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CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
CRIMINAL EVIDENCE
SPECIAL LAWS
COMPILED BY:
Criminal Law is that branch or division of law which defines crimes, treats of their nature, and provides
for
their punishment.
The Revised Penal Code took effect on January 1, 1932 (Art. 1, RPC).
Criminal Law has three main characteristics, namely (1) general, (2) territorial, and (3) prospective.
A.
General Application
It has General application because Criminal Law is binding on all persons who reside or sojourn in
Philippine territory.
Art. 2 of the Revised Penal Code states that the provisions of this Code shall be enforced within the
Philippine Archipelago, including its atmosphere, interior waters and maritime zone, without reference
to the
person or persons who might violate any of its provisions.
Art. 14 of the Civil Code provides that penal laws shall be obligatory upon all who live or sojourn in
Philippine territory.
There are cases where our Criminal Law does not apply even if the crime is committed by a person
(1)
The opening sentence of Art. 2 of the Revised Penal Code says that the provisions of this Code shall be
enforced within the Philippine Archipelago, .except as provided in the treaties and laws of preferential
application..
(2)
Art. 14 of the Revised Penal Code provides that penal laws and those of public security and safety shall
be obligatory upon all who live or sojourn in Philippine territory, subject to the principles of public
(a)
our Criminal Law is the Base Agreement entered into by and between the Philippines and the
USA on March 14, 1947 stipulating that .the Philippines consents that the US have the right to
exercise jurisdiction over some particular offenses. However, the said Military Bases
(b)
It is a law to penalize acts which would impair the proper observance by the Republic
and inhabitants of the Philippines of the immunities, rights, and privileges of duly accredited