COM P U TER SC IE NCE

PROGR A MS IN C+ +
2012-2013

NAME: ALOK KUMAR

ROLL NO: 1603879
 INDEX

S.No. Contents
1. Classes and objects
2. Polymorphism
3. Constructor destructor
4. Inheritance
5. Stacks and queue
6. Data file management
7. Array
8. SQL queries
 CLASSES AND OBJECTS
1. Program to Define a Class Student and accessing
member function using its object.
Define a class student with the following specification:
Private members:
Admno integer
Sname 20 character
Eng,Math,Science, float
total float
ctotal() a function to calculate eng + math + science with
float return type.
Public member:
Takedata() Function to accept values for admnosnameeng
science and invoke ctotal() to calculate total.
Showdata() Function to display all the data members onthe
screen.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>

class student
{
private:
intAdmno;
charSname[20];
 floatEngMathScience;
float total;
floatctotal()
{
returnEng+Math+Science;
}
public:
voidTakedata()
{
cout<<"Enter admission number ";
cin>>Admno;
cout<<"Enter student name " ;
gets(Sname);
cout<<"Enter marks in englishmathscience ";
cin>>Eng>>Math>>Science;
total=ctotal();
}

voidShowdata()
{
cout<<"Admission number"<<Admno<<"\n
Student name"<<Sname<<"\nEnglish"<<Eng
<<"\nMath"<<Math<<"\nScience "<<Science
<<"\nTotal "<<total;
}
};
voidmain ()
{
clrscr();
studentobj ;
obj.Takedata();
obj.Showdata();
getch();
}
 2. Program to Define a Class Batsman and accessing
member function using its object.
Define a class batsman with the following specifications:

Private members:
bcode 4 digits code number
bname 20 characters

inningsnotoutruns integer type

batavg it is calculated according to the formula –

batavg =runs/(innings-notout)
calcavg() Function to compute batavg

Public members:
readdata() Function to accept value forbcodebname
inningsnotout and invoke the function calcavg()

displaydata() Function to display the data members on the

screen.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>

class batsman
{
intbcode;
charbname[20];
int inningsnotoutruns;
intbatavg;
 voidcalcavg()
{
batavg=runs/(innings-notout);
}

public :
voidreaddata ();
voiddisplaydata();
};

void batsman::readdata ()
{
cout<<"Enter batsman code ";
cin>>bcode;
cout<<"Enter batsman name ";
gets(bname);
cout<<"enter inningsnotout and runs ";
cin>>innings>>notout>>runs;
calcavg();
}

void batsman::displaydata()
{
cout<<"Batsman code "<<bcode<<"\nBatsman name "
<<bname<<"\nInnings "<<innings<<"\nNot out "<<notout
<<"\nRuns "<<runs<<"\nBatting Average "<<batavg;
}

void main()
{
batsmanobj;
obj.readdata();
obj.displaydata();
getch();
}
3. Program to Define a Class Test and accessing member
function using its object.

Define a class TEST in C++ with following description:

Private Members:
TestCode integer
Description string
NoCandidate integer
CenterReqd integer(number of centers required)
CALCNTR() function to calculate and return the numberof
centers as (NoCandidates/100+1)
Public Members:

SCHEDULE()- Function to accept value from TestCode,

Description, NoCandidate and invoke the function
CALCNTR()

DISPTEST()- Function to display the data members on the

screen.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>

class TEST
{
intTestCode;
char Description[30];
intNoCandidate;
intCenterReqd;
int CALCNTR()
{
returnNoCandidate/100+1;
}
 public:
void SCHDULE();
void DISPTEST();
};

void TEST::SCHDULE()
{
cout<<"Enter Test code ";
cin>>TestCode;
cout<<"Enter description ";
gets(Description);
cout<<"Enter no of candidates ";
cin>>NoCandidate;
CenterReqd=CALCNTR();
}

void TEST :: DISPTEST()

{
cout<<"Test code "<<TestCode<<"\nDescripton "
<<Description<<"\nNo of candidate"<<NoCandidate
<<"\nCenter required "<<CenterReqd;
}

void main ()
{
TEST obj;
obj.SCHDULE();
obj.DISPTEST();
getch();
}
 4. Program to Define a Class BOOK and accessing
member function using its object.

