CSE1004 Networks and Communication

Experiment – 2 Networking Commands

Reg. No. 17BCE0136 Name : R.S.Rahul Sai

1) ifconfig

a) Option: -a
Description of option: displays all information
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Interpretation: displays all information for all adapters

b) Option: -s
Description of option: short list
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Interpretation: displays a short numerical list for all interfaces

c) Option: -v
Description of option: verbose
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Interpretation: displays a verbose list of all interfaces, useful in error detection

d) Option: <interface> down
Description of option: switching down interface
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Interpretation: shuts down the interface mentioned

e) Option: <interface> up
Description of option: switching up interface
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Interpretation: turns back on the interface mentioned

2) ping

a) Option: -i <seconds> <url>

Description of option: interval for sending packets
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Interpretation: This option decides the intervals in which the packets are sent

b) Option: -s <packetsize> <url>

Description of option: size of packets
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Interpretation:Decides the size of packets for sending

c) Option: -p <pattern> <url>

Description of option: sends a specific pattern packet
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Interpretation: Decides the pattern of the packet to be sent

d) Option: -w <deadline> <URL>
Description of option: provides a deadline for the operation
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Interpretation: runs for specified seconds before quitting the operation

e) Option: -t <URL>
Description of option: shows the time to live data
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Interpretation: shows whether the packet exceeds the time to live provided
3) traceroute

a) Option: -4 , -6
Description of option: configuration of ipv4 or ipv6 addresses
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Interpretation: ipv4 or ipv6 addresses can be traced by this command.

b) Option: -f <first> <url>

Description of option: Specifies with what TTL to start
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Interpretation: Specifies from which hop the data is shown

c) Option: -m <max> <url>

Description of option: specifies the maximum hops allowed
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Interpretation: The maximum hops allowed from the starting position

d) Option: -i <interface> <url>

Description of option: specifies the interface from which the request is sent
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Interpretation: The interface from which the request is sent out can be selected. Admin only
command
e) Option: -N <number> <URL>
Description of option: specifies a fixed number of hops
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Interpretation: The number of hops is fixed to the number mentioned.

4) netstat

a) Option: -an
Description of option: all active connections to the server
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Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.

b) Option: -rn
Description of option: routing table
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Interpretation: Shows the kernel IP routing table

c) Option: -natp
Description of option: specifies the interface from which the request is sent
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Interpretation: The interface from which the request is sent out can be selected. Admin only
command
d) Option: -g
Description of option: specifies the ipv4 and ipv6 servers
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Interpretation: Displays multicast group membership information for both IPv4 and IPv6.

e) Option: -e
Description of option: kernel interface table

Interpretation: Lists out the complete kernel interface table of the system.
5) nslookup

a) Option: -soa
Description of option: start of authority
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Interpretation: A start of authority (SOA) record is information stored in a domain name

system (DNS) zone about that zone and about other DNS records.

b) Option: -mx
Description of option: mail exchange
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Interpretation: MX record is being used to map a domain name to a list of mail exchange
servers for that domain.

c) Option: -ns
Description of option: Name Server
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Interpretation: It lists the name servers responsible for keeping the file that contains
information about the domain name(s) and corresponding IP addresses (zone file)
d) Option: -any
Description of option: all Available
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Interpretation: The results show all the dns records of the url

e) Option: -debug
Description of option: all active connections to the server
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Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.
6) dig

a) Option: -f “list of websites” <options>

Description of option: all active connections to the server
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Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.

b) Option: -t NS “website” <options>

Description of option: all active connections to the server
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Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.

c) Option: +nocomments
Description of option: all active connections to the server
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Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.

d) Option: +trace
Description of option: all active connections to the server
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 Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.

e) Option: -p <port> <url>

Description of option: all active connections to the server
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Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.
7) arp

a) Option: -v
Description of option: all active connections to the server
Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.

b) Option: -n
Description of option: all active connections to the server
Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server

c) Option: -H <hwtype>
Description of option: all active connections to the server
Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server

d) Option: -a
Description of option: all active connections to the server
Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server

e) Option: -i <interface>
Description of option: all active connections to the server
Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server
8) host

a) Option: -a <url>
Description of option: all active connections to the server
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Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.

b) Option: -c IN <url>
Description of option: all active connections to the server
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Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.
c) Option: -d <url>
Description of option: all active connections to the server
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Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.

d) Option: -i <url>
Description of option: all active connections to the server
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Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.

e) Option: -4 <url>
Description of option: all active connections to the server
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Interpretation: The results show a large list of active connections to the server.