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Soalan Pecutan SPM Kertas 2 Bahagian A
Soalan Pecutan SPM Kertas 2 Bahagian A
1. (a) We can smell perfume while we walk past cosmetic counters. Diagram 6.1 shows
the perfume particles have left the open bottle and spread through the air.
Kita dapat menghidu bau minyak wangi apabila melepasi kaunter kosmetik.
Zarah-zarah minyak wangi telah keluar dari botol yang terbuka dan tersebar ke
udara.
(i) Based on kinetic theory of matter, state the process involved. Explain your
answer.
Berdasarkan teori kinetik jirim, nyatakan proses yang terlibat. Terangkan jawapan
anda.
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[2 marks]
(ii) Predict the change of the movement of perfume particles if the bottle is
placed under sunlight.
Ramalkan perubahan pergerakan zarah-zarah minyak wangi jika botol tersebut
diletakkan di bawah cahaya matahari.
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[1 mark]
(b) Diagram 2 shows the graph of temperature against time when substance X is
heated from 60o C to 90o C.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa bila bahan X dipanaskan dari 60o C kepada
90o C.
Temperature / oC
B C
80
60
Time / s
t1 t2
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[1 mark]
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[2 mark]
(v) Draw a labelled diagram to show the apparatus set-up to determine the
melting point of acetamide. The diagram must include the apparatus and
materials given in Table 6.
Lukis satu rajah berlabel untuk menunjukkan susunan radas bagi menentukan takat
lebur bagi asetamida. Rajah itu hendaklah menggunakan radas dan bahan yang
diberi dalam Jadual 6.
[2 mark]
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[1 mark]
[2 marks]
(iii) If 2.4 g of magnesium react completely with oxygen, calculate the mass of
magnesium oxide produced in the reaction.
Jika 2.4 g magnesium bertindak balas lengkap dengan oksigen, hitung jisim
magnesium oksida yang dihasilkan dalam tindak balas itu.
[Jisim atom relatif: Mg = 24; O = 16]
[2 marks]
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[2 mark]
(ii) Write chemical equation for the reaction between the acid and the metal in
(b)(i).
Tuliskan persamaan kimia untuk tindak balas di antara asid dan logam di (b)(i).
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[2 mark]
(iii) State one precaution that must be taken before the oxide of copper is
heated.
Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil sebelum oksida kuprum
dipanaskan.
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[1 mark]
Table 3
[3 mark]
(e) Tenaga diperlukan supaya fungsi organ dalam badan berjalan dengan normal.
Banyak tisu menggunakan lemak dan tenaga sebagai punca kepada tenaga,
contohnya sel pada otak dan sel darah merah hanya boleh menggunakan glukosa.
Glukosa disimpan di dalam badan sebagai glikogen. Rajah menunjukkan formula
struktur glukosa.
Energy is required for the normal functioning of the organs in the body. Many tissues can
also use fat or protein as an energy source but others, such as the brain and red blood
cells, can only use glucose. Glucose is stored in the body as glycogen. Diagram shows the
structural formula of glucose.
Rajah 2
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[ 1 markah ]
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[ 2 markah ]
1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 A
2 W R
Unsur Peralihan
Transition Elements
3 D Q M
4 E T
5 S
Rajah 3
(a) (i) Elements M and T are placed in the same group in the Periodic Table of
Elements. What is the name of the group?
Unsur M dan T terletak dalam kumpulan yang sama dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.
Apakah nama bagi kumpulan itu?
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[1 mark]
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[2 mark]
(iii) Element D react with water to produced metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Write a balance chemical equation.
Unsur D bertindak balas dengan air untuk menghasilkan logam hidroksida dan gas
hidrogen. Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang.
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[1 mark]
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[1 marks]
(b) Between element D and M which is bigger in atomic size. Explain why.
Di antara unsur D dan M yang mana satukah lebih besar. Terangkan mengapa.
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[3 marks]
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[1 mark]
(ii) Gas A and gas W react to produce a compound. Write a balance chemical
equation.
Gas A dan gas W bertindak balas untuk menghasilkan sebatian. Tuliskan persamaan
kimia yang seimbang.
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[2 mark]
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[1 mark]
12 35 24 16
6
P 17
Q 12
R 8
S
(i) Unsur R bertindak balas dengan unsur Q untuk membentuk satu sebatian.
Lukiskan rajah susunan elektron untuk menunjukkan bagaimana ikatan
kimia terbentuk
Element R reacts with element Q to form a compound. Draw the electron
arrangement structure to shows how chemical bond formed.
[ 2 markah ]
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[ 3 markah ]
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(iii) Apakah yang di maksudkan dengan isotop. Berikan satu contoh kegunaan
isotop dalam kehidupan seharian.