Define a class BOOK with the following specifications :

Private members:

BOOK NO integer type

BOOKTITLE string

PRICE float

TOTAL_COST() A function to calculate the total cost for Nnumber

argument.

Public members:

INPUT() function to read BOOK_NO. BOOKTITLE,

PRICE

PURCHASE() function to ask the user to input the numberof

copies to be purchased. It invokes
TOTAL_COST() and prints the total cost tobe
paid by the user.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

class BOOK
{
int BOOKNO;
char BOOKTITLE[20];
float PRICE;
void TOTAL_COST(int N)
 {
floattcost;
tcost=PRICE*N;
cout<<tcost;
}
public:
void INPUT()
{
cout<<"Enter Book Number ";
cin>>BOOKNO;
cout<<"Enter Book Title ";
gets(BOOKTITLE);
cout<<"Enter price per copy ";
cin>>PRICE;
}
void PURCHASE()
{
int n;
cout<<"Enter number of copies to purchase ";
cin>>n;
cout<<"Total cost is ";
TOTAL_COST(n);
}
};

void main()
{
BOOK obj;
obj.INPUT();
obj.PURCHASE();
getch();
}
 5. Define a class Travel in C++ with the description
given below
Private Members:
T_Code string
No_ of_ Adults integer
No _of _Children integer
Distance integer
TotalFare float

Public Members:
constructor to assign initial values as follows:
TCodeas “NULL”
No _of_ Adults as 0
No_ of_Children as 0
Distance as 0
TotalFare as 0

AssignFare() function which calculates and assigns the value of t

he data member Totalfare as follows For each
Adult

Fare For
(Rs) Kilometers

500 >=1000

<1000
300
&>=500

200 <500

For each Child the above Fare will be 50% of the

Fare mentioned in the above table
EnterTour() function to input the values of the data members
T_Code, No_of_Adults, No_of_Children and
Distance ; and invoke the AssignFare() function.

ShowTravel() function which displays the content of all the data

members for a Travel.

#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<iostream.h>

class Travel
{
charT_Code[21];
intNo_of_Adults,No_of_Children,Distance;
float TotalFare;
public:
Travel( )
{
strcpy(T_Code,"NULL");
No_of_Adults=No_of_Children=Distance=
TotalFare=0;
}
voidAssignFare( )
{
if(Distance>=1000)
TotalFare=No_of_Adults*500+No_of_Children* 250;
else if(Distance>=500)
TotalFare=No_of_Adults*300+No_of_Children* 150;
else
TotalFare=No_of_Adults*200+No_of_Children* 100;
}
 voidEnterTravel( )
{
cout<<"\nEnter the Travel Code: ";
gets(T_Code);
cout<<"\nEnter the Number of Adults: ";
cin>>No_of_Adults;
cout<<"\nEnter the Number of Children: ";
cin>>No_of_Children;
cout<<"\nEnter the Distance in Kilometres: ";
cin>>Distance;
AssignFare( );
}
void ShowTravel( )
{
cout<<"\nThe Travel Code: "<<T_Code;
cout<<"\nThe Number of Adults: "<<No_of_Adults;
cout<<"\nThe Number of Children:"
<<No_of_Children;
cout<<"\nThe Distance in Kilometres: "<<Distance;
cout<<"\n\nThe Total Fare: "<<TotalFare;
}
};

void main( )
{
clrscr();
Travel T;
T.EnterTravel( );
T.ShowTravel( );
getch();
}
 POLYMORPHISM
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
float area(float a, float b)
{ return a*b;
}
float area(float a)
{ return a*a;
}
void main()
{ clrscr();
int choice;
float a,b, ar;
cout<<"Enter 1 for area of rectangle.";
cout<<"\nEnter 2 for area of square.";
cout<<"\nEnter your choice:";
cin>>choice;
switch(choice)
{
case 1: cout<<"Enter length and breadth of rectangle:";
cin>>a>>b;
ar=area(a,b);
cout<<"\nArea of rectangle:"<<ar;
break;
case 2: cout<<"Enter length of square:";
cin>>a;
ar=area(a);
cout<<"\nArea of square:"<<ar;
break;
default: cout<<"wrong choice.";
}
}
 CONSTRUCTOR DISTRUCTURE
1. Program to calculate factorial of a given number
using copy constructor.
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class copy
{ intvar,fact;
public:
copy(int temp)
{
var = temp;
}
double calculate()
{
fact=1;
for(int i=1;i<=var;i++)
{
fact = fact * i;
}
return fact;
}
};
void main()
{ clrscr();
int n;
cout<<"\n\tEnter the Number : ";
cin>>n;
copyobj(n);
copycpy=obj;
cout<<"\n\t"<<n<<" Factorial is:"<<obj.calculate();
cout<<"\n\t"<<n<<" Factorial is:"<<cpy.calculate();
getch();
}
2. Program to Calculate Prime Number Using Constructor

