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Activated Sludge Models
Activated Sludge Models
Activated Sludge Models
a
Cemagref, UR HBAN, Parc de Tourvoie, BP 44, F-92163 Antony Cedex, France.
b
modelEAU, Université Laval, Département de génie civil, Pavillon Adrien-Pouliot, 1065 av. de la Médecine, Québec (QC), G1
c
EnviroSim Associates Ltd., 7 Innovation Drive, Suite 205, Flamborough (ON), L9H 7H9, Canada.
d
EnviroSim Europe, 15 Impasse Fauré, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
Abstract
The quality of simulation results can be significantly affected by errors in the published model (typing, inconsistencies, ga
numerical model description. Seven of the most commonly used activated sludge models have been investigated to point ou
model publications: (1) ASM1 (Henze et al., 1987; republished in Henze et al., 2000a); (2) ASM2d (Henze et al., 1999; repub
al., 1999; corrected version published in Gujer et al., 2000); (4) ASM3+Bio-P (Rieger et al., 2001); (5) ASM2d+TUD (Meijer, 2
UCTPHO+ (Hu et al., 2007).
A systematic approach to verify models by tracking typing errors and inconsistencies in model development and software im
kinetic rate expressions are checked for each model and the errors found are reported in detail. A spreadsheet (http://w
corrected matrices with the calculations of all stoichiometric coefficients for the discussed biokinetic models and gives an exam
Keywords ASM, Continuity, Composition Matrix, Errors, Gujer Matrix, Model implementation, Petersen Matrix
Reference:
H. Hauduc, L. Rieger, I. Takács, A. Héduit, P.A. Vanrolleghem and S. Gillot (2010). A systematic approach for mod
Activated Sludge Models. Water Science and Technology, 61(4), 825-839.
Parameters
* Henze M., Grady C. P. L. Jr, Gujer W., Marais G. v. R. and Matsuo T. (2000) Activated Sludge Model No. 1, IW
Technical Report No. 9, London IWA.
**The parameters and variables newly introduced in this study are named according to the standardised
al., 2010) and thus may not be consistent with the original model notation.
Dissolved oxygen
State Variables
Nitrate and nitrite (NO3 + NO2) (considered to be NO3 only for stoichiometry)
Standardised Value*
Parameter ** notation unit T=20°C
SS SB Aerobic growth of
g COD.m-3 1
heterotrophs
SI SU Anoxic growth of
g COD.m-3 2
heterotrophs
Aerobic growth of
1
heterotrophs
Anoxic growth of
2
heterotrophs
Aerobic growth of
3
autotrophs
4 Decay of heterotrophs
5 Decay of autotrophs
Ammonification of soluble
6
organic Nitrogen
Hydrolysis of entrapped
7
organics
Hydrolysis of entrapped
8
organic nitrogen
Components
Aerobic growth of
heterotrophs
Anoxic growth of heterotrophs
Aerobic growth of autotrophs
Decay of heterotrophs
Decay of autotrophs
Ammonification of soluble
organic Nitrogen
Hydrolysis of entrapped
organics
Hydrolysis of entrapped
organic nitrogen
Corrected M
SI SS XI XS XB,H XB,A XP SO
-1/YH 1 -(1-YH)/YH
-1/YH 1
-(-iCOD_NOx-
1
YA)/YA
1-fP -1 fP
1-fP -1 fP
1 -1
Composition Matrix
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1
0 0 0 0 iXB iXB iXP 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Corrected Mat
SU SB XU,Inf XCB XOHO XANO XU,E SO2
-1/YOHO 1
-(-iCOD_NOx-
1
YANO )/YANO
1-fXU_Bio,lys -1 fXU_Bio,lys
1-fXU_Bio,lys -1 fXU_Bio,lys
1 -1
Composition Matrix
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1
0 0 0 0 iN_XBio iN_XBio iN_XUE 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Co
S_I S_S X_I X_S X_B.H X_B.A X_P S_O
-1.49 1 -0.49
-1.49 1
1 -18.05
0.92 -1 0.08
0.92 -1 0.08
1 -1
Kinet
Component Function Conseq
Consumed component (every state variable with a negative sign) L
Biomass involved in the process proportio
Other required component L
Inhibitory component I
-iXB -iXB*iCharge_NHx
-(1-YH)/ -(1-YH)/(iNOx,N2*YH)*iCharge_NOx-
-iXB
(iNOx,N2*YH) iXB*iCharge_NHx
-
1/YA -iXB-1/YA (iXB+1/YA)*iCharge_NHx+(1/YA)*i
Charge_NOx
iXB-fP*iXP
iXB-fP*iXP
1 -1 iCharge_NHx
1 -1
tion Matrix
iCOD_NOx 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 0
iCharge_NOx iCharge_NHx 0 0 -1
rrected Matrix: Standardised Notation
SNO3 SNHX SB,N XCB,N SAlk
-iN_XBio -iN_XBio*iCharge_NHx
-(iN_XBio+1/YANO )
1/YANO -iN_XBio-1/YANO
*iCharge_NHx+(1/YANO )*iCharge_NOx
iN_XBio-
fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XUE
iN_XBio-
fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XUE
1 -1 iCharge_NHx
1 -1
tion Matrix
iCOD_NOx 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 0
iCharge_NOx iCharge_NHx 0 0 -1
Continuity check
S_NO S_NH S_ND X_ND S_ALK
-0.09 -0.006
0.0812
0.0812
1 -1 0.07
1 -1
*
SN2 Pocess rate
μH*[SS/(KS+SS)]*[SO/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNH/(KNH,H+SNH)]*XB,H
(1-YH)/
μH*[SS/(KS+SS)]*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO+SNO)]*[SNH/(KNH,H+SNH)]*ηg*XB,H
(iNOx,N2*YH)
μA*[SNH/(KNH+SNH)]*[SO/(KO,A+SO)]*XB,A
bH*XB,H
bA*XB,A
ka*SND*XB,H
kH*[(XS/XB,H)/(KX+XS/XB,H)]*([SO/(KO,H+SO)]+ηh*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNO/
(KNO+SNO)])*XB,H
kH*(XND/XS)*[(XS/XB,H)/(KX+XS/XB,H)]*([SO/(KO,H+SO)]+ηh*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNO/
(KNO+SNO)])*XB,H
iCOD_N2
1
0
SN2 Pocess rate
μOHO,Max*[SB/(KS+SB)]*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNHX/(KNHx,OHO+SNHX)]*XOHO
(1-YOHO
μOHO,Max*[SB/(KS+SB)]*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SNHX/
)/(iNOx,N2*YOH
(KNHx,OHO+SNHX)]*nμOHO,Ax*XOHO
O
)
μANO,Max*[SNHX/(KNHx,ANO+SNHX)]*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*XANO
bOHO*XOHO
bANO*XANO
qam*SB,N*XOHO
qXCB_SB,hyd*[(XCB/XOHO)/(KXB,hyd+XCB/XOHO)]*([SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]
+nqhyd,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)])*XOHO
qXCB_SB,hyd*(XCB,N/XCB)*[(XCB/XOHO)/(KXB,hyd+XCB/XOHO)]*([SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]
+nqhyd,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)])*XOHO
iCOD_N2
1
0
Composition Matrix
COD N Charge
S_I 1 0 0
S_S 1 0 0
X_I 1 0 0
X_S 1 0 0
X_B.H 1 0.086 0
X_B.A 1 0.086 0
X_P 1 0.06 0
S_O -1 0 0
S_NO -4.57 1 -0.071
S_NH 0 1 0.071
S_ND 0 1 0
X_ND 0 1 0
S_ALK 0 0 -1
S_N2 -1.7142857142857 1 0
S_N2
0.172
0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
S_N2
Parameters
* Henze M., Gujer W., Mino T., Matsuo T., Wentzel M. C., Marais G.v.R., and van Loosdrecht M.C.M. (2000). Act
Technical Report No. 9, London IWA.
**The parameters and variables newly introduced in this study are named according to the standardised
consistent with the original model notation.
