ _ _ _ _ __
6. She is also going to prepare a and send it to potential employers.
7. My friends own a clothing factory. They _ _ _ _ _ _ over 100 people.
8. The _ _ _ _ _ _ at the factory are very happy with the pay and working conditions.
9. I'd like to _ _ _ _ _ for a job as a salesperson. Do you have any _ _ _ _ _ forms?

IrA Ontario Reader· 7997

 Life on the
highway
** Wilmer and Barry
Kornelson are long-distance
truck drivers. They drive
about 400,000 kilometres a
year to cities across Canada.
The Kornelsons are father
and son. They take turns
driving their I8-wheel tractor
trailer. When one is driving,
the other is sleeping. Six
hours driving. Six hours
sleeping. All day, every day,
until they reach their
destination. Once they get QUEBEC
there, they usually pick up
a new trailer and start on
another trip.
Wilmer, 63, has been a
truck driver for more than
40 years. He says that drivers I
have to spend long hours on II'
the road to make a living. Toronto to Vancouver:
4,400 kilometres in 60 hours
"When the wheels ain't
turnin', we ain't earnin',"
he says. road are moose and black ice. Barry says they eat a lot in
It's a hard life, especially Wilmer says moose are the this job. There are no regular
for drivers who have families. worst. Hitting a moose can meal times. They just eat
Most drivers are lucky to cause a serious accident, even when they are hungry.
have six or seven days at with a truck that is 22 metres "Irregular food, irregular
home a month. long and weighs 36,000 kilos. hours. You get used to it,"
The Kornelsons' home is After each six-hour shift, he says.
in Winnipeg. Barry, 22, gets the Kornelsons check the Wilmer loves the country-
homesick sometimes. He tires and brakes. Sometimes side they pass through,
misses his friends. they have to stop at highway especially the mountains in
The Kornelsons make inspection stations. They also British Columbia. "You have
regular trips between Toronto have to keep a careful record to take time to smell the
and Vancouver. They drive of their driving times. Each roses," he says. "Otherwise,
the 4,400 kilometres in 60 driver is permitted to drive driving is just a job." And for
hours. They drive night and only 70 hours in eight days. Wilmer, driving is more than
day through fog, rain, snow, Inside the truck, they have a job. It's his life.
all kinds of weather. They see their own little world. There's
a lot of traffic accidents, but a sleeper cab with a bed. Adapted wit" rami.HiotJ - 1Immto Sfllr .\.l'lIdkl1/t'
A''''ptatiotJ 10 QUt't"'\ Prill/a (ilf ()ml"io. 19<15. Rt'pmdflu'd
their biggest dangers on the There's also a small fridge. witll f'1'rmio;s;oll.

Ontario Rpnr/pr. 7 QQ 7 m
Pi! CHECK THE FACTS
GEQGRAPHM
Each sentence has one word or fact that is not correct. C. When the Kornelsons
Find the mistake and correct it. (Answers: page 53) drive from Toronto to
400,000 Vancouver, they pass
1. The Kornelsons drive about ~ilometres a year. through these cities. Put
2. Barry Kornelson is Wilmer's father. the cities in the correct
order. Check your answers
3. The Kornelson's home is in Regina. on page 53.
4. Their tractor trailer has 8 wheels.
1 Toronto
5. The distance from Toronto to Vancouver is 5,400 km.
6. It takes the Kornelsons 72 hours to make the trip. ___ Regina
7. They take turns driving four-hour shifts. - - - Sault Ste. Marie
8. The biggest dangers on the road are mice and black ice. _ _ Winnipeg
9. The Kornelsons have regular meal times.
_ _ Kenora
_ _ Thunder Bay
III WORDS AND IDIOMS (Answers: p. 94)
(i) Match these idioms and expressions with the explanations. _ _ Calgary

_ _ "When the wheels ain't turnin', we ain't earnin'." _ _ Sudbury

_ _ "Irregular food, irregular hours. YOli get llsed to it."
9 Vancouver
"You have to take time to smell tile roses."
_ _ They take turns driving their I8-wheel tractor trailer.
1. First one drives, then the other. D. What province is each
2. You become accustomed to it. of these cities in?
3. When they aren't driving, they aren't making money. Toronto
4. You have to enjoy life.
Vancouver
(ii) Write the correct word in the blank.
Regina
accidellt dangers destillation especially homesick
inspection record shift spelld Calgary
1. The Kornelsons drive until they reach their _ _ _ __
Sudbury
2. Truck drivers have to _ _ _ _ long hours on the road.
3. It's a hard life, for drivers who have families. Winnipeg
4. Barry misses his friends. He gets _ _ __
5. The biggest on the road are moose and black ice.
Can you name one other
6. Hitting a moose can cause a serious _ _ __ city that is in each
7. After each six-hour , they check the brakes. of the above provinces?
8. They have to keep a careful of their driving time.
9. Sometimes they stop at highway stations.
m Ontario Reader· 7997
 How much does it cost to drive a car?
*** Driving a car is
expensive. The average
Canadian will pay $7,353 to
operate a vehicle in 1996-97.
The Canadian Automobile
Association (CAA) based
these cost estimates on a
1996 Chevrolet Cavalier LS
four-door sedan. The CAA
assumed a driving distance
of 18,000 kilometres a year.
The chart below shows a
breakdown of the expenses.
Quebec has the highest
driving costs in Canada.
Ontario has the second
highest. Alberta has the
lowest driving costs in the
country.
OPERATING COSTS OWNERSHIP COSTS
Accessories in cents per kilometre for one year
The CAA used a 1996
Chevrolet Cavalier LS for its Gas and oil ......... 5.82 cents Insurance ................. $1,164
cost estimates. The car had Maintenance ...... 2.23 cents Licence, registration ... $119
a 2.2 litre, 4-cylinder engine.
Tires ................... 0.95 cents Depreciation ............ $3,586
It was equipped with the
following standard and Total ................. 9.00 cents Finance expense ......... $864
optional accessories: Costs for18,OOO km: $1,620 Total ...................... $5,733
• automatic transmission
• power steering TOTAL ANNUAL COSTS: $7,353 or 40.9 cents per kilometre
• power disc brakes
• AM-FM stereo
• rear window defroster
• speed control Explanations
• tilt steering wheel
• engine block heater • Maintenance: Keeping a car in good condition.
• heavy-duty battery. • Depreciation: The difference between the price you paid for
Standard accessory: your car (purchase price), and the lower price you get if you
equipment that comes with sell it (selling price).
the car; you don't pay extra • Finance expense: The cost of borrowing money. The CAA
for it. calculated 10% interest on a four-year loan with a 20%
down payment.
Optional accessory: (option)
equipment that you choose; • Cost estimate: Approximately (about) how much
you pay extra for it. something will cost.
 rl WHAT'S THE ANSWER?
Answer the following questions. Check your answers on page 55.
1. How much will the average Canadian pay to operate a car in 1996-97? _ _ _ _ __
2. What are the ownership costs for one year? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
3. What are the operating costs per kilometre? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4. Which province has the highest driving costs?
5. Which province has the lowest? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6. What things did the CAA look at to calculate the ownership costs? _ _ _ _ _ _ __

7. What kind of car did the CAA use to calculate the costs? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
8. What driving distance per year did the CAA assume? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
9. Do you own a car? _ _ _ _ What kind of car do you have? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
10. If you could chose any car, what kind of car would you like to have? _ _ _ _ _ __
11. What options would you like to have in a car? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

m WORDS
Match these words with the definitions. Then use each word in a sentence. You can do this
in a group or on your own. (Answers: page 94)
~extra 1. money you borrow
maintenance 2. the cost of borrowing money; interest charges
_ _ depreciation 3. the approximate cost of something
cost estimate 4. car, truck
_ _ finance expense 5. every year
vehicle 6. keeping something in good condition.
annual 7. buy
loan 8. additional
_ _ purchase 9. the difference between the price you paid for something and
the lower price you get if you sell it.

m FIGURE IT OUT (Answers: page 93)