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

class prime
{
inta,k,i;
public:
prime(int x)
{
a=x;
}
void calculate()
{
k=1;
{
for(i=2;i<=a/2;i++)
if(a%i==0)
{
k=0;
break;
}
else
{
k=1;
}
}
}

void show()
{
if(k==1)
cout<<“\n\tA is prime Number. ";
 else
cout<<"\n\tA is Not prime.";
}
};

void main()

{
clrscr();
int a;
cout<<"\n\tEnter the Number:";
cin>>a;
primeobj(a);
obj.calculate();
obj.show();
getch();
}
 3. Program to print student details using constructor and
destructor

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

classstu
{
private:
char name[20],add[20];
introll,zip;
public:
stu ( );//Constructor
~stu( );//Destructor
void read( );
voiddisp( );
};

stu :: stu( )
{
cout<<“This is Student Details”<<endl;
}

voidstu :: read( )
{
cout<<“Enter the student Name”;
cin>>name;
cout<<“Enter the student roll no “;
cin>>roll;
cout<<“Enter the student address”;
cin>>add;
cout<<“Enter the Zipcode”;
cin>>zip;
}
voidstu :: disp( )
{
cout<<“Student Name :”<<name<<endl;
cout<<“Roll nois:”<<roll<<endl;
cout<<“Address is:”<<add<<endl;
cout<<“Zipcode is:”<<zip;
}
stu : : ~stu( )
{
cout<<“Student Detail is Closed”;
}

void main( )
{
stu s;
clrscr( );
s.read ( );
s.disp ( );
getch( );
}

Output:
Enter the student Name
James
Enter the student roll no
01
Enter the student address
Newyork
Enter the Zipcode
919108
Student Name : James
Roll no is : 01
Address is : Newyork
Zipcode is :919108
 4. Program to show constructor overloading
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class temp
{ int a,b;
public:
temp(int x, int y);
temp(int x);
temp();
void put();
};
temp::temp(int x, int y)
{ a=x;
b=y;
}
temp::temp(int x)
{ a=x;
b=0;
}
temp::temp()
{ a=0;
b=0;
}
void temp::put()
{ cout<<"a="<<a<<"\tb="<<b<<endl;
}
void main()
{ clrscr();
temp t1(10,20);
temp t2(11);
temp t3;
t1.put();
t2.put();
t3.put();
}
 INHERITANCE
1. Program to find out the student details using multiple
inheritance.
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

class student
{
protected:
int rno,m1,m2;
public:
void get()
{
cout<<"Enter the Roll no :";
cin>>rno;
cout<<"Enter the two marks:";
cin>>m1>>m2;
}
};

class sports
{
protected:
intsm;// sm = Sports mark
public:
voidgetsm()
{
cout<<"\nEnter the sports mark :";
cin>>sm;

}
};
classstatement:publicstudent,public sports
{
inttot,avg;
public:
void display()
{
tot=(m1+m2+sm);
avg=tot/3;
cout<<"\n\n\tRoll No: "<<rno<<"\n\tTotal:"
<<tot;
cout<<"\n\tAverage: "<<avg;
}
};

void main()
{
clrscr();
statementobj;
obj.get();
obj.getsm();
obj.display();
getch();
}

Output:
Enter the Roll no: 100
Enter two marks
90
80
Enter the Sports Mark: 90
Roll No: 100
Total: 260
Average: 86.66
 2. Program to find the mean value of a given number
using friend function.
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
classbase
{
int val1,val2;
public:
void get()
{
cout<<"Enter two values:";
cin>>val1>>val2;
}
friend float mean(base ob);
};
float mean(base ob)
{
return float(ob.val1+ob.val2)/2;
}
void main()
{
clrscr();
baseobj;
obj.get();
cout<<"\n Mean value is : "<<mean(obj);
getch();
}