Dissolved oxygen
Nitrate and nitrite (NO3 + NO2) (considered to be NO3 only for stoichiometry)
State variables Dissolved nitrogen gas
Alkalinity (HCO3-)
N content of SF
Stoichiometry
N content of SU
N content of XU
N content of XB
Sto N content of biomass (XOHO, XPAO, XANO)
P content of SF
P content of SU
P content of XU
P content of XB
ding to the standardised notation rules (Corominas et al., 2010) and thus may not be
SF SF g COD.m-3 1
SA SAc g COD.m-3 2
SI SU g COD.m-3 3
XS XCB g COD.m-3 5
XI XU g COD.m-3 6
XH XOHO g COD.m-3 11
μH μOHO,Max d-1 6
KF KSF,OHO g SF.m-3 4
SO2 SF SA SNH4
-((1-fSI)*iN,SF+fSI*iN,SI-
Aerobic hydrolysis 1-fSI
iN,XS)
-((1-fSI)*iN,SF+fSI*iN,SI-
Anoxic hydrolysis 1-fSI
iN,XS)
-((1-fSI)*iN,SF+fSI*iN,SI-
Anaerobic hydrolysis 1-fSI
iN,XS)
Fermentation -1 1 iN,SF
-(fXI*iN,XI+(1-fXI)*iN,XS-
Lysis
iN,BM)
Storage of XPHA -1
-(1-
Aerobic growth of XPAO -iN,BM
YPAO)/YPAO
-(fXI*iN,XI+(1-fXI)*iN,XS-
Lysis of XPAO
iN,BM)
Lysis of XPP
Lysis of XPHA 1
-(-iCOD_NOx-
Aerobic growth of XAUT -iN,BM-1/YA
YA)/YA
-(fXI*iN,XI+(1-fXI)*iN,XS-
Lysis
iN,BM)
Precipitation
Redissolution
Composition Matrix
COD -1 1 1
N iN,SF 1
P iP,SF
Charge iCharge_Ac iCharge_NHx
TSS
-((1-
1- fSU_XCB,hyd)*iN_SF+fSU_XC
Aerobic hydrolysis fSU_XCB,hyd
*i -i
B,hyd N_SU N_XCB
)
-((1-
1- fSU_XCB,hyd)*iN_SF+fSU_XC
Anoxic hydrolysis fSU_XCB,hyd
*i -i
B,hyd N_SU N_XCB
)
-((1-
1- fSU_XCB,hyd)*iN_SF+fSU_XC
Anaerobic hydrolysis fSU_XCB,hyd
*i -i
B,hyd N_SU N_XCB
)
-(1-
Aerobic growth on SF -1/YOHO -(-1/YOHO*iN_SF+iN_XBio)
YOHO)/YOHO
-(1-
Aerobic growth on SA -1/YOHO -iN_XBio
YOHO)/YOHO
Fermentation -1 1 iN_SF
-(fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+(1-
Lysis
fXU_Bio,lys)*iN_XB-iN_XBio)
Storage of XPHA -1
-(1-
Aerobic growth of XPAO -iN_XBio
YPAO)/YPAO
-(fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+(1-
Lysis of XPAO
fXU_Bio,lys)*iN_XCB-iN_XBio)
Lysis of XPP
Lysis of XPHA 1
-(-iCOD_NOx-
Aerobic growth of XAUT -iN_XBio-1/YANO
YANO)/YANO
-(fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+(1-
Lysis
fXU_Bio,lys)*iN_XCB-iN_XBio)
Precipitation
Redissolution
Composition Matrix
COD -1 1 1
N iN_SF 1
P iP_SF
Charge iCharge_Ac iCharge_NHx
TSS
S_O2 S_F S_A S_NH4
Component Function
Consumed component (every state variable with a
Biomass involved in the process
Other required component
Inhibitory component
Corrected Matri
SNO3 SPO4 SI SALK
-((1-fSI)*iP,SF+fSI*iP,SI-
fSI iCharge_NHx*v1_NH4+iCharge_PO4*v1_PO4
iP,XS)
-((1-fSI)*iP,SF+fSI*iP,SI-
fSI iCharge_NHx*v2_NH4+iCharge_PO4*v2_PO4
iP,XS)
-((1-fSI)*iP,SF+fSI*iP,SI-
fSI iCharge_NHx*v3_NH4+iCharge_PO4*v3_PO4
iP,XS)
-(-1/YH*iP,SF+iP,BM) iCharge_NHx*v4_NH4+iCharge_PO4*v4_PO4
iCharge_NHx*v5_NH4+iCharge_PO4*v5_PO4+iChar
-iP,BM
ge_Ac
*v5_SA
iCharge_NHx*v6_NH4+iCharge_PO4*v6_PO4+iCha
-(1-YH)/(iNOx,N2*YH) -(-1/YH*iP,SF+iP,BM)
rge_NOx
*v6_NOx
iCharge_NHx*v7_NH4+iCharge_PO4*v7_PO4+iCha
-(1-YH)/(iNOx,N2*YH) -iP,BM
rge_NOx
*v7_NOx+iCharge_Ac*v7_SA
iCharge_NHx*v8_NH4+iCharge_PO4*v8_PO4+iChar
iP,SF
ge_Ac
-(iP,XI*fXI+(1-fXI)*iP,XS-
iCharge_NHx*v9_NH4+iCharge_PO4*v9_PO4
iP,BM)
-iCharge_Ac+iCharge_PO4*YPO4-
YPO4
iCharge_XPAO,PP*YPO4
-1 -iCharge_PO4+iCharge_XPAO,PP
-
-YPHA*(1/iNOx,N2) -1 iCharge_PO4+iCharge_NOx*v12_NOx+iCharge_XPA
O,PP
-iP,BM iCharge_NHx*v13_NH4-iP,BM*iCharge_PO4
-(1-
iCharge_NHx*v14_NH4+iCharge_NOx*v14_NOx-
YPAO)/YPAO*(1/iNOx, -iP,BM
iP,BM*iCharge_PO4
N2
)
-(fXI*iP,XI+(1-fXI)*iP,XS-
iCharge_NHx*v15_NH4+iCharge_PO4*v15_PO4
iP,BM)
1 iCharge_PO4-iCharge_XPAO,PP
iCharge_Ac
(-iN,BM-
1/YA -iP,BM 1/YA)*iCharge_NHx+1/YA*iCharge_NOx-
iP,BM*iCharge_PO4
-(fXI*iP,XI+(1-fXI)*iP,XS-
iCharge_NHx*v19_NH4+iCharge_PO4*v19_PO4
iP,BM)
-1 -iCharge_PO4
1 iCharge_PO4
iCOD_NOx 1
1 iN,SI
1 iP,SI
iCharge_NOx iCharge_PO4 -1
Corrected Matrix:
SNO3 SPO4 SU SAlk
-((1-
fSU_XCB,hyd)*iP_SF+fSU_XC fSU_XCB,hyd iCharge_NHx*v1_SNHx+iCharge_PO4*v1_SPO4
*i -i
B,hyd P_SU P_XCB
)
-((1-
fSU_XCB,hyd)*iP_SF+fSU_XC fSU_XCB,hyd iCharge_NHx*v2_SNHx+iCharge_PO4*v2_SPO4
*i -i
B,hyd P_SU P_XCB
)
-((1-
fSU_XCB,hyd)*iP_SF+fSU_XC fSU_XCB,hyd iCharge_NHx*v3_SNHx+iCharge_PO4*v3_SPO4
*i -i
B,hyd P_SU P_XCB
)
-(-1/YOHO*iP_SF+iP_XBio) iCharge_NHx*v4_SNHx+iCharge_PO4*v4_SPO4
iCharge_NHx*v5_SNHx+iCharge_PO4*v5_PO4+iCh
-iP_XBio
arge_Ac
*v5_SAc
-(1-YOHO)/ iCharge_NHx*v6_SNHx+iCharge_PO4*v6_SPO4+i
-(-1/YOHO*iP_SF+iP_XBio)
(iNOx,N2*YOHO) Charge_NOx
*v6_SNOx
-(1-YOHO)/ iCharge_NHx*v7_SNHx+iCharge_PO4*v7_SPO4+i
-iP_XBio
(iNOx,N2*YOHO) Charge_NOx
*v7_SNOx+iCharge_Ac*v7_SAc
iCharge_NHx*v8_SNHx+iCharge_PO4*v8_SPO4+iC
iP_SF
harge_SAc
-(iP_XU*fXU_Bio,lys+(1-
iCharge_NHx*v9_SNHx+iCharge_PO4*v9_SPO4
fXU_Bio,lys)*iP_XB-iP_XBio)
-iCharge_Ac+iCharge_PO4*YPP_PHA,PAO-
YPP_PHA,PAO
iCharge_XPAO,PP*YPP_PHA,PAO
-1 -iCharge_PO4+iCharge_XPAO,PP
- -
(1/YPHA_PP)*(1/iNOx, -1 iCharge_PO4+iCharge_NOx*v12_SNOx+iCharge_XP
N2
) AO,PP
-iP_XBio iCharge_NHx*v13_SNHx-iP_XBio*iCharge_PO4
-(1-
iCharge_NHx*v14_SNHx+iCharge_NOx*v14_SNOx-
YPAO)/YPAO*(1/iNOx, -iP_XBio
iP_XBio*iCharge_PO4
N2
)
-(fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU+(1-
iCharge_NHx*v15_SNHx+iCharge_PO4*v15_SPO4
fXU_Bio,lys)*iP_XCB-iP_XBio)
1 iCharge_PO4-iCharge_XPAO,PP
iCharge_Ac
(-iN_XBio-
1/YANO -iP_XBio 1/YANO)*iCharge_NHx+1/YANO*iCharge_NOx-
iP_XBio*iCharge_PO4
-(fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU+(1-
iCharge_NHx*v19_SNHx+iCharge_PO4*v19_SPO4
fXU_Bio,lys)*iP_XCB-iP_XBio)
-1 -iCharge_PO4
1 iCharge_PO4
iCOD_NOx 1
1 iN_SU
1 iP_SU
iCharge_NOx iCharge_PO4 -1
Contin
S_NO3 S_PO4 S_I S_ALK
0 0 0.001
0 0 0.001
0 0 0.001
-0.004 -0.001
-0.02 0.021
-0.21 -0.004 0.014
-0.21 -0.02 0.036
0.01 -0.014
0.01 0.002
0.4 0.009
-1 0.016
-0.07 -1 0.021
-0.02 -0.004
-0.21 -0.02 0.011
0.01 0.002
1 -0.016
-0.016
4.17 -0.02 -0.599
0.01 0.002
-1 0.048
1 -0.048
Kinetic ch
Component Function Consequence on the kine
onent (every state variable with a negative sign) Limitation monod functio
iomass involved in the process proportional to the biomass conc
Other required component Limitation monod functio
Inhibitory component Inhibitory monod function
-1
-1
-1
(1-YH)/(iNOx,N2*YH) 1
(1-YH)/(iNOx,N2*YH) 1
fXI 1-fXI -1
-YPO4 1
1 -YPHA
YPHA*(1/iNOx,N2) 1 -YPHA
1 -1/YPAO
(1-
YPAO)/YPAO*(1/iNOx, 1 -1/YPAO
N2
)
fXI 1-fXI -1
-1
-1
fXI 1-fXI
iCOD_N2 1 1 1 1 1
1 iN,XI iN,XS iN,BM iN,BM
iP,XI iP,XS iP,BM iP,BM 1
iCharge_PP
iTSS,XI iTSS,XS iTSS,BM iTSS,BM iTSS,XPP iTSS,XPHA
