Active and Passive Voice

Type Declarative Sentence Negative Sentence Interrogative Sentence Double Interrogative( WH1 Words)
past s+iiv+o s+did+not+iv+o did+s+iv+o wh+did+iv+o
indefinite
passive o+was/were+iiiv+s o+was/were+not+iiiv+s was/were+o+iiiv+s wh+was/were+o+iiiv+s
voice
past s+was/were+iv+ing+o s+was/were+not+iv+ing+o was/were+s+ iv+ing+o wh+was/were+s+iv+ing+o
continuous
passive o+was/were+being+iiiv+s o+was/were+not+being+iiiv+s was/were+o+being+iiiv+s wh+was/were+o+being+iiiv+s
voice
past perfect s+had+iiiv+o s+had+not+iiiv+o had+s+iiv+o wh+had+s+iiv+o
passive o+had+been+iiiv+s o+had+not+been+iiiv+s had+o+been+iiiv+s wh+had+o+been+iiiv+s
voice
past perfect s+had+been+iv+ing+o+since/for s+had+not+been+iv+ing+o+since/for had+s+been+iv+ing+o+since/for wh+had+s+been+iv+ing+o+since/for
2
continuous
passive not possible not possible not possible not possible
voice
present s+iv(s, es3)+o s+do/does+not+iv(s, es)+o do/does+s+iv(s, es)+o wh+do/does s+iv(s, es)+o
indefinite
passive o+is/am/are+iiiv+s o+is/am/are+not+iiiv+s is/am/are+o+iiiv+s wh+is/am/are+o+iiiv+s
voice
present s+is/am/are+iv+ing+o s+is/am/are+not+iv+ing+o is/am/are+s+iv+ing+o wh+is/am/are+s+iv+ing+o
continuous
passive o+is/am/are+being+iiiv+s o+is/am/are+not+being+iiiv+s is/am/are+o+being+iiiv+s wh+is/am/are+o+being+iiiv+s
voice
present s+has/have+iiiv+o s+has/have+not+iiiv+o has/have+s+iiiv+o wh+has/have+s+iiiv+o
perfect
passive o+has/have+been+iiiv+s o+has/have+not+been+iiiv+s has/have+o+been+iiiv+s wh+has/have+o+been+iiiv+s
voice
present s+has/have+been+iv+ing+o+sin s+has/have+not+been+iv+ing+o+since/ has/have+s+been+iv+ing+o+since/f wh+has/have+s+been+iv+ing+o+since/f
perfect ce/for for or or
continuous

1
Who, How, Why, Where, When.
2
(Since/For) Since: Point on time, For: Length of time.
3
(s, es) will be added to the verb if the subject is 3rd Person Singular.
Type Declarative Sentence Negative Sentence Interrogative Sentence Double Interrogative( WH1 Words)
passive not possible not possible not possible not possible
voice
future s+will/shell+iv+o s+will/shell+not+iv+o will/shell+s+iv+o wh+will/shell+s+iv+o
indefinite
passive o+will/shell+iiiv+s o+will/shell+not+iiiv+s will/shell+o+iiiv+s wh+will/shell+o+iiiv+s
voice
future s+will/shell+be+iv+ing+o s+will/shell+not+be+iv+ing+o will/shell+s+be+iv+ing+o wh+will/shell+s+be+iv+ing+o
continuous
passive not possible not possible not possible not possible
voice
future s+will/shell+have+iiiv+o s+will/shell+not+have+iiiv+o will/shell+s+have+iiiv+o wh+will/shell+s+have+iiiv+o
perfect
passive o+will/shell+have+been+iiiv+s o+will/shell+not+have+been+iiiv+s will/shell+o+have+been+iiiv+s wh+will/shell+o+have+been+iiiv+s
voice
future s+will/shell+have+been+iv+ing+ s+will/shell+have+not+been+iv+ing+o+ will/shell+s+have+been+iv+ing+o+s wh+will/shell+s+have+been+iv+ing+o+s
perfect o+since/for since/for ince/for ince/for
continuous
passive not possible not possible not possible not possible
voice

pronoun subjective form objective form possessive form

1st person I me my/mine
we us ours
2nd person you you yours
3rd person he him his
she her her
it it it’s
name name name’s
they them their
 Direct and Indirect Narration
Reporting Speech, “Reported Speech”
1. Change of, “Commas”
“Commas” will be replace with that.
reported speech said (verb accordingly) “comma”
assertive said, told that
sentences
imperative requested, advised, ordered, asked, directed, encouraged, that
sentences suggested, warned, forbid, urged, told
interrogative asked if4
sentences
exclamatory said to, exclaim with; joy, wonder, sorrow that
sentences
optative sentences wished, prayed that

2. Change of Pronoun
S1st P O2nd P N3rd P
1st Person pronoun of reported speech will be changed according to the person of subject of reporting speech.
2nd Person pronoun of reported speech will be changed according to the person of object of reporting speech.
3rd Person pronoun of reported speech will not be changed.
3. Change in Tense
If there is Present or Future Tense in reporting speech then verb of reported speech will not be changed.
If there is Past Tense in reporting speech then verb of reported speech will be changed as:

direct indirect
present simple → past simple
present continuous → past continuous
present perfect simple → past perfect simple
present perfect continuous → past perfect continuous
past simple → past perfect simple
past continuous → past perfect continuous

4
If reported speech is being starting with Helping Verb is before subject the, we use if in replacement of that i.e. V+S+O. But Not with WH Words.
 direct indirect
future (will) → future-in-the-past (would)
past perfect ↔ past perfect (no change)
Universal Truth → No Change

4. Change in Words
Change of Words will be made as.
from to
ago before
come go
will would
can could
may might
must had to
this that
these those
here there
now then
next following
sir/madam respectfully
today that day
tomorrow the next day(following)
yesterday previous day
tonight that night
last week the week before
next week the week after
is/am/are was/were
iv/ iv + s, es iiiv
has/have been had been
iiv had + iiiv
was/ were had been
had been no change