Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A: Inadequate Alveolar Ventilation: Causes of Respiratory Acidosis (Classified by Mechanism)
A: Inadequate Alveolar Ventilation: Causes of Respiratory Acidosis (Classified by Mechanism)
Guillain-Barre syndrome
Myasthenia gravis
Muscle relaxant drugs
Toxins eg organophosphates, snake venom
Various myopathies
Acute on COAD
Chest trauma -flail chest, contusion, haemothorax
Pneumothorax
Diaphragmatic paralysis or splinting
Pulmonary oedema
Adult respiratory distress syndrome
Restrictive lung disease
Aspiration
Airway Disorders
External Factors
Malignant Hyperthermia
Head Injury
Stroke
Anxiety-hyperventilation syndrome (psychogenic)
Other 'supra-tentorial' causes (pain, fear, stress, voluntary)
Various drugs (eg analeptics, propanidid, salicylate intoxicati
on)
Various endogenous compounds (eg progesterone during pregnancy, cytokines during sepsis,
toxins in patients with chronic liver disease)
Pulmonary Embolism
Pneumonia
Asthma
Pulmonary oedema (all types)
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Alcoholic ketoacidosis
Starvation ketoacidosis
2. Lactic Acidosis
3. Renal Failure
Uraemic acidosis
Acidosis with acute renal failure
4. Toxins
Ethylene glycol
Methanol
Salicylates
1. Renal Causes
2. GIT Causes
Severe diarrhoea
Uretero-enterostomy or Obstructed ileal conduit
Drainage of pancreatic or biliary secretions
Small bowel fistula
3. Other Causes
Milk-alkali syndrome
Excessive NaHCO3 intake
Recovery phase from organic acidosis (excess regeneration of HCO3)
Massive blood transfusion (due metabolism of citrate)
B: Chloride Depletion
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Cushing’s syndrome
Secondary hyperaldosteronism
Some drugs (eg carbenoxolone)
Kaliuretic diuretics
Excessive licorice intake (glycyrrhizic acid)
Bartter's syndrome 1
D: Other Disorders
Severe hypoalbuminaemia 5