1)logname: it shows current username

2)pwd: Present working directory which means current folder in linux

3)date: it display system date and time

4)clear: to clear the screen

5)cal: current month calendar we can call month and year along with cal
command ex: cal 5 1984 which displays may month 1984

6)uname: os name

7)uname -r: displays kernal version

8)hostname: displays server name

9)hostname -i: display server ip address

10)who: it shows list of connect user in that server

11)who am i: current logged user info

12)su: switch username from one user into another user ex:su - username

13)exit: logout from current user logged in

14)man command name: help of the given command

WORKING WITH FILES:

1)cat: which is use to create a new file or open to view existing files

2)cat>>filename: appending data to these file

3)$touch filename: which create an empty file with zero kb

FILE DELETION:

1)rm: to delete the file

2)rm -rf: delete the files forcibly

3)rm -i: delete the file with user conformation

4)rm file1 file2: deleting multiple files

WORKING WITH DIRECTORIES:

1)mkdir: to create a new directory (Directory is nothing but a drive or folders)

in linux

2)cd dirname: to change a directory

3)cd .. : to moves from current directory into previous directory

4)cd: to come out entire directory

5)cd /: it changes the root directory

REMOVING DIRECTORIES:

1)rmdir: to removing directory it must be empty

2)rm -r direcname: it deletes recursively to entire structure

3)rm -ri direcname: it deletes recursively to entire structure with user

conformation

4)rm -rf direcname: it deletes recursively to entire structure with forcibly

COPY COMMANDS

1)cp sourcefile targetfile: copying file from existing location into new location

MOVING COMMANDS

1)mv old file newlocation: using these command we can move a file from one
folder into another folder or we can rename file also

VIEWING FILE COMMANDS

1)ls : it's listing files which are in that directory with ascending order

2)ls -a: listed all files including hidden files also

3)ls -l: listed all files in long list format i.e 9 field

4)ls -t: listed all files based on date and time of creation

5)ls -r: listed all files on descending order or sin reverse

6)ls -R: listed all files recursively

CREATING HIDDEN FILES

1)cat>.filename

2)mv filename .filename

3)mkdir .dirname

UNHIDE FILES

1)mv .emp emp

2)mv .dirname dirname