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Ghosh 1988
Ghosh 1988
Ghosh 1988
To cite this article: Gautam Ghosh & B. N. Samaddar (1988) An Optimum Firing Schedule of a Standardized Bone-china
Ware, Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society, 47:1, 16-19, DOI: 10.1080/0371750X.1988.10822875
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An Optimum Firing Schedule of a Standardized
Bone-china Ware
GAUTAM GHOSH AND B. N. SAMADDAR
From an analysis of translucency vs. soaking time data at different given bone-china ware. An attempt has been made in
temperatures and translucency-temperature curves for different the present paper to use this relationship for an accept-
soaking times in case of a standardized bone-china body, an
"optimum" value of the translucency has been suggested by taking
able value of translucency to decide upon an optimum
into consideration the conditions of bloating. It is suggested that the firing schedule for a standardized bone-china body.
curves showing translucency vs. temperature at various times of The result reported in this paper involved unglazed
soaking can be utilized for quality control for almost any standard bone-china body. However, for glazed bodies the result
bone-china body with minor adjustments. would not be substantially affected (Table I).
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Introduction Experimental
Bone-china wares are the most popular among the The standardized composition of the bone-china ware
quality crockery products for their whiteness and trans- was as follows: China clay (Rajmahal) 38 %, felspar
lucency, and the scope they offer for varieties of deco- 17 %, bone ash 40% and quartz 5 %. The analyses of
ration. The aesthetic quality of bone-china depends the raw materials used have already been reported. 1
mainly on its translucency and whiteness. The tFanslu- Square plates of length 2.5 em were cast, dried and
cency is dependent on the thickness of the wares, 1 • 2 as fired in a muffle furnace (± I oq between II50° and
also on the amount of glass formed during firing. 3
1250°C for 20-400 mins of soaking.
The change of translucency as a function of thickness
The composition of the glaze used was as follows:
at different firing temperatures and soaking times has
Frit mixture-red lead 23 %, borax I9 %, quartz 26 %,
already been reported1 by the present authors; the
translucency did not show a significant variation with whiting 9 %, felspal' 23 %. Mill mixture-frit 84 %,
thickness at any given firing temperature fop any given felspa11 9%, kaolin (China clay) 7%.
soaking time. The sample thickness ranged from about The translucency was measlll'ed in a standard trans-
1.1 mm to about 2.2 mm. For this range of thickness, lucency meter reported earlier. 1 The meter used was
the relationship of translucency with firing temperatme calibrated between I 00% transmission when there was
and soaking time was expected to throw light on the no sample in the sample holder (i.e. air) and zero trans-
quality control aspects in terms of a firing schedule of a mission when the light source was completely blocked.
Table I: Translucency of both biscuit and glazed bodies for a biscuit firing at 1250' C
(Glost firing, 1050°C)
Soaking time, 20 mins Soaking time, 50 mins Soaking time, 100 ruins
Biscuit body Glazed body Biscuit body Glazed body Biscuit body Glazed body
------
Thick- Translu- Thick- Translu- Thick- Translu- Thick- Translu- Thick- Translu- Thick- Translu-
ness cency ness cency ness cency ness cency ness cency ness cency
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1.10 3.20 1.36 3.10 1.11 9.50 1.34 9.50 1.10 11.90 1.33 11.90
1.52 2.90 1.79 2.90 1.50 9.30 1.76 9.30 1.54 11.80 1.77 11.80
1.68 2.90 1.90 2.80 1.66 9.30 1.94 9.20 1.62 11.80 1.85 11.70
1.78 2.80 2.14 2.70 1.70 9.20 2.00 9.10 1.78 11.70 2.01 11.70
1.86 2.80 2.26 2.60 1.84 9.20 2.16 9.10 1.88 11.70 2.11 11.70
2.18 2.60 2.64 2.40 2.18 9.00 2.52 8.90 2.19 11.60 2.42 11.60
-----------------------------------------------------·----~-
9 14
7 12- BISCUIT
6 10
»() 5 6
r::..,
()
::s
"iii
r::~
~ 4 6
o.e.
4 1200'C
$ 1150'C
0 _ THINNEST(... \ I mm)
2 0 - THICKEST("'2.1 mm I
THINNESTc-vl.l mm l 2
THICKESH"2.1 mm l
1 ._----~------~----~~----~-----
0 100 200 300 400 100 200 300 400
Soaking time (min)
Fig. 1-Translucency vs. soaking time at different temperatures.
13 14 -
" 12
10
1250'C
6
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0 - THINNEST (,,,J,Imm)
3 0- THINNEST(,.!. I mm) 4 0- THICKEST IN2,2mm)
0- THJCKEST[N2.1mm)
2 ~~--~----~------L------L------
0 50 100 150 200
Soaking time (min)
Fig. 2-Translucency vs. soaking time at different temperatures.
[MS received March 20, 1987; revised copy received January 8, 1988]