Recent

Recent FTTH
FTTH Technologies
Technologies andand Massive
Massive
FTTH
FTTH Deployment
Deployment in
in the
the World
World
July 15th, 2008
Broadband World Forum Asia
Hong Kong

Hiroshi Yokosuka

Fujikura Ltd.

Fujikura Ltd. Proprietary and Confidential 1

 Contents

1. Current FTTH Deployment in the World

1.1 Japan
1.2 North America & Europe

2. FTTH Technologies
2.1 GEPON
2.2 Optical Fiber & Cable
2.3 Accessories & Premise Wiring

3. FTTH Deployment Considerations

3.1 Why FTTH, why now?
3.2 How much bandwidth?
3.3 Why GEPON?
3.4 Economical cable network configuration

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 １．Current FTTH Deployment in the World
FrT starts to deploy FTTH soon?
ＩＬ ＮＷ CA
UK SW RU Mass deployment in Home Passed 11.8m,
EU ＤＭ Connected 2.9 m (March 2008)
1.3M Korea, Taiwan and China soon?
NE USA
Korea
FR 1.2M
3Million
Japan
SP IT CH
PK 11Million MX
TW
KW
IN TH
Commercial deploymentUAE PH
in Kuwait & UAE
SG
BR

ＮＺ
SA
VIC
●Commercial
Victoria Colt
●Trial Tasmanian Colt
●Planning
16.3Million
(Dec. 2007 Estimated by FJK )

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 1.1 FTTH Deployment in Japan

December 31st, 2007

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 1.2.1 North America

Now 3 million Now 12Million

From FTTH Council USA 2007

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 1.2.2 Europe

From FTTH Council Europe 2007

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 2. FTTH Technologies
Central Office Wiring Outside Plant Premise Wiring

MDU
Central Office
Termination Box
PSTN/IPNW SDU Indoor
Cable GEPON
ONU

Aerial
Drop Cable
GEPON Fiber Distribution Hub Fiber Outlet

Fiber
FTM distribution
Frame
HH

Slotted-Core UG Closure
Cable

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 2.1 GEPON
Central Office
◆GE PON:
Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network
IP
IPNetwork
Network
◆Features:
OLT
●Optical Bi-directional transmission system over Craft Terminal
a single optical fiber using WDM technology.
1Gbps
●Max. 64 subscribers
EMS
●Access line speed ：1Gbps
1.49μ
μm 1.31μ
μm
●Framing ：Ethernet frame
Max. 2０
０ｋｍ
◆GE PON System consists of:
●OLT(Optical Line Terminal) Max.
Central Office equipment 64 branches/PON port

●ONU（Optical Network Unit）

Customer Premise Equipment
Subscribers
●EMS（Element Management System）
Remote Supervisory System 1 1 1

●Craft Terminal
Initial setting ONU
UNI：
：10/100/1000BASE-T

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 2.1.1 GE-PON Equipment Description

I/F Unit
PON Optical I/F
(Up to 16 per Chassis) 3 Funs at the back
1 PON port

I/F Unit supports

1 PON port
&
1 Uplink port
(1000BASE-T/SFP)

10/100/1000BASE-T
Port for UNI
Control Unit Redundant
Power Unit

OLT (Chassis type) ONU

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 2.1.2 GE-PON Quality of Service Control
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation - High Accuracy Bandwidth Control
User#1
～
Maximum BW at PON
Bandwidth Control 1Gbps 3 types of service level:
User#2 • Best Effort Service
User#1 ～1000Mbps
～1000Mbps
User#3 about 30
User#2 about 30
• Guaranteed Service
The system allocates
～ BW to each ONU • Fixed Bandwidth Service
User#32 User#32 about 30～1000Mbps

Class Priority Control - Enables high transmission quality for latency sensitive data
Voice ONU
Ａ Priority:High

Ｄ Ａ Ｂ Ｃ Ａ 4 class priority control is

Ｂ Ｄ Ｃ Ｂ Ａ performed based on the
Video to OLT
Ｂ Ｃ priority field of IEEE802.1p
L2/L3 Ｄ VLAN-tag or TOS field of IP
Web
Ｃ Switch Priority:Low header
The sequence of data is rearranged according to priority.
Email
Ｄ Video and Voice data which are sensitive to time lag are
transmitted first to avoid service interruption

