e]*f afv|fs]f %g]f^sf cfwf/x?

/ gZn ;'wf/

e]*f afv|fs]f %g]f^sf cfwf/

g]kfndf afv|fs]f b'wvfg] k|rng gePsf]n] df;' pTkfbgs]f lglDt pko'St x'g] vfns]f e]*f afv|fs]f %g]f^ ug'{ kb{% . e]*f afv|
fs]f /fd|]f %g]f^ gePs]f v)*df afv|f kfng af^ a(L kmfO{bf lng ;lsb}g . %g]f^ ub{f lgDg a'bfx?df Wog lbg' kb{% .
 :j:Yo km'lt{n]f, lhpdf /}f ;kSs ldn]s]f, rgfv]f sfg, cfvf, bfgf kflg ?rfP/ vfg], pd]/ cg';f/ zf/l/s a[l$ / t}fn ePs]f,
%/Lt]f, y't'g]f / gfs /l;n]f ePs]f .
 v'§f / uw{g %]f^]f / d]f^]f ePs]f &'n]f z/L/ ePs]f .
 lkmnf / sfwdf df;'n] ^Dd el/Ps]f, k%Fl* af^ x]b{f lqe'hfsf/s]f .
 afv|fs]f hft cg';f/s]f kf&fkf&Ls]f hGd t}fn 1=75 b]vL 3 s]=lh=, 6 dlxgfs]f pd]/df zf/Ll/s t}fn 15 s]=lh= eGbf
a(L ePs]f .
 hft cg';f/ em§ x]b{f hflto u')f k|:^ b]lvg] .
 18 dlxgfs]f pd]/df ;a} eGbf al( zf/Ll/s t}fn ePs]f afv|fs]f ;Gtfg .
 h'DNofxf aRrfx? dWo]s]f /fd|f] hGd t}fn ePs]f .
 c+u e+u gePs]f .
 v/Lb x'g] / kfnLg] &fp+s]f xfjf kfgL ldNb]f h'Nb]f ePs]f .
 ;fwf/)f /]fu Aolwn] s'g} c;/ gkg]{ .
 w}/} h;]f AolStn] ?rfpg] /+u ( sfn]f, s}n]f, w]fljlg, l;+uf/L ) ePs]f .
pk/]fSt ad]flhd u')f ePs]f afv|f , a]fsf %g]f^ ug{ ;s]df cfzf u/]cg';f/s]f ;kmntf kfpg ;lsG% . :d/)fLo s'/f s] % eg]
pNn]lvt laz]iftf vf; u/L :yflgo afv|fdf g} kfpg ;lsG% .
gZn ;'wf/
Joj;flos afv|fkfngdf afv|fsf] pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTjdf ;'wf/ Pj+ j[l$ Nofpg Jojl:yt k|hgg\n,] dxTjk")f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf]
x'G% . k|hgg Joj:yfkgjf^ pTkfbgsTjdf ;'wf/ Pj+ j[l$ ug{ k|d'v ?kdf tLg t/Lsfx? cjnDag ug{ ;lsG% .
1= sd pTkfbg lbg] jf pTkfbsTj sd ePdf sd;n vfnsf jfv|fnfO{ pGgt afv|fjf^ k|lt:yfkg ug]{ .
2= sd pTkfbg Ifdtf ePsf afv|fdf pGgt nfOgjf^ k|hgg\ u/fO{ s|; kf&fkf&L pTkfbg u/L pTkfbgsTjdf j[l$ Nofpg]
3= pko'Qm %gf}^ k|)ffnL ckgfO{ /fd|f] u')f ePsf jfv|fx? %fGb} s|lds ?kdf pTkfbsTj Pj+ pTkfbg Ifdtfdf a[l$
Nofpb} hfg] .
