THERMODYNAMICS EXERCISES

1. Two moles of the ideal gas is confined under a constant pressure, Pop = p = 200 kPa. The
temperature is changed from 150 °C to 50 °C. Cv = R. Calculate W, Q, and U.
2. Three moles of an ideal gas Cv = 22.8 J/K mol, is transformed at constant volume from 0°C to
75 °C. Calculate Q, W, U and H.
3. Calculate H and U for the transformation of two mole of an ideal gas from 27 °C and 1
atm to 327 °C and 17 atm. Cp = 20.9 + 0.042 T J/K mol.
4. At 25 °C the coefficient of thermal expansion of water is = 2.07 x 10-4 K-1 and the density is
0.9970 g cm-3. If the temperature of 200 g of water is raised from 25 °C to 50 °C under a
constant pressure of 101 kPa,
a) Calculate W
b) Given /(J/K mol) = 75.30, calculate Q, H, and U.
5. Develop an equation f or the work produced in the isothermal, reversible expansion from
V1 to V2 of a gas with t he equation of state.

6. One mole of a van der Waals gas at 300K expands isothermally and reversibly from 20
dm3 to 60 dm3 (a = 0.556 m6Pamol-2; b= 0.064 dm3/mol). For the van der Waals gas,
(U/V)r = a/V2. Calculate Q, W, U and H for the transformation.
7. The temperature of 1 mol of an ideal gas is increased from 100 K to 300 K; Cv = 3/2 R.
a. Calculate S if the volume is constant
b. Calculate S if the pressure is constant
c. What would S be if 3 mol were used instead of 1 mole.
8. Calculate the entropy of 1 mole of argon gas at a pressure of 1 bar and temperature of 87.3 K.
Compare with the third-law calorimetric result of 129.2 JK-1mol-1 obtained from the value
reported for vapor at the normal boiling point, 87.3 K
9. Methanol can be made from synthesis gas, produced by the reaction:
CH4(g) + H2O(g) 3H2(g) + CO(g)
For this reaction ∆H = +210kJ and ∆S = 216 JK-1
 a) Use these values to explain why this reaction is not spontaneous at 298K.
b) Calculate the temperature at which it becomes spontaneous
10. Consider the following reaction:
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
a) Using average bond enthalpies values below, calculate the standard enthalpy change for
this reaction. Bond enthalpies (kJ mol-1) : NN, 942; H-H, 432; N-H, 386. The absolute
entropy values, S, at 300K for N2(g), H2(g) and NH3(g) are 193, 131 and 192 JK-1 mol-1
respectively.
b) Calculate ∆S for the reaction and explain the sign of ∆S c) Calculate ∆G for the reaction
at 300K
11. Consider the following reaction:
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
The enthalpy change, ∆H for this reaction = -92 kJ. The magnitude of the entropy change
∆S, at 27ºC for the reaction is -202 J K-1 mol-1. Calculate ∆G for this reaction at 27ºC and
determine whether this reaction is spontaneous at this temperature