-1
-1
-1
(1-YOHO)/
1
(iNOx,N2*YOHO)
(1-YOHO)/
1
(iNOx,N2*YOHO)
fXU_Bio,lys 1-fXU_Bio,lys -1
-
YPP_PHA,PA 1
O
1 -(1/YPHA_PP)
(_/YHA_PP)*(1/iNOx,N2
1 -(1/YPHA_PP)
)
1 -1/YPAO
(1-
YPAO)/YPAO*(1/iNOx, 1 -1/YPAO
N2
)
fXU_Bio,lys 1-fXU_Bio,lys -1
-1
-1
fXU_Bio,lys 1-fXU_Bio,lys
iCOD_N2 1 1 1 1 1
1 iN_XU iN_XCB iN_XBio iN_XBio
iP_XU iP_XCB iP_XBio iP_XBio 1
iCharge_PP
Continuity check
S_N2 X_I X_S X_H X_PAO X_PP X_PHA
-1
-1
-1
1
1
0.21 1
0.21 1
0.1 0.9 -1
-0.4 1
1 -0.2
0.07 1 -0.2
1 -1.60
0.21 1 -1.60
0.1 0.9 -1
-1
-1
0.1 0.9
-iTSS,XS Kh*[SO2/(KO2,HYD+SO2)]*[(XS/X
Kh*ηNO3,HYD*[KO2,HYD/(KO2,HYD+SO2)]*[SNO
-iTSS,XS
(XS/XH))]*X
Kh*ηfe*[KO2,HYD/(KO2,HYD+SO2)]*[KNO3,HYD
-iTSS,XS
(XS/XH))]*X
μH*[SO2/(KO2,H+SO2)]*[SF/(KF+S
iTSS,BM
(KNH4,H+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KP,H+SPO4)
μH*[SO2/(KO2,H+SO2)]*[SA/(KA,H+S
iTSS,BM
(KNH4,H+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KP,H+SPO4)
μH*ηNO3,H*[KO2,H/(KO2,H+SO2)]*[SNO3/(K
iTSS,BM
(SF+SA)]*[SNH4/(KNH4,H+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KP,
μH*ηNO3,H*[KO2,H/(KO2,H+SO2)]*[SNO3/(KN
iTSS,BM
(SF+SA)]*[SNH4/(KNH4,H+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KP,
qfe*[KO2,H/(KO2,H+SO2)]*[KNO3,H/(KNO3,H
(KALK,H+SALK)
fXI*iTSS,XI+(1-fXI)*iTSS,XS-iTSS,BM b H * XH
qPHA*[SA/(KA,PAO+SA)]*[SALK/(KALK,PA
-YPO4*iTSS,XPP+iTSS,XPHA
q *[S /(K (XPP/XPAO))]*
PP O2 O2,PAO
iTSS,XPP-YPHA*iTSS,XPHA (KALK,PAO+SALK)]*[(XPHA
q *η
PP
*[S (K/(IPP
NO3,PAO
KNO3
+SNO3)]
NO3,PAO
iTSS,XPP-YPHA*iTSS,XPHA (KPS+SPO4)]*[SALK/(KALK,PAO+SAL
(XPHA/XPAO))]*[(KMax-XPP/XPAO)/(KI
μPAO*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNH4/
iTSS,BM-1/YPAO*iTSS,XPHA (KP,PAO+SPO4)]*[SALK/(KALK,PAO+S
(XPHA/XPAO))]*
μPAO*ηNO3,PAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*
iTSS,BM-1/YPAO*iTSS,XPHA (KNH4,PAO+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KP,PAO+SPO4)]*[SA
(KPHA+(XPHA/XPA
fXI*iTSS,XI+(1-fXI)*iTSS,XS-iTSS,BM bPAO*XPAO*[SALK/(KA
-iTSS,XPP bPP*[SALK/(
-iTSS,XPHA bPHA*[SALK/(
μAUT*[SO2/(KO2,AUT+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4,AUT+S
1 iTSS,BM
(KALK,AUT+SALK)
-1 fXI*iTSS,XI+(1-fXI)*iTSS,XS-iTSS,BM bAUT*XAU
kPRE*SPO4*X
f_MeOH_PO4.MW+f_MeP_PO4.MW f_MeOH_PO4.MW f_MeP_PO4.MW
kRED*XMeP*[SALK/(KA
-(f_MeOH_PO4.MW+f_MeP_PO4.MW) -f_MeOH_PO4.MW -f_MeP_PO4.MW
1
iN,BM
iP,BM iP_XMeP
iTSS,BM -1 1 1
-iTSS_XCB qXCB_SB,hyd*[SO2/(KO2,hyd+SO2)]*[(XCB/XOH
qXCB_SB,hyd*nqhyd,Ax*[KO2,hyd/(K
-iTSS_XCB
(KNOx,hyd+SNOx)]*[(XCB/XOHO)/(KX
qXCB_SB,hyd*nqhyd,An*[KO2,hyd/(K
-iTSS_XCB
(KNOx,hyd+SNOx)]*[(XCB/XOHO)/(KX
μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SF/(KSF,
iTSS_XBio
(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,OHO+SPO
μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SAc/(KAc,O
iTSS_XBio
(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,OHO+SPO
μOHO,Max*nμOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO
iTSS_XBio (KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SAc)]*[SNH
(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KA
μOHO,Max*nμOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2
iTSS_XBio (KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/(SF+SAc)]*[SN
(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KA
qSF_Ac,Max*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[K
(KSF,fe+SF)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,O
fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU+(1-
bOHO*XOH
fXU_Bio,lys)*iTSS_XB-iTSS_XBio
-
qPAO,Ac_PHA*[SAc/(KAc,PAO+SAc)]*[SAlk/(K
YPP_PHA,PAO*iTSS_XPAO,PP+iTSS_XPA
(fPP_PAO,Max+(XPAO,PP/
O,PHA
qPAO,PO4_PP*[SO2/(KO2,PAO
iTSS_XPAO,PP-
(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA
(1/YPHA_PP)*iTSS_XPAO,PHA
q XPAO,PP
*n /X*[S PAO
)/(
PAO,PO4_PP μPAO NOx
iTSS_XPAO,PP- (KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*[SAlk
(1/YPHA_PP)*iTSS_XPAO,PHA (XPAO,PHA/XPAO))]*[(
μPAO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNH
iTSS_XBio-1/YPAO*iTSS_XPAO,PHA (KPO4,PAO,nut+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk
(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)
μPAO,Max*nμPAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]
iTSS_XBio-1/YPAO*iTSS_XPAO,PHA (KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO
(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPH
fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU+(1-
mPAO*XPAO*[SAlk/(KA
fXU_Bio,lys)*iTSS_XCB-iTSS_XBio
-iTSS_XPAO,PP bPP_PO4*[SAlk
-iTSS_XPAO,PHA bPHA_Ac*[SAlk/(
μANO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[SNH
1 iTSS_XBio
(KPO4,ANO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KA
fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU+(1-
-1 bANO*XAN
fXU_Bio,lys)*iTSS_XCB-iTSS_XBio
qP,pre*SPO4*X
f_MeOH_PO4.MW+f_MeP_PO4.MW f_MeOH_PO4.MW f_MeP_PO4.MW
qP,red*XMeP*[SAlk/(K
-(f_MeOH_PO4.MW+f_MeP_PO4.MW) -f_MeOH_PO4.MW -f_MeP_PO4.MW
1
iN_XBio
iP_XBio iP_XMeP
iTSS_XBio -1 1 1
Compos
COD
S_O2 -1
S_F 1
S_A 1
S_NH4
S_NO3 -4.571
S_PO4
S_I 1
S_ALK
S_N2 -1.714
X_I 1
X_S 1
X_H 1
X_PAO 1
X_PP
X_PHA 1
X_AUT 1
X_TSS
X_MeOH
X_MeP
X_AUT X_TSS X_MeOH X_MeP
-0.75 0E+00
-0.75 0E+00
-0.75 0E+00
0.9 0E+00
0.9 0E+00
0.9 0E+00
0.9 0E+00
0E+00
-0.15 0E+00
-0.69 0E+00
3.11 0E+00
3.11 0E+00
-0.06 0E+00
-0.06 0E+00
-0.15 0E+00
-3.23 0E+00
-0.6 0E+00
1 0.9 0E+00
-1 -0.15 0E+00
1.42 -3.45 4.86 0E+00
-1.42 3.45 -4.86 0E+00
Kh*[SO2/(KO2,HYD+SO2)]*[(XS/XH)/(KX+(XS/XH))]*XH
[KO2,HYD/(KO2,HYD+SO2)]*[SNO3/(KNO3,hyd+SNO3)]*[(XS/XH)/(KX+
(XS/XH))]*XH
HYD
/(KO2,HYD+SO2)]*[KNO3,HYD/(KNO3,HYD+SNO3)]*[(XS/XH)/(KX+
(XS/XH))]*XH
[SO2/(KO2,H+SO2)]*[SF/(KF+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SA)]*[SNH4/
4,H
+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KP,H+SPO4)]*[SALK/(KALK,H+SALK)]*XH
SO2/(KO2,H+SO2)]*[SA/(KA,H+SA)]*[SA/(SF+SA)]*[SNH4/
4,H
+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KP,H+SPO4)]*[SALK/(KALK,H+SALK)]*XH
[KO2,H/(KO2,H+SO2)]*[SNO3/(KNO3,H+SNO3)]*[SF/(KF+SF)]*[SF/
H4
/(KNH4,H+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KP,H+SPO4)]*[SALK/(KALK,H+SALK)]*XH
KO2,H/(KO2,H+SO2)]*[SNO3/(KNO3,H+SNO3)]*[SA/(KA,H+SA)]*[SA/
H4
/(KNH4,H+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KP,H+SPO4)]*[SALK/(KALK,H+SALK)]*XH
/(KO2,H+SO2)]*[KNO3,H/(KNO3,H+SNO3)]*[SF/(Kfe+SF)]*[SALK/
(KALK,H+SALK)]*XH
b H * XH
A
/(KA,PAO+SA)]*[SALK/(KALK,PAO+SALK)]*[(XPP/XPAO)/(KPP+