Ps lsl;dsf] xfjfkfgLdf x's{g] hft csf]{ lsl;dsf] xfjfkfgLdf n}hf+bf k|lts"n df}ifdsf] sf/)f gkm:^fpg] dfq xf]Og,
go+f hftsf afv|fn] k'/fgf] of :yfgLo hftsf]nfO{ k|lt:yfkg ub{f lgs} vlr{nf] x'g] ePsfn] of] k|s[of xfd|f] h:tf] b]zsf] lglDt
pko'Qm b]lvb}g .
j)f{ z+s/ M
:yfgLo hftsf afv|fdf ePsf /fd|f u')fx?, h:t} /f]u k|lt/f]w Ifdtf, h'DNofxf, ltDNofxf hGdfpg] u')f, b'O{ a]tsf] cGt/df
vf; km/s gx'g], sd;n cfxf/f Joj:yfkgdf klg lgj{fx u/L pTkfbg lbg ;Sg] cflb u')fnfO{ klg lgj{fx u/L pTkfbg Ifdtf pRr ePsf
hftsf jfv|fx?;+u k|hgg u/fO{ ;du| pTkfbsTjdf j[l$ ug]{ k|)ffnLnfO{ j)f{z+s/ k|hgg\ k|)ffnL elgG% . of] k|)ffnL ckgfp+bf
Ps kIfLo u')f dfq gx]/L b'O{ kIfLo cfly{s dxTjsf u')fx? dfly ljrf/ k'Cofpg' kg]{ x'G% .
%gf}^ k|hgg\ M
of] k|s[ofnfO{ ;d"xLs[t %gf}& k|hgg\ k|)ffnL klg elgG% . xfdLnfO{ yfxf % ls s'g} klg lhjLt k|f)fLdf kfOg]
;Dk")f{ u')fx? o;sf] j'jf tyf cfdfjf^ cfwf cfwf u/]/ k|fKt x'G%g\ . o; cy{df /fd|f] cfdfj'jfjf^ lg:s]sf ;Gtfg ;fwf/)ftof /fd|f] x'g]
ub{%g\ . o; l;$fGtsf] cfwf/df k|hgg\sf] nflu cfly{s dxTjsf u')fx? /fd|f] ePsf] af]sf tyf jfv|Lx? %gf}^ u/L k|hgg\
u/fO{ lg:s]sf ;Gtfgdf tL cfly{s dxTjsf u')fx?df ;'wf/ Nofpg] k$tL g} %gf}^ k|)ffnL xf] . %gf}^ sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L
jgfpg ;aeGbf klxn] /fd|f] /]s*{ /fVg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kb{% . pTkfbg Ifdtf j+zf)f'ut u')fsf] ;fy} kfngkf]if)f sf] jftfj/)f /
Joj:yfkgdf ;d]t e/ kg]{ x'+bf %gf}^ ul/Psf u')fx? ;GttLdf ;g{ ;Sg] cg'kftn] tL u')fx?df ;GtgLdf ;g{ ;Sg] cg'kft a(L x'G% .
To:tf u')fsf] %gf}^ k|s[ofjf^ rf*f] ;'wf/ k|hgg\ ;DaGwL u')fx?sf] ;g]{ cg'kft sd x'G% .
k|hgg\ / kf&fkf&L pTkfbg M
Joj;flos afv|fkfngdf s[ifsn] k|hgg\ ;DaGwL lgDg s'/fdf Wofg lbg' cfjZos x'G% M
 pTkfbsTjdf j[l$ Nofpg xf*gftf gkg]{ k|hgg k|)ffnLsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kb{% .
 Hofb} df]^f] of b'Jnf] k|hggsf] nflu of]Uo x'b}g .
 20 afv|Lsf] lglDt Pp^f af]sf] kfNg pko'Qm x'G% .
 ;fwf/)ftof cfqmds k|s[ltsf] jf]sf] x'g'kb{% .
 jf]sf jyfgdf ;a}eGbf &"nf] / a(L tf}n ePsf] / km'lt{nf] x'g' kb{% .
 af]sfnfO{ 1 b]lv 5 jif{sf] pd]/;Dd k|hgg sfo{df nufpg ;lsG% . t/ xf*gftfsf] ;DaGw lbg' x'+b}g .
 t/fO{ / dWo kxf*df 10 dlxgf, pRr kxf*df 13 dlxgfsf] pd]/ k'u]kl% kf&LnfO{ af]sf nufpg' k%{ .
 k|To]s *]( *]( jif{df af]sf km]/L /xg' kb{% .
 kf&fkf&L / dfp jfv|Lx? ePsf] jf]sf g/fvL %'^[} /fVg] k|jGw ldnfpg' k%{ . xf*gftfsf] ;DaGw gePsf] x'g kb{% .
 jf]sfsf] z'qmls^sf] u')f:t/ /fd|f] x'g' kb{% .
 of}g c+udf s'g} lsl;dsf] v/fjL of /f]u nfu]sf] x'g' x'+b}g . /f]u nfu]s]f e]^]df To:tf] jf]sf of jfv|LnfO{ jyfgjf^
x^fpg h?/L x'G% .