IGMP Snooping - Enables transmission of single data for multiple user thus saving Bandwidth

MultiCast
IGMP Snooping makes ONU select
Group 1 necessary contents. No repetition of
same data is sent thus saving
Sending precious bandwidth.
MultiCast Data MultiCast
Group 2

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 2.1.3 GE-PON OLT & ONU Specifications
OLT
Chassis type（16sys/5U） Pizza-Box type（2sys/1U）
PORT
ＮＮＩ port 1000BASE-SX　or　1000BASE-ＬX or　1000BASE-T × 1000BASE-SX　or　1000BASE-ＬX or　1000BASE-T ×
16ports 2port
PON port IEEE802.3ah Spec × 16port IEEE802.3ah Spec × 2port
EMS port 10/100BASE-TX × 1port
Craft port RS-232C × 1port
PON
Bit rate 1.25Gbps
Opt. Wavelength Upstream：1.31μm, Downstream：1.49μm
Available subscribers 64/sys, 1024max 64/sys, 128max
Fiber length 20km max
BW control Guaranteed BW, Maximum BW limitation, Best-effort BW(Fair-share mode, Proportional distribution mode), Fixed BW
Priority control 4 class
NMＳ interface SNMP(MIB II、Private MIB)、Telnet、FTP
Test function Loopback function, Test packet generation/detection function
Power supply AC100V　or　DC-48V（Redundant setup）
Installation Mounted in 19inch rack: 5U size Mounted in 19inch rack: 1U size
ＥＭＩ compliance VCCI　class　Ａ
ONU
PORT
ＰＯＮ port IEEE802.3ah Spec × 1port
UNI port 10/100/1000BASE-TX　×　1port
PON
Bit rate 1.25Gbps
Opt. Wavelength Upstream：1.31μm, Downstream：1.49μm
Fiber length 20km max
BW control Guaranteed BW, Maximum BW limitation, Best-effort BW(Fair-share mode, Proportional distribution mode), Fixed BW
Priority control 4 class
Test function Loopback function
Power supply AC100V
Installation Placed perpendicularly, or Hung on a wall
ＥＭＩ compliance VCCI　class　Ｂ

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 2.2. Optical Cable 2.2.1-1 Optical Fibers
SMF
♦FutureGuide-SM
Single-Mode Fiber (ITU-TG.652.B)
♦FutureGuide-LWP
Low-Water-Peak Single-Mode Fiber (ITU-T G.652.D)
♦ FutureGuide-LS
Low-Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Low-Water-Peak Single-Mode Fiber (ITU-T G.652D)
BIF
♦ FutureGuide-SR15
Bend Insensitive (R=15mm) SM Fiber (ITU-T G.657.A)
♦ FutureGuide-SR15E
Bend Insensitive (R=15mm) LWP SM Fiber (ITU-T G.657.A)
♦ FutureGuide-SR7.5
Ultra Bend Insensitive (R=7.5mm) SM Fiber
NZ-DSF
♦ FutureGuide-LA
μm2)
Large-Effective-Area NZ-DSF (ITU-T G.655) (Aeff: 72μ
♦ FutureGuide-SS
Small-Dispersion-Slope NZ-DSF (ITU-T G.655) (S1550: 0.05ps/nm2•km)
♦ FutureGuide-USS
Ultra Small-Dispersion-Slope NZ-DSF (ITU-T G.656) (S1550: 0.02ps/nm2•km)
MMF
♦ FutureGuide-MM
Multi Mode Fiber with 50μμm (IEC 60793-10 A1a) or 62.5μμm (A1a) of Core Diameter

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 2.2.1-2 Bend Insensitive Fiber

Features
– Fujikura’s original “trench index profile”
– Achieves both low bending loss and low splicing loss
Application Refractive index profile of
– In-house wiring in FTTH trench fiber
MFD= MFD= MFD=
– Optical Interconnection 8.6um 7.2um 6.6um
14
λ=1.31um
step-index fiber
12
with SR7.5 equivalent
10 bend performance

Frequency
R=30 mm 8
SR15 SR7.5
6
4
R=15 mm
2
FutureGuide®-SR15(E) 0
R=7.5 mm 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
Spice Loss (dB)
FutureGuide®-SR7.5 Splice loss to conventional fiber
Bend diameters of SM fibers by mechanical splice