q *[S /(K (X+PP
S/X)]*[
PAOS
))]*X/(PAO
K +S )]*[S /
PP O2 O2,PAO O2 PO4 PS PO4 ALK
SALK)]*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPHA+(XPHA/XPAO))]*[(KMax-XPP/XPAO)/
*[S (K/(IPP
O3,PAO
K+KMax-(+XSPP/X)]*[
NO3
PAO
NO3,PAO
K))]*/(XKPAO +S )]*[S /
NO3 O2 O2,PAO O2 PO4
S
+SPO4)]*[SALK/(KALK,PAO+SALK)]*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPHA+
XPAO))]*[(KMax-XPP/XPAO)/(KIPP+KMax-(XPP/XPAO))]*XPAO
O
*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4,PAO+SNH4)]*[SPO4/
AO
+SPO4)]*[SALK/(KALK,PAO+SALK)]*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPHA+
(XPHA/XPAO))]*XPAO
,PAO
*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNO3/(KNO3,PAO+SNO3)]*[SNH4/
H4
)]*[SPO4/(KP,PAO+SPO4)]*[SALK/(KALK,PAO+SALK)]*[(XPHA/XPAO)/
(KPHA+(XPHA/XPAO))]*XPAO
bPAO*XPAO*[SALK/(KALK,PAO+SALK)]
bPP*[SALK/(KALK,PAO+SALK)]*[XPP/XPAO]*XPAO
bPHA*[SALK/(KALK,PAO+SALK)]*[XPHA/XPAO]*XPAO
2,AUT
+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4,AUT+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KP,AUT+SPO4)]*[SALK/
(KALK,AUT+SALK)]*XAUT
bAUT*XAUT
kPRE*SPO4*XMeOH
kRED*XMeP*[SALK/(KALK,PRE+SALK)]
Pocess rate
SO2/(KO2,hyd+SO2)]*[(XCB/XOHO)/(KXCB,hyd+(XCB/XOHO))]*XOHO
qXCB_SB,hyd*nqhyd,Ax*[KO2,hyd/(KO2,hyd+SO2)]*[SNOx/
hyd
+SNOx)]*[(XCB/XOHO)/(KXCB,hyd+(XCB/XOHO))]*XOHO
*nqhyd,An*[KO2,hyd/(KO2,hyd+SO2)]*[KNOx,hyd/
XCB_SB,hyd
hyd
+SNOx)]*[(XCB/XOHO)/(KXCB,hyd+(XCB/XOHO))]*XOHO
SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SAc)]*[SNHx/
+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO
O2
/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/(SF+SAc)]*[SNHx/
+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO
*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SF/
OHO,Ax
HO
+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SAc)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO
*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SAc/
OHO,Ax
O
+SAc)]*[SAc/(SF+SAc)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO
*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SF/
(KSF,fe+SF)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO
bOHO*XOHO
A
*[SAc/(KAc,PAO+SAc)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PP/XPAO)/
(fPP_PAO,Max+(XPAO,PP/XPAO))]*XPAO
4_PP
*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*[SAlk/
SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+(XPAO,PHA/XPAO))]*[(KMax-
*n /X*[S
PAO,PP PAO
μPAO
)/(K
/(K
NOx
+KMax-()]*[K
I,fPP_PAO +S
NOx,PAO
XPAO,PP/(K
NOx
/XPAO))]*+S
O2
XPAO)]*[S /
O2,PAO O2 PO4
t
+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+
AO,PHA
/XPAO))]*[(KMax-XPAO,PP/XPAO)/(KI,fPP_PAO+KMax-
(XPAO,PP/XPAO))]*XPAO
Max
*[ S O2
/( K O2,PAO
+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
ut
+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+
(XPAO,PHA/XPAO))]*XPAO
μPAO
*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SNHx/
(KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,nut+SPO4)]*[SAlk/
SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+(XPAO,PHA/XPAO))]*XPAO
mPAO*XPAO*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]
bPP_PO4*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[XPAO,PP/XPAO]*XPAO
bPHA_Ac*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[XPAO,PHA/XPAO]*XPAO
Max
*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,ANO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,ANO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,ANO+SAlk)]*XANO
bANO*XANO
qP,pre*SPO4*XMeOH
qP,red*XMeP*[SAlk/(KAlk,pre+SAlk)]
Composition Matrix
N P Charge TSS
0.03 0.01
-0.016
1 0.071
1 -0.071
1 -0.048
0.01 0
-1
1
0.02 0.01 0.75
0.04 0.01 0.75
0.07 0.02 0.9
0.07 0.02 0.9
1 -0.032 3.23
0.6
0.07 0.02 0.9
-1
1
0.206 1
Dissolved oxygen
Nitrate and nitrite (NO3 + NO2) (considered to be NO3 only for stoichiometry)
Alkalinity (HCO3-)
N content of SB
N content of SU
N content of XU
N content of XB
Standardised Value*
Parameter ** notation unit T=20°C
SS SB g COD.m-3 1
SI SU g COD.m-3 2
SO SO2 - g COD.m-3 3
XS XCB g COD.m-3 4
XI XU g COD.m-3 5
μH μOHO,Max d-1 2
KS KSB,OHO g SB.m-3 2
μA μANO,Max d-1 1
1
2
3
4
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
8
9
10
11
12
ASM3
Henze M., Gujer W., Mino T., Matsuo T., Wentzel M. C., M
Original publication London IWA.
SO SS SNH4 SNOX
-(1-fSI)*iN,SS-
Hydrolysis 1-fSI
fSI*iN,SI+iN,XS
-(1-YSTO,NOX)/
Anoxic storage of XSTO -1 iN,SS
(iNOx.N2)
-(1-
Aerobic growth of XH -iN,BM
YH,O2)/YH,O2
-(1-
Anoxic growth of XH (denitrification) -iN,BM YH,NOX)/YH,NO
X
*(1/iNOx.N2)
-(1-fXI)/
Anoxic endogenous respiration of XH -fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM
(iNOx.N2)
-(1-fXI)/
Anoxic endogenous respiration of XA -fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM
(iNOx.N2)
COD -1 1 iCOD_NOx
N iN,SS 1 1
Charge iCharge_NHx iCharge_NOx
TSS
Co
SO2 SB SNH4 SNOX
-(1-
1- fSU_XCB,hyd)*iN_SB-
Hydrolysis
fSU_XCB,hyd fSU_XCB,hyd*iN_SU+iN_
XCB
-(1-
Aerobic storage of XOHO,Stor -1 iN_SB
YSB_Stor,Ox)
-(1-
Anoxic storage of XOHO,Stor -1 iN_SB YSB_Stor,Ax)/
(iNOx,N2)
-(1-
Aerobic growth of XOHO YStor_OHO,Ox)/ -iN_XBio
YStor_OHO,Ox
-(1-
YStor_OHO,Ax)/Y
Anoxic growth of XOHO (denitrification) -iN_XBio
Stor_OHO,Ax
*(1/i
NOx,N2
)
-
Aerobic endogenous respiration of -(1- fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XB
XOHO fXU_Bio,lys)
io
-
-(1-fXU_Bio,lys)/
Anoxic endogenous respiration of XOHO fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XB
(iNOx,N2)
io
-(-iCOD_NOx-
Growth of XANO (Nitrification) -1/YANO-iN_XBio 1/YANO
YANO)/YANO
-
Aerobic endogenous respiration of -(1- fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XB
XANO fXU_Bio,lys)
io
-
-(1-fXU_Bio,lys)/
Anoxic endogenous respiration of XANO fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XB
(iNOx,N2)
io
COD -1 1 iCOD_NOx
N iN_SB 1 1
Charge iCharge_NHx iCharge_NOx
TSS
S_O2 S_S S_NH4 S_NOX
Hydrolysis 1 0.01
Aerobic storage of XSTO -0.15 -1 0.03
Anoxic storage of XSTO -1 0.03 -0.07
Aerobic growth of XH -0.59 -0.07
Component
Consumed component (every sta
Biomass involved
Other required
Inhibitory co
v1_NH4*iCharge_NHx fSI -1
v2_NH4*iCharge_NHx
(1-YSTO,NOX)/
v3_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v3_NOX*iCharge_NOx
(iNOx.N2)
v4_NH4*iCharge_NHx 1
(1-
