Quick Guide to Citations and References

using the Harvard Style

Below is a table of examples showing the different types of citation and reference for the materials
you may use in your work.

Source Type Reference List Format
Book (1 Author’s Surname,
author) INITIALS., Year of
Publication. Title [online (if
an e-­ book)]. Edition. Place
of Publication: Publisher
Reference List Example In text example/s
Gross, R., 2015. As Gross (2015, p.33) said,
Psychology: The Science of "theory and practice
Mind and Behaviour. 7th should…"
edition. London: Hodder
Education. A more recent study (Gross
2015) stated…

Theory arises out of

practice and the two are
inextricably linked (Gross
2015).

1
Source Type Reference List Format
Book (2 or Author’s Surname,
more INITIALS. and Author
authors) Surname, INITIALS., Year of
Publication. Title [online (if
an e-­ book)]. Edition. Place
of Publication: Publisher
Reference List Example
Smith, M., and Lowe, A.,
2012. Socially responsible
sourcing. 4th Edition.
London: Purley
In text example/s
Smith and Lowe
(2012) say that...
“Quotation” (Smith and
Lowe 2012, p55)

Book (3 or Author’s Surname,
more INITIALS., Author Surname,
authors) INITIALS., Author Surname
INITIALS., Year of
Publication. Title [online (if
an e-­ book)]. Edition. Place
of Publication: Publisher
Browning, M., Clarke, J.,
Mitchell, T., 2013. A Study
Guide for Students. 6th
Edition. London: Hodder
Education
Browning et al. (2016) say
that...
“Quotation” (Browning et
al. 2016, p48)

Article Only list the work you have Malcolm, A., 2016. As Fox argued (cited in
quoted or read in the reference list. Advanced Research Malcolm 2016) the…
referenced Methods. 4th Edition.
in another Oxford: OUP “Quotation” (Fox cited in
source Malcolm 2016, p246)

Chapter in Author of chapter’s Cudney, E.A., 2015. Cudney (2015) argued

an edited surname, INITIALS., Year of
volume publication. Title of
contribution. In: Surname,
INITIALS., of author/ editor
of publication followed by
ed. or eds. if appropriate.
(Year of publication, if
different to contribution).
Title of book [online] (if
applicable). Edition (if not
the first edition). Place of
publication: Publisher, Page
number(s) of contribution.
Development of Strategic that...
Quality Metrics for
Organisations. In: Sampaio, “Quotation” (Cudney 2016,
P. and Saraviva, P., eds. p57)
2016. Quality in the 21st
Century: Perspectives from
ASQ Feigenbaum Medal
Winners. 2nd edition.
Switzerland: Springer, 57-­
68.

Downloaded Author/Editor Surname, Milton, A., 2012. The good Milton (2012) argues
E-­ book INITALS., Year. Title [type of study guide [Kindle edition]. that...
e-­ reader]. Edition. Place of London: Macmillan
publication: Publisher if “Quotation” (Milton
given 2012, chapter 2)

