FEMINISM MOVEMENT TO FIGHT SEXUAL VIOLENCE & HARASSMENT OF

WOMEN IN INDONESIA

𝐂𝐮𝐜𝐮 𝐀𝐥𝐝𝐢𝐚𝐧 𝐕1 𝐃𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐚 𝐀𝐧𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐚 𝐇 2 𝐇𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐃𝐚𝐲𝐚𝐧𝐠 𝐁. 𝐒 3 𝐌𝐮𝐪𝐭𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐛4

𝐒𝐞𝐝𝐚𝐲𝐮 𝐀𝐧𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐚3
1. Fakultas Perikanan & Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya
Bandung Sumedang Km. 21, Jatinagor 45363, Indonesia.
2. Fakultas Ilmu Sosial & Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya
Bandung Sumedang Km. 21, Jatinagor 45363, Indonesia.
3. Fakultas Ilmu Komunikasi, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung
Sumedang Km. 21, Jatinagor 45363, Indonesia.
4. Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung
Sumedang Km. 21, Jatinagor 45363, Indonesia.

Abstract. Indonesia is a country which consist of various tribes, nations,

cultures and religions. The problems that exist in Indonesia are complex due to
their diversity. Economic, cultural, religious, social and many more problems.
Violence & sexual abuse of women is one of the problems that often occur in
Indonesia. Culture in Indonesia considers that men must be prioritized over
women, which is triggers the majority of men in Indonesia to commit violence
& abuse against women. The purpose of this study is to voice feminism in
Indonesia, because feminism is very important so that we can fight violence &
sexual abuse of women in Indonesia that have often happened. The conclusion
of this study is that feminism can be enforced in Indonesia and reduce violence
& sexual abuse of women.

A. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Sexual Violence
Sexual violence is a type of violence which caused by the imbalance of power
relations between women and men. Sexual violence against women occurs when
women do not have the same power as men. Culture and religion very contribute
in the imbalance of power. Examples of sexual violence according to Komnas
Perempuan based on monitoring from 1998 to 2013 are as follows:

1. Rape
2. Sexual Intimidation
 3. Sexual Harassment
4. Sexual Exploitation
5. Women Trafficking
6. Forced Prostitution
7. Sexual Slavery
8. Forced Marriage
9. Forced Pregnancy
10. Forced Abortion
11. Forcing contraception and sterilization
12. Sexual Torture
13. Inhuman and Sexual Nuance Punishment
14. Traditions Practice with Sexual Nuance which Discriminate Againts women
15. Sexual control, Including discrimination rules based on morality and religion

The victims consisted of ages 13-18 years and 25-40 years. The data above is not
final because there are many more types of sexual violence against women that
are not yet known and have not yet occurred.

1.2 Sexual Harassment

Sexual harassment is behaviors which related to unwanted sex, both verbally and
physically. Sexual harassment can occur anywhere and not regarding age or
gender, but the majority are women. Example of sexual harassment is cat calling.
1.3 Feminism
Feminism is a movement that demands the emancipation or equality of rights and
justice of women and men. Feminism comes from Latin, femina which means
women and adherents of this movement are called feminists. (Beasley, 1999)
The feminist movement has existed since the end of the 18th century and growing
rapidly during the 20th century which began with Mary Wollstonecraft writing
entitled A Vindication of The Rights of Woman.
The article voice women's political rights and criticism of the French revolution
which only applies to men. feminism was first voiced in Indonesia by R.A Kartini
who fought for the rights of Javanese women in terms of education, because at
that time Javanese women were not allowed to attend education.
Here are 3 examples of the flow of feminism, that is:
1. Liberal Feminism
 This sect holds that women have full and individual freedom. The leader of
this flow is Naomi Wolf. This sect holds that country is not appropriate with
the principles of the theory of state pluralism. Adherents of this sect realize
that the state only reflects masculinity because the majority of policy holders
are men. This sect tries to make women aware that they are "oppressed" so as
to encourage women to rise up against inequality.
2. Radical Feminism
This sect emerged around the 1970s, known as the " separatism struggle of
women's ". This sect opposed to the men who think the female body as the
object of oppression.
3. Anarchy Feminism
This sect aspires socialist society and considers the state and the patriarchal
system of male domination to be a problem that must be destroyed.

B. METHOD
The main goals of the legal strategy of the women’s movement were to achieve more
conviction, to have sexual violence taken more seriously by expanding the
understanding of the harm it causes, and to empower women who have been
victimized. Legal intervention plays a significant role at both the symbolic level and
the level of addressing individual harms, and legislation can have significant impact
on the recovery of victims. Women’s movement used high-profile legal cases as
opportunities to place these issues on the public agenda, mobilize public interest, and
promote public debate in order to reconceptualize sexual violence as a harmful
criminal offence rather than a non-threatening personal matter.

C. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

From observation our opinion is indonesian society still don’t care and don’t realize
the big impact if gender equality is used in indonesia. It is caused by the people think
it doesn’t matter and it isn’t really important.
Indonesia have a hundreds a different cultures, and every cultures have their own ruler
about what women do in life.
Major religion in indonesia is Islam. In islam women weren’t given the same
opportunity as men. Like women can’t be a leader.
Because of comprehension in daily life like that, everyone have the same perspective
about gender are women will always low state from men.
 With this cases we didnt want to break the rule from cultures and religion, we just
want to fight the women rights, to change perspective men about how weak the
women are. To make men realize we are brave to fight sexual harrasment, we didn’t
afraid. So if gender equality and feminism are enforced in Indonesia, it will fair for
women and give a justice for women.

D. CONCLUSION

From that we can conclude feminism must be enforced in Indonesia because

indonesian society still don’t care and don’t realize the big impact if gender equality is
used in indonesia.

E. REFERENCES
[1] Beasley, C. (1999). What is Feminism?: An Introduction to Feminist Theory. St
Leonards, new south wales: SAGE Publications.

[2] Boland, M. L. (2002). Sexual Harassment : Your Guide to Legal Action. Naperville,
Illinois: Sphinx Publishing.

[3] perempuan, K. (2017, October 21). Kekerasan seksual. Retrieved from

https://www.komnasperempuan.go.id/.

[4] Jung, Kyung Ja. (2014). Practicing Feminism in South Korea: The women’s
movement against sexual violence