Output:
Enter two values: 10, 20
Mean Value is: 15
return area * 70;
 STACKS AND QUEUE
1.Program: Static queue
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<process.h>
class queue
{
int data[10];
int front,rear;
public:
queue()
{
front=rear=-1;
}
void add();
void remove();
void display();
};
void queue :: add()
{
if((front==0&&rear==9)||(rear==(front-1)))
{
cout<<"overflow\n";
return;
}
int x;
cout<<"value to insert\n";
cin>>x;
if(rear==-1)
front=rear=0;
else if(rear==9)
rear=0;
 else
rear++;
data[rear]=x;
}
void queue::remove()
{
if(front==-1)
{
cout<<"underflow\n";
return;
}
int x;
x=data[front];
if(front==rear)
front=rear=-1;
else if(front==9)
front=0;
else
front++;
cout<<x<<"deleted";
}
void queue::display()
{
if(front==-1)
cout<<"there is no element\n";
else if(front<=rear)
{
for(int i=front;i<=rear;++i)
cout<<data[i]<<endl;
}
else
{
for(int i=front;i<=9;++i)
cout<<data[i]<<endl;
for(i=0;i<=rear;++i)
 cout<<data[i]<<endl;
}
}
void main()
{
clrscr();
queue q1;
int ch;
while(1)
{
cout<<"\n 1.add()";
cout<<"\n 2.remove()";
cout<<"\n 3.display()";
cout<<"\n 4.exit()";
cout<<"enter your choice\n";
cin>>ch;
switch(ch)
{
case 1: q1.add();
break;
case 2: q1.remove();
break;
case 3: q1.display();
break;
default: exit(0);
}
}
}
 2. Program: Queue with class
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<process.h>
#define NULL 0

struct queue
{
int info;
queue * next;
};

class que
{
private:
queue * front;
queue * rear;
public:
queue();
void insert();
void del();
void display();
};
que:: que()
{
front= rear= NULL;
}
void que:: insert()
{
queue * temp;
temp= new queue;
cout<<"enter info\n";
cin>>temp->info;
temp->next=NULL;
 if(rear== NULL)
front= rear =temp;
else
{
rear->next=temp;
rear=temp;
}
}
void que :: del()
{
queue *temp;
if(front == NULL)
cout<<"underflow\n";
else if(front==rear)
{
temp=front;
front=rear= NULL;
delete temp;
}
else
{
temp=front;
front= front->next;
delete temp;
}
}
void que :: display()
{
cout<<"entered data is\n";
for(queue*t = front; t; t=t->next)
cout<<t->info<<"\n";
}

void main()
{
 clrscr();
que q1;
int ch;
while (1)
sert()";
cout<<"\n 2. delete()";
cout<<"\n 3. display()";
cout<<"\n 4. exit()";
cout<<"enter your choice\n";
cin>>ch;
switch (ch)
{
case 1: q1.insert();
break;
case 2: q1.del();
break;
case 3: q1.display();
break;
default: exit(0);
}
}
}
 3. Program: stack-lifo
#include<iostream.h>
#Include<conio.h>
#include<process.h>

Structemp
{
Char name[20];
Intsal;
Emp *next;
};
Emp * top=0;