1. The total cost of your new car is $20,000. You are making a down payment of $5,000
and taking out a loan for the rest. The interest rate on the loan is 9% per year. How much
interest will you pay a year? How much is that per month? _ _ _ _ __
2. Using the CAA figures, how much does it cost to drive 28,000 km a year? _ _ _ _ __
~ Ontario Reader· 7997
 One big happy family
A. Stawicki(furulllu St,,,
Father, Peter Rebello, is sixth from right.
Mother, Louise, is third from right.
*** Peter and Louise Rebello are an
exceptional couple. In Canada, the average
couple has 1. 7 children. The Rebellos have 11.
The Rebellos, both 47, live in Metro
Toronto. Their youngest child, Sarah, is
three. Their oldest, Paul, is 23. He just
graduated from university.
The Rebellos love having a big family.
Louise says it's wonderful to have II a lot of
people around you who care about you. You
learn so much in a large family. The kids
learn to share and get along with each other."
What about all the work?
People think having 11 children is 11
times as much work, but it's not, says Louise.
Everybody helps with the housework. And
the older kJds help the younger ones.
W1zat about space?
It's not a problem, says Peter. III know
people whose children's space is their room.
And for some, their space is their dresser. In
our case, their space is their shelf and their
school bag. Space is relative."
W1zat about the cost?
Money is the easiest part, says Peter, who
* Peter and Louise Rebello have 11
children. Their youngest child is three
years old. Their oldest is 23.
The Rebellos live in Metro Toronto.
They love having a big family.
sells building supplies. IIWhen you need it,
something comes along."
The family buys their food in bulk. They
get used clothes from friends and
neighbours. The older kids also have part-
time jobs.
The Rebellos don't see their large family
as a hardship.
"I wouldn't trade this for anything," says
Louise. Adapted witll I'l'rlllis.,iulI - Turullto Star S,vlldiCi/te.
AI/aptlltioll <D Q""""'S prilltcr, 1995. Rel/ru'/Ilced witll permissiull.
DID YOU KNOW?' ::
• In Canada, only o!le in nine families
has five or more people. By the year 2016,
this may drop to one in 25 families.
• 44% of Canadians think two children is .
the ideal number. In 1945, 60% thought
that four or more children was ideal.
Ontario Reader· 1997 m
E1 WHAT'S MISSING? mSAME MEANING
Complete the sentences about the Rebello family. Write the Match these words with
missing word in its correct form. Check your answers on p. 57. the words in italics in
the sentences below.
1. The Rebellos love having a big family. (Answers: page 94)
2. Their _ _ _ _ _ _ child is three. ~ expense
exceptional
3. Their _ _ _ _ _ _ child is 23. get along
4. He just _ _ _ _ _ _ from university. hardship
ideal
S. The kids help the younger ones.
in bulk
6. Everybody with the housework. trade
7. The kids learn to get along with _ _ _ _ _ _ other. used
8. Money is the _ _ _ _ _ _ part, says Peter. wonderful

9. "When you need it, something _ _ _ _ _ _ along." 1. The Rebellos don't see
their large family as a
10. The older kids have _ _ _ _ _ _ jobs. difficulty.
11. "I _ _ _ _ _ _ trade this for anything," says Louise. 2. The family buys their
food in large quantities.
3. They get second-hand
mYOUR FAMilY clothes from family and
friends.
1. How many children do you have? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4. Louise says it's
2. How many children do your parents have? _ _ _ _..,-- marvelolls to have a lot of
people around.
3. How many children do your grandparents have? _ __
s. Peter doesn't worry
4. What do you think is the ideal number of children? _ _ about the cost of a large
family.
S. Why do 'you think people are having smaller families?
6. Many Candians think
that two children is the
perfect number.
6. What are some advantages of a large family?
7. The kids are good with
each other. They cooperate.
7. What are some disadvantages of a large family? 8. Louise would not
exchange her life for
anything.
8. Who does the housework in your home? 9. Peter and Louise
Rebello :m.) a 11lli1711C eOLmie. ,
 30 MILLION CANADIANS

(.!,;.",: t/' ~:~~~1~~:W~~·\tJ~..

** In September, 1996, Canada's • Population: 19,mil!iofl,;;
population reached 30 million. • . . . . ':'f';l'!~,1;;"?' '~:'~;';·/·;~i"'~:'
Average age. 36"'\)";;:iVq"
When Canada became a nation in 1867, .: ,g'~lt~i:~.r\'.~~(~;,'ti\!~i . . .\:
....,
the population was just over three million.
That was about one-tenth of the
• Fertility
i."
rate::l:t.
birt,~s 'P~rYtPrn~n' .
. ' -~..; ~?! f ~';f~; ,..; ,~,: J~'\~~"/~~~f~~~\ '{~.~:;?: .'t':i~.: ·~,t>. ; .,' .,'", .~.

population of Britain or France. Today, • Ufe expectancy':" 81 for women;' 75 for men*
;f~. r t·~,:: .···r ',~ ': .' : J{~\ ~-~ ::#~>~.~':.<::} -:':~~':'_?~·r'·~t·· '. .
Canada's population is about half the
<

population of these countries. • Fastest growing' province: Britisti Columbia

''i ::. . .~ \,";/ f ~~:( ;, ,,' .

• Fastest growing city: Oshawa, Ontario

Low fertility rate . " v>':

·FOf' f't!Ilpl~ /Jom In 199/1 ~e: StJJtJstlcs Canadd

Canada's population has grown very .

fast. But it is starting to slow down. The

fertility rate is only 1.7 births per woman.
In 1959, it was 3.9.
By the year 2030, there will be more
deaths than births. After that,
immigration will be the only source
of population growth.
Today, hqlf of Canada's population
growth is from immigration.
Aging population
Canada's population is getting old.
By 2016, about 16% of the population
will be 65 or older. By 2041, the figure
will be about 23%. There are about 3.5
million senior citizens in Canada today.
In 2041, there will be almost 11 million.
This raises an important question.
How will Camda's working population
support the sccial needs of so many senio;Q
Life expectancy increasing
Canadians can expect to live longer.
The average life expectancy for people
who were born in 1994 is 78.2 years.
For women, the life expectancy is 81 year~ .
For men it is 7'5.
Japan has tte highest life expectancy in
the world: 83.3 years for women and 76.6
years for men.

Ontario Reader • . 997 lID

 RR:ACl1CE P:AGE

ri.1 TRUE OR FALSE?

Read these sentences. Write T (true) or F (false) in the blank. If the sentence is false, correct
the mistake. (Answers: page 94)
ten
1. F Canada's population is~times what it was in 1867.
2. Today, a quarter of Canada's population growth is from immigration.
3. By the year 2030, there will be more deaths than births.
4. There are about 3.5 million senior citizens in Canada today.
5. In the year 2041, there will be almost 21 million seniors in Canada.
6. The average life expectancy for Canadian women is greater than it is for men.
7. Ottawa is the fastest growing city in the country.
8. Ontario's population is not growing as fast as British Columbia's.
9. The fertility rate today is greater than in 1959.

m TOBE
The story 1/30 million Canadians" often uses the verb be. Write the correct form of be
in the blanks. You can check your answers on page 59.
In September, 1996, Canada's population reached 30 million.
When Canada became a nation in 1867, the population was just over three million.
That about one-tenth of the population of Britain or France. Today, Canada's
population about half the population of these countries.
Low fertility rate
Canada's population has grown very fast. But it starting to slow down.
The fertility rate only 1.7 births per woman. In 1959, it 3.9.
By the year 2030, there more deaths than births. After that, immigration
_ _ _ _ the only source of population growth.
Today, half of Canada's population growth from immigration.
Aging pop~lation
Canada's population getting old. By 2016, 16(Yo of the population _ _ __
65 or older. By 2041, the figure about 23Q'6. There about 3.5 million
senior citizens in Canada today. In 2041, there almost 11 million.
This raises an important question. How will Canada's working population support the
social needs of so many seniors?
Life expectancy increasing
Canadians can expect to live longer.
The average life expectancy for people who born in 1994 78.2
years. For women, the life expectancy 81 years. For men it 75.
Japan has the highest life expectancy in the w~rld: 83.3 years for women and 76.6 for men.
 Saying
* Sam Ghazouli came to
Canada from Egypt. He
started a successful business
here. Ghazouli feels lucky to
be in Canada. He wants to
help other immigrants. He
gave $75,000 to Skills for
Change. It is an agency in
Toronto. It helps immigrants
learn job skills and adjust to
life in Canada. Sam Ghazouli (back) stands in front of the Skills for Change
building with Ratna Omidvar, Executive Director of the agency.
*** Sam Ghazouli's mother, Elaine, always
reminded him how lucky he had been in
Canada.
"Whenever I told her I had achieved some-
thing, or got a promotion, she always used to
say: 'Don't forget those who are less fortunate.
Don't forget those who cannot make it.' "
He didn't forget. Last spring, Ghazouli
gave $75,000 to Skills for Change, an agency
in Toronto that helps new immigrants.
Elaine Ghazouli knew about life's struggles.
Her husband died when she was 29. She was
left with five children to raise in Egypt.
Eventually, her son Sam came to Canada.
He worked as a pharmacist for a big
pharmaceutical and cosmetics firm. Later, he
started hi~ own company in Richmond Hill.
It supplies perfume, jewellery and liquor to
duty-free shops across North America.
Ghazouli's mother joined him in Canada
in 1964, at the age of SO. She soon enrolled
in a social work course. Then she worked for
many years at a home for unwed mothers in
Edmonton. She died in 1991.
Ghazouli said his mother appreciated life
in Canada. She valued the health and social
services and the opportunities for women.
When Sam Ghazouli established his
business, he put 10 per cent of the shares in
the Elaine Ghazouli Charitable Foundation.
The money from the foundation is used to
help immigrants adjust to Canadian life.
He donated the $75,000 to Skills for
Change because of its work with new
immigrants and refugees. The agency provides
language and office training. It teaches skills
that help immigrants find work.
Adapt{'t/ with permis... iull -.Toronto St", SYlldimte
IMMIGRATION PLAN -199T
** Canada will accept tip
to 220,000
immigrants and refugees 1n 1997. That's.
about the same as in 1996. But this year,
there will be 20,000 fewer immigrants in
the faIIlily category: Here is the 1997 plan:
Econornic* .. ~:.~~~~.'...~ ..f\1:~2,00,0 to 113,000
FamilY**:'.!~"!H:;?:~!.:~,.~".'~:~ ...::S'8,400 to 66,200
Other ... ~: ...... ~.'~.~~.~.~:~ ..:...:.. :~: ... L ....... 8,500
.•
Refuge~s' .. ::·: ... :.\.'~n.: ~~::~:'26,1 00 to 32,300
TOTAL ..•.•... ~.:~~~.:.~ .... 195,000 to 220,000
,. skilled workers, business immigrants and their dependants
** spouses, fiances, children, parents, grandparents
SOURCE: Citizl'llsllip and ImmigratiolJ Cmmdd
Ontario Reader· 7997 m
 PRACTICE, PAGf~ ;jj;

m HELPING .NEWCOMERS [i SAME MEANING

Write the missing words in the blanks. (Answers on page 61) Match these words with
the words in italics in
Sam Ghazouli _ _ _ _ _ _ to Canada from Egypt. the sentences below.
(Answers: p. 94)
He a successful business here. Ghazouli
~ adjust
_ _ _ _ _ _ lucky to be in Canada. He wants to
_ _ _ _ _ _ other immigrants. He _ _ _ _ _ __ donated

