Unit IV Exam

Reviewer

Mathematics 53

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman)

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 1 / 16

 Z
Evaluate cot x(cot x − tan x) dx

Z Z
cot x(cot x − tan x) dx = (cot2 x − 1) dx
Z
= (csc2 x − 1 − 1) dx
Z
= (csc2 x − 2) dx
= − cot x − 2x + C

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 2 / 16

 Z
Evaluate x5 (x3 − 1)8 dx

Let u = x3 − 1. This implies that

1
(1) du = 3x2 dx or 3 du = x2 dx and
(2) x3 = u + 1.

Z Z
5 3 8
x (x − 1) dx = x3 (x3 − 1)8 x2 dx
 
1
Z
8
= (u + 1)u du
3
1
Z
= (u9 + u8 ) du
3
1 u10 u9
 
= + +C
3 10 9
1 (x3 − 1)10 ( x3 − 1 ) 9
 
= + +C
3 10 9

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 3 / 16

 Z 1
Evaluate (|2 − 3x| + 1) dx
0

2

 2 − 3x x ≤ 3
We first take note that |2 − 3x| =
2
−2 + 3x x >

3

Z 1 Z 2 Z 1
3
(|2 − 3x| + 1) dx = (2 − 3x + 1) dx + 2
(−2 + 3x + 1) dx
0 0 3
Z 2 Z 1
3
= (3 − 3x) dx + 2
(−1 + 3x) dx
0 3
 2 1
3x2  3 3x2 
 
= 3x − + −x +
2 0 2 2
3
   
2 1 11
= 2− −0 + −0 =
3 2 6

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 4 / 16

 π 2/16
√
sec2 x
Z
Evaluate √ dx
π 2/36 x

√ 1
Let u = x. This implies du = √ dx. Also,
2 x

π2 π π2 π
x= −→ u = and x= −→ u =
36 6 16 4

π 2/16
√ π/4
sec2 x
Z Z π/4 
2
√ dx = 2 sec u du = 2 tan u

π 2/36 x π /6 
π/6
π π
= 2 tan − 2 tan
√4 6
2 3
= 2−
3

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 5 / 16

 Find b such that the average value of h(x) = 3x2 on [0, b] is equal to 1.

Since h(x) = 3x2 is continuous in R, then h is also continuous on [0, b].

By the MVT for integrals,
Z b b
3x2 dx x3 

b3
have = 0
= 0
= = b2
b−0 b b

Therefore, b2 = 1 which implies that b = ±1.

But since b > 0, then b = 1.

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 6 / 16

 Z tan x
cos(t − 1)
Given G(x) = dt. Find:
4
πx
t

(a) G(π/4) (b) G0 (π/4)

Z 1
cos(t − 1)
(a) G(π/4) = dt = 0
1 t
Z 1 Z tan x
cos(t − 1) cos(t − 1)
(b) G(x) = dt + dt
4
πx
t 1 t
Z 4x Z tan x
π cos(t − 1) cos(t − 1)
G(x) = − dt + dt
1 t   1 t
cos( 4x
π − 1) 4 cos(tan x − 1)  2 
G0 (x ) = − 4x
+ sec x
π
π tan x
4
G0 (π/4) = − + 2
π

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 7 / 16

 Elsa threw her crown upwards with an initial velocity of 24 ft/s, from a
height of 40 ft. From the same height at the same time, she released her
cape and just let it go. Assume that no other forces except acceleration due
gravity of -32 ft/s2 affects the crown and cape.
1 What is the maximum height of the crown?
2 Which item is moving faster at time t = 1. Explain your answer.

acrown (t) = −32

scrown (t) = −16t2 + 24t + C2
vcrown (t) = −32t + C1
scrown (0) = C2 = 40
vcrown (0) = C1 = 24
scrown (t) = −16t2 + 24t + 40
vcrown (t) = −32t + 24

3
When maximum height is achieved, vcrown (t) = 0. This gives t = 4 sec
and thus the maximum height is scrown (0.75) = 49 feet.

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 8 / 16

 Elsa threw her crown upwards with an initial velocity of 24 ft/s, from a
height of 40 ft. From the same height at the same time, she released her
cape and just let it go. Assume that no other forces except acceleration due
gravity of -32 ft/s2 affects the crown and cape.
1 What is the maximum height of the crown?
2 Which item is moving faster at time t = 1. Explain your answer.

acape (t) = −32

scape (t) = −16t2 + C2
vcape (t) = −32t + C1
scape (0) = C2 = 40
vcape (0) = C1 = 0
scape (t) = −16t2 + 40
vcape (t) = −32t

At time t = 1, vcrown (1) = −8 ft/s while vcape (1) = −32 ft/s so the cape
is moving faster at t = 1.
Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 9 / 16
 y Let R be the region bounded by the
graphs y = 2x3 + 2, y = x + 3 and
(1, 4) the x-axis. Set-up the integral
1. the definite integral for the area
of R
y = x+3
2. the definite integral for the
perimeter of R
y = 2x3 + 2
R 3. the definite integral for the
volume of the solid generated
when R is revolved about
(−3, 0) (−1, 0) x
(a) y = 0 using cylindrical shells
(b) x = 1 using washers

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 10 / 16

 y Area of R: The best method uses
horizontal strips. So our integral is
(1, 4) in terms of y.

Z 4 r !
y = x+3 3 y−2
AR = − (y − 3) dy
0 2
y = 2x3 + 2
R
If we use vertical strips,
Z −1
(−3, 0) (−1, 0) x AR = ((x + 3) − 0) dx +
Z 1 −3 
(x + 3) − (2x3 + 3) dx
−1

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 11 / 16

 y Perimeter of R: We set-up with
respect to x.
(1, 4)

LR = (−1 − (−3))
y = x+3 Z 1 q
+ 1 + (1)2 dx
−3
y = 2x3 + 2
R Z 1 q
+ 1 + (6x2 )2 dx
−1
(−3, 0) (−1, 0) x

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 12 / 16

 y Volume of the SOR when R is
revolved about y = 0 using
(1, 4) cylindrical shells

V = 2π r h w
y = x+3 R

VR
y = 2x3 + 2 Z 4 r !
3 y−2
= 2π y − (y − 3) dy
y=0 0 2
(−3, 0) (−1, 0) x

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 13 / 16

 y x=1 Volume of the SOR when R is
revolved about x = 1 using washers
(1, 4)

V = π (r22 − r21 ) h

y = x+3 R

VR
y = 2x3 + 2
Z 4  2
= π 1 − (y − 3)
0
(−3, 0) (−1, 0) x  q 2 #
3 y−2
− 1− 2 dy

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 14 / 16

 More items for review

I. Evaluate the following integrals.

x5 x csc2 (tan x2 )
Z Z
1. dx 3. dx
(x + 1)4
3 cos2 (x2 )
Z Z 0 √
3
2. sin x(1 + sin x cos x) dx 4. sec x tan x 2 − sec x dx
π/3

II. Let R be the region bounded by the graphs of x = 1 − y2 ,

x + y + 1 = 0, and the x-axis. Set-up the definite integral(s) for
1 the area of R.
2 the perimeter of R.
3 the volume of the solid formed when R is revolved about x = 1 using

(a) disk/washers method; and (b) cylindrical shell method.

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 15 / 16

 GOOD LUCK!!

Institute of Mathematics (UP Diliman) Fourth Exam Reviewer Mathematics 53 16 / 16