Void push()
{
emp *temp;
temp= new emp;
cout<<“enter name salary”;
cin>>temp->name>>temp->sal;
temp->next=0;
if(top= =0)
top=temp;
else
{
temp ->next=top;
top=temp;
}
}
Void pop()
{
emp *temp;
if(top= =0)
cout<<“under flow”;
 else
{
temp=top;
top=top->next;
delete temp;
}
}
Void print()
{
if(top!=0)
for(em *t=top;t;t->next)
{
cout<<t->name<<t->sal;
}
}
Void main()
{
Intch;
While(1)
{
cout<<“1.pop”<<“2.push”<<“3.print”<<4.exit”<<
“choice”;
cin>>ch;
switch (ch)
{
case 1:pop();
break;
case 2:push();
break;
case 3:print();
break;
default:exit(0);
}
}
}
 4. Program: Based on QUEUE [FIFO]
#include<conio.h>
#include<iostream.h>
#define NULL 0
#include<process.h>
structque
{
int info;
que *next;
};
que * front=NULL,*rear=NULL;
void insert()
{
que *temp;
temp=new que;
cout<<"info";
cin>>temp->info;
temp->next=NULL;
if(rear=NULL)
rear=front=temp;
else
{
rear->next=temp;
rear=temp;
}
}
void del()
{ que * temp;
if(front==NULL)
cout<<"underflow";
else if(front++rear)
{ temp=front;
front=rear=NULL;
 delete temp;
}
else
{ temp=front;
front=front->next;
delete temp;
}
}
void print()
{ if(front==NULL)
cout<<"nothing";
else
for(que * t=front;t;t=t->next)
cout<<"info"<<t->info;
}
void main()
{ intch;
while(1)
{
cout<<"1.insert"<<"2.delete"<<"3.print"<<"4.exit
"<<"choice";
cin>>ch;
switch(ch)
{
case 1: insert();
break;
case 2: delete();
break;
case 3: print();
break;
default : exit(0);
}
}
}
 5. Program: Stack with class
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<process.h>
# define NULL 0

struct stack
{
int info;
stack * next;
};

classst
{
private:
stack * top;
public:
st();
void pop();
void push();
void display();
};
st:: st()
{
top= NULL;
}

voidst:: push()
{
stack * temp;
temp= new stack;
cout<<"enter info\n";
cin>>temp->info;
 temp->next = NULL;
if(top== NULL)
top= temp;
else
{
temp->next= top;
top=temp;
}
}

voidst:: pop()
{
stack* temp;
if(top== NULL)
cout<<"underflow\n";
else
{
temp= top;
top= top->next;
delete temp;
}
}
voidst:: display()
{
cout<<"entered data is\n";
for(stack*t = top; t; t=t->next)
cout<<t->info<<"\n";
}
void main()
{
clrscr();
st s1;
int ch;
while (1)
{
 cout<<"\n 1. pop()";
cout<<"\n 2. push()";
cout<<"\n 3. display()";
cout<<"\n 4. exit()";
cout<<"enter your choice\n";
cin>>ch;
switch (ch)
{
case 1: s1.pop();
break;
case 2: s1.push();
break;
case 3: s1.display();
break;
default: exit(0);
}
}
}
 DATA FILE MANAGEMENT
1. Program to count and display the number of
alphabets present in a text file
#include<iostream.h>
#include<fstream.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<conio.h>

void display()
{
ifstream afile;
afile.open("STORY.TXT");
char ch;
int c=0;
while(afile)
{
afile.get(ch);
if (isalpha(ch))
c++;
}
cout<<"The number of alphabets are "<<c;
}

void main()
{
clrscr();
display();
}
 2. Program to count and display the number of blank
spaces present in a text file

#include<fstream.h>
#include<iostream.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<conio.h>

void display()
{
ifstream afile;
afile.open("NOTES.TXT");
char ch;
int c = 0;
while(afile)
{
afile.get(ch);
if (ch == ' ' )
c++;
}
cout<<"The number of blank spaces : "<<c;
}

void main()
{
clrscr();
display();
}
 3. Program to calculate the average word size in a text
file.
#include<fstream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void calculate()
{
fstream tfile;
clrscr();

tfile.open("Report.txt",ios::in);
char arr[20];
char ch;
int i=0,sum=0,n=0;
while(tfile)
{
tfile.get(ch);
arr[i] = ch;
i++;
if (( ch == ' ') || (ch == '.'))
{
I - -;
sum = sum + i;
i = 0;
n++;
}
}
cout<<" Average word size is "<<(sum/n);
}

