Service Training Manual CM765/785

DHD DRILLING

BASIC RULES FOR OPTIMUM DRILLING

1. Be sure that the drill guide (mast) is well supported on the ground
with sufficient weight to prevent the drill guide from lifting when feed
pressure is applied. A floating drill guide foot will lead to hole
misalignment.

2. Collar (start) the hole carefully with the centralizer closed loosely
around the hammer. This helps a great deal in obtaining a straight
hole. Close the centralizer around the drill pipe as soon as the DHD
passes through.

3. If the material being drilled is soft or broken on top the rotation can
be operated in the 90 to 120 rpm range. This will frequently help in
drilling down to harder and more competent material. As soon as
solid rock is encountered the rotation speed should be reduced
appropriately for the type of material being drilled. Rotation should
normally be in the 40 to 80 RPM range with softer rock being drilled
with the higher rotation speed. CAUTION: Over rotating the hammer
will cause premature wear to the bit buttons. Always adjust the feed
and rotation to obtain the smoothest operation of the drill string.

4. The feed control allows full control of the feed speed. Use this
control to allow the bit to find its way through the soft and broken
ground. Never use fast feed when drilling; the fast feed function does
not have controlled pressure and bending or breaking of the drill pipe
could be the result. The bit may become hung up in the hole if the
feed thrust is excessive.

5. Use the low air pressure position for drilling through overburden
and broken ground. This will help in holding the sidewalls of the hole.
Water injection with drilling foam is also very helpful in holding the
sidewall of the hole.

6. Feed pressure is actually determined by the amount of weight

applied to the bit. A general rule is that 400 to 700 Lbs. of weight be
applied for each 1 of bit diameter. Remember that the rotary head,

Chapter 12 Page 1 Drilling Information

Service Training Manual CM765/785

starter rod and hammer will weigh approximately 500 Lbs. This must
be considered when determining the feed force. The CM 765/785
units feed system develops apx. 300 Lbs. of force for each 100 PSI of
pressure on the feed gauge. Using the guidelines noted above, a
five-inch bit would require 500 to 660 PSI of feed pressure.

Example: 5 bit X 400 Lbs. of force=2000 Lbs. of force required on

the bit - 500 Lbs. (weight of the rotary head, starter pipe and hammer)
= 1500 Lbs. of weight required. 1500 ÷ 300 (Lbs. of force per 100
PSI on feed pressure gauge) = 500 PSI.

Always set the feed pressure and rotation speed to obtain smooth
operation of the drill string. Excessive rotation speed and feed
pressure result in premature bit wear and undo wear and tear on the
drill pipe and hammer.

Chapter 12 Page 2 Drilling Information