What is meant by isotope. Give one example of usage of isotope in daily life
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[ 2 markah ]
(iv) Unsur P bertindak balas dengan unsur S untuk membentuk satu sebatian.
Lukiskan rajah susunan elektron untuk menunjukkan bagaimana ikatan
kimia terbentuk
Element P reacts with element S to form a compound. Draw the electron
arrangement structure to shows how chemical bond formed.
[ 2 markah ]
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[ 3 markah ]
4. (a) Diagram 4.1 shows the apparatus set-up to investigate the electrolysis of 1.0 mol
dm-3 potassium chloride solution.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji elektrolisis larutan kalium klorida
1.0 mol dm-3.
Diagram 4.1
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[1 mark]
(ii) State all anions that are present in potassium chloride solution.
Nyatakan semua anion yang hadir dalam larutan kalium klorida.
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[1 mark]
(iii) The gas collected at electrode P decolorised a moist blue litmus paper.
Name the gas. Explain why the gas is released.
Gas yang terkumpul pada elektrod P melunturkan kertas litmus biru lembap.
Namakan gas tersebut. Terangkan mengapa gas tersebut terhasil.
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[2 marks]
(iv) Write the half equation to show the formation of gas in (a)(iii).
Tuliskan persamaan setengah untuk menunjukkan penghasilan gas di (a)(iii).
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[1 mark]
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[1 mark]
(vi) Describe briefly a chemical test to verify the product formed in (a)(v).
Huraikan secara ringkas ujian kimia untuk mengesahkan hasil yang terbentuk di
(a)(v)
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[2 marks]
(b) The experiment is repeated by using 0.001 mol dm-3 of potassium chloride
solution.
Eksperimen ini di ulangi dengan menggunakan larutan kalium klorida 0.001 mol dm-3.
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[1 mark]
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[1 mark]
5. Diagram 3.1 shows the reaction occurred in a chemical cell using magnesium ribbon and
copper plate as electrodes.
Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan tindak balas yang berlaku dalam suatu sel kimia menggunakan pita
magnesium dan kepingan kuprum sebagai elektrod.
(a) State all the ions present in the sodium chloride solution.
Nyatakan semua ion yang hadir dalam larutan natrium klorida.
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[1 mark]
(b) Magnesium electrode acts as negative terminal.
Elektrod magnesium bertindak sebagai terminal negatif
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[1 mark]
(ii) State the observation at negative terminal.
Nyatakan pemerhatian pada terminal negatif.
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[1 mark]
(d) Diagram 6.2 shows a heart pacemaker. Heart pacemakers have successfully
prolonged the life of many patients with heart diseases. A heart pacemaker is
made of a pair of zinc and silver metal cell and function as chemical cell in the
body. The cell is implanted under the patient’s chest.
Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan perentak jantung. Perentak jantung telah berjaya memanjangkan
hayat ramai pesakit jantung. Perentak jantung diperbuat daripada sel pasangan logam
zink dan argentum dan berfungsi sebagai sel kimia dalam badan. Sel ini ditanam dalam
dada pesakit.
Using same pair of metal as in a heart peacemakers and suitable electrolyte, draw
an apparatus set-up for the chemical cell in the laboratory. Label the negative and
positive terminal of the cell
Dengan menggunakan pasangan logam yang sama seperti dalam perentak jantung dan
elektrolit yang sesuai, lukis susunan radas sel kimia dalam makmal. Labelkan terminal
negatif dan positif sel tersebut.
[2 mark]
6. The graph in Diagram 4 shows the curve of experiment I and II that was carried out to
study the rate of reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid.
Graf di Rajah 4 menunjukkan lengkung bagi eksperimen I dan II yang di jalankan bagi mengkaji
kadar tindak balas antara kalsium karbonat dan asid hidroklorik
Diagram 4
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[1 mark]
(ii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between calcium carbonate and
hydrochloric acid.
Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara kalsium karbonat dengan asid
hidroklorik.
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[2 marks]
(iii) Calculate the mass of calcium carbonate that reacted with 100 cm3 of 0.5
mol dm-3 of hydrochloric acid in experiment I
Hitung jisim bagi kalsium karbonat yang bertindak balas dengan 100cm3 asid
hidroklorik 0.5 mol dm-3 berlebihan dalam eksperimen I
[Molar mass : Ca = 40; molar volume of gas at room temp = 24 dm3]
[3 marks]
(b) (i) Calculate the rate of reaction for both experiments
Kira kadar eksperimen untuk kedua-dua eksperimen ini.