$75,000 to Skills for Change. It _ _ _ _ _ _ an agency enrolled

in Toronto. It helps immigrants learn job skills and established

_ _ _ _ _ _ to life in Canada. fortunate

_ _ helps
_ _ struggles
1m WHAT'S THE ANSWER?
_ _ supplies
Write the answers in the blanks. (Check answers on page 61)
1. Did Sam Ghazouli start a business in Egypt? _ _ __ unwed

2. Did he forget his mother's advice?

1. Elaine Ghazouli knew
3. Did Elaine Ghazouli have five children? about life's difficulties.
4. Did Elaine join her son in Edmonton? 2. The program helps
5. Did she value life in Canada? immigrants adapt to life
in Canada.
6. Is Elaine Ghazouli still alive?
7. What advice did Elaine Gahzouli give to her son? 3. Sam Ghazouli has
been lucky in his life.
4. She registered in a
8. What happened to Elaine when she was 29?
social work course.
5. She worked in a home
9. What did Elaine do when she came to Canada? for unmarried mothers.
6. Ghazouli started a new
10. What did Elaine appreciate about Canada? business.
7. His company provides
11. What does Sam Ghazouli's company do? perfume and liquor to
duty-free shops.

12. What does the Elaine Ghazouli Charitable Foundation do? 8. He gave $75,000 to
Skills for Change
9. The agency assists new
13. What does Skills for Change do? immigrants.

m Ontario Reader· 7997

 Racism fig hters
honoured
** Linelle Mogado and Jakeet Singh were
winners of the Lincoln M. Alexander Award.
The Award honours young people who fight
against racism.
Mogado, 22, is from Markham. Since she was
a teenager, she has educated other people
about the harm of racism and discrimination.
She has written articles in a publication for
Filipino Canadians. She has also given
workshops on racism and women's rights.
Jakeet Singh, 18, is from Waterloo. Since
Grade 9, he has been very active in anti-
racism education.
Lincoln Alexander, former Lieutenant-
Governor of Ontario, gave the winners a
framed award and $2,500. He said they AWARDS: Linelle Mogado, left, and Jakeet Singh
"enhanced the quality of life" for everyone receive anti-racism awards from Lincoln Alexander.
in 0 n tari o. Ad<lpted witl/perminioll - TOfOllto Star SYlldicate

THE. ONTARIO HUMAN RIGHTS CODE

*** The Ontario Human single, divorced, etc. or union representative.

Rights Code is a law that • and other reasons. Write down what everyone
protects people against The Human Rights Code says. If your supervisor
discrimination. forbids discrimination in discriminated against you,
Discrimination happens • getting services (in stores, speak to the supervisor's
when you are treated unfairly restaurants, etc.) boss or the employer. If your
or differently from other • renting or buying a place employer is the problem, get
people. to live help outside of the company.
In Ontario, it is against the • working or looking for It is a good idea to complain
law to discriminate against work. in writing. Include details
a person because of: and ask for a written answer.
What to do if someone Keep a copy of all these notes.
• race: White, Black,
Asian, etc.
discriminates against you S. Get help. Talk to a lawyer
• colour: the colour of a 1. Write down what or community legal clinic.
person's skin happened. You can also complain to
• ethnic origin: Korean, 2. Make a copy of anything the Ontario Human Rights
Portuguese, German, etc. that shows you were Commission. It is listed in
• creed: religion discriminated against. the blue pages of the phone
• sex: female or male 3. Write down the names of book, Government of
• handicap: physical or people who might have seen Ontario section, "Citizenship,
mental disability what happened. Culture and Recreation-
• age: how old a person is 4. If it happened at work, talk Ministry of, Ontario Human
• marital status: married, to your employer, supervisor Rights Commission."
nntnrin Ponrlor. 1007 R1
 eRltC1!ICEtRAGEf "

mPUT IT TOGETHER
Match the beginning of the sentence on the left with the remainder of the sentence on
the right. Check your answers in the story "Racism fighters honoured" on page 63.

1. Linelle Mogado and Jakeet Singh were from Waterloo.

2. The Award honours young people
3. Mogado, 22, is
4. She has educated other people about
S. She has also given workshops
6. Jakeet Singh, 18, is
7. He has been very
8. Lincoln Alexander gave the winners
9. He said they "enhanced the quality of life"
from Markham.
for everyone in Ontario.
winners of the Lin'coln M. Alexander Award.
a framed award and $2,SOO.
who fight against racism.
the harm of racism and discrimination.
active in anti-racism education.
on racism and women's rights.

III ONTARIO HUMAN RIGHTS CODE

Write the missing words in the blanks. Check your answers on page 63.
The Ontario Huma1l Rights Code is a that protects people against discrimination.
Discrimination happens when you are treated or differently from other people.
In Ontario, it is the law to discriminate against a person because of:
• : White, Black, Asian, etc.
• colour: the colour of a person's _ _ _ _ __
• ethnic : Korean, Portuguese, German, etc.
• : religion
• sex: or male
• handicap: physical or mental _ _ _ _ __
• ______ : how old a person is
• marital : married, single, divorced, etc.
• and other reasons.
The Hllman Rights Code discrimination in
 Canada second in
World Cup
* For many years, Canada
was number one in world
hocke~Butthatchangedin
September, 1996.
Teams from eight
countries played in the
World Cup of Hockey.
Canada and the United
States played in the final
game. The United States
won. The score was 5 - 2.
Canadian hockey fans are
still in shock.
National Hockey
league
* The best professional
hockey players are in the
National Hockey League
(NHL).
The players come from
many different countries-
Canada, U.S.A., Russia,
Sweden, Finland and others.
About 60(~''b of the NHL
players are Canadian.
The NHL has 26 teams.
Seven teams are in Canadian
cities. Nineteen are in
American cities.
Each team plays 82 games.
At the end 'of the season, the
best teams go to the playoffs.
The winner gets the Stanley
Cup.
~
:2
~
~
~
'----------------~---'"
American goalie stops shot by Canadian player.
, .~. HISillGJRM OF HOCKE.~
** People first played stick and ball games on ice in
northern England. British soldiers brought these games
to Canada in the early 1800s.
• In 1855, soldiers in Kingston played the first game of
ice hockey. They wore skates with long blades. They
used field hockey sticks and a ball.
• In 1864, a Canadian manufacturer built skates with
short blades. This made it easier to stop and turn on the
ice. Ice hockey became more popular.
• In 1875, university students in Montreal made up
some rules for the game. They also played with a
wooden puck instead of a ball. After that, many hockey
teams were organized in cities across Canada.
• In 1893, Canada's Governor General, Lord Stanley,
donated a trophy for the national hockey championship.
The first Stanley Cup game was played on March 22, 1894.
• The National Hockey League was established in 1917.
For many years there were only six teams in the NHL.
In 1967, the league added six new teams from the
United States. Later, the league expanded to 26 teams.
• Today, professional and amateur hockey are popular
around the world.
Ontario Reader· 7997 m
 rlI HOW MUCH DO YOU REMEMBER? m HOCKEY WORDS
Answer these questions about the World Cup of Hockey Write the correct word in
and the NHL. Check your answers on page 65. the blank. (Answers: p. 94)
8 game goalie
1. How many teams played in the 1996 World Cup?
players playoffs
2. Who played in the final game?
professional puck
3. Who won the final game? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ score season
4. What was the score? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ skate winner
5. How many teams are in the NHL? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
1. A hockey game
6. How many NHL teams are in Canadian cities? _ _ __ is 60 minutes long.
7. How many games does each team play? _ _ _ _ _ __
2. Each team can have
8. What percentage of NHL players are from Canada?_ _ six _ _ _ _ _ _ on
the ice.

mHISTORY OF HOCKEY 3. Players try to shoot a

Put this information in the correct order. (Answers: page 65) - - - - - into the net.

D The National Hockey League was established in 1917.