void main()
{
calculate();
}
 4. Program to create the file of employees

# include<fstream.h>
# include<stdlib.h>
# include<conio.h>
class EMPLOYEE
{
int Empno, hra, da, net_sal;
char Ename[20];
char add[20];
float basic;
public :
void GETIT()
{
cout<<"Enter the emp number ";
cin>>Empno;
cout<<"Enter the name ";
cin>>Ename;
cout<<"Enter the address ";
cin>>add;
cout<<"Enter the basic salary ";
cin>>basic;
}
void CALC()
{
hra = (basic * 20) /100;
da = (basic * 10) / 100;
net_sal = basic + da + hra;
}
void SHOWIT()
{
 CALC();
cout<<"Emp Number: "<<Empno<<"\n Name:"
<<Ename<<"\n Net Salary : "<<net_sal<<endl;
}
};
void create(EMPLOYEE emp)
{
ofstream afile;
afile.open("Emp.dat", ios::app | ios :: binary);
if (!afile)
{
cout<<"\n Unable to open the file ";
exit(1);
}
afile.write((char *)&emp,sizeof(emp));
afile.close();
}
void read_file()
{
ifstream afile;
afile.open("Emp.dat", ios::in | ios :: binary);
if (!afile)
{
cout<<"\n File does not exist ";
exit(1);
}
EMPLOYEE emp;
while(afile)
{
afile.read((char *) &emp, sizeof(emp));
emp.SHOWIT();
}
afile.close();
}
void main()
{
clrscr();
int n;
cout<<"Enter how many employee ";
cin>>n;
EMPLOYEE emp;
for (int i = 0;i<n;i++)
{
emp.GETIT();
create(emp);
}
read_file();
}
 5. Program to print the frequency of the alphabets and the
numeric digits after reading from the text file.
# include<fstream.h>
# include<stdio.h>
# include<conio.h>
void main()
{ char ch, fname[20];
int num, fre[26], i;
cout<<"\n enter the name of the file ";
gets(fname);
for (i=0;i<26;i++)
fre[i] = 0;
num = 0;
ifstream afile(fname);
if (!afile)
cout<<"\n File does not exist "<<endl;
else
{ while (!afile.eof())
{ afile.get(ch);
if (ch>= 'a' && ch<= 'z')
fre[ch - 'a']++;
if (ch>= 'A' && ch<= 'Z')
fre[ch - 'A']++;
if (ch>= '0' && ch<= '9')
num++;
}
afile.close();
for (i=0;i<26;i++)
{ cout<<"\n Frequency of "<<char(i+'A')
<<" is "<<fre[i]<<endl;
}
cout<<"\n Frequency of the numeric digits"
<<num<<endl;
}
}
 ARRAY
1. Write a program in C++ to find the maximum sum in a row
& a column and the sum of elements in a row & a column.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
void read( int [][10], int, int);
int maxr( int [][10], int, int);
int maxc( int [][10], int, int);
void rowsm( int [][10], int, int);
void colsm( int [][10], int, int);
void disp( int, int);
int a[10][10], b, d, r, c;
cout<<"enter no. of rows and columns\n";
cin>>r>>c;
read( a, r, c);
b = maxr(a ,r ,c);
d = maxc(a, r ,c);
rowsm (a ,r, c);
colsm (a, r, c);
disp (b, d);
getch();
}
void read(int x[][10], int r, int c)
{
cout<<"enter elements\n";
for(int i=0 ;i<r; ++i)
for(int j=0 ;j<c; ++j)
cin>>x[i][j];
}
int maxr(int x[][10] ,int r, int c)
{
int max=0, sum, rn;
for(int i=0; i<r; ++i)
{
sum=0;
for(int j=0 ;j<c; ++j)
sum+=x[i][j];
if(sum>max)
{
max= sum;
rn= i+1;
}
return rn;
}
}
int maxc(int x[][10],int r,int c)
{
int max=0, sum, rn;
for(int i=0; i<c; ++i)
{
sum=0;
for(int j=0; j<r; ++j)
sum+=x[i][j];
if(sum>max)
{
max= sum;
rn= i+1;
}
return rn;
}
}
void rowsm(int x[][10], int r ,int c)
{
int sum;
 for(int i=0; i<r; ++i)
{
sum=0;
for(int j=0; j<c; ++j)
sum+=x[i][j];
cout<<"sum of"<<i+1<<"row is"<<sum<<endl;
}
}
void colsm(int x[][10] ,int r, int c)
{
int sum;
for(int i=0; i<c; ++i)
{
sum=0;
for(int j=0 ;j<r; ++j)
sum+=x[j][i];
cout<<"sum of"<<i+1<<"column is"<<sum<<
endl;
}
}
void disp( int x, int y)
{
cout<<"row no. having max. sum is"<<x<<endl;
cout<<"column no. having max. sum is"<<y<<endl;
}
 2. Program related to binary search in simple notation
assuming the array to be ascending order
#include<conio.h>
#include<iostream.h>
void main()
{
int a[10];
int n,val;
void readsz(int &);
void read(int *,int);
void sort(int *,int);
void val(int &);
int bsearch(int * , int, int);
readsz( n );
read( a, n );
sort( a, n );
val( val );
cout<<bsearch(a,n,val);
}

void readsz( int &x )