[2 marks]
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[1 mark]
(c) State one other factors that can affect the rate of reaction in this experiment.
Explain in terms of the collision theory.
Nyatakan satu faktor yang boleh mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas dalam eksperimen
ini. Terangkan dari segi teori pelanggaran.
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[5 marks]
“Gangguan terhadap aliran darah pesakit pada suhu darah yang normal semasa
pembedahan akan menyebabkan risiko kerosakan otak dan organ-organ lain. Perkara ini
disebabkan pengurangan bekalan oksigen ke otak dan organ-organ lain. Pada masa kini,
doktor melaksanakan kaedah pembedahan suhu rendah. Suhu rendah akan menurunkan
kadar tindak balas dalam badan pesakit, dengan kata lain, metabolisme. Oleh itu akan
merendahkan permintaan terhadap oksigen.”
(i) Based on the information above, state the factor that affect the rate of
reaction in a human body.
Berdasarkan maklumat di atas, nyatakan faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak
balas dalam badan manusia.
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[1 mark]
(ii) Explain how method of low temperature surgery can overcome the problem
faced by surgery under normal body temperature.
Terangkan bagaimana kaedah pembedahan suhu rendah boleh mengatasi masalah
yang dihadapi dalam pembedahan di bawah suhu badan normal.
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[1 mark]
7. Diagram 5 shows the preparation of the standard solution of sodium hydroxide, NaOH,
0.1 mol dm-3.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan penyediaan larutan piawai natrium hidroksida, NaOH, 0.1 mol dm -3.
Diagram 5
(a) (i) State two parameters that should be measured accurately to prepare the
standard solution of sodium hydroxide, NaOH, 0.1 mol dm-3.
Nyatakan dua parameter yang perlu diukur dengan tepat untuk menyediakan
larutan piawai natrium hidroksida, NaOH, 0.1 mol dm-3.
1. ……………………………………………………………………………..........................
2. ……………………………………………………………………………..........................
[2 marks]
(ii) What must be done to ensure that the meniscus level of the standard
solution is exactly brought into line with the graduation mark on the
volumetric flask?
Apakah yang mesti dilakukan untuk memastikan paras meniskus larutan piawai
adalah tepat berada pada garis tanda senggatan pada kelalang volumetrik?
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[1 mark]
(iii) Calculate the mass of sodium hydroxide needed to prepare the standard
solution of 0.1 mol dm-3 in 1 dm3 volumetric flask.
[Relative atomic mass Na = 23, O = 16, H = 1]
Hitung jisim natrium hidroksida yang diperlukan untuk menyediakan larutan piawai
0.1 mol dm-3 dalam kelalang volumetrik 1 dm3.
[2 marks]
(b) P and Q are 0.1 mol dm-3 ammonia solution in different solvents. Ammonia is a
weak alkali. Table 5 shows the observation obtained when the properties of these
two solutions are compared.
P dan Q adalah larutan ammonia 0.1 mol dm -3 di dalam pelarut yang berbeza. Ammonia
adalah alkali lemah. Jadual 5 menunjukkan pemerhatian yang diperolehi apabila sifat bagi
kedua-dua larutan ini dibandingkan.
Cannot conduct
Ability to conduct electricity Can conduct electricity electricity
Kebolehan mengkonduksikan Boleh mengkonduksi arus Tidak boleh
arus elektrik elektrik mengkonduksi arus
elektrik
Table 5
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[1 mark]
(iv) 15.0 cm3 of solution P requires 25.0 cm3 of sulphuric acid for a complete
reaction. Calculate the molarity of sulphuric acid.
15.0 cm3 larutan P memerlukan 25.0 cm 3 asid sulfurik untuk bertindak balas dengan
lengkap. Hitung kemolaran asid sulfurik tersebut.
[1 mark]
(v) Reaction of solution P with sulphuric acid produce a salt. State the use of
the salt.
Tindak balas larutan P dengan asid sulfurik menghasilkan suatu garam. Nyatakan
kegunaan garam tersebut.
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[1 mark]
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[2 marks]
X : ………………………………………………………………………………..
W : ……………………………………………………………………………….
Z : …………………………………………………………………………………
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[1 mark]
(ii) This reaction uses a catalyst to speed-up the reaction. Name the catalyst
Tindak balas ini menggunakan mangkin untuk meningkatkan tindak balas.
Namakan mangkin tersebut
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[1 mark]
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[2 marks]
[1 mark]
Type of manufactured
substance Example Component
Contoh Komponen
Jenis bahan buatan
Table 2
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[1 mark]
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(iii) Food additive Q is lecithin. What happen if food additive Q is not added into
the ice cream?