2
Source Type Reference List Format
Journal Author Surname, INITIALS.,
article (print Author Surname, INITIALS.,
or online) Author Surname INITIALS.,
Year of Title of Article. Title
of Journal [online (if
appropriate)]. Volume
number and (part number),
Page numbers of article
Webpage Author/Editor Surname,
INITIALS., Year. Title of
webpage. Place of
publication: Publisher.
Available from: URL
[Accessed date]
Newspaper Author’s Surname,
or Magazine INITIALS., (or
Newspaper/Magazine
Title,) Year of publication.
Title of article. Title of
newspaper/magazine, Day
Month Year, Page
number/s and column
number (a, b, c etc.).
Online Author’s Surname, INITIALS
Newspaper (or Newspaper/Magazine
or Magazine Title) Year of publication.
Title of article. Title of
newspaper/magazine
[online], Day Month Year.
Available from: URL
[Accessed date].
Reference List Example In text example/s
Hames, M., 2014. Hames (2014)
Fixing the Future. Business suggests...
Strategy Quarterly [online].
77(6), 455-­­456 “Quotation” (Hames 2014,
p456)
Chartered Trading Standards CTSI (2016) states that...
Institute. Regulatory
Consultancy Services “Quotation” (CTSI 2016)
[online]. London: CTSI.
Available from:
http://www.tradingstandard
s.uk/advice/RegulatoryCons
ultancy.cfm [Accessed 4
August 2016].
The Times, 2016. Rush to An article from The Times
withdraw savings as (2016) suggests that...
negative interest rate
looms. The Times, 4 August “Quotation” (The Times
2016, 2b. 2016)
Monbiot, G., 2016. The Monbiot (2016) argues
climate crisis is already here that...
– but no one’s telling us.
The Guardian [online], 04 “Quotation” (Monbiot
August 2016. Available 2016)
from:
https://www.theguardian.c
om/commentisfree/2016/a
ug/03/climate-­ crisis-­­media-­
relegates-­­greatest-­
challenge-­ hurtle-­ us-­
collapse-­ planet [Accessed 4
August 2016].
3
Source Type Reference List Format
Photographs Photographer/Artist’s
or Images Surname, INITIALS., Year of
publication. Title of image
[type of image]. Place of
publication: Publisher if
given. Collection Details if
available (Collection,
Document number,
Geographical Town/Place:
Name of
Library/Archive/Reposit
ory).
Online Photographer/Artist’s
Photograph Surname, INITIALS., Year of
or image publication. Title of image
[type of image]. Place of
publication: Publisher (of
online image) if given.
Available from: URL
[Accessed Date].
Social Media Author's Surname, INITIALS.,
(e.g. blogs, Year. Title of entry. Title of
Facebook, website [online]. Day Month
online Year. Available from: URL
discussion [Accessed Date].
forum)
Reference List Example In text example/s
Ogden, E., 1982. Falklands In Figure 4, Ogden (1982)
Conflict Yorke Bay shows...
[photograph]. London:
Imperial War Museum. Eric If including the
Ogden Collection. 9FKD illustration in text, it
2546, 27, IWM Archive should be labelled with
London. a figure number and
short description e.g.
Figure 4: Falklands
Conflict Yorke Bay
(Ogden 1982).
Orland, R., 2002. In Figure 4, Orland (2002)
Newcathedral.jpg shows...
[photograph]. Coventry:
historiccoventry.co.uk. If including the
Available from: illustration in text, it
http://www.historiccoventr should be labelled with
y.co.uk/cathedrals/newcath a figure number and
edral.jpg [Accessed 7 short description e.g.
August 2016]. Figure 4: Coventry
Cathedral (Orland 2002).
Hassan, T., 2015. lays As Hassan (2015)
down the law with new suggests...
course offering.
www.notgoingtouni.co.uk “Quotation” (Hassan
[online]. 17 November 2015).
2015. Available from:
http://www.notgoingtouni.
co.uk/blog/lays-­­down-­­
the-­­ law-­­with-­­new-­­
course-­­ offering-­­2990
[Accessed 8 August
2016].
4
Source Type Reference List Format
YouTube Originator, Year. Title [type,
format]. Place of
publication or production
(if given): Publisher or
Producer (if given).
Available from: URL
[Accessed Date].
Film Title, Year. (For films the
preferred date is the year of
release in the country of
production.) [type, format].
Production credit (e.g.
Director or Producer).
Production place:
Production company.
Reference List Example In text example/s
The Late Late Show with As evident in the online
James Corden, 2015. Stevie video by James Corden in
Wonder Carpool Karaoke the Late Late Show
[video, online]. Available (2016)...
from:
https://www.youtube.com/ “Quotation” (The Late
watch?v=qqrvm2XDvpQ Late Show with James
[Accessed 8 August 2016]. Corden 2015)
London has Fallen, 2016. As evident in the film
[film, DVD]. Directed by London has Fallen (2016)...
Babak Najafi. Santa Monica,
CA: Lionsgate. “Quotation” (London has
Fallen 2016)