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 2.2.2-1 Optical Fiber Cables
Slotted Core Cable Drop and Indoor Cables
Helical Slotted-Core Cable Supporting Wire
(1.2mm Steel)
- Up to 1,000fibers per cable
Tension
- 28mm Diameter Member
SZ Slotted-Core Cable Fiber

- Up to 640fibers per cable Notch

- 29mm Diameter Sheath
Flexible Non- Metallic
Indoor Cable Drop Cable
Drop and Indoor Cables
Easy-Split Ribbon Fiber
- Small Diameter & Light Weight for Easy Handling during Installation
- Simple Structure Enables Very Low Deployment Cost
Easy-Split Ribbon Fiber - Fast & Easy to Install without the need of Special Tools
- Easy mid-span branching - Flexible & High Bending Radius for Installation in Space Constraint Areas
- No fiber wastage
- Simple tool

R=15mm

Saving Construction Space

1/2 in radius = 1/4 in size
Compared with G.652.D

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 2.2.2 -2 Comparison (96F) Ribbon Cable vs. Loose tube Cable

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 2.3 Accessories 2.3.1 Arc Fusion Splicing System

SpliceMate
・ Single fiber to four fiber ribbon
・ 3.5 inch monitor
・ W110xD80xH100
・810g(battery included)

CT-30
・Single fiber to 12 fiber ribbon
・W69xD82xH42
・250g

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 2.3.2 Field Installable Connectors & Mechanical splice
Field Installable Connectors
Connector
main unit
Fiber clamp Coating part clamp • Quick Connection
Ferrule • Reduction in Installation & Maintenance Time Plug
• No Polishing or cumbersome assembly tools housing

Pre-
Pre-installed fiber 250um-
250um-fiber
• Available for 0.25 & 0.90mm fiber & Drop Cables
FAST-SC Matching Gel • Fully compatible with Standard SC connectors Wedges

Simple Installation Procedure

FAST-LC
FAST-SC-GT

Mechanical Splice
• Quick & Reliable Connection Between 2 Fibers
• Available for splicing 0.25mm & 0.90mm Fibers
• Low Loss and High Reliability for FTTH Deployment
• Simple Mechanical Splicing Procedure
• Small Size (W4 x H4 x L40mm) for Easy Storage
• Field Proven & Widely Deployed around the World
• External Power Source Not Required
• Light Weight, Compact & Practical Tool Set

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 2.3.4 Fused-fiber and PLC Splitters
Features
• Fused taper type for 1x2 and 1x4 splits
• PLC (Planar Lightwave Circuit) type for 1x4, 1x8,
1x16 and 1x32 splits
• PLC splitters measure 4 x 4 x 40 mm to fit into 1x2
splice trays in demarcation boxes and closures
(1x32 PLC splitter measures 4 x 6.5 x 50 mm) 1x4
• Telcordia GR-1221-CORE level Reliability
• Available in 19” Rack Mount Module Unit Type
• Low insertion and polarization dependent losses
• Operational at 1310 nm, 1490 nm and 1550 nm
PLC chip Fiber array

light

Optical fiber ribbon

UV curable adhesive Y branch
PLC Splitters

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 2.3.5-1 Building Wiring
Optical Outlet
Termination Box Case-1 Field Installable SC Connector
FTB-601
Indoor Cable Bend Insensitive Patch Cord
Field Installable
Mechanical Splice

Case-1: High Residential Unit Count

High fiber count Riser Cables are wired into the
building riser

The Indoor Cables are terminated at a
Termination Box and spliced with 2-fiber Indoor
Cables
Riser Cable Case-2
The 2-fiber Indoor Cables are wired to individual
customer premises

Termination Box Case-2: Low Residential Unit Count

High fiber count Indoor Cables output from the
Central Termination Box are spliced in a Fiber Splicing
Splitter Module & Rack
Office Box (FSB-24/48F)

The fibers are spliced with 2-fiber Indoor Cables

The 2-core Indoor Cables are wired directly to
Termination Box each customer premise
Fiber Splice Box
FSB-24/48F

Underground
Closure

High Fiber Count

Slotted-Core Cable
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 2.3.5-2 SDU Wiring

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 3. FTTH Deployment Considerations

3.1 Why FTTH, Why Now?

3.2 How much bandwidth do we need?

3.3 Why GEPON, not GPON?

3.4 Economical cable network configuration?

- Centralized or two stage Splitter?

