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Unit Hydrograph: Prepared by Prof. S. G. Taji
Unit Hydrograph: Prepared by Prof. S. G. Taji
Unit Hydrograph: Prepared by Prof. S. G. Taji
Prepared by
Prof. S. G. Taji
Dept. of Civil Engineering
S.R.E.S’s Sanjivani College of Engineering,
Kopargaon
HYDROGRAPH
Rising limb:
The rising limb of hydro graph, also known as concentration
curve, reflects a prolonged increase in discharge from a catchment
area, typically in response to a rainfall event
Recession (or falling) limb:
The recession limb extends from the peak flow rate onward.
Discharge:
The rate of flow (volume per unit time) passing a specific
location in a river or other channel
Unit Hydrograph
UH
Procedure for Derivation of UH from Hydrograph
Type-I
Derivation of Unit Hydrograph from Given
DRH or Flood Hydrograph
Time (hr) 0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66
Observed
hydrograph(m3 100 100 300 700 1000 800 600 400 300 200 100 100
/s)
Soln:
Step-1: Compute DRH (Col. 3)
DRH=Ordinates of flood hydrograph – Base flow
Step-2: Compute 6hr-UH (Col. 4)
Ordinates of UH = Ordinates of DRH / Excess
Rainfall
Observed Hydrograph Direct Runoff Hydrograph
Time (hr) Ordinates of UH
(m3/s) (DRH) (m3/s)
(1) (4)
(2) (3)
0 100 0 0
6 100 0 0
12 300 200 50
18 700 600 150
24 1000 900 225*
30 800 700 175
36 600 500 125
42 400 300 75
48 300 200 50
54 200 100 25
60 100 0 0
66 100 0 0
Type-II
42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63
42 33 24 18 12 6 6 0
(1)11 (2) (2)*2=(3) (2)*6=(4) (2)*4=(5)
Time (hr) ordinates of 3 hr DRH due to 2 cm DRH due to 6 cm ER DRH due to 4 cm ER
UH ER
0 0 0 0 0
3 12 24 72 48
6 75 150 450 300
9 132 264 792 528
12 180 360 1080 720
15 210 420 1260 840*
18 183 366 1098 732
21 156 312 936 624
24 135 270 810 540
27 144 288 864 576
30 96 192 576 384
33 87 174 522 348
36 66 132 396 264
39 54 108 324 216
42 42 84 252 168
45 33 66 198 132
48 24 48 144 96
51 18 36 108 72
54 12 24 72 48
57 6 12 36 24
60 6 12 36 24
63 0 0 0 0
Type-III
Time (hr) 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39
ordinates of
3 hr UH 0 12 75 132 180 210 183 156 135 144 96 87 66 54
(m3/s)
4
45 48 51 54 57 60 63
2
4
33 24 18 12 6 6 0
2
Soln:
Step-1: See the given duration and req. duration.
Given Duration of UH = 3 hr
Req. duration = 9hr
i.e. 9 is the integral multiple of 3. Thus, superposition technique is
applicable.
Step-2: if we add 3 hr UH by 3 times then we got 9 hr UH
i.e. 3hr + 3hr + 3hr = 9 hr
but, at the same when we adding the 3 UH of 1 cm each, resulted
hydrograph will be DRH of 1+1+1= 3 cm excess rainfall.
Thus, in 2nd step, lag ordinates of given UH by 3 hr and then again
lag by 3 hr (Col. 3 & 4)
Step-3: Add these lagged UH i.e. Col.6, this will give us DRH of
3cm ER.
Step-4: Divide col.6/3cm (bcoz we want to plot UH)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (2)+(3)+(4)=(6) (7)
0 0 - 0 0
3 12 0 - 12 4
6 75 12 0 87 29
9 132 75 12 219 73
12 180 132 75 387 129
15 210 180 132 522 174
18 183 210 180 573 191*
21 156 183 210 549 183
24 135 156 183 474 158
27 144 135 156 435 145
30 96 144 135 375 125
33 87 96 144 327 109
36 66 87 96 249 83
39 54 66 87 207 69
42 42 54 66 162 54
45 33 42 54 129 43
48 24 33 42 99 33
51 18 24 33 75 25
54 12 18 24 54 18
57 6 12 18 36 12
60 6 6 12 24 8
63 0 6 6 12 4
66 0 6 6 2
69 0 0 0
72 0 0
75 0 0
Thank You…………..