2irianors dea! money
Ideal money
Ideal money is a theoretical notion promulgated by John Nash
(Nobel Laureate in Economies), to stabilize intemational eurrencies.
It is. solution to the Triffin dilemma which is generally about the
contlict of economic interests between the short-term domestic and
long-term international objectives when a currency used in country
is also a world reserve currency in the meantime,
Introduction
How does the idea of Ideal Money appear
"Money can be recognized as technological development
cammparable tothe whee! and of similar antiquity. Among the more
recent developments in the technology that facilitates transfers of
uit Gin the sense of game theory) are systems like those of EZ Pass,
by means of which vehicles traversing toll bridges or toll highways
can pay their toll fees without stopping forthe attention of human
personnel manning the tll boots. In this lecture, I present remarks about the history of monetary systems and about issues of comparative
quality ormert, along with «specific proposal about how a system or systems of ‘ideal money'might be established and employed.)
NEEL EEN
John Forbes Nash
Main value standard of ideal money
deal money is working in the theory similar to the gold standard, but it is generally based on & Nonpolitical Value Standard. "A possible
rnonpolitcal basis for a value standard that could be used for money would be a good industrial consumption price index(ICPI) statistic.
This statistic could be calculated from the intemational price of commodities such as copper, silver, tungsten, and so forth that are used in
industrial activities"! John Nash said in his lecture.
‘Why gold can not be an ideal money
The gold doesnot reach the standard of deal money, despite is merits. The main problem is because the silver and gold do not have a
constant value al the me, *To the ndisceming minds ofthe mass of men # pound string of gold a silver five-fane piece, or «paper
deta, represents always a definite unt thas not escaped attention, however, that a given amount of money buys much less atone ime
than another" in other words, people are used to measuring the value of goods by money but duc to some reasons the value of money
itself changes, which causes the valve of silver or gold changes, We can tell the constant valve ofthe meal, and the fixed mind-sss an
not easily be changed
Related factors mentioned in Nash's lecture
Welfare Economics
""A related topic is that of the considerations to be given by society and the national state to ‘social equity’ and the general “economic
welfare’. Here the key viewpoint is methodological, as we see it. How should society and the state authorities seek to improve economic
welfare generally and what should be done at times of abnormal economic difficulties or‘ depression’? We can't go into it ll, but we feel
that actions which are clearly understandable as designed for the purpose of achieving a ‘social welfare’ result are best, And in particular,
programs of unemployment compensation seem to be comparatively wel structured so that they can operate in proportion to the need."
Generally, the soial welfare ie what we always expect tobe improved, and if there is realy an ideal money, the whole economy would be
influenced, including the social welfare.
Money, Utility, and Game Theory
‘The concept of utility generally appears inthe field of economics but it can be connected with the game theory in mathematics.In the game
theory of economics, “utility” is a very important and essential factor. In the book (on game theory and economic behavior) written by the
‘mathematician John von Neumann and the economist Oskar Morgenstern, a utility function is proved, which can be used to put the
individual's preference on the interval scale, and the uty is always preferred to be maximized, (More details can be found in Von
Neumann-Morgenstern utility theorem.)
