CONTENTS

Preface to the Second Edition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Preface to the First Edition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vii

Notations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Chapter 1. Beam-cohnns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Differential Equations for Beam-columns . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 Beam-column with Concentrated Lateral Load . . . . . . . . 3
1.4 Several Concentrated Loads . . . . . . . . . . . J . 7
1.5 Continuous Lateral Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.6 Bending of a Beam-column by Couples . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.7 Approximate Formula for Deflections. . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.8 Beam-columns with Built-in Ends . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.9 Beam-columns with Elastic Restraints . . . . . . . . . . 17
1.10 Continuous Beams with Axial Loads . . . . . . . . . . . 19
1.11 Application of Trigonometric Series . . . . . . . . . . . 24
1.12 The Effect of Initial Curvature on Deflections . . . . . . . . 31
1.13 Determination of Allowable Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . 37

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Chapter 2 Elastic Buckling of Bars and Frames . . . . . . . . . 46
2.1 Euler's Column Formula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
2.2 Alternate Form of the Differential Equation for Determining Critical
Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
2.3 The Use of Beam-column Theory in Calculating Critical Loads . . . 59
2.4 Buckling of Frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
2.5 Buckling of Continuous Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
2.6 Buckling of Continuous Beams on Elastic Supports . . . . . . 70
2.7 Large Deflectionsof Buckled Bars (the Elastica) . . . . . . . 76
2.8 The Energy Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
2.9 Approximate Calculation of Critical Loads by thp Energy Method . . 88
2.10 Buckling of a Bar on an Elastic Foundation . . . . . . . . . 94
2.1 1 Buckling of a Bar with Intermediate Compressive Forbes . . . . . 98
2.12 Buckling of a Bar under Distributed Axial Loads . . . . . . . 100
2.13 Buckling of a Bar on an Elastic Foundation under Distributed Axial
Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
2.14 Buckling of Bars with Changes in Cross Section . . . . . . . 113
2.15 The Determination of Critical Loads by Successive Approximations . . 116
2.16 Bars with Continuously Varying Cross Section . . . . . . . . 125
2.17 The Effect of Shearing Force on the Critical Load . . . . . . . 132
xi
xii CONTENTS

