Stringing

Stringing of the Moon or Tidal locking

The Moon's rotation and orbital periods are tidally locked with each other. This is also called
Stringing. You can think of the rope and kettle setup where after rotating the kettle around,
you create a centrifugal force which is instantaneously balanced by the centripetal force in
the string. This phenomenon where you could only see one side of the bucket is called
stringing, so much like the Moon, which is tidally locked with earth and no matter where the
moon is observed from Earth the same hemisphere of the Moon is always seen. But due to
the phenomena of libration and parallax, 59% of the Moon's total surface may be seen with
repeated observations from Earth.
The far side of the Moon was not seen until 1959 by Soviet spacecraft Luna 3.
A fun fact about Earth is, when it is observed from the moon, the Earth does not appear to
translate across the sky but appears to remain in the same place, rotating on its own axis.

References:

• The Moon
• Wikipedia