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Capacitors and First-Order Systems: Circuits Electronics
Capacitors and First-Order Systems: Circuits Electronics
6.002 ELECTRONICS
Capacitors
and First-Order Systems
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
B C
A
5V
0V
5
A
0
5
Expect this, right?
B But observe this!
0
5 Expected
C Observed
0
Reading:
Delay! Chapters 9 & 10
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
drain
n s
m+ o i
gate e+ x l n-channel
t + p
i i MOSFET
a+ d
l + e n-channel c
+ o
n n
source
D
G
S
CGS
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
+ + A d
++++
EA
- - C=
E ----- d
obeys DMD!
total charge on
capacitor
= +q − q = 0
i
q +
C v
–
q = C v
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
i
q +
C v
–
q = C v
dq
i=
dt
d (Cv )
=
dt
dv
=C
dt
⎡ E = 1 Cv 2 ⎤
⎢⎣ 2 ⎥⎦
Thévenin Equivalent:
+
R C vC (t )
vI (t ) +
– –
vC − vI dvC
+C =0
R dt
dvC t ≥ t0
RC + vC = vI
dt vC (t0 ) given
units
of time
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
+
R C vC (t )
v I (t ) +
–
–
vI (t ) = VI
vC (0 ) = V0 given
dvC
RC + vC = VI X
dt
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
dVI
RC + VI = VI
dt
0
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
so, V0 = VI + A
or A = V0 − VI
−t
thus vC = VI + (V0 − VI ) e RC
also
dvC (V − VI ) −t
iC = C =− 0 e RC
dt R
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
vC
VI
V0
t
0
RC
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
5V 5V
−t −t
5 + 5e RC 5e RC
0V t 0V t
VO = 0V 5 VO = 5V 5
VI = 5V 0 VI = 0V 0
τ = RC
Remember
B
demo
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007. MIT
OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].