1
  af]sf vf]h]sf] 24 #)^fleq jfnL nufpg' k%{ .
 olb af]sf nfu]kl% ue{ /x]g eg] km]/L 18 b]lv 21 lbgleq jf]sf vf]Hg] ub{% .
 g]kfndf w]/}h;f] JolQmn] ;]tf] /+usf] v;L jfv|f dg gkf/fpg] x'+bf k|hgg\ u/fp+bf o:tf] s'/fdf klg Wofg lbg' cfjZos
x'G% .
 Ps k^sdf b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a(L kf&fkf&L hGdfpg] jfv|L / h'DNofxf dWo]jf^ %gf}^ ul/Psf] jf]sf aLr qm; u/fpg'
j]z dflgG% .
afv|fsf] pTkfbg :t/df #^Lj(L x'g'df xfjfkfgL, cfxf/f, :jf:Yo ;+/If)f / jftfj/)fn] klg k|efj kf/]sf] x'G% . tfkgL Pp^}
xfjfkfgL, jftfj/)f / cfxf/fsf] Psgf;sf] Joj:yf ldnfp+bf klg gft]bf/ k|hggjf^ hGd]sf kf&fkf&Lx? gftf gkg]{;+u k|hggjf^ hGd]sf
kf&fkf&Lx? eGbf sd tf}nsf] x'g] ub{% .
g]kfndf k/Dk/fut rng cg';f/ 7 k':tf;Dd gftf gkg]{ /Qm ;DaGw x'g'kb{% eGg] ;fdflhs k|yf Pj+ lgod k/fk"j{sfn
b]lv g} :yflkt x'g k'u]sf] % . of] lgod kz'df nfu" gul/Psf]n] kl/)ffd :j?k xfd|f] kz'j:t'sf] pTkfbsTj qmdzM #^\b} uof] .
ljb]zL d'n'sx?df k|hgg Joj:yfkgdf k|z:t} ;'wf/ u/]sf]n] pTkfbsTjdf pNn]vgLo j[l$ u/]sf] % .
k|hgg ljlw / u'0f:t/ ;'wf/
kz'kfng Joj;fojf6 /fd|f] kmfObf lng /f]usf] /f]syfd tyf pkrf/, bfgfkfgL tyf
vf]/df ;'wf/ / /fd|f] :ofxf/ ;';f/ eP/ dfq} k'Ub}g p;sf] pTkfbg Ifdtfdf klg j[l4 u/fpg' k5{ . h;sf]
nflu kz'df a+z ;'wf/ -hftLo ;'wf/_ ;DaGwL t/Lsf ckgfpb} hfg' k5{ . j+z ;'wf/ ug{ lgDg
t/Lsfaf6 ug{ ;lsG5 M—
k|hgg ljlw M—
!= :jhftLo k|hgg -gftfkg]{ ljrsf] k|hgg_ M—
cfk\mgf] glhssf] gftfkg]{ -% b]vL & k':tf;Dd_ efn]kf]yL;+u k|hgg u/fO{ ;Gtfg
pTkfbg u/fpg] k|s[ofnfO{ gftfkg]{ ljrsf] k|hgg elgG5 . h:t} M Pp6} cfdfsf lbbLefO{,
afa'5f]/L, cfdf5f]/f, sfsfelthL, dfdfefGhL aLr k|hgg u/fpg'nfO{ hgfp5 .
csf]{ zAbdf eGg' kbf{ :jhftLo k|hgg eGgfn] Ps} hftsf] af]sf / afv|f jf Ps} hftsf y'df /
e]8L aLr k|hgg u/fpg'nfO{ hgfp+5 . gftf kg]{ af]sf / afv|f jf y'df / e]8L aLr slxNo} klg k|
hgg u/fpg' x'b}g . :jhftLo k|hgg u/fpg' k/]df % k':tf;Dddf gftf gkg]{ 5gf}6 ePsf jf]sf / afv|
f jf y'df / e]8L aLrdf k|hgg u/fpg ;lsG5 . t/ ufp+3/df Pp6f jf]sf÷y'df rNg yfn]kl5 ayfgdf
/x]sf] ;j} afv|÷e]8Lx? To;jf6 hGd]sf ;Gtfgx? ;j}nfO{ klg pQm af]sf÷y'df rn'Gh]n k|of]u
rng 5 . o:tf] rng t'?Gt /f]Sg' cfjZos 5 . kf+r k':tf leqsf af]sf, afv|f, y'df÷e]8LaLr k|hgg\
u/fpbf To;jf6 lgDg j]kmfObf x'g] u5{ .