YH,NOX)/YH,NO v5_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v5_NOX*iCharge_NOx 1
X
*(1/iNOx.N2)
v6_NH4*iCharge_NHx fXI -1
(1-fXI)/
v7_NOX*iCharge_NOx+v7_NH4*iCharge_NHx fXI -1
(iNOx.N2)
1/(iNOx.N2) v9_NOX*iCharge_NOx
v10_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v10_NOX*iCharge_NOx
v11_NH4*iCharge_NHx fXI
(1-fXI)/
v12_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v12_NOX*iCharge_NOx fXI
(iNOx.N2)
Composition Matrix
iCOD_N2 1 1 1 1
1 iN,SI iN,XI iN,XS iN,BM
-1
iSS,XI iSS,XS iSS,BM
v1_SNHx*iCharge_NHx fSU_XCB,hyd -1
v2_XNHx*iCharge_NHx
(1-
YSB_Stor,Ax)/ v3_XNHx*iCharge_NHx+v3_SNOx*iCharge_NOx
(iNOx,N2)
v4_SNHx*iCharge_NHx 1
(1-
YStor_OHO,Ax)/
v5_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v5_SNOx*iCharge_NOx 1
YStor_OHO,Ax*(
1/iNOx,N2)
v6_SNHx*iCharge_NHx fXU_Bio,lys -1
(1-fXU_Bio,lys)/
v7_SNOx*iCharge_NOx+v7_SNHx*iCharge_NHx fXU_Bio,lys -1
(iNOx,N2)
1/(iNOx,N2) v9_SNOx*iCharge_NOx
v10_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v10_SNOx*iCharge_NOx
v11_SNHx*iCharge_NHx fXU_Bio,lys
(1-fXU_Bio,lys)/
v12_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v12_SNOx*iCharge_NOx fXU_Bio,lys
(iNOx,N2)
Composition Matrix
iCOD_N2 1 1 1 1
1 iN_SU iN_XU iN_XCB iN_XBio
-1
iTSS_XU iTSS_XCB iTSS_XBio
Continuity ch
S_N2 S_ALK S_I X_I X_S X_H
0.00071 0 -1
0.00214
0.07 0.01
-0.01 1
0.30 0.02 1
0.00 0.20 -1
0.35 0.03
-0.60
0.00 0.20
on
XSTO XA XSS Pocess rate
-iSS,XS kH*(XS/XH)/(KX+XS/XH)*XH
kSTO*ηNOX*[KO2/(KO2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*[SS/
YSTO,NOX YSTO,NOX*iSS,STO
(KS+SS)]*XH
μH*[SO2/(KO2+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SALK/
-1/YH,O2 (-1/YH,O2)*iSS,STO+iSS,BM
(KALK_H+SALK)]*[(XSTO/XH)/(KSTO+XSTO/XH)]*XH
μH*ηNOX*[KO2/(KO2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*[SNH4/
-1/YH,NOX (-1/YH,NOX)*iSS,STO+iSS,BM (KNH4+SNH4)]*[SALK/(KALK+SALK)]*[(XSTO/XH)/
(KSTO+XSTO/XH)]*XH
-iSS,BM+fXI*iSS,XI bH,O2*[SO2/(KO2+SO2)]*XH
-iSS,BM+fXI*iSS,XI bH,NOX*[KO2/(KO2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*XH
-1 -iSS,STO bSTO,O2*[SO2/(K
-1 -iSS,STO bSTO,NOX*[KO2/(KO2+SO2)]*[
μA*[SO2/(KA,O2+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KA,NH4+SNH4)]*[SALK/
1 iSS,BM
(KA,ALK+SALK)]*XA
-1 -iSS,BM+fXI*iSS,XI bA,O2*[SO2/(KA,O2+SO2)]*XA
-1 -iSS,BM+fXI*iSS,XI bA,NOX*[KA,O2/(KA,O2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*XA
1 1
iN,BM
iSS,STO iSS,BM -1
ation
XOHO,Stor XANO XTSS Pocess rate
-iTSS_XCB qXCB_SB,hyd*(XCB/XOHO)/(KXCB,hyd+XCB/XOHO)*XOHO
qSB_Stor*nμOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOX/
YSB_Stor,Ax YSB_Stor,Ax*iTSS_XSto
(KNOx,OHO+SNOX)]*[SB/(KSB,OHO+SB)]*XOHO
(- μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNHx,OHO+SNH4)]*[SAlk/
- 1/YStor_OHO,Ox)*iTSS_XSto+iTSS_XB (KALK_H+SAlk)]*[(XOHO,Stor/XOHO)/
1/YStor_OHO,Ox
io (KStor_OHO+XOHO,Stor/XOHO)]*XOHO
μOHO,Max*nμOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOX/
(-
- (KNOx,OHO+SNOX)]*[SNH4/(KNHx,OHO+SNH4)]*[SAlk/
1/YStor_OHO,Ax)*iTSS_XSto+iTSS_XBi
1/YStor_OHO,Ax (KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*[(XOHO,Stor/XOHO)/
o
(KStor_OHO+XOHO,Stor/XOHO)]*XOHO
-iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU mOHO,Ox*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*XOHO
-iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU mOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOx,OHO+SNOX)]*XOH
-1 -iTSS_XSto mStor,Ox*[SO2/(KO2,OHO
mStor,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO
-1 -iTSS_XSto
(KNOx,OHO+SNOX
μANO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNHx,ANO+SNH4)]*[SAlk/
1 iTSS_XBio
(KAlk,ANO+SAlk)]*XANO
-1 -iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU mANO,Ox*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*XANO
-1 -iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU mANO,Ax*[KO2,ANO/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOx,OHO+SNOX)]*XANO
1 1
iN_XBio
iTSS_XSto iTSS_XBio -1
ntinuity check
Composition Matrix
COD N
S_O2 -1
S_S 1 0.03
S_NH4 1
S_NO3 -4.57 1
S_N2 -1.71 1
S_ALK
S_I 1 0.01
X_I 1 0.02
X_S 1 0.04
X_H 1 0.07
X_STO 1
X_AUT 1 0.07
X_TSS
X_STO X_A X_TSS
-0.75 0E+00 0E+00
0.85 0.51 0E+00 0E+00
0.80 0.48 0E+00 0E+00
-1.59 -0.05 0E+00 0E+00
*(XS/XH)/(KX+XS/XH)*XH
O
/(KO2+SO2)]*[SS/(KS+SS)]*XH
/(KO2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*[SS/
(KS+SS)]*XH
2
+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SALK/
K
)]*[(XSTO/XH)/(KSTO+XSTO/XH)]*XH
KO2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*[SNH4/
4
)]*[SALK/(KALK+SALK)]*[(XSTO/XH)/
(KSTO+XSTO/XH)]*XH
H,O2
*[SO2/(KO2+SO2)]*XH
(KO2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*XH
O,O2
*[SO2/(KO2+SO2)]*XSTO
(KO2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*XSTO
2
+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KA,NH4+SNH4)]*[SALK/
(KA,ALK+SALK)]*XA
,O2
*[SO2/(KA,O2+SO2)]*XA
(KA,O2+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOX+SNOX)]*XA
Pocess rate
CB/XOHO)/(KXCB,hyd+XCB/XOHO)*XOHO
O2,OHO
+SO2)]*[SB/(KSB,OHO+SB)]*XOHO
*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOX/
O,Ax
+SNOX)]*[SB/(KSB,OHO+SB)]*XOHO
,OHO
+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNHx,OHO+SNH4)]*[SAlk/
K_H
+SAlk)]*[(XOHO,Stor/XOHO)/
_OHO
+XOHO,Stor/XOHO)]*XOHO
*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOX/
O,Ax
NOX
)]*[SNH4/(KNHx,OHO+SNH4)]*[SAlk/
OHO
+SAlk)]*[(XOHO,Stor/XOHO)/
_OHO
+XOHO,Stor/XOHO)]*XOHO
Ox
*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*XOHO
O2,OHO
+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOx,OHO+SNOX)]*XOHO
*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*XOHO,Stor
[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOX/
KNOx,OHO+SNOX)]*XOHO,Stor
+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNHx,ANO+SNH4)]*[SAlk/
2,ANO
(KAlk,ANO+SAlk)]*XANO
Ox
*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*XANO
O2,ANO
+SO2)]*[SNOX/(KNOx,OHO+SNOX)]*XANO
omposition Matrix
Charge TSS
0.07
-0.07
-1
0.75
0.75
0.90
0.60
0.90
-1
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
Parameters
* Rieger L., Koch G., Kühni M., Gujer W. and Siegrist H. (2001) The eawag bio-P module for activated sludge mo
3903.
**The parameters and variables newly introduced in this study are named according to the standardised
2010) and thus may not be consistent with the original model notation.
