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CEM 141 Mock EXAM 2 Fall 2018 KEY
CEM 141 Mock EXAM 2 Fall 2018 KEY
1. Which has a larger atomic radius? Mg or Ar 3. Which of the following are correct
and why. statements?
A. I C. I, II, III
B. II D. I and II
1
7. For a given photocell (a device that uses the 11. Atomic absorption spectra are caused by:
photoelectric effect to generate electricity),
blue light will eject electrons, but red light A. Photons moving between energy levels
will not. Why? in an atom.
B. Electrons moving to lower energy levels
A. Photons of red light do not have enough and releasing photons of energy equal to
energy, but if you increase the intensity the energy difference between the levels.
they will eject an electron. C. Electrons moving to higher energy
B. Photons of red light are waves and levels and absorbing photons of energy
therefore cannot eject electrons. equal to the energy difference between
C. Blue light has a high enough intensity the levels.
that the electrons will be emitted. D. Electrons being ejected from the surface
D. Photons of blue light each have enough of the metal when hit by a photon.
energy to eject one electron.
12. How many core and valence electrons does
8. What is the wavelength of light that has a carbon have?
frequency of 3.0 GHz (3.0 x 109 Hz)?
A. 6 core, 6 valence
A. 100 m B. 2 core, 4 valence
B. 100 nm C. 4 core, 2 valence
C. 10 cm D. 10 core, 2 valence
D. 3.0 x 108 m
13. What is the electron configuration of Se?
10. Which of the following transitions would be A. The photons and the anti-photons cancel
most likely to result from the absorption of a each other out.
photon of the highest frequency? B. The waves of electromagnetic radiation
arrive in-phase and out of phase at the
detector.
C. The X-rays eject electrons which
interfere with each other.
D. As the beam X-rays arrives the peaks
give a bright spot and the troughs give a
dark spot on the detector.
D – highest frequency is the highest energy 15. Which reaction requires the most energy?
Largest ΔE for absorption is the longest
upward pointing arrow. A. N(g) → N+(g) + e –
B. N+(g) → N2+(g) + e –
C. F(g) → F+(g) + e –
D. F+(g) → F2+(g) + e –
2
Give the reasoning for your answer (That is, 18. Does one molecule of water have a boiling
what scientific principles did you use to point?
determine your answer?).
Fluorine has a higher effective nuclear charge A. Yes
than Nitrogen – so it is harder to remove an B. No
electron (takes more energy because the electron
is more strongly attracted by the nucleus).
Effective nuclear charge is the same for F and F+ 19. What reasoning would you give for your
because the number of protons and core electrons answer to question 19?
are not changed. However, when the number of
electrons is reduced, the repulsion between I. The boiling point of water is 100 ºC
electrons decreases which results in a decrease in whether it is a single molecule or an
the radius of the electron cloud because the point ocean.
at which attractions and repulsions are balanced II. A single molecule has all the properties
is closer to the nucleus when there is less of the substance.
repulsion. When the radius of the electron cloud III. The boiling point is the temperature at
decreases, the strength of the attraction between which the particles change from liquid to
the nucleus and the valence electrons increases gas. If there is only one particle the
which increases the amount of energy required to words liquid and gas (and solid for that
remove an electron (ionization energy). matter) are meaningless.
IV. The boiling point is the temperature at
which the particles change from liquid to
16. Consider the isoelectronic (they all have the gas. One molecule can change from a
same number of electrons) species Na+, liquid to a gas.
Mg2+, Ne, and F–. Which of these has the
smallest radius? A. I B. II C. III D. II and IV
3
21.
Which
reaction
is
a
nuclear
fusion
23.
Which
graph
best
describes
the
potential
reaction?
energy
of
the
system
as
two
atomic
nuclei
(eg
H+)
approach
each
other
and
fuse
to
A.
H+
+
–OH
à
H2O
form
2H?
C
B.
235U
à
91K
+
142Ba
C.
41H
à
4He
+
2+1e
D.
238U*
à
238U
+
γ
22.
Why
is
nuclear
fusion
not
a
viable
option
for
generating
energy
at
the
moment?
A. Because
it
is
far
too
dangerous.
B. Because
of
the
high
energy
requirement
to
overcome
the
Coulombic
repulsion
of
the
nuclei.
C. Because
the
radioactive
isotopes
produced
cannot
be
contained.
D. Because
it
is
impossible
to
find
a
vessel
that
will
contain
the
plasma
needed
for
fusion.
Explain
why
the
potential
energy
curve
you
chose
in
question
23
looks
the
way
it
does.
Be
sure
to
include
forces
in
your
response.
At
far
distances,
the
nuclei
are
affected
by
the
electrostatic
force
of
repulsion,
which
causes
the
PE
to
increase
as
the
distance
decreases.
Once
the
nuclei
get
very
close
(about
the
distance
of
a
nucleus)
from
each
other,
the
strong
nuclear
force
takes
over.
This
is
an
attractive
force,
which
means
the
PE
will
decrease
as
the
nuclei
get
closer
to
each
other.
4
Possibly useful equations and constants:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1A 8A
1 2
1 H He
1.008 2A
PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 4.003
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 Li Be B C N O F Ne
6.941 9.012 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
22.99
3B 4B 5B 6B 7B 8B 1B 2B 35.45 39.95
24.31 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.10 40.08 44.96 47.87 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.39 69.72 72.61 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.80
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.94 (98) 101.07 102.91 106.42 107.87 112.41 114.82 118.71 121.76 127.60 126.90 131.29
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
6 Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
132.91 137.33 138.91 178.49 180.95 183.84 186.21 190.23 192.22 195.08 196.97 200.59 204.38 207.19 208.98 (209) (210) (222)
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
7 Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
(223) (226) (227) (267) (268) (271) (270) (277) (278) (281) (281) (285) (286) (289) (289) (293) (294) (294)
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
For elements Tc, Pm, and
those beyond Bi, a number
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
in parentheses is the mass 140.12 140.91 144.24 (145) 150.36 151.96 157.25 158.93 162.50 164.93 167.26 168.93 173.04 174.97
number (not the atomic
mass) of the most stable or
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
the only known isotope. Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232.04 231.04 238.03 (237) (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) (252) (257) (258) (259) (262)