For many years there were only six teams in the NHL.
In 1967, the league added six new teams from the United
4. The player who is in
the net is the _ _ _ __

States. Later, the league expanded to 26 teams. 5. Hockey players

_ _ _ _ _ _ very fast.
D In 1875, university students in Montreal made up
some rules for the game. They also played with a
wooden puck instead of a ball. After that, many hockey 6. What was the final
teams were organized in cities across Canada. - - - - - -?

D In 1855, soldiers in Kingston played the first game of

ice hockey. They wore skates with long blades. They
used field hockey sticks and a ball.
7. The regular hockey
- - - - - - is from
October to April.
D Today, professional and amateur hockey are popular
around the world. 8. The best teams go to
the _ _ _ _ __
D In 1864, a Canadian manufacturer built skates with
short blades. This made it easier to stop and turn on
the ice. Ice hockey became more popular. 9. The _ _ _ _ __
gets the Stanley Cup.
f1I People first played stick and ball games on ice in
LJ northern England. British soldiers brought these games 10. The best _ _ _ __
to Canada in the early 1800s.
hockey players are in the

D In 1893, Canada's Governor General, Lord Stanley,

donated a trophy for the national hockey championship.
The first Stanley Cup game was played on March 22, 1894.
NHL.

ma Ontario Reader. 1997

 Mushing on Main Street
** Minden, Ontario, is
usually a sleepy town. But
for two days in the winter, it
becomes a very lively place.
Every January, several
thousand people crowd
Minden's Main Street. They
come to watch the Minden
Sled Dog Derby. It is one of
the biggest sled dog events
in the world.
Teams come from all over
North America. They
compete for the $25,000
grand prize.
The races are for distances
of four or eight miles (1 mile
equals 1.6 kilometres). The
dogs run in teams of four or
eight dogs. Their driver is
called a musher. LET'S GO! An 8-dog team races down Minden's Main Street.
Each race begins and ends The race is part of the annual Minden Sled Dog Derby.
on Main Street. The Several thousand visitors come to watch the races.
atmosphere is very exciting.
The spectators love it. The
townspeople love it, too.
The Derby does a lot for the
town's economy.
After the races, Minden
returns to normal. It's just a
quiet town off Highway 35,
200 kilometres north of
Toronto.
Adtlptt'd U'itlll'emlhsiotJ - Tfmmto Star Syudicate

FRIGID FACTS
Coldest place in Ontario: Moosonee.
Snowiest place in Onta~io: Midland, averige 3~.lcm a}e~r
Second coldest capital city in the world: 9ttawa ~:.,
Earliest snowfall ever recorded in Toronto: Sept. 20, }9$6
Latest snowfall ever recorded in Toronto: June 1, 1945',:.:·
r,

Ontario Reader. 1997 nfJ

 mYES OR NO? (Answers: p. 94)
Write the correct word in the blank. Then answer the question. C. Make a list of things
Is Are Does Do you like about winter.

1. Is ·Minden usually a sleepy town? Yes, it is

2. the Sled Dog Derby a small event? _ _ _ _ __

3. teams come from all over North America? _ __
4. _ _ the spectators enjoy the races? _ _ _ _ _ __ Make a list of things you
S. the races exciting? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ don't like about winter.

6. the townspeople happy about the Derby? _ __

7. the Sled Dog Derby hurt Minden's economy?_ _
8. each race end on Highway 35? _ _ _ _ _ __
9. _ _ life in Minden go back to normal after the Derby?_ D. Circle the words that
are about winter. Can you
think of any others? (p.94)
mCOLDEST, HOTTEST, SNOWIEST picnic ~
Moosonee is the coldest place in Ontario gloves flowers
sandals scarf
Adjectives that have one syllable or end in the letter y, form the
superlative by adding est. For example: blizzard beach
• cold - coldest snowmobile canoe
• snowy - snowiest (y changes to i) freezing Illimid
• hot - hottest (some adjectives double the final letter). warm cold
skate ski
Write the superlative form of these adjective in the blanks.
swim shiver
cold hot short long rainy early late snowy (p. 94)

1. Moosonee is the coldest place in Ontario. E. Here are some popular

winter and summer
2. Midland is the place in Ontario. activities. Circle the winter
activities. Can you think
3. The snowfall in Toronto was on Sept. 20, 1956. of an others? (Answers: p. 94)
4. The snowfall in Toronto was on June I, 1945. skating sailing
5. February is the month of the year. gardening curling
skiing golfing
6. August is usually the month of the year.
camping ice fishi1lg
7. The spring of 1996 was the since 1840.
tobogganing swimming
8. The night of the year is on December 21. hockey baseball

M:I Ontario Reader· 1997

 Canada
best place
in the world
to live
United Nations
study looked at
174 countries

A. Wong

*** The United Nations says Canada is the best place in

the world to live. TOP TEN COUNTRIES
The U.N. compared 174 countries using the 1996 Human TO LIVE IN
Development Index. The index measures income, education
and life expectancy.
Canada does not rank first in any of these categories. But 1. Canada
Canada's combined score is the highest in the world - 95.1 2. United States
per cent. The United States is second with 94 per cent. Japan
and the Netherlands are tied for third with 93.8 per cent. 3. Japan
The United States is the richest country in the world. The 4. Netherlands
average American makes $5,072 more per year than the
average Canadian. 5. Norway
Japan has the highest life expectancy. The Japanese live an 6. Finland
average of two years longer than Canadians.
Although Canada ranked first overall, the U.N. reported 7. France
some problems. Compared to other developed countries: 8. Iceland
• Canada has one of the highest youth unemployment rates. 9. Sweden
• Canada has one of the largest gaps between rich and poor. 10. Spain
• Canada consumes more energy per person than any other SOllrce: UN HIIlIlllll DeveloplIlellt Report 1996
country except the United States.
• Canada has the third highest rate of drug crime.
• Canada has one of the lowest proportions of scientists
and researchers.
Adapted witiJ pamissi(JIl - Turufl(u Stllr Syl/dical!'

Ontario Reader· 7997 l3D

 B TRUE OR FALSE?
Read these sentences. Write T (true) or (F) false in the blank. If the sentence is false! correct
the mistake. (Answers: page 94)
~L~!,ion5
F _ The United ~l~ says Canada is the best place in the world to live.
1. _ _
2. _ _ _ The Human Development Index measures income! education and quality of life.
3. _ _ _ Canada ranks first in all three categories.
4. _ _ _ Canada!s combined score is the highest in the world.
S. _ _ _ Japan and the Netherlands are tied for third.
6. _ _ _ England is in the top ten countries.
7. _ _ _ The average American makes less per year than the average Canadian.
8. _ _ _ The Japanese live about two years longer than Canadians.
9. _ _ _ Although Canada ranks first overall, we have some problems.
10. _ _ _ Canada has one of the smallest gaps between rich and poor.
11. _ _ _ Canada consumes more energy per person than the United States.
12. _ _ _ Young people in Canada have an easy time finding work.

III FINISH THE SENTENCES

Check your answers in the story on page 69.
1. The United Nations says that Canada is the best place in the world to live
2. The U.N. compared 174 countries using the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

3. Canada's combined score is the

----------------------------
4. Japan and the Netherlands are ___________________________
S. The United States is the richest _______________________-
6.Japanhastheh~he~-----__________________________- - -

7. Canada has one of the highest youth _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- -

8. Canada has one of the largest gaps between,___________________- -

9. Canada consumes more energy per person than any other country_ _ _ _- - -
10. Canda has the third highest __________________________- - -

-------_&&-£_ ..
,1'\
'l,
"~;". 6!J Ontario Reader· 7997
~;''''''0,~",.'' _&l1li2_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
 DATES TO REMEMBER - 1997
* These are some important
dates, celebrations and holidays
in 1997. The days mark~d with
a star (*) are public holidays in
Ontario. Government, banks
and most businesses are closed
on these days.
New Year's Day* ............. Jan. 1
Valentine's Day ........... ~ Feb. 14
Good Friday* ............... Mar. 28
Easter .......................... Mar. 30
Time Change ....a.h;~~.l.'!~II:..... Apr. 6
Mother's Day ............... May 11
Victoria Day* ............... May 19
Father's Day ................. June 15
Canada Day* .................. July 1
Civic Holiday ................ Aug. 4.
Labour Day* ................. Sept. 1
Thanksgiving Day* ....... Oct. 13
Time Chahge ... !'::~!~.o~;... Oct. 26
Halloween ................... Oct. 31
Remembrance Day ..... Nov. 11
Christmas* ................... Dec. 25
Boxing Day* ................ Dec. 26
Valentine's Day
* February 14 is Valentine's
Day. It is a day of love and
romance. Couples give each
other gifts such as roses or
chocolates. Children give
each other Valentine's Day
cards at school.
The Valentine's Day
tradition began in Italy in
the third century. At that time, young men were
forbidden to marry because they had to join the
army. But a priest secretly married many young
couples. The priest's name was Valentino.
Valentino died on February 14 in the year 270 A.D.
Thanksgiving
* Canada's first Thanksgiving Day
was in Halifax in 1763. It was a day
to give thanks for a good harvest.
Today, people celebrate with
a big family dinner. The
traditional dinner is roast
turkey with pumpkin pie
for dessert. Thanksgiving
Day is a public holiday.
Halloween
* Halloween is a fall festival
and a special day for children.
Children wear costumes and
masks. After dark, they go door-
to-door and ask for candies.
They say "trick or treat."
Adults enjoy Halloween, too.·
Some people carve pumpkins,
or they go to costume parties.
Halloween started in ancient
times. People lit fires and wore
costumes to scare away winter
and its evil spirits.
 r! CHECK THE FACTS mWHAT'S MISSING?
Each sentence has one (i) Write the Illissitlg words in the blanks. Check your
word or fact that is not answers in "V.lktllitlL'·S Day" on page 71.
correct. Find the mistake .~ Valentine's Day. It is a day of
and correct it. Check your February 1·'
answers on page 71. .\11.1 romance. Couples give each other
_slll'h as roses or chocolates. Children give
1. Thanksgiving Day is
on October ?N.in 1997. each other V.lklll illl"S Day cards school.
13
The Valen I i I \l"s 1\ly tradition in Italy in
2. Canada Day is not a the third cenlur\', :\t that time, young men were forbidden
public holiday.
to _ _ __ bL'cause they had to join the army.