Dissolved oxygen
Nitrate and nitrite (NO3 + NO2) (considered to be NO3 only for stoichiometry)
Alkalinity (HCO3-)
N content of XU
N content of XB
N content of biomass (XOHO, XPAO, XANO)
P content of SB
P content of SU
P content of XU
stoichiometry
P content of XB
Standardise Value*
Parameter ** unit
d notation T=20°C
SS SB g COD.m-3 1
SI SU g COD.m-3 2
SO SO2 - g COD.m-3 3
XS XCB g COD.m-3 4
XI XU g COD.m-3 5
XH XOHO g COD.m-3 10
XA XANO g COD.m-3 11
YPO4 YPP_PHA,PAO
gX PP.
g XPHA-1 or g XPO4.g SAc-1 0.35
Corrections
Components SO SS
Hydrolysis 1-fSI
-(-iCOD_NOx-
Growth of XAUT (Nitrification)
YAUT)/YAUT
Aerobic endogenous respiration of XAUT -(1-fXI)
Storage of XPHA -1
-(1-
Aerobic growth of XPAO
YPAO,O2)/YPAO,O2
Charge
TSS
Components SO2 SB
1-
Hydrolysis
fSU_XCB,hyd
-(1-
Aerobic growth of XOHO YStor_OHO,Ox)/YSto
r_OHO,Ox
-(-iCOD_NOx-
Growth of XANO (Nitrification)
YANO)/YANO
Storage of XPAO,PHA -1
-(1-
Aerobic growth of XPAO
YPAO,Ox)/YPAO,Ox
COD -1 1
N iN_SB
P iP_SB
Charge
TSS
S_O2 S_S
Hydrolysis 1
Aerobic storage of XSTO -0.20 -1
Anoxic storage of XSTO -1
Aerobic growth of XH -0.25
Anoxic growth of XH (denitrification)
Aerobic endogenous respiration of XH -0.80
Anoxic endogenous respiration of XH
Aerobic respiration of XSTO -1
Anoxic respiration of XSTO
Growth of XAUT (Nitrification) -18.05
Aerobic endogenous respiration of XAUT -0.80
Anoxic endogenous respiration of XAUT
Storage of XPHA -1
Aerobic storage of XPP -0.2
Anoxic storage of XPP
Aerobic growth of XPAO -0.67
Anoxic growth of XPAO
Aerobic endogenous respiration of XPAO -0.8
Anoxic endogenous respiration of XPAO
Aerobic decay of XPP
Anoxic decay of XPP
Aerobic respiration of XPHA -1
Anoxic respiration of XPHA
Consumed
S_O2 S_S
Hydrolysis
Aerobic storage of XSTO
Anoxic storage of XSTO
Aerobic growth of XH
Anoxic growth of XH (denitrification)
Aerobic endogenous respiration of XH
Anoxic endogenous respiration of XH
Aerobic resp. of XSTO
Anoxic resp. of XSTO
Growth of XAUT (Nitrification)
Aerobic endogenous respiration of XAUT
Anoxic endogenous respiration of XAUT
Storage of XPHA
Aerobic storage of XPP
Anoxic storage of XPP
Aerobic growth of XPAO
Anoxic growth of XPAO
Aerobic endogenous respiration of XPAO
Anoxic endogenous respiration of XPAO
Aerobic decay of XPP
Anoxic decay of XPP
Aerobic respiration of XPHA
Anoxic respiration of XPHA
* Missing kinetic terms that have not been corrected (please refer to the article)
ASM3 + BioP
Rieger L., Koch G., Kühni M., Gujer W. and Siegrist H. (2001) The eawag bio-P module for activated sludge model No.3. Wat.
Corrected
SNH4 SNO SN2 SPO4
-(1-fSI)*iN,SS- -(1-fSI)*iP,SS-
fSI*iN,SI+iN,XS fSI*iP,SI+iP,XS
iN,SS iP,SS
-(1-YSTO,NO)/ (1-YSTO,NO)/
iN,SS iP,SS
(iNOx,N2) (iNOx,N2)
-iN,BM -iP,BM
-(1- (1-
-iN,BM YH,NO)/YH,NO*(1/ YH,NO)/YH,NO*(1/ -iP,BM
iNOx,N2) iNOx,N2)
-fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM iP,BM-fXI*iP,XI
-1/(iNOx,N2) 1/(iNOx,N2)
iN,SS YPO4+iP,SS
-1
-YPHA/iNOx,N2 YPHA/iNOx,N2 -1
-iN,BM -iP,BM
-(1- (1-
-iN,BM YPAO,NO)/YPAO,N YPAO,NO)/YPAO,NO -iP,BM
O
*(1/iNOx,N2) *(1/iNOx,N2)
-fXI*iN,XI+iN,BM -fXI*iP,XI+iP,BM
-1/iNOx,N2 1/iNOx,N2
Composition Matrix
iCOD_NOx iCOD_N2
1 1 1
1
Corrected Ma
SNH4 SNOx SN2 SPO4
-(1-fSU_XCB,hyd)*iN_SB-
-(1-fSU_XCB,hyd)*iP_SB-
fSU_XCB,hyd*iN_SU+iN_X
fSU_XCB,hyd*iP_SU+iP_XCB
CB
iN_SB iP_SB
-(1-YSB_Stor,Ax)/ (1-YSB_Stor,Ax)/
iN_SB iP_SB
(iNOx,N2) (iNOx,N2)
-iN_XBio -iP_XBio
-(1- (1-
YStor_OHO,Ax)/YSto YStor_OHO,Ax)/YStor
-iN_XBio -iP_XBio
r_OHO,Ax
*(1/iNOx,N _OHO,Ax*(1/iNOx,N2
2
) )
-
iP_XBio-fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU
fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XBio
- -(1-fXU_Bio,lys)/ (1-fXU_Bio,lys)/
iP_XBio-fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU
fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XBio (iNOx,N2) (iNOx,N2)
-1/(iNOx,N2) 1/(iNOx,N2)
-
iP_XBio-fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU
fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XBio
- -(1-fXU_Bio,lys)/ (1-fXU_Bio,lys)/
iP_XBio-fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU
fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XBio (iNOx,N2) (iNOx,N2)
iN_SB YPP_PHA,PAO+iP_SB
-1
-
(1/YPHA_PP)/iNOx,
(1/YPHA_PP)/iNOx, -1
N2
N2
-iN_XBio -iP_XBio
-(1- (1-
-iN_XBio YPAO,Ax)/YPAO,Ax YPAO,Ax)/YPAO,Ax* -iP_XBio
*(1/iNOx,N2) (1/iNOx,N2)
-
-fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU+iP_XBio
fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XBio
- -(1- (1-
-fXU_Bio,lys*iP_XU+iP_XBio
fXU_Bio,lys*iN_XU+iN_XBio fXU_Bio,lys)/iNOx,N2 fXU_Bio,lys)/iNOx,N2
1
-1/iNOx,N2 1/iNOx,N2
Composition Matrix
iCOD_NOx iCOD_N2
1 1 1
1
C
S_NH4 S_NO S_N2 S_PO4
0.005 0.005
0.03 0.00
0.03 -0.11 0.11 0.00
-0.07 -0.01
-0.07 -0.19 0.19 -0.01
0.06 0.01
0.06 -0.28 0.28 0.01
-0.35 0.35
-4.24 4.17 -0.01
0.06 0.01
0.06 -0.28 0.28 0.01
0.03 0.35
-1
-0.07 0.07 -1
-0.07 -0.014
-0.07 -0.35 0.35 -0.014
0.064 0.012
0.064 -0.28 0.28 0.012
1
1
-0.35 0.35
Kinetic ch
Component Function
Consumed component (every state variable with a negative sign)
Biomass involved in the process
Other required component
Inhibitory component
m to be careful with
v1_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v1_PO4*iCharge_PO
fSI -1
4
v2_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v2_PO4*iCharge_PO
YSTO,O2
4
v3_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v3_NO*iCharge_NOx
YSTO,NO
+v3_PO4*iCharge_PO4
v4_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v4_PO4*iCharge_PO
1 -1/YH,O2
4
v5_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v5_NO*iCharge_NOx
1 -1/YH,NO
+v5_PO4*iCharge_PO4
v6_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v6_PO4*iCharge_PO
fXI -1
4
v7_NO*iCharge_NOx+v7_NH4*iCharge_NHx
fXI -1
+v7_PO4*iCharge_PO4
-1
-v9_NO*iCharge_NHx -1
v10_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v10_NO*iCharge_N
Ox
+v10_PO4*iCharge_PO4
v11_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v11_PO4*iCharge_P
fXI
O4
v12_NH4*iCharge_NHx+v12_NO*iCharge_N
fXI
Ox
+v12_PO4*iCharge_PO4
vP01_NH4*iCharge_NHx+vP01_PO4*iCharg
e_PO4
+vP01_PP*iCharge_XPAO,PP
vP02_PO4*iCharge_PO4+vP02_PP*iCharge_
XPAO,PP
vP03_NO*iCharge_NOx+vP03_PO4*iCharge
_PO4
+vP03_PP*iCharge_XPAO,PP
vP04_NH4*iCharge_NHx+vP04_PO4*iCharg
e_PO4
vP05_NH4*iCharge_NHx+vP05_NO*iCharge
_NOx
+vP05_PO4*iCharge_PO4
vP06_NH4*iCharge_NHx+vP06_PO4*iCharg
fXI
e_PO4
vP07_NH4*iCharge_NHx+vP07_NO*iCharge
fXI
_NOx
+vP07_PO4*iCharge_PO4
vP08_PO4*iCharge_PO4+vP08_PP*iCharge_
XPAO,PP
vP08_PO4*iCharge_PO4+vP08_PP*iCharge_
XPAO,PP
vP11_NO*iCharge_NOx
Composition Matrix
1 1 1 1 1
iN,SI iN,XI iN,XS iN,BM
iP,SI iP,XI iP,XS iP,BM
-1
v1_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v1_SPO4*iCharge_
fSU_XCB,hyd -1
PO4
v2_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v2_SPO4*iCharge_
YSB_Stor,Ox
PO4
v3_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v3_SNOx*iCharge_
YSB_Stor,Ax
NOx
+v3_SPO4*iCharge_PO4
v4_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v4_SPO4*iCharge_ -
1 1/YStor_OHO,Ox
PO4