2.18 Buckling of Built-up Columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

2.19 Buckling of Helical Springs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
2.20 Stability of a System of Bars . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
2.21 The Case of Nonconservative Forces . . . . . . . . . . . 152
2.22 Stability of Prismatic Bars under Varying Axial Forces . . . . . 158
Chapter 3 . Inelastic Buckling of Bars . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
3.1 Inelastic Bending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
3.2 Inelastic Bending Combined with Axial Load . . . . . . . . 167
3.3 Inelastic Buckling of Bars (Fundamental Case) . . . . . . . . 175
3.4 Inelastic Buckling of Bars with Other End Conditions. . . . . . 182
Chapter 4 . Experiments and Design Formulas . . . . . . . . . 185
4.1 Column Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
4.2 Ideal-column Formulas as a Basis of Column Design . . . . . . 192
4.3 Empirical Formulas for Column Design . . . . . . . . . 195
4.4 Assumed Inaccuracies as a Basis of Column Design . . . . . . 197
4.5 Various End Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
4.6 The Deaigh of Built-up Columns . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Chapter 6 . Torsional Buckling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
5.2 Pure Torsion of Thin-walled Bars of Open Cross Section . . . . . 212
5.3 Nonuniform Torsion of Thin-walled Bars of Open Cross Section . . . 218
5.4 Torsional Buckling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
5.5 Buckling by Torsion and Flexure . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
5.6 Combined Torsional and Flexural Buckling of a Bar with Continuous
Elastic Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
5.7 Torsional Buckling under Thrust and End htoments . . . . . . 244
Chapter 6 . Lateral Buckling of Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
6.1Differential Equations for Lateral Buckling . . . . . . . . . 251
6.2Lateral Buckling of Beams in Pure Bending . . . . . . . . . 253
6.3Lateral Buckling of a Cantilever Beam . . . . . . . . . . 257
6.4Lateral Buckling of Simply Supported I Beams . . . . . . . . 262
6.5Lateral Buckling of Simply Supported Beam of Narrow Rectangular
Cross Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
6.6 Other Cases of Lateral Buckling . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
6.7 Inelastic Lateral Buckling of I Beams . . . . . . . . . . 272
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Chapter 7 Buckling of Rings, Curved Bars, and Arches . . . . . . 278
7.1 Bending of a Thin Curved Bar with a Circular Axis . . . . . . 278
7.2 Application of Trigonometric Series in the Analysis of a Thin Circular
Ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
7.3 Effect of Uniform Pressure on Bending of a Circular Ring . . . . . 287
7.4 Buckling of Circular Rings and Tubes under Uniform External Pressure 289
7.5 The Design of Tubes under Uniform External Pressure on the Basis of
Assumed Inaccuracies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
7.6 Buckling of a Uniformly Compressed Circular Arch . . . . . . 297
7.7 Arches of Other Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
7.8 Buckling of Very Flat Curved B m . . . . . . . . . . . 305
 CONTENTS xiii
7.9 Buckling of a Bimetallic Strip . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
. . . . . .
7.10 Lateral Buckling of a Curved Bar with Cicular Axis 313
Chapter 8. Bending of Thin Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
8.1 Pure Bending of Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
8.2 Bending of Plates by Distributed Lateral Load . . . . . . . . 325
8.3 Combined Bending and Tension or Compreasion of Plates . . . . . 332
8.4 Strain Energy in Bending of Plates . . . . . . . . . . . 335
8.5 Deflections of Rectangular Plates with Simply Supported Edges . . . 340
8.6 Bending of Plates with a Small Initial Curvature . . . . . . . 344
8.7 Large Deflections of Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Chapter 9 . Buckling of Thin Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348
9.1 Methods of Calculation of Critical Loads . . . . . . . . . 348
9.2 Buckling of Simply Supported Rectangular Plates Uniformly Compressed
in One Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
9.3 Buckling of Simply Supported Rectangular Plates Compressed in Two
Perpendicular Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
9.4 Buckling of Uniformly Compressed Rectangular Plates Simply Supported
along Two Opposite Sides Perpendicular to the Direction of Compression
and Having Various Edge Conditions along the Other T w o Sides . . 360
9.5 Buckling of a Rectangular Plate Simply Supported along T w o Opposite
Sides and Uniformly Compressed in the Direction Parallel to Those Sidea . 370
9.6 Buckling of a Simply Supported Rectangular Plate under Combined
Bending and Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
9.7 Buckling of Rectangular Plates under the Action of Shearing Stresses . 379
9.8 Other Cases of Buckling of Rectangular Plates . . . . . . . . 385
9.9 Buckling of Circular Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
9.10 Buckling of Plates of Other Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . 392
9.11 Stability of Plates Reinforced by Ribs . . . . . . . . . . 394
9.12 Buckling of Plates beyond Proportional Limit . . . . . . . . 408
9.13 Large Deflections of Buckled Plates . . . . . . . . . . . 411
9.14 Ultimate Strength of Buckled Plates . . . . . . . . . . . 418
9.15 Experiments on Buckling of Plates . . . . . . . . . . . 423
9.16 Practical Applications of the Theory of Buckling of Plates . . . . 429
Chapter 10 . Bending of Thin Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
10.1 Deformation of an Element of a Shell . . . . . . . . . 440
10.2 Symmetrical Deformation of a Circular Cylindrical Shell . . . . 443
10.3 Inextensional Deformation of a Circular Cylindrical Shell . . . . . 445
10.4 General Case of Deformation of a Cylindrical Shell . . .
. . . . 448
10.5 Symmetrical Deformation of a Spherical Shell . . . .
. . . . 453

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Chapter 11 Buckling of Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
11.1 Symmetrical Buckling of a Cylindrical Shell under the Action of IJniform
Axial Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
11.2 Inextensional Forms of Bending of Cylindrical Shells Due to Instability . 461
11.3 Buckling of a Cylindrical Shell under the Action of Uniform Axial Pressure 462
11.4 Experiments with Cylindrical Shells in Axial Compression . . . . . 468
11.5 Buckling of a Cylindrical Shell under the Action of Uniform External
Lateral Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
XiV CONTENTS
11.6 Bent or Eccentrically Compressed Cylindrical Shells . . . . . . 482
11.7 Axial Compression of Curved Sheet Panels . . . . . . . . . 485
11.8 Curved Sheet Panels under Shear or Combined Shear and Axial Stress . 488
11.9 Buckling of a Stiffened Cylindrical Shell under Axial Compression . . 490
11.10 Buckling of a Cylindrical Shell under Combined Axial and Uniform
Lateral Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495
11.11 Buckling of a Cylindrical Shell Subjected to Torsion . . . . . . 500
11.12 Buckling of Conical Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
11.13 Buckling of Uniformly Cornpressed Spherical Shells . . . . . . 512
Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521
Table A-1 . Table of the Functions + ( p ) , $b),x b ) . . . . . . . 521
.
Table A-2 Table of the Functions t~b) and h ( p ) . . . . . . . 529
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Table A.3 Properties of Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . 530
Name Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531
Subject Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636