Bahan tambah makanan Q ialah lesitin. Apakah yang akan berlaku jika bahan
tambah makanan Q tidak ditambah ke dalam ais krim?
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[1 mark]
(iv) Artificial colouring which is added into the ice cream can cause hyperactive
to children. Suggest one natural colouring substance that can be added to
replace artificial colouring.
Pewarna tiruan yang ditambah ke dalam ais krim menyebabkan hiperaktif kepada
kanak-kanak. Cadangkan satu pewarna daripada bahan semulajadi yang boleh
digunakan untuk menggantikan pewarna tiruan.
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[1 mark]
(C) Diagram 5.4 is a banting placed in front of a health clinic. It shows the information
to people in one residential area.
Rajah 5.4 menunjukkan satu kain rentang yang dipamerkan di hadapan sebuah klinik
kesihatan untuk memberi informasi kepada penduduk satu taman perumahan
X : ………………………………………………………….
Y : ………………………………………………………….
[2 marks]
X : ………………………………………………………….
Y : ………………………………………………………….
[3 marks]
(iii) A patient treated with type Y medicine must finish all medicine given by the
doctor according set of schedules to ensure that all bacteria are killed. What
will happen if the patient does not finish the medicine given?
Seorang pesakit yang dirawat menggunakan ubat jenis Y perlu menghabiskan
semua bekalan ubat yang diberikan oleh doktor mengikut jadual bagi memastikan
semua bakteria telah dimusnahkan. Apakah yang akan berlaku sekiranya pesakit
tersebut jika beliau tidak menghabiskan ubat yang dibekalkan?
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[1 mark]
(iv) A patient come to see the doctor with depression and having trouble
sleeping. Suggest medicine for the patient and explain the choice of
medicine.
Seorang pesakit datang berjumpa dengan doctor mempunyai masalah kemurungan
dan susah untuk tidur. Cadangkan ubat untuk pesakit itu dan terangkan pilihan ubat
tersebut.
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[2 marks]
10. Diagram 7.2 shows the apparatus set-up and materials to study the reactivity series of
metals
Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan susunan radas dan bahan untuk mengkaji siri kereaktifan logam
Table 6
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[2 marks]
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[1 mark]
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[1 mark]
(b) Based on set II and set III, explain the difference in the observations.
Berdasarkan set II dan set III, terangkan perbezaan dalam pemerhatian itu.
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[2 marks]
(c) Arrange metal X, carbon, magnesium and iron in ascending order of reactivity
towards oxygen.
Susun logam X, karbon, magnesium dan ferum dalam susunan menaik kereaktifan
terhadap oksigen.
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[1 mark]
(d) Diagram 6.2 shows flaky brown solid layer which is porous formed on the surface
of iron knife.
Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan lapisan kepingan perang yang telap air di atas permukaan pisau.
Diagram 6.2
(i) Name the process for the formation of the brown solid.
Namakan proses pembentukan pepejal perang tersebut.
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[1 mark]
(ii) Draw a labeled diagram to show the mechanism of the process in d (i), the
flow of electron and the half equation at the anode.
Lukiskan gambar rajah berlabel untuk menunjukkan mekanisma proses di d (i),
pengaliran elektron dan persamaan setengah di anod.
[2 marks]
11. (a) A reaction between bromine water and potassium halide solutions are conducted
as diagram below.
Tindak balas di antara air klorin dengan larutan kalium halida di jalankan seperti rajah di
bawah.
Bromine water
Air bromin
+
Potassium iodide
solution
Larutan kalium iodida
+ Brown
tetrachloromethane Perang
tetraklorometana
Purple
ungu
Experiment I
Bromine water
Air bromin
+
Potassium chloride
solution
Larutan kalium klorida
+ Light brown
tetrachloromethane Perang cair
tetraklorometana
brown
perang
Experiment II
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[2 marks]
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[1 mark]
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[3 marks]
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[2 marks]
(b) Reaction of chlorine water with iron (II) sulphate is conducted as diagram below.
Tindak balas di antara air klorin dengan larutan ferum (II) sulfat di jalankan seperti rajah
di bawah
Dropper
Penitis
Chlorine water
Air klorin
Diagram 5
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[1 mark]
(ii) State the changes of colour of the solution in the test tube
Nyatakan perubahan warna pada larutan di dalam tabung uji
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[1 mark]
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[1 mark]
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[1 mark]
(v) Iron (III) ions is produced in this reaction. Explain how the ion can be
identify.
Ion ferum (III) di hasilkan dalam tindak balas ini. Terangkan bagimana ion ini boleh
di kenal pasti.
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[2 marks]
END OF REVISION
GOOD LUCK TO SPM 2018 STUDENTS