3. On Halloween, But a priest Sl'lTl't h' _ _ _ _ _ _ many young couples.

children go door-to-door The priest's tl.ltlll' _ Valentino.
before dark. ._ _ on February 14 in the year 270 A.D.
Valentino

4. Canada's first
Thanksgiving Day was in (ii) Write the Im~s:ng words in the blanks. Check your
Montreal in 1763. answers in .. rh.ll\~s.::iYing" nn page 71.
Canada's lilst rh.lllksgiYing Day was ___ Halifax _ _
S. Valentine's Day is on
1763. It was .l \1.\\ ~I.) gh'e thanks for a good _ _ _ _ __
March 14.
Today, peol'!.: with a big family dinner.
6. Government offices are The traditil'l1.d ,:::~nt'r is roast turkey with pumpkin pie for
open on public holidays. :·:~.\:lk.sgiYing Day is a _ _ _ _ _ holiday.

7. In April, we move our

clocks back one hour. (iii) Write th' :-:,::,,::lg words in the blanks. Check your
answers in ~ L!::.'\\ t't,'n" on page 71.
8. The traditional Hallowl'l':-: :~ .: :.~J festiYal and a day for
Thanksgiving dinner is children. l':;::'::';.':~ costumes and masks.
roast duck.
After - - __. they go door-to-door and ask for

9. Children give each candies. Th'\ ,:\ ':rick or _ _ _ _ _ _ 1/

other money on Adults _ _ Halloween, too. Some people
Valentine's Day.
carve pum:"::~' ,': they go to costume _ _ _ _ _-
HallowL'c: <.::.~.J _ _ ancient times. People lit fires an,
wore costl::~:~" :: <.He ,1\\'ay winter and its _ _ _- spirits.

m Ontario Reader· 7997

-----;;~.-
 MULTICULTURAL, HOLIDAYS -
* These are some of the many
holidays celebrated by
Canadians from different
cultures and religions. .
Orthodox Christmas (Christian)
January 7
Ramadan begins (Islam)
January 10
Chinese/Vietnamese New Year
February 7
International Women's Day (UN.)
March 8
St. Patrick's Day (Irish)
March 17
Naw Ruz (Baha'i, Zoroastrian)
March 21
Holi (Hindu)
March 24
Easter (Christian)
March 30
Baisakhi (Sikh)
April 13
Saka New Year (Buddhist)
April 14
Diwali (Hindu/Sikh)
October 30
Hanukkah begins (Jewish)
December 24
Kwanzaa (African)
December 26
1997
Ukrainian Christmas
* Many Ukrainians
and Orthodox Christians
celebrate Christmas on
January 7.
In their tradition, they
have a big dinner on
Christmas Eve Gan. 6).
The dinner starts when
the first star comes out.
There is always a wheat
sheaf on the table. All
the food is from the
land or water. There are
no meat dishes. Early on CUlIrtesylallMcAlpi'It'iKillgstcJIJ WI,ig-Stalldard
Christmas morning, the family goes to church.
Chinese & Vietnamese New Year
* February 7 is the start
of the new year in the
Chinese lunar (moon)
calendar.
People celebrate for
several days. In some
cities, there are parades
with dragon costumes
and firecrackers. Children
get "lucky money" in red
envelopes.
1997 is the Year of
the Ox.
Diwali
* Diwali is an important
holiday for Hindus and
Sikhs. In 1997, Diwali is
on October 30.
Hindus call Diwali the
Festival of Lights. People
decorate their homes and
temples with lights. They
celebrate with food ,
music and dancing.
- - - - II!!'II!!'II
 mWHAT'S MISSING? m MATCH IT UP
(i) Write the missing words in the blanks. Check your Match each of these
answers in "Ukrainian Christmas" on page 73. holidays with the religion
or culture below. Check
Many Ukrainians and Orthodox Christians celebrate your answers on page 73.
Christmas on January 7.
__9_ St. Patrick's Day
In their _ _ _ _ _ _ , they have a big dinner on
- - - Ramadan
Christmas Eve aan. 6). The dinner starts _ _ _ _ the first
___ NawRuz
star comes out. There is always a wheat sheaf the
table. All the food is from the or water. ___ Holi

There _______ no meat dishes. Early on Christmas - - - Easter

morning, the family goes to _ _ _ _ _ __
- - - Baisakhi
___ Saka New Year
(ii) Write the missing words in the blanks. Check your
___ Hanukkah
answers in "Chinese & Vietnamese New Year" on page 73.

February 7 is the start _ _ _ the new year _ _ _ the - - - Kwanzaa

Chinese lunar (moon) calendar.

People celebrate ____ several days. In some cities, l. Buddhist

there are parades dragon costumes and firecrackers. 2. Hindu

Children get "lucky money" ____ red envelopes. 3. Christian
1997 is the Year _ _ _ the Ox.
4. Islam

s. Jewish
(iii) vVrite the missing words in the blanks. Check your
answers in "Diwali" on page 73. 6. Sikh

Diwali is an _ _ _ _ _ _ holiday for Hindus and Sikhs. 7. Baha'i

_____ 1997, Diwali is on October 30. 8. African
Hindus call Diwali the Festival of - - - - - - - 9. Irish
People their homes and temples with
lights. They celebrate with food, and
dancing.
fJJ Ontario Reader· 1997
 /
/

Canada Quiz
Answer these questions about Canada.
All of the answers are from the stories
in Ontario Reader. (Answers: p. 94)

2. Who was the first Prime Minister of Canada? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

3. Who is the Prime Minister of Canada today? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

4. How many provinces does Canada have? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

S. What is the fastest growing province in Canada? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

6. What is the name of the province between Alberta and Manitoba? _ _ _ _ _ _ __

7. How far is it from Toronto to Vancouver? - - - - - - - - - - -

8. What is the population of Canada? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

9. How many immigrants will come to Canada in 19977 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

10. What is the biggest city in Canada? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

11. What is the capital city of Canada? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

12. How much does it cost to produce a Canadian penny? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

13. What symbol is on the Canadian 2S-cent coin? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

14. Who is the Prime Minister on the $S-bill? - - - - - - - - - - -

15. What is the name of Canada's national police force? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___

16. How old is the average Canadian? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

17. How much time per week does the average Canadian spend shopping for groceries? _ _

18. How many Canadian cities have teams in the National Hockey League? _ _ _ _ __

19. How many medals did Canada win in the 1996 Summer Olympics? _ _ _ _ _ _ __

20. What was Canada's rank in the United Nation's 1996 comparison of 174 countries? _____
Ontnrio Rpnripr. 7997 m
 J

CANADA CROSSWORD '

ACROSS
2. abbreviation for Canada's Pacific province
4. ----- minister
S. month of Canada's birthday
6. city in Saskatchewan
8. maple ----
10. popular winter sport in Canada
13. Canada stretches from sea to ---.
14. In 1997, Canada will be 130 years ---.
15. symbol on the nickel

DOWN
1. William Lyon Mackenzie ----
2. Jean Chretien has ---- Prime Minister since 1993.
3. Itlast popular day for grocery shopping in Canada
6. colour in Canada's flag
7. province west of Saskatchewan
9. Canadians won three ---- medals at the 1996 Olympics.
11. polar ----
12. Canada is at the --- of the V.N.'s list of good countries to live in.