v5_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v5_SNOx*iCharge_ -
1 1/YStor_OHO,Ax
NOx
+v5_SPO4*iCharge_PO4
v6_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v6_SPO4*iCharge_
fXU_Bio,lys -1
PO4
v7_SNOx*iCharge_NOx+v7_SNHx*iCharge_
fXU_Bio,lys -1
NHx
+v7_SPO4*iCharge_PO4
-1
v9_SNOx*iCharge_NOx -1
v10_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v10_SNOx*iCharg
e_NOx
+v10_SPO4*iCharge_PO4
v11_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v11_SPO4*iCharg
fXU_Bio,lys
e_PO4
v12_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v12_SNOx*iCharg
fXU_Bio,lys
e_NOx
+v12_SPO4*iCharge_PO4
vP01_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+vP01_SPO4*iCha
rge_PO4
+vP01_XPAO,PP*iCharge_XPAO,PP
vP02_SPO4*iCharge_PO4+vP02_XPAO,PP*i
Charge_XPAO,PP
vP03_SNOx*iCharge_NOx+vP03_SPO4*iCh
arge_PO4
+vP03_XPAO,PP*iCharge_XPAO,PP
vP04_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+vP04_SPO4*iCha
rge_PO4
vP05_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+vP05_SNOx*iCha
rge_NOx
+vP05_SPO4*iCharge_PO4
vP06_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+vP06_SPO4*iCha
fXU_Bio,lys
rge_PO4
vP07_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+vP07_SNOx*iCha
fXU_Bio,lys
rge_NOx
+vP07_SPO4*iCharge_PO4
vP08_SPO4*iCharge_PO4+vP08_XPAO,PP*i
Charge_XPAO,PP
vP08_SPO4*iCharge_PO4+vP08_XPAO,PP*i
Charge_XPAO,PP
vP11_SNOx*iCharge_NOx
Composition Matrix
1 1 1 1 1
iN_SU iN_XU iN_XCB iN_XBio
iP_SU iP_XU iP_XCB iP_XBio
-1
Continuity check
S_ALK S_I X_I X_S X_H X_STO
0.00012 0 -1
0.00214 0.80
0.01 0.70
0.00 1 -1.25
0.01 1 -1.54
0.00 0.20 -1
0.02 0.20 -1
-1
0.03 -1
-0.60
0.00 0.20
0.02 0.20
-0.0035
0.0161
0.0211
-0.0043
0.0207
0.0040 0.2
0.0240 0.2
-0.0161
-0.0161
0.0250
*
*
otation
XPAO XPP XPHA XAUT XTSS
-iTSS,XS
YSTO,O2*iTSS,XSTO k
YSTO,NO*iTSS,XSTO kSTO*ηNO,H*[KO
(- μH*[SO/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNH/(K
1/YH,O2)*iTSS,XSTO+iTSS,BM
(- μH*ηNO,H*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[
1/YH,NO)*iTSS,XSTO+iTSS,BM (KPO
-iTSS,BM+fXI*iTSS,XI
-iTSS,BM+fXI*iTSS,XI bH*ηNO
-iTSS,XSTO
-iTSS,XSTO
1 iTSS,BM μA*[SO/(KO,A+SO)]*[SN
-1 -iTSS,BM+fXI*iTSS,XI
-1 -iTSS,BM+fXI*iTSS,XI bA*η
qPP*[SO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PP+
1 -YPHA -YPHA*iTSS,XSTO+iTSS,XPP
(XPP/X
qPP*ηNO,PAO*[KO,PAO/(K
1 -YPHA -YPHA*iTSS,XSTO+iTSS,XPP
(KHCO,PAO+SHCO)]*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPH
-
μPAO*[SO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNH/(KNH
1 -1/YPAO,O2 (1/YPAO,O2)*iTSS,XSTO+iTSS
,BM
-
μPAO*ηNO,PAO*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]
1 -1/YPAO,NO (1/YPAO,NO)*iTSS,XSTO+iTS
(KHCO,PAO
S,BM
-1 -iTSS,BM+fXI*iTSS,XI
-1 -iTSS,BM+fXI*iTSS,XI bPAO*ηNO,end,P
-1 -iTSS,XPP bPP*[S
-1 -iTSS,XPP bPP*ηNO,lys,PP*[KO,PAO/(K
-1 -iTSS,XSTO
-1 -iTSS,XSTO bPHA*ηNO,resp,
1 1 1
iN,BM iN,BM
iP,BM 1 iP,BM
iCharge_XPAO,PP
d Notation
XPAO XPAO,PP XPAO,PHA XAUT XTSS
-iTSS_XCB qXCB_S
YSB_Stor,Ox*iTSS_XOHO,Stor qSB_Stor
YSB_Stor,Ax*iTSS_XOHO,Stor qSB_Stor*nμOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/
(-
μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OH
1/YStor_OHO,Ox)*iTSS_XOHO,
(KPO4,OHO+SPO
+i
Stor TSS_XBio
(-
μOHO,Max*nμOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(K
1/YStor_OHO,Ax)*iTSS_XOHO,S
(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*[SPO4/(KP
+i
tor TSS_XBio
-
iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU
-
mOHO*nmOHO,Ax*
iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU
-iTSS_XOHO,Stor
-iTSS_XOHO,Stor m
1 iTSS_XBio μANO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[S
-
-1 iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU
-
-1 bANO*ηNO,A*[K
iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU
iTSS_XOHO,Stor-
-YPP_PHA,PAO 1 qPAO,Ac_PHA*[SB/(KSB,PAO+SB)]*
iTSS_XPAO,PP*YPP_PHA,PAO
-
qPAO,PO4_PP*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO
1 -(1/YPHA_PP) (1/YPHA_PP)*iTSS_XOHO,Stor
(KfPHA_PAO+XPAO,PHA/XPAO)]*[(K
+iTSS_XPAO,PP
- qPAO,PO4_PP*nμPAO*[KO2,PAO/(K
1 -(1/YPHA_PP) (1/YPHA_PP)*iTSS_XOHO,Stor (KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(Kf
+iTSS_XPAO,PP
-
μPAO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+
1 -1/YPAO,Ox (1/YPAO,Ox)*iTSS_XOHO,Stor
(KAlk,PAO+SAlk
+iTSS_XBio
-
μPAO,Max*nμPAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO
1 -1/YPAO,Ax (1/YPAO,Ax)*iTSS_XOHO,Stor
(KPO4,PAO,nut+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(
+iTSS_XBio
-
-1 iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU
-
-1 mPAO*nmPAO*[
iTSS_XBio+fXU_Bio,lys*iTSS_XU
-1 -iTSS_XPAO,PP bPP_PO4*[
-1 -iTSS_XPAO,PP bPP_PO4*nbPP_PO4*[KO2,PAO/(K
-1 -iTSS_XOHO,Stor
-1 -iTSS_XOHO,Stor bPHA_Ac*nbPHA_Ac*
1 1 1
iN_XBio iN_XBio
iP_XBio 1 iP_XBio
iCharge_XPAO,PP
Comp
COD
S_O2 -1
S_S 1
S_NH4
S_NO3 -4.57
S_N2 -1.71
S_PO4
S_ALK
S_I 1
X_I 1
X_S 1
X_H 1
X_STO 1
X_PAO 1
X_PP
X_PHA 1
X_AUT 1
X_TSS
kH*[(XS/XH)/(KX+XS/XH)]*XH
kSTO*[SO/(KO,H+SO)]*[SS/(KSS,H+SS)]*XH
kSTO*ηNO,H*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,H+SNO)]*[SS/(KSS,H+SS)]*XH
μH*[SO/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNH/(KNH,H+SNH)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,H+SHCO)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,H+SPO4)]*[(XSTO/XH)/
(KSTO+XSTO/XH)]*XH
μH*ηNO,H*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,H+SNO)]*[SNH/(KNH,H+SNH)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,H+SHCO)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,H+SPO4)]*[(XSTO/XH)/(KSTO,H+XSTO/XH)]*XH
bH*[SO/(KO,H+SO)]*XH
bH*ηNO,end,H*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,H+SNO)]*XH
bSto*[SO/(KO,H+SO)]*XSTO
bSto*ηNO,end,H*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,H+SNO)]*XSTO
μA*[SO/(KO,A+SO)]*[SNH/(KNH,A+SNH)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,A+SHCO)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,A+SPO4)]*XA
bA*[SO/(KO,A+SO)]*XA
bA*ηNO,A*[KO,A/(KO,A+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,H+SNO)]*XA
qPHA*[SS/(KSS,PAO+SS)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,PAO+SHCO)]*[(XPP/XPAO)/(KPP,PAO+XPP/XPAO)]*XPAO
KO,PAO+SO)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PP+SPO4)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,PAO+SHCO)]*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPHA+XPHA/XPAO)]*[(Kmax,PAO-
(XPP/XPAO))/((KiPP,PAO+Kmax,PAO-(XPP/XPAO))]*XPAO
qPP*ηNO,PAO*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,PAO+SNO)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PP+SPO4)]*[SHCO/
+SHCO)]*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPHA+XPHA/XPAO)]*[(Kmax,PAO-(XPP/XPAO))/((KiPP,PAO+Kmax,PAO-(XPP/XPAO))]*XPAO
SO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNH/(KNH,PAO+SNH)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO+SPO4)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,PAO+SHCO)]*[(XPHA/XPAO)/
(KPHA+XPHA/XPAO)]*XPAO
O,PAO
*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,PAO+SNO)]*[SNH/(KNH,PAO+SNH)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO+SPO4)]*[SHCO/
