> x <-

c(22,21,22,21,21,21,22,24,22,24,26,28,29,30,29,26,28,28,28,26,28,28,26,24,26,26,24,
24,28,30)
> n <- length(x)
> n
[1] 30
> xsred <- mean(x)
> xsred
[1] 25.4
> s <- sd(x)
> s
[1] 2.943139
> alfa <- 1-0.98
> alfa
[1] 0.02
> zalfapol <- qnorm(alfa/2)
> zalfapol
[1] -2.326348
> li <- xsred-abs(zalfapol)*s/sqrt(n)
> li
[1] 24.14996
> di <- xsred+abs(zalfapol)*s/sqrt(n)
> di
[1] 26.65004
> k <- n-1
> k
[1] 29
> hialfapol <- 0.5*(zalfapol+sqrt(2*k-1))^2
> hialfapol
[1] 13.64241
> z1alfapol <- qnorm(1-alfa/2)
> z1alfapol
[1] 2.326348
> hi1alfapol <- 0.5*(z1alfapol+sqrt(2*k-1))^2
> hi1alfapol
[1] 48.76949
> s2 <- sd(x)*sd(x)
> s2
[1] 8.662069
> liv <- (n-1)*s2/hi1alfapol
> liv
[1] 5.150761
> div <- (n-1)*s2/hialfapol
> div
[1] 18.41317