{
cout<<”Enter limit”;
cin>>x ;
}

void read( int *, int n )

{
cout<<”enter elements”;
for(int i=0; i<n; ++i)
cin>>*(x+i);
}
void sort( int *, int n );
{
for(int i=0; i<n-1; ++i)
for(int j=i+1; j<n; ++j)
If(*(x+i)>*(x+j) )
{
int t=*(x+J);
*(x+j)=*(x+i);
*(x+i)=t;
}
}

int bsearch(int *x, int n, int val)

{
int u=0, l=n-1;
int mid= (l+U)/2;
while ( ( *(x+mid)!=val && (u<=l ) )
{
if(*(x+mid)>val)
l=mid-1;
else
u=mid+1;
mid=(l+u)/2;
}
if(*(x+mid) == val)
return mid;
else
return -1;
}
3. Write a C++ program to find the difference of the sum
of primary upper & lower diagonal.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a[10][10], ud=0, ld=0, r, i, j;
cout<<"enter rows and columns\n";
cin>>r;
cout<<"enter values\n";
for(i=0; i<r; ++i)
for(j=0; j<r; ++j)
cin>>a[i][j];
for(i=0; i<r; ++i)
for(j=0; j<r; ++j)
if( (i+j)>= r)
{
ld +=a[i][j];
}
else
{
ud+=a[i][j];
cout<<"difference of ud and ld is"<<ud-ld;
}
}
4. To merge two arrays, one being in ascending, second in
descending order, and resultant array should be In
ascending
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a[10], b[10], c[20];
int m, n;
cout<<"enter size for the first array\n";
cin>>m;
cout<<"enter elements\n";
for(int i=0; i<m; ++i)
cin>>a[i];
cout<<"enter size for the second array\n";
cin>>n;
cout<<"elements for second array\n";
for(i=0; i<n; ++i)
cin>>b[i];
void sort_asc( int[], int);
void sort_dsc( int[], int);
void merge(int[], int[], int[], int, int);
sort_asc(a,m);
sort_dsc(b,n);
merge(a ,b ,c, m, n);
cout<<"resultant array is :\n";
for(i=0 ; i<(m+n); ++i)
cout<<c[i]<<"\t";
cout<<endl;
}
void sort_asc( int a[], int m)

{
for(int i=0; i<(m-1); ++i)
for(int j=(i+1); j<m; ++j)
if(a[i]>a[j])
{
int t = a[i];
a[i] = a[j];
a[j] = t;
}
cout<<"array after sorting in ascending order\n";
for( i=0; i<m; ++i)
cout<<a[i]<<"\t";
cout<<endl;
}

void sort_dsc(int a[], int n)

{
for(int i=0; i<(n-1); ++i)
for(int j=(i+1); j<n; ++j)
if(a[i]<a[j])
{
int t = a[i];
a[i] = a[j];
a[j] = t;
}
cout<<"array after sorting in descending order\n";
for(i=0; i<n; ++i)
cout<<a[i]<<"\t";
cout<<endl;
}
void merge(int a[], int b[], int c[], int m, int n)

{
int i=0, j=n-1, k=0;
while(i<m && j>=0)
{
if(a[i]<b[j])
c[k++ ]= a[i++];
else
c[k++] = b[j--];
}

if(i==m)
for(int l=j; l>=0; --l)
c[k++]= b[l];
else
for(int l=i; i<m ; ++l)
c[k++]=a[l];
}
 SQL QUERIES

1. TABLE:- Student

No. Name Age Department Dateofadm Fee Gender

1. Pankaj 24 Computer 10/01/97 120 M
2. Shalini 21 History 24/03/98 200 F
3. Sanjay 22 Hindi 12/12/96 300 M
4. Sudha 25 History 01/07/99 400 F
5. Rakesh 22 Hindi 05/09/97 250 M
6. Shakeel 30 History 27/06/97 300 M
7. Surya 34 Computer 25/02/97 210 M
8. Shikha 23 Hindi 31/07/97 200 F
1. Select * FROM Student WHERE Department = ”History”;
Output :-