gftf kg]{ aLr k|hgg\ u/fp+bf x'g] a]kmfObfx? M—
 kf7fkf7Ldf ;f]xL hftsf] g/fd|f] u'0f cfp+5 .
 /f]uk|lt/f]wfTds Ifdtf sd x'b} hfG5 .
 ;Gtfg pTkfbg Ifdtf qmdzM 36b} hfG5 .
 n'nf]nË8f] tyf Vofp6] x'g'sf] ;fy} c;fwf/0f cj:yfsf ;Gtfg hGdg ;S5 .
 zf/Ll/s tf}n -pTkfbg_ 36\5 .
@= k|hftLo k|hgg\ -km/s km/s hf ljrsf] k|hgg_ M—
5'6[} hftsf] af]sf / afv|f jf y'df / e]8L cyf{t\ km/s km/s hftsf efn] / kf]yL aLr u/fOg]
k|hggnfO{ k|hftLo k|hgg elgG5 . h:t} M— :yfgLo hftsf] afv|fdf hd'gfkf/L hftsf] af]sf
nufpg' k|hftLo k|hgg xf] . o:tf] k|hgg\ u/fO{ hGd]sf] kf7fkf7Lsf] pTkfbg Ifdtf cfdf afa'sf]
eGbf /fd|f] x'G5 . o:tf] kf7fkf7L rf8} a9g], 7"nf] / df]6f] x'g], kf7fkf7L kfpg] b/ klg w]/}
x'g] x'G5 . o:tf] k|hggjf6 hGd]sf klxnf] a+zsf kf7fkf7Lsf] pTkfbg nufot cgo u'0fx? ;j}eGbf
/fd|f] x'G5 . To;kl5sf a+zsf kf7fkf7Lx?sf] pTkfbg Ifdtf a9L x'g] vfnsf] cg'af+lzsL u'0fx?sf]
ljsf; eP tfkgL ufp+3/sf] Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL cg';f/ /fd|f] pTkfbg glbg ;S5 . ;fy} /f]ux?n] a9L
cfqmd0f ug{ ;Sb5 To;}n] k|hftLo k|hggaf6 kf7fkf7Lx? pTkfbg ubf{ pGgt / :yfgLo afa'
cfdfsf] /Qmu'0f ;se/ %)M%) ;Dd dfq kf7fkf7Ldf /xg] u/L k|hgg u/fpg' /fd|f] x'G5 .
k|hgg u/fpg] pd]/ M—
of] pd]/ hft cg';f/ km/s kb{5 . hft x]/L !) b]lv @) dlxgfsf] pd]/df klxnf] k6s jf]sf
nufpg ;lsG5 . l56f] af]sf vf]Hg ;Sg] eP tfkgL k7of+u|Lx?sf] zf/Ll/s j[l4 klg eO/xg]
x'gfn] !) dlxgfeGbf cuf8L k|hgg\ u/fpg' /fd|f] xf]Og . kf]if0ftTjx? /fd|f];+u k'uL
zf/Ll/s a[l4 eO;Sg] xf] eg] !@ dlxgfsf] pd]/df k|hgg u/fpg' /fd|f] x'G5 . To:t} u/L k|

2
 hggsf] nflu 5flgPsf jf]sf jf y'dfx?sf] pd]/ ( b]lv !@ dlxgf;Ddsf] ePkl5 k|hggsf] nflu k|
of]u ug'{ /fd|f] x'G5 .