-Air-blown or conventional duct cable system?

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 3.1 Why FTTH, why now? --FTTH is the most future proof solution

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 3.2-1 How much bandwidth do we need?

Nielsen’s law:
Annualized growth rate
of internet bandwidth is 50%

Moore’s Law is that the CPU speed

increase 100% in 18 months.

From FTTH Council Europe Conference 2008

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 3.2-2 Bandwidth Requirements

From FTTH Council Europe Conference 2008

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 3.2-3 Download Time

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 3.3-1 Why GEPON, not GPON?
1) Services
a) High-quality IP Telephone and IP video are becoming important “ Basic
FTTH services”
b) Leased line users are shifting to “less expensive Ethernet Leased Line.”

2) Networks
a) Full IP backbone networks for B-FLET’s & NGN
b) Switches & routers in the network employ Ethernet Interface
No need to employ ATM.
EPON is very suitable for IP networks and IP services.

3) System
a) In terms of quality and reliability, Carrier-grade GEPON has been realized.

EPON is the optimal FTTH system for the future.

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 3.3-2 GE-PON vs G-PON

Verison

China
UAE/Kuwait ASEAN
India

ＧＥ-ＰＯＮCommercial
GE-PON Trial
B‐PON Commercial
G‐PON Commercial
G‐PON Trial
GE‐PON／G‐PON Evaluation
B-PON GE-PON
+GE-PON has been widely used for more than three years
+B-PON is now popular in USA and Europe.
in Japan and now there are more than 4 million GEPON
G-PON subscribers.
+G-PON is not widely used yet. +KT has started FTTH mass deployment with GEPON.
・Verizon selected G-PON venders. +GE-PON is used in large scale field trials in China, Philippine,
+G-PON is now much expensive than GE-PON. Taiwan and Thailand.

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 3.3.3 PON is more economical than P to P

PtP GPON

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 3.4.1 Economical FTTH Cable NW Configuration
Central Office
JAPAN １ｘ８Splitter Home
GE-PON
１ｘ４ splitter
ＯＬＴ
ＩＤＭ ＯＮＵ VoIP
Drop Data

USA
Central Office
OLT １ｘ３２ Splitters
(B-PON)
(622/155Mbps)
POTS
Distribution

Terminal ONT
ONT Data
Video FD Fiber
Amp WD F Feeder Distribution
(EDF M Hub (FDH)
A)
Video
Battery

Central Office

BPON EU & Middle East

(GPON)
PtP 1x32 Splitter in closure

Air Blown Fiber/Cable

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 3.4.2 Air-blown and conventional duct cable system Comparison

Reasons why many Telecom Operators DO NOT adopt Air Blown Fiber System

High Cost in: Subducts & Fiber Units, Multiple Connecting Accessories & Tools and
Operational Cost
In-Building Blown Fiber: For Fiber Blown directly from MDF to each Customer Premise,
large riser space is required. Huge wastage!
Currently only 1 standard (IEC 60794-5) for Air-Blown Fiber and Cable. Blown Fiber DO
NOT meet GR-20 environmental and tensile specifications
Fiber unit specifically designed for deployment in UK only thus environmental protection
for installation in other countries is lacking
2x Installation is required thus 2x the cost! :– Fiber Tube Installation → Fiber Unit
Installation (Unused fiber tube needs to be sealed)
Repeated installation increases man-hour and logistical cost (Many times more expensive
than the cost of fiber)

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 4. Summary
1. FTTH is being deployed massively in Japan, Korea, USA and Europe.
- PON is used widely in Japan, Korea and USA.
- P to P is used widely in Europe.

2. Commercial FTTH deployment has started in many countries in Asia and Middle East.
- One big issue is the choice to deploy GEPON or GPON
- IPVPN over GEPON is very popular in Japan.

3. Premise wiring is a big portion of the installation cost so that new technologies have been
introduced to reduce installation time and cost

4. Worldwide, increasing number of networks and services are shifting to IP Ethernet

5. FTTH is currently the Future Proof High-Speed Broadband Network

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