2. Shalini 21 History 24/03/98 200 F

4. Sudha 25 History 01/07/99 400 F
6. Shakeel 30 History 27/06/97 300 M

2. Select Name FROM Student WHERE Gender = “F”;

Output:-

2. Shalini 21 History 24/03/98 200 F

4. Sudha 25 History 01/07/99 400 F
8. Shikha 23 Hindi 31/07/97 200 F
3. Select name FROM Student ORDER BY Dateofadm;
Output:-

Sanjay
Pankaj
Surya
Shakeel
Shikha
Rakesh
Shalini
Sudha

4. Select COUNT (*) FROM Student WHERE age > 23;

Output :- 4

5. Select MAX (Age) FROM Student WHERE Gender = “F”;

Output :- 25
 2. Table:- Hospital
No. Name Age Department Dateofadm Charg Gender
es
1. Sandeep 65 Surgery 23/02/98 300 M
2. Ravina 24 Orthopedic 20/01/98 200 F
3. Karan 45 Orthopedic 19/02/98 200 M
4. Tarun 12 Surgery 01/01/98 300 M
5. Zubin 36 ENT 12/01/98 250 M
6. Ketaki 16 ENT 24/02/98 300 F
7. Ankita 29 Cardiology 20/02/98 800 F
8. Zareen 45 Gynecology 22/02/98 300 F
9. Kush 19 Cardiology 13/01/98 800 M
10. Shailya 31 Nuclear 19/02/98 400 F
Medicine

1. Select * FROM Hospital WHERE Department = “Cardiology”;

Output :-

7. Ankita 29 Cardiology 20/02/98 800 F

9. Kush 19 Cardiology 13/01/98 800 M

2. Select Name, Charges, Age From Hospital WHERE Gender =

“M”;

Output :-

Name Charges Age

Sandeep 300 65
Karan 200 45
Tarun 300 12
Zubin 250 36
Kush 800 19

3. Select COUNT (*) FROM Hospital WHERE Age <30;

Output :- 5

4. Select Name FROM Hospital ORDER BY Dateofadm;

Output :-

Name
Tarun
Zubin
Kush
Ravina
Karan
Shailya
Ankita
Zareen
Sandeep
Ketaki

5. Select SUM (Charges) FROM Hospital WHERE Dateofadm <

“12/08/98”;

Output :- 3850
 3. Table :- Books
Book_Id Book_Name Author_Name Publishers Price Type Qty
C0001 Fast Cook Lata Kapoor EPB 355 Cookery 5
F0001 The Teasers William First Publ. 650 Fiction 20
Hopkins
T0001 My First C++ Brian & EPB 350 Text 10
Brooke
T0002 C++ A. W. TDH 350 Text 15
Brainworks Rossaine
F0002 Thunderbolts Anna Roberts First Publ. 750 Fiction 50

Table: - Issued
Book_Id Quantity_Issued
T0001 4
C0001 5
F0001 2

1. Select * FROM Books WHERE Qty BETWEEN 10 and 50;

Output :-

Book_Id Book_Name Author_Name Publishers Price Type Qty

T0002 C++ A. W. TDH 350 Text 15
Brainworks Rossaine
F0001 The Teasers William First Publ. 650 Fiction 20
Hopkins
F0002 Thunderbolts Anna Roberts First Publ. 750 Fiction 50
 2. Select * FROM Books WHERE (Publishers = “EPB” OR
Publishers = “TDH”;

Output:-

Book_Id Book_Name Author_Name Publishers Price Type Qty

C0001 Fast Cook Lata Kapoor EPB 355 Cookery 5
T0001 My First C++ Brian & Brooke EPB 350 Text 10
T0002 C++ A. W. Rossaine TDH 350 Text 15
Brainworks

3. UPDATE Books SET Price = Price + 50 WHERE Publishers =

“EPB”;
Select * FROM Books WHERE Publishers = “EPB”;

Output :-

Book_Id Book_Name Author_Name Publishers Price Type Qty

C0001 Fast Cook Lata Kapoor EPB 405 Cookery 5
T0001 My First Brian & EPB 400 Text 10
C++ Brooke

4. Select SUM (Quantity Issued) FROM Issued;

Output :- 11

5. Select COUNT (DISTINCT Publishers) FROM Books;

Output :- 3