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5 Administrar La Instancia PDF
5 Administrar La Instancia PDF
Objectives
-2
Initialization Parameter Files
spfileorcl.ora
or
initorcl.ora
-3
Types of Initialization Parameters
Basic Advanced
CONTROL_FILES COMMIT_LOGGING
DB_BLOCK_SIZE COMMIT_WAIT
PROCESSES DB_CACHE_SIZE
UNDO_TABLESPACE SHARED_POOL_SIZE
… …
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Initialization Parameters: Examples
Parameter Specifies
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Initialization Parameters: Examples
PGA PGA
Database
Redo log
Shared pool buffer
buffer
cache
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Initialization Parameters: Examples
Parameter Specifies
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Using SQL*Plus to View Parameters
SQL> SELECT name, value FROM v$parameter;
NAME VALUE
------------ ----------
lock_name_space
processes 300
sessions 472
timed_statistics TRUE
timed_os_statistics 0
…
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Changing Initialization Parameter Values
• Static parameters:
– Can be changed only in the parameter file
– Require restarting the instance before taking effect
• Dynamic parameters:
– Can be changed while database is online
– Can be altered at:
— Session level
— System level
– Are valid for duration of session or based on SCOPE setting
– Are changed by using the ALTER SESSION and ALTER
SYSTEM commands
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Changing Parameter Values: Examples
SQL> ALTER SESSION
2 SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT ='mon dd yyyy';
Session altered.
SYSDATE
-----------
oct 17 2012
System altered.
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Quiz
- 16
Starting Up an Oracle Database Instance:
NOMOUNT
OPEN
STARTUP
MOUNT
NOMOUNT
Instance
started
SHUTDOWN
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Starting Up an Oracle Database Instance:
MOUNT
OPEN
STARTUP
MOUNT
Control file
opened for this
NOMOUNT instance
Instance
started
SHUTDOWN
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Starting Up an Oracle Database Instance:
OPEN
OPEN
STARTUP All files opened as
described by the control
MOUNT file for this instance
Control file
opened for this
NOMOUNT instance
Instance
started
SHUTDOWN
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Startup Options: Examples
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Shutdown Modes
Shutdown Modes A I T N
Shutdown modes:
• A = ABORT
• I = IMMEDIATE
• T = TRANSACTIONAL
• N = NORMAL
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Shutdown Options
Consistent database
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Shutdown Options
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Shutdown Options: Examples
• Using SQL*Plus:
SQL> shutdown 1
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Viewing the Alert Log
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Using Trace Files
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Administering the DDL Log File
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Understanding the Debug Log File
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Using Dynamic Performance Views
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Dynamic Performance Views: Usage Examples
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Dynamic Performance Views: Considerations
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Data Dictionary: Overview
Tables
Indexes
SYSTEM Tablespace
Views
Users
Schemas
Procedures
Metadata
…and so on
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Data Dictionary Views
ALL_ Everyone Everything that DBA_ views Includes user’s own objects
the user has and other objects that the
privileges to user has been granted
see privileges to see
USER_ Everyone Everything that ALL_ views Is usually the same as ALL_
the user owns except for the missing
OWNER column. (Some
views have abbreviated
names as PUBLIC
synonyms.)
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Data Dictionary: Usage Examples
4 DESCRIBE dba_indexes
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Quiz
Which data dictionary view can be used to find the names of all
tables in the database?
a. USER_TABLES
b. ALL_TABLES
c. DBA_TABLES
d. ANY_TABLES
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Summary
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Practice: Overview
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