Characteristics Innate Immunity

S.N. Adaptive immunity

Adaptive immunity is created in

Innate immunity is something
1. Presence response to exposure to a
already present in the body.
foreign substance.

2. Specificity Non-Specific Specific

3. Response Fights any foreign invader Fight only specific infection

4. Response Rapid Slow (1-2 weeks)

5. Potency Limited and Lower potency High potency

Once activated against a specific The span of developed

6. Time span type of antigen, the immunity immunity can be lifelong or
remains throughout the life. short.

Innate type of immunity is Adaptive immunity is not passed

7. Inheritance generally inherited from parents from the parents to offspring,
and passed to offspring. hence it cannot be inherited.

Cannot react with equal potency Adaptive system can remember

8. Memory upon repeated exposure to the the specific pathogens which
same pathogen. have encountered before.

Develops during a person’s

9. Presence Present at birth
lifetime and can be short-lived.

Immediate and Delay

10. Allergic Reaction None
hypersensitivity

Microbes and non-microbial

11. Used Against For microbes
substances called antigens

12. Memory No memory Long term memory

13. Diversity Limited High

14. Speed Faster response Slower response

Complement system
15. Alternative and lectin pathways Classical pathway
activation

Anatomic and Skin, Mucous membranes, Lymph nodes, spleen, mucosal

16.
physiological barriers Temp, pH, chemicals, etc. associated lymphoid tissue.

The innate immune system is

composed of physical and
chemical barriers, phagocytic Adaptive immune system is
17. Composition
leukocytes, dendritic cells, composed of B cells and T cells.
natural killer cells, and plasma
proteins.

Evolutionary, older and is found Adaptive immunity system has

18. Development in both vertebrates and been developed recently and is
invertebrates. found only in the vertebrates.

Chickenpox vaccination so that

White blood cells fighting we don’t get chickenpox
19. Example bacteria, causing redness and because adaptive immunity
swelling, when you have a cut. system has remembered the
foreign body.