k|hgg u/fpg] ;do M—
afv|fsf] vf;} k|hgg u/fpg] ;do x'b}g . :jb]zL afv|Lx?n] jif{sf] s'g} klg ;dodf af]sf
vf]hg ;Sb5 . t/ jftfj/0fLo tfkqmd / kf]if0f tTjx?n] eg] afv|fsf] k|hggdf c;/ kfb{5 . /fd|
f] kf]if0f k'u]sf] afv|Lx? hf8f] / udL{ b'j} ;dodf afnL nfUg ;S5 . t/ klg 3f+;kft k|;:t
kfOg] / jftfj/0fLo tfkqmd dWod lsl;dsf] x'g] ePsf]n] efb|b]lv sflt{s dlxgf;Dd a9L afv|
Lx? afnL hfg] ub{5g\ . pRr kxf8 tyf lxdfnL If]qsf afv|Lx? eg] k|foM u/L
udL{ dlxgfdf afnL nfUb5g\ . ljb]zL afv|fx? eg] hf8f] ;dodf eGbf udL{ ;dodf a9L
afnL nfUb5g\ .
k|hgg u/fpbf ljrf/ k'of{pg' kg]{ s'/fx? M—
 ;fnfvfnf @% b]lv #) afv|Lsf] nflu ! af]sfjf6 k|hgg u/fpg ;lsG5 .
 k|hggsf] nflu kflnPsf af]sf w]/} b'Anf] jf df]6f] x'g' x'b}g .
 k|hggsf] nflu /flvpsf] af]sfsf] pd]/ ! jif{ k'u]sf] / %÷^ jif{ pd]/;Dd k|hgg\ sfo{df
nufpg ;lsG5 .
 e]8L÷afv|Lsf] pd]/ !) dlxgf k'u]sf] x'g' k5{ .
 k|To]s ;f9] Ps jif{df af]sf k]mg'{ kb{5 .
 dfp afv|L÷e]8L ;+u af]sf÷y'df Ps} 7fp+df ld;fP/ /fVg' x'b}g .
 708Lsf] ;do -kf}if, df3_, w]/} jif{ x'g] ;do ->fj0f_ dlxgfdf kf7fkf7L ghGdfpg] u/L
k|hgg\ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kb{5 . oL ;dodf kf7fkf7L hlGdPdf hf8f] / jiff{n]
ubf{ kf7fkf7L d[To'b/ a9L x'g] ub{5 . cyf{t\ kf7fkf7L x'sf{pg ufx|f] x'G5 .
 afv|f ljsf;sf nflu s]xL k|ljlwx? M—
t/fO{df t/fO{ hftsf afv|f, t/fO{ / hd'gfkf/L hftsf] %) k|ltzt qm;, t/fO{ / af/a/L
hftsf] %) k|ltztsf] qm; -klZrd t/fO{sf] nflu_, kxf8sf] nflu v/Lhftsf] :yfgLo afv|f, v/L /
hd'gfkf/Lsf] %) k|ltzt qm; / v/L / af/a/Lsf] %) k|ltzt qm;, kxf8sf] nflu l;Gxfn / lxdfn
If]qsf] nflu Rofu+|f hftsf] afv|fkfng ug{ l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] 5 . z'¢ hd'gfkf/L a]fsf / z'¢ v/L afv|f ;+u
qm; u/fO{ gZn ;'wf/ u/LPs]f afv|f nfO{ vkf/L gfdfs/)f u/LPs]f x]f . oL afv|f hd'gfkf/L eGbf ;kmn b]lvG% . To:t} z'¢ v/L afv|f /
af/a]/L a]fsf lar k|hgg\ u/fO{ tof/ u/LPs]f afv|f vjf/L x]f . oL afv| kxf*L e]usf] nflu l;kmfl/; ul/Ps]f % .

e]8f / afv|fdf kfO{g] s]xL km/s nIf0fx?

nIf0f e]8f Afv|f
k/LkSs ca:yf x'g] pd]/ $ b]vL !@ dlxgf $ b]vL *dlxgf
klxn]f kN6 afnL hfg ;Sg] !@ b]vL !* dlxgf !@ b]vL !* dlxgf
pd]/ y'df v]fh]s]f !* b]vL @$ a]fsf v]fh]s]f @% b]vL #)
afnL v]fHbf afnL nufpg] 306f leq 306f leq
pko”St ;do % b]vL * aif{ ^ b]vL !) aif{
k|hgg\ o]fUo calw 5]f6]f nfd]f
lx8g] afgL g5fgLsg 5]f6]f 3+f;df 5fGg] afgL / a'6ofgdf
rg]{ afgL sd rg{ dgk/dpg]
krfpg ;Sg] If]dtf a9L a9L
kflgs]f cfa:ostf sd