Answers: page 94

fld Ontario Reader· 1997

Ontario Quiz ,
Circle the correct answer for these questions
about Ontario. All of the answers are from the
•
stories in Ontario Reader. (Answers: p. 94)

1. Who is the Premier of Ontario?

GMike Harris b. Dalton McGuinty c. Howard Hampton
2. Where is the Ontario Legislature?
a. High Park, Toronto b. Queen's Park, Ottawa c. Queen's Park, Toronto
3. What are Ontario's elected representatives called?
a. MPs b. PMs c. MPPs
4. Who is the Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario?
a. Romeo LeBlanc b. Barbara Hall c. Hilary Weston
5. What is the capital City of Ontario?
a. Ottawa b. Toronto c. Niagara Falls
6. Approximately how many municipalities are there in Ontario?
a. SOO b. ISO c. I,SOO
7. How many farms are there in Ontario?
a. IS,OOO b. 6S,000 c. 9S,000
S. What is Ontario's most important crop?
a. corn b. tobacco c. soybeans (soya beans)
9. What does it cost to register a business name in Ontario?
a. $200 b. $100 c. $60
10. How much is Ontario's Retail Sales Tax?
a. 7(y'i> b. S(Y!! c. 15%
1l. What is Ontario's general minimum wage?
a. $7.50 an hour b. $5.75 an hour c. $6.S5 an hour
12. What is Ontario's rent control guideline for 1997?
a. 2.S(Yh b. 4(y'i> c. 3%
13. What is the coldest place in Ontario?
a. Guelph b. Moosonee c. Minden
14. What is the snowiest place in Ontario?
a. Kitchener b. Midland c. Ottawa
IS. What Ontario city is the fastest growing city in Canada?
a. Toronto b. Hamilton c. Oshawa
 ',ONTARIQ CROSSWORD

ACROSS
3. Ontario's police
5. The Conservatives won 82 ----- in the last Ontario election.
7. Ontario's minimum wage is $6.85 -- hour.
8. Ontario government offices are listed in the ---- pages of the
phone book.
9. Windsor and London are two ------ in southwestern Ontario.
11. Great Lake that borders on Ontario
15. Ontario city near the Manitoba border
16. Ontario's farms generate about $50 ------- in economic activity.

DOWN
1. When you go to the hospital, you need your Ontario ------ card.
2. Ontario -- the most populated province in Canada.
4. Toronto's name means "meeting -----."
6. The Ontario government is changing the ---- control system.
9. Ontario Human Rights ----
10. Ottawa is -- Ontario
12. an important crop for Ontario
13. Queen's ----
14. Ontario's workers' compensation system helps people
~ho a~e injured on the ___. ' 1

Answers: page 94

fiJ Ontario Reader· 1997

 What's the tORic?
The stories in Ontario Reader are about many different topics. A list of some
of the topics is below. Write the title of one story for each of these topics.
Some stories may fit into more than one topic.

TOPIC TITLE

Agricul ture Bad year for Ontario farmers

Business

Celebrations

Driving

Education

Emergencies

Employment

Family

Food

Government

History

Housing

Immigration

Job search

Occupations

People-

Police

Population

Sports
Weather

Ontario Reader· 1997 fIl

 Which photo is it?
There are a lot of photos in Ontario Reader. Descriptions of some of the photos are
below. Find these photos in the book, then write the page number next to the
description. Write your own description for .each photo. (Answers: p. 94)

PHOTO DESCRIPTION PAGE YOUR DESCRIPTION OF PHOTO

1. Snowy street 67 Person walking alone in winter

2. Seven happy people

3. Gold medal rowers

4. Eight dogs running

S. Thirteen family members

6. Inside of a truck

7. Celebration on the street

8. Award winners
,
9. Politicians

10. Famous Toronto landmark

11. Mother and son business partners

12. A lot of coins

13. Injured man

14. Woman in hospital

15. Man and child in supermarket

16. Tofu on a tray

17. Man cleaning floor

18. Police officer at night

19. Teenager at computer

20. Happy husband and wife

f:ul Ontario Reader. 7997

 Irregular verbs
Below is a list of some irregular verbs that are used in Ontario Reader.
Write the correct past tense form of the verb in the blank.
Can you add any more irregular verbs to the list? (Answers: p. 94)

PRESENT PAST
become became 1. Rosie Gumieniak came to Canada in 1976.

begin began 2. Jayson Watson from the 23rd floor of a bUilding.

build built 3. Sam Ghazouli $75,000 to Skills for Change.

come came 4. Last January, I to the Minden Sled Dog Derby.

do did 5. In 1793, the British the town of York.

fall fell 6. Arturo Quinonez a police officer in 1995.

give gave 7. Marc his father was kidding about the lottery.

go went 8. Donovan Bailey a gold medal at the 1996 Olympics.

grow grew 9. The hockey game an hour ago.

know knew 10. Ontario farmers corn and other crops last summer.

make made 11. In his last job, my brother the minimum wage.

pay paid 12. Kelvin Kwan, 5, what to do in an emergency.

say said 13. Mr. Denuzzo his family that he had won $5 million.

see saw 14. Last month, I $550 for rent.

sell sold 15. Wilmer Kornelson , "Truck driving is a hard life."

spend spent 16. Many tourists a vacation in Toronto last year.

take took 17. Debra Dunlop her products in 350 stores last year.

tell told 18. My family a lot of money on groceries last week.

think thought 19. Bhushan Sethi an opportunity for a n~w business.

win won 20. Mr. Sethi's business very well.

nnfnrin Ronrlor. 1997 r:II

 New words
Make a list of new words you have learned from Ontario Reader.
Write a definition for each word, or use the word in a sentence.
WORD DEFINITION OR SENTENCE

m Ontario Reader· 7997

WORD DEFINITION OR SENTENCE

Ontario Reader· 7997 m

 Ontario Reader is designed to provide a language learning resource
that is flexible, stimulating and informative.
Ontario Reader can be used with a wide range of learners. The
content is generally within the high-beginner to intermediate levels,
and it is easily adaptable for beginner learners. Ontario Reader is
particularly useful for multi-level classes. With the help of a bilingual
dictionary and the answer key, it can also be used for self-study.
The reading material will appeal to the interests of many learners.
The stories and information articles provide an introduction to a
variety of topics and themes which can be explored further through
discussion or follow-up lessons. The numerous photos are useful for
discussion, vocabulary development, pre-reading and other activities.
The following explains some of the components of Ontario Reader
and presents some ideas on how to use this book effectively.

Graded articles
The stories/articles are graded at three levels of difficulty. The one-
star (*) articles are the easiest and the three-star (***) articles are
the most difficult. However, this grading system is only a guideline.
It does not mean that beginner readers should be restricted to one-
star articles. With proper preparation, even beginners can read a
three-star article or use parts of it for language learning. The section
on pre-reading gives some suggestions to assist you. As a further aid,
some of the articles are written at two different levels. A one-star
version of the article acts as a bridge to a more difficult version on
the same page.
The key criterion for using an article is its relevance and interest to
the learners. The following are some of the considerations that the
grading is based on:

Topic - Is it concrete or abstract? Would most of the readers be

familiar with this topic?

Vocabulary - Are the key words concrete or abstract? Are they

. common words?

Structure and grammar- Are the sentences short, simple? Is the

article lengthy, short? Are the grammatical structures complex? Are
they commonly used?

Visual aids- Does the accompanying photo or illustration help to

contextualize or clarify the content of the article?

Ontario Reader· 7997 nil

 Pre-reading activities
Pre-reading activities will increase the learners' cLances of reading successfully.
They will also help you use the reading material in multi-level settings and with
beginner-level learners. Pre-reading activities are important because they:
• help to establish a context for the reading material;
• raise the learner's interest;
• build confidence by making learners aware of knowledge they already have;
• give learners the opportunity for predicting and making inferences;
• help to clarify vocabulary so that learners can read more fluently with fewer
dictionary interruptions.
The following are some ideas for pre-reading activities.

Titles and captions

Discuss the titles and photo captions. What do they mean? What do you think this
article is about? What do you know about this topic?

Photos
Most of the articles are accompanied by a photo or illustration. Talk about these
with the learners. Use the photos to help learners predict what the article is about.
Encourage this by asking questions.
Start with descriptive questions: What do YOli see in the photo? What are they
doing? Where are they? etc.
Follow this with inference questions: Why do YOIi think they are doing this? Who do
YOll think these people are? etc. Try to establish the ccntext of the article, and most
importantly, try to bring in the learners' experience. ild knowledge of the topic.
Write any key vocabulary that comes out of this ac ivity on the blackboard. You
can supplement this list with other key words from t:le article. Have the learners
scan the article and circle as many of the key words ~,s they can find.

Brainstorm
Learners work in small groups with a piece of large paper and a marker. Each
group brainstorms for vocabulary they already know that is related to the topic of
the article. Later, the groups share their lists and discuss.
The "Word web" activity on page 92 is a variation of this. You can do the word
web with the learners before they read the article.

What do you know?

Learners work in small groups or as a whole class to discuss the topiC of the
article under the headings:
What do YOll know abollt ?
What do YOli want to know about ?

em Ontario Reader· 7997

Reading for general meaning
The following is one way to use an article for general reading practice.
The activities "Get ready, read, remember" and "K-W-L" on pages 90-91 provide
two alternatives for general reading practice.
First reading: After the pre-reading activities, ask the learners to read the article
silently on their own. Encourage the'm not to worry about the meaning of every
word and to read for a general sense of what the article is about. Encourage them
to get the meaning of new words from the context.
When they are finished reading, discuss the article and clarify any vocabulary
problems. If a learner asks what a word means, ask other learners to explain.
Second reading: Write a few general questions about the article on the blackboard.
Learners read the article again (silently). Discuss answers to the questions. Go to
the exercises on the practice page or do a third reading.
Third reading: Have the learners read the article again. Test comprehension with a
short quiz requiring only yes/no answers, or do the exercises on the "practice page."
Follow-up: Here are some options.
• Do the comprehension questions on the practice page, or give the learners your
own comprehension questions. They can write and/or discuss the answers in
groups.
• Pair work: Each learner writes five questions about an article. Partners take turns
asking/answering the questions.
• Students write or retell the story in their own words.
All of the above activities can be done individually, in pairs or in small groups.