Jn John Nash's lecture abou ideal money, he gave the opinion that we can through observing the changing relationship between the money
and the utility transfer to see "how the ‘quality’ of a money standard can strongly affect the areas of the economy involving financing with
longer-term credits, And also, we can see that money tells a sort of ‘ult’, using the word in another sense, comparable to supplies of
water, electric energy or telecommunicatons, And then, i we think about it, money may become as comparable tothe quality of some
‘public uty Tike the supply ofelectic energy or of water") The game theory of economics i a good way to check whether the quality
ofa money is ideal or not
hitpsipt atpts!amXeypiWaWknFUnkLwHCnL72vedxj@XDDP tmXxWoSucolwik/Ideal_money.html 182an22018 Ideal money
"Keynesians"
"The thinking of J. M. Keynes was actually multidimensional and consequently there are quite different varieties of persons at the present
time who follow, in one way or another, some ofthe thinking of Keynes. A very famous saying of Keynes was “in the long run we will
all be dead..."3] Keynesian economies gives the opinion: in the short run, the change in economic output has a strongly relationship with
the change in aggregate demand, the output is always affected by the demand, If there isan ideal money which can be stable in a very long
period, we do not really need to worry about lots of problems in the Tong run,
Asymptotically ideal money
Main idea
Asymptotically ideal money is the currency close to but stil not ideal money. In John Nash’s lecture, "Ideal Money and Asymptotically
[deal Money" focused on” the connection between fluctuation in inflation and exchange rates and the perceived long-term value of
money", he mentioned that; "Good money's money that is expected to maintain its Value over time, “Bad money’ is expected to lose
value over time, as under conditions of inflation. The policy of inflation targeting, whereby central banks set monetary policy with the
objective of stabilizing inflation ata particular rae, leads in the long run to what Nash called ‘asymptotically ideal money’ currency that,
while not achieving perfect stability, becomes more stable over time.""$I That means if a currency has shown a trend to be more sta
could become an asymptotically ideal money or even the ideal money in the future,
Currencies may become (asymptotically) ideal money
Euro
John Nash mentioned in his lecture that Euro might become an ideal money in the future, because Euro is
tused in a large range of places and has a good stability. It is the currency used by the Institutions of the
European Union and is the official currency of the eurozone which consists of 18 of the 28 member states
of the European Union. In general, Euro has a macroeconomic stability, people in Europe owning large
amounts of euros are "served by high stability and low inflation.” Moreover, in March 2014, Euro was
commented as "an island of stability” by the head of the European Central Bank.!S)
Euro
References
1.1 2"Ideal money". Southern Economic Journal, 2002, Yol69(1), pp4-II [Peer Reviewed Journal}. July 1, 2002
2.7 san Ideal Money Attainable?”, Journal of Palitial Econom. 1903. dois10.1086/250969. JSTOR 1820954
5.123 "Lecture by John F. Nash Jr, Ideal Money and Asymptotically Ideal Money" (PDP.
44 "Nobel winner Nash eritques economic theory". April 27, 2005,
5.1 "ECB boss Draghi brands euro an island of stability despite sluggish growth and igh unemployment”
External links
1» Fordham eNewsroom on Nash's 2008 lecture
= Nash Equilibrium
This article is issued from Wikipedia (hutps:/en wikipedia org/wik/Ideal_money oldid~748990189) - version ofthe 11/11/2016. The
text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike (bilp:/creativecommons.orgilicenses/by-sa/3.0/) but additional
terms may apply for the media files,
This snapshot was generated and distributed by the Distributed Wikipedia Mirror project (https: //github.com/ipfs/distribute
-wikipedia-mirror) The Distributed Wikipedia Mirror is a global effort, independent from Wikipedia.
Created on: 2017-05 from the kiwix ZIM file
IPFS Link (this snaphost): /ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL7avedxiQkDDPimXWo6uco/wiki/Ideal_money.html (/ipf
/QmXoypizjW3WkaFidJnKLwHCnl72vedxjQkDDPimXWo6uco/wiki/Ideal_money.html)
IPNS Link (most recent): /ipns/Qmd.JiuMWpaFxyaerfl.rtdLF6NriEWpL7dPAxAgoKSPYYaV/wiki/Ideal_money.html (http
s:/ipfs.io/ipns/QmdJiuMWp2FxyaerLrtdLF6NriEWpL7dPAxAgoKSPYYgV/wiki/Ideal_money.html)
HTTP Link: https:/ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCaL7avedxjQkDDPimXWo6uco/wiki/Ideal_money html (/ipf
s/QmXoypiziW3WknFiJJaKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDPimXWo6uco/wiki/Ideal_money.html)
Download IPES Here (attps:/ipfs.io/ipns/ dist ipfs.io/#go-ipfs)
hitps:ipt alpts!amXeypiiWaWknFUnkLwHCnL72vedsi@XDDP tmXxWoSucolwik/Ideal_money-htm 28222018 Ideal money
Distributed Wikipedia ‘Share this article
woe! Powered by PFS Gi
hitpsipt atpts!amXeypiWaWknFUnkLwHCnL72vedxj@XDDP tmXxWoSucolwik/Ideal_money.html