Reading for beginners

Try the following with beginner readers:
• Prepare the class well with pre-reading activities.
• Start with one-star articles. In cases where two versions of the same article are on
one page, use the one-star article as a bridge to the more difficult one. Before
attempting the more difficult article, have the learners scan for key words. You can
also work with the title, photo and caption.
• Where there is no one-star article, create your own. Write the key ideas from the
two- or three-star article in short simple sentences. Use your article as a bridge to
the original one.

Scanning
Skimming: reading quickly for the general idea.
Scanning: reading quickly for specific information such as dates, names, prices, etc.
You can help learners develop their scanning skills by giving them specific
information to find in an article. You can expand this by having them scan
through the entire book or sections of the book for the answers to specific
questions.
 The practice pages
The exercises on the practice pages focus on reading comprehension, vocabulary
development, grammar and controlled writing. Because Ontario Reader is intended
for both classroom and self-study use, the exercises are designed mostly for
individual practice. However, learners can do some of the exercises with a partner
or in a small group.

The A" exercise is usually a reading comprehension exercise. Various exercise

II

types are used, including the following:

• Yes or No? - Questions requiring a simple yes or no answer.
• What's the answer? - Comprehension questions: who, what, where, when, why,
etc. These require learners to produce a phrase or sentence as an answer. For this
exercise as well as the "yes or no" exercise, the learners could work in pairs and ask
each other the questions.
• Check the facts - Learners have to read for detail and provide the correct answer.
• True or false? Learners respond to statements about the story with a simple true
or false answer. A variation of this exercise requires the learners to correct the
statement if it is false.
• Put it in order - Learners have to arrange segments of an article and put them
in their original order. This type of exercise can work well as a small group activity.
• What's missing? - Cloze exercises which require learners to fill in the blanks
with the same words that are in the original article.

The liB" exercise generally involves reinforcement of a grammar rule or

controlled writing. The grammar rule always stems from the content of the article
and is only reinforced if the article provides a clear context for it. Useful phrases
and expressions are reinforced in the same way. The controlled writing is always
related to the content of the article. Usually, students can check what they have
written with the original article. The liB" exercise types include:
• Finish the sentence - Learners complete the sentence as it is in the article.
• Fill in the blank - Learners have to provide the correct form of a verb, auxliary
or other part of speech
• Check the grammar - Sentences from the article have been rewritten to include
an underlined grammar mistake. Learners have to identify the mistake and correct it.

There are also a number of exercises to assist vocabulary development. These

include:
• Word list - Learners fill in the blanks in sentences by choosing from a list of
words from the article.
• Word families - As above, but the words in the list are grouped according to
their part of speech.
• Complete the chart - Learners choose from a list of words, or choose words
from the original article and place them in the correct category.
• Matching - Learners match words with definitions, or with synonyms.

Crossword puzzles and other exercise types are used thoughout the book.

i:!:J Ontario Reader. 1997

Additional activities
Here are some ideas for communicative activities to supplement the exercises on
the practice pages. These activities require the learners to work in pairs or small
groups and to use more than one language skill to complete the task.

Listen to a tape
• Tape an article from Ontario Reader.
• Play the tape twice, without discussion.
• Ask or dictate four or five comprehension questions.
• Learners work in small groups to check the questions and write answers based on
what they remember from listening to the tape.
• Ask the groups to open their books, read the article and confirm their answers.

Summarize
• Arrange the class into small groups.
• Each group will read the same article from Ontario Reader. (As an alternative, you
can assign a different article to each group.)
• When they are finished reading the article, the group discusses the article and
clarifies any difficult vocabulary. Then they write a summary of the article on a
large sheet of paper.
• When all the groups have finished, they circulate their summaries or post them
on the wall for all groups to read.

Write questions
• Follow the first two steps in the above "Summarize" activity.
• Instead of writing a summary, each group writes several questions about the
article.
• Each group passes their questions to the next group to answer.
• Then the groups pass their answers back to the original group. The original group
checks the answers.

Jigsaw reading
• Assign each group of three to five people a different article to read.
• Each group reads their article and discusses it .
• The class regroups so that one person from each original group is included in the
new groups .
• Taking turns, each person talks about his or her article to the new group.

Adapted from activities developed by Kathy Sima

 Get ready, read, remember!
Here are some steps to help you understand and remember what you read.
To practice the steps, turn to the story _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Step 1: Get ready to read.

Read the title of the story. Look at the photo.

What do you think the article is about? (What is the topic?)

What do you know about this topic? What words do you think of?

What questions do you have about the story?

Step 2: Read the article.

Does the story answer your questions? Write the answers here.

What else did you learn from the story?

Step 3: Remember the article.

Put the story away. Tell someone else what the story is about.
Or write the story in your own words.

Follow steps 1 to 3 when you read other stories.

Adapted with pennissioll from English Express

1m] Ontario Reader· 1997

K-W-l
K-W-L is a way to ask and answer questions when you read. It is also a way to take
notes when you want to learn about something.
Here is how to do K-W-L. Try it with the story about _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

1. Think about what you already know about _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

Do this before you start to read the article.
Write your ideas on the worksheet under What I know (K).

2. Think about what you want to know about.______________

Write your questions on the worksheet under What I want to know (W).

3. Read the story. See if it answers your questions.

4. After you read the story, think about what you learned. Write this on the
worksheet under What I learned (L).

S. Now you have notes about what you know and what you learned.
You can use your notes to write your own story about _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

K: What I know W: What I want to know L: What I learned

Reprinted with permissioll from English Express. Adapted frolll Carr, E. and Ogle, D. (April, 1987).
K- W-L PillS: A Strategy tor Comprehe11Sion and SlIlIllllarizatioll. !ollmal of Readillg. 3D, 7, pp. 626-31

Ontario Reader· 1997 m

 Word web
This is a useful activity for vocabulary development and speaking practice. It can
be done in pairs, small groups or with the whole class. Choose a theme or topic
that relates to an article in Ontario Reader. Ask the learners to discuss the topic and
write related words on the web. You can provide the sub-topics or the learners can
create them themselves. When they are finished the word web, they can share it
with the rest of the class.

\ /
\ /
\ /
/
\ /
\ /
\ /
\ /

Winter
/ ------~
/ \
/ \
/ \
/ \
/ \
/
/ \

m Ontario Reader· 7997

PAGE 2: B. 1. is 2. is 3. was 4. were 5. will be 6. are
7. will be 8. were 9. was
C. 1. fastest 2. best 3. first 4. new 5. happy
6. successful 7. start 8. won 9. after
PAGE 4: A. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. T 9. F
E. 1. thanked 2. picked 3. moved 4. donated
PAGE 6:
A. 1. no 2. yes 3. yes 4. no 5. no 6. yes 7. yes 8. no 9.yes
C. ACROSS: 5. end 7. eggs 9. to 10. OK 11. sunny
12. we 13. early 15. yes 18. spring 19. fast 20. seed
DOWN: 1. wet 2. cloudy 3. beans 4. ago 6. normal
8. skies 14. last 16. pigs 17. off
PAGE 10: A. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. T 7. F 8. T 9. F
B. 1. Metropolitan Toronto 2. Governor General 3. Member
of Parliament 4. House of Commons 5. Romeo LeBlanc
6. Liberal Party 7. Premier Harris 8. Queen's Park 9. city
hall 10. municipal government 11. telephone book
12. garbage collection
C. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT: Romeo LeBlanc, House of
Commons, Governor General, MP, Prime Minister,
Jean Chretien, Parliament
PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT: Lieutenant-Governor, Hilary
Weston, legislature, Mike Harris, Queen's Park, Premier, MPP
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT: councillor, cities and towns, city
hall, Metro Toronto, mayor, local government, fire department
PAGE 14: A. 1. Did, yes 2. Did, no 3. Did, yes 4. Does, yes
5. Do, yes 6. Does, no 7. Did, yes 8. Did, yes 9. Do, yes
D. retail: 4, wholesale: 3, majority: 10, annual: 2,
entrepreneur: 1, dynamic: 8, create: 6, likely: 5,
full-time job: 7, self-employed: 9
PAGE 16: B. 1. me 2. read 3. employees, work 4. eat 5. you
C. 1. couldn't 2. can 3. couldn't 4. can 5. can't 6. could
7. could 8. can
PAGE 20:
A. 1. no 2. yes 3. no 4. yes 5. no 6. yes 7. yes 8. no 9.yes
B. 1. How much did the old penny cost to produce?
2. How much does the penny cost to produce now?
3. What was the old penny made of?
4. How many pennies did the Mint produce in 1994?
5. When will the Mint change the twoonie?
6. Where was William Lyon Mackenzie King born?
7. Who was Canada's first Prime Minister?
8. When did Canada become a country?
C. Bluenose schooner: 3, Polar bear: 6, Maple leaf: 1,
Loon: 5, Beaver: 2, Caribou: 4
PAGE 20: D. inexpensive: cheap, make: produce,
began: started, assisted: helped, nearly: almost,
nation: country, one-cent coin: penny
PAGE 22:
B. 1. more 2. less 3. lowest 4. highest 5. harder 6. same
C. 1. his 2. her 3. my 4. your 5. their 6. our
D. I've got to: 4, cut back: 5, no one: 8, a raise: 6,
makes: 9, permit: 2, assembles: 1, dropped: 7, increased: 3
PAGE 24: A. 1. 44 2. time and a half 3. 30 4. equal, equal
5. one 6. 4% 7. notice 8. 14 9. 17
PAGE 28: B. 1. how 2. what 3. help 4. where 5. drive
6. buy 7. wear 8. when
PAGE 30: D. 1. medical 2. ambulance 3. medicine 4. allergies
5. allergic 6. pulse 7. pressure 8. treatment 9. patients
PAGE 32: B. 1. How old is Lenna Bradburn? 2. When did she
start police work? 3. How much does she make a year?
4. What is the population of Guelph? 5. How many
languages does George Chen speak? 6. Why did Chen
become a police officer? 7. Where was Sue Borg born?
8. Where is Lenworth Vaz from? 9. What would Eric
Goldsmith like to be?
PAGE 34: C. 1. Crime 2. lawyer 3. law 4. protect 5. criminal
6. permit 7. permission 8. protection 9. identify, identification
PAGE 36: A. 1. public, tax 2. private 3. education
4. trustees, elected 5. elementary 6. half 7. Secondary,
postsecondary 8. community, university 9. Continuing
PAGE 38:
B. Atwood, Dickens, Eliot, Freud, Hemingway, Marques, Marx,
Montgomery, Munro, Oates, Ondaatje, Shakespeare
D. 1. car 2. buy 3. move 4. Can
E. 1. like 2. read 3. watch 4. use 5. listen 6. look
PAGE 40: A. 1. Is, yes 2. Is, no 3. Is, yes 4. Does, no
5. Does, yes 6. Does, yes 7. Do, yes 8. Do, yes 9. Does, no
PAGE 40: C. ACROSS: 1. spice 3. up 6. dog 8. apples
9. taste 10. sell 11. tonic 15. cook 16. healthy
DOWN: 1. spot 2. expert 4. past 5. all 7. garlic 8. at
10. smell 12. night 13. curry 14. love
PAGE 42: A. GRAIN PRODUCTS: rice, whole wheat bread,
corn flakes, bran muffins, pasta
VEGETABLES & FRUIT: broccoli, asparagus, grapes, apples,
carrots
MILK PRODUCTS: cheese, butter, cream, yogurt, skim milk
MEAT & ALTERNATIVES: turkey, pork, lamb, salmon, lentils
Continued on page 94
Ontario Reader· 1997 PI)
 ANSWER KEY - continued
PAGE 44: A. 1.45 2. Thursday 3. Sunday 4.82% 5. $51
6. three or more
B. 1. less 2. more 3. less 4. more 5. less 6. less 7. more
C. 1. Baked 2. beverages 3. Poultry 4. Dairy
5. ingredients 6. artificial 7. previously 8. brands 9. fresh
PAGE 46: B. 1. has, been, since 2. has, been, for
3. has, been, since 4. has, been, since 5. have, been, for
6. have, been, for
C. 1. specializes 2. specialty 3. owns 4. owner 5. products
6. produces 7. decided 8. decision 9. combination
10. combines
PAGE 48: A. 1. F, provincial government 2. F, once a year
3. T 4. F, will not change 5. T 6. T 7. F, vacant apartments
8. T 9. F, less housing 10. F, will not remove
11. F, cannot tell you 12. T
B. 1. renters 2. rental 3. rent 4. rents 5. vacancy
6. vacant 7. evict 8. eviction 9. protection 10. protect
PAGE 50: A. (i) 1. Yes, he is. 2. Yes, he does. 3. Yes, it was.
4. No, he wasn't. 5. Yes, he does. 6. No, he didn't.
A. (ii) 1. When did Quinonez come to Canada? 2. Where did
he settle in Canada? 3. How many children does he have?
3. What is his wife's name? 4. When did Quinonez become a
police officer?
B. 1. watch 2. listening 3. driving 4. go 5. cook
6. running 7. play 8. study 9. reading
C. 1. determined 2. give up 3. hope 4. typical 5. degree
6. experience 7. start 8. variety 9. applied 10. interview
11. successful 12. tolerant
PAGE 52: B. 1. employer 2. hire 3. appointment
4. employment 5. skills 6. resume 7. employ
8. employees 9. apply, application
PAGE 54: B. (i) When the wheels ain't turn in': 3, You get
used to it: 2, take time to smell the roses: 4, take turns: 1
B. (ii) 1. destination 2. spend 3. especially 4. homesick
5. dangers 6. accident 7. shift 8. record 9. inspection
PAGE 56: B. extra: 8, maintenance: 6, depreciation: 9,
cost estimate: 3, finance expense: 2, vehicle: 4, annual: 5,
loan: 1, purchase: 7
C. 1. $1,350 a year (9% of $15,000 equals $1,350), $112.50 a
month 2. $11,452 (28,000 times 40.9 cents equals $11,452)
PAGE 58: C. expense: 5, exceptional: 9, get along: 7,
hardship: 1, ideal: 6, in bulk: 2, trade: 8, used: 3,
wonderful: 4
PAGE 60: A. 1. F, ten times 2. F, half of Canada's population
3. T 4. T 5. F, 77 million seniors 6. T 7. F, Oshawa 8. T
9. F, less than in 1959
m Ontario Reader· 7997
PAGE 62: C. adjust: 2, donated: 8, enrolled: 4,
established: 6, fortunate: 3, helps: 9, struggles: 1,
supplies: 7, unwed: 5
PAGE 66: C. 1. game 2. players 3. puck 4. goalie 5. skate
6. score 7. season 8. playoffs 9. winner 10. professional
PAGE 68: A. 1. Is - Yes, it is. 2. Is - No, it isn't
3. Do - Yes, they do. 4. Do - Yes, they do. 5. Are - Yes,
they are. 6. Are - Yes, they are. 7. Does - No, it doesn't.
8. Does - No, it doesn't. 9. Does - Yes, it does.
B. 1. coldest 2. snowiest 3. earliest 4. latest 5. shortest
6. hottest 7. rainiest 8. longest
D. ice, gloves, scarf, blizzard, snowmobile, freezing, cold,
skate, ski, shiver
E. skating, curling, skiing, ice fishing, tobogganing, hockey
PAGE 70: A: 1. F, United Nations 2. F, education and life
expectancy 3. F, does not rank first, OR, ranks first overall
4. T 5. T 6. F, is not in the top ten 7. F, more per year
8. T 9. T 10. F, largest gaps 11. F, less energy per person
12. F, do not ha., ,In easy time OR, have a difficult time
PAGE 75: CANA, \ QUIZ: 1. july 1, 1867 2. Sir john A.
Macdonald 3. jeln Chretien 4. 10 5. British Columbia
6. Saskatchewan 7.4,400 kilometres 8.30 million
9. 195,000 to 220,000 10. Toronto 11. Ottawa
12. 0.9 cents 1 3. caribou 14. Sir Wilfred Laurier
15. Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) 16. 36
17.45 minutes 1? 7 19.22 20. number one, first
PAGE 76: CANADA CROSSWORD
ACROSS: 2. B.C. 4. Prime 5. july 6. Regina 8. leaf
10. hockey 13. sea 14. old 15. beaver
DOWN: 1. King 2. been 3. Sunday 6. red 7, Alberta
9. gold 11. bear 12. top
PAGE 77: ONTARIO QUIZ: 1. a. Mike Harris 2. c. Queen's
Park, Toronto 3. c. MPPs 4. c. Hilary Weston 5. b. Toronto
6. a. 800 7. b. 68,000 8. c. soybeans 9. c. $60 10. b. 8%
11. c. $6.85 12. a. 2.8% 13. b. Moosonee 14. b. Midland
15. c. Oshawa
PAGE 78: ONTARIO CROSSWORD
ACROSS: 3. O.P.P. 5. seats 7. an 8. blue 9. cities
11. Huron 15. Kenora 16. billion
DOWN: 1. health 2. is 4. place 6. rent 9. Code 10. in
12.com 13.Park 14.job
PAGE 80: WHICH PHOTO IS IT? 1. p67, 2. p3, 3. p1,
4. p67, 5. p57, 6. p53, 7. p73, 8. p63, 9. p9, 10. pll,
1l.p15, 12.p19, 13.p21, 14.p27, 15.p43, 16.p45,
17. p21, 18. p33, 19. p37, 20. p49
PAGE 81: IRREGULAR VERBS: 1. came 2. fell 3. gave
4. went 5. built 6. became 7. thought 8. won 9. began
10. grew 11. made 12. knew 13. told 14. paid 15. said
16. took 17. sold 18. spent 19. saw 20, did