(KHCO,PAO+SHCO)]*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPHA+XPHA/XPAO)]*XPAO
bPAO*[SO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*XPAO
bPAO*ηNO,end,PAO*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,PAO+SNO)]*XPAO
bPP*[SO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,PAO+SHCO)]*XPP
bPP*ηNO,lys,PP*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,PAO+SNO)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,PAO+SHCO)]*XPP
bPHA*[SO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*XPHA
bPHA*ηNO,resp,PHA*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,PAO+SNO)]*XPHA
Pocess rate
qXCB_SB,hyd*[(XCB/XOHO)/(KXCB,hyd+XCB/XOHO)]*XOHO
qSB_Stor*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SB/(KSB,OHO+SB)]*XOHO
qSB_Stor*nμOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SB/(KSB,OHO+SB)]*XOHO
μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNHX/(KNHx,OHO+SNHX)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[(XOHO,Stor/XOHO)/(KStor_OHO+XOHO,Stor/XOHO)]*XOHO
*nμOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SNHX/(KNHx,OHO+SNHX)]*[SAlk/
OHO,Max
(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[(XOHO,Stor/XOHO)/(KStor_OHO+XOHO,Stor/XOHO)]*XOHO
mOHO*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*XOHO
mOHO*nmOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*XOHO
mStor*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*XOHO,Stor
mStor*nmOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*XOHO,Stor
Max
*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[SNHX/(KNHx,ANO+SNHX)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,ANO+SAlk)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,ANO+SPO4)]*XANO
bANO*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*XANO
bANO*ηNO,A*[KO2,ANO/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*XANO
O,Ac_PHA
*[SB/(KSB,PAO+SB)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PP/XPAO)/(fPP_PAO,Max+XPAO,PP/XPAO)]*XPAO
*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/
PAO,PO4_PP
PHA_PAO
+XPAO,PHA/XPAO)]*[(KS,fPP_PAO-(XPAO,PP/XPAO))/((KI,fPP_PAO+KS,fPP_PAO-(XPAO,PP/XPAO))]*XPAO
AO,PO4_PP
*nμPAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*[SAlk/
+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+XPAO,PHA/XPAO)]*[(KS,fPP_PAO-(XPAO,PP/XPAO))/((KI,fPP_PAO+KS,fPP_PAO-
(XPAO,PP/XPAO))]*XPAO
μPAO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNHX/(KNHx,PAO+SNHX)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,nut+SPO4)]*[SAlk/
(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+XPAO,PHA/XPAO)]*XPAO
μPAO,Max*nμPAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SNHX/(KNHx,PAO+SNHX)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,PAO,nut+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+XPAO,PHA/XPAO)]*XPAO
mPAO*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*XPAO
mPAO*nmPAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*XPAO
bPP_PO4*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*XPAO,PP
bPP_PO4*nbPP_PO4*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*XPAO,PP
bPHA_Ac*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*XPAO,PHA
bPHA_Ac*nbPHA_Ac*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*XPAO,PHA
Composition Matrix
N P Charge TSS
0.03 0
1 0.0714
1 -0.0714
1
1 -0.0484
-1
0.01 0
0.03 0.01 0.75
0.035 0.005 0.75
0.07 0.014 0.9
0.6
0.07 0.014 0.9
1 -0.03226 3.23
0.6
0.07 0.014 0.9
-1
Dissolved oxygen
Nitrate and nitrite (NO3 + NO2) (considered to be NO3 only for stoichiometry)
Alkalinity (HCO3-)
Yield for XPAO,PP requirement (SPO4 release) per XPAO,PHA stored (SAc utilized) (Anoxic)
Yield for XPAO,PP requirement (SPO4 release) per XPAO,PHA stored (SAc utilized) (Anaerobic)
Yield for formation of XPAO,Gly (Anoxic)
N content of SF
N content of SU
N content of XU
N content of XB
P content of SF
P content of SU
P content of XU
P content of XB
Standardised Value*
Parameter** unit
notation T=20°C
SF SF g COD.m-3 1
SA SAc g COD.m-3 2
SI SU g COD.m-3 3
SO SO2 - g COD.m-3 4
XS XCB g COD.m-3 5
XI XU g COD.m-3 6
XH XOHO g COD.m-3 11
XA XANO g COD.m-3 12
μH μOHO,Max d-1 6
KF KSF,OHO g SF.m-3 4
SO2 SF SA
Fermentation -1 1
Lysis
Anaerobic Storage of SA -1
Anaerobic Maintenance
Anoxic storage of SA -1
Anoxic maintenance
Aerobic maintenance -1
Lysis
COD -1 1 1
N iN,SF
P iP,SF
Charge iCharge_Ac
TSS
SO2 SF SAc
Fermentation -1 1
Lysis
Anaerobic Maintenance
Anoxic maintenance
-(1-
Aerobic glycogen formation YPAO_Gly,Ox)/YPAO_
Gly,Ox
Aerobic maintenance -1
-(-iCOD_NOx-
Aerobic growth of XANO
YANO)/YANO
Lysis
COD -1 1 1
N iN_SF
P iP_SF
Charge iCharge_Ac
TSS
SO2 SF SA
Aerobic hydrolysis 1
Anoxic hydrolysis 1
Anaerobic hydrolysis 1
Aerobic growth of XH on SF -0.59 -1.59
Aerobic growth of XH on SA -0.59 -1.59
Anoxic growth of XH on SF -1.59
Anoxic growth of XH on SA -1.59
Fermentation -1 1
Lysis
Anaerobic Storage of SA -1
Anaerobic Maintenance
Anoxic storage of SA -1
Anoxic PHA consumption
Anoxic Storage of XPP
Anoxic glycogen formation
Anoxic maintenance
Aerobic PHA consumption -0.28
Aerobic Storage of XPP -0.23
Aerobic glycogen formation 0.10
Aerobic maintenance -1.00
Aerobic growth of XA -18.05
Lysis
Compone
Consumed component (every
Biomass invo
Other requ
Inhibitor
SO2 SF SA
Aerobic hydrolysis
Anoxic hydrolysis
Anaerobic hydrolysis
Aerobic growth of XH on SF
Aerobic growth of XH on SA
Anoxic growth of XH on SF
Anoxic growth of XH on SA
Fermentation
Lysis
Anaerobic Storage of SA
Anaerobic Maintenance
Anoxic storage of SA
Anoxic PHA consumption
Anoxic Storage of XPP
Anoxic glycogen formation
Anoxic maintenance
Aerobic PHA consumption
Aerobic Storage of XPP
Aerobic glycogen formation
Aerobic maintenance
Aerobic growth of XA
Lysis
* Missing kinetic terms that have not been corrected (please refer to the article)
ASM2d + TUD
. F. (2004). Theoretical and practical aspects of modelling activated sludge processes. Department of Biotechnological Enginee
Corrected M
SNH SNO SN2 SPO SI
iN,SF/YH-iN,BM iP,SF/YH-iP,BM
-iN,BM -iP,BM
iN,SF iP,SF
iN,BM-iN,XI*fXI,H-iN,XS*(1- iP,BM-iP,XI*fXI,H-iP,XS*(1-
fXI,H) fXI,H)
YPO,AN
-(1-
-iN,BM/YPHA,NO (1-1/YPHA,NO)/iNOx,N2 -iP,BM/YPHA,NO
1/YPHA,NO)/iNOx,N2
-iN,BM/YPHA,O -iP,BM/YPHA,O
iN,BM/YPP,O iP,BM/YPP,O-1
iN,BM/YGLY,O iP,BM/YGLY,O
iN,BM iP,BM
iN,BM-iN,XI*fXI,A-iN,XS*(1- iP,BM-iP,XI*fXI,A-iP,XS*(1-
fXI,A) fXI,A)
Composition Matrix
iCOD_NOx iCOD_N2 1
1 1 1 iN,SI
1 iP,SI
Corrected Mat
iN_SF/YOHO-iN_XBio iP_SF/YOHO-iP_XBio
-iN_XBio -iP_XBio
-(1-YOHO)/ (1-YOHO)/
iN_SF/YOHO-iN_XBio iP_SF/YOHO-iP_XBio
(iNOx,N2*YOHO) (iNOx,N2*YOHO)
-(1-YOHO)/ (1-YOHO)/
-iN_XBio -iP_XBio
(iNOx,N2*YOHO) (iNOx,N2*YOHO)
iN_SF iP_SF
iN_XBio-iN_XU*fXU_OHO,lys- iP_XBio-iP_XU*fXU_OHO,lys-
iN_XCB*(1-fXU_OHO,lys) iP_XCB*(1-fXU_OHO,lys)
YPP_PHA,PAO,Ax
-(1- (1-
YPP_PHA,PAO,An
YAc_PHA,PAO,An)/iNOx,N2 YAc_PHA,PAO,An)/iNOx,N2
-(1- (1-
-iN_XBio/YPHA_PAO,Ax -iP_XBio/YPHA_PAO,Ax
1/YPHA_PAO,Ax)/iNOx,N2 1/YPHA_PAO,Ax)/iNOx,N2
-
iN_XBio/YPAO_PP,Ax (1/YPAO_PP,Ax)/iNOx,N2 iP_XBio/YPAO_PP,Ax-1
(1/YPAO_PP,Ax)/iNOx,N2
-(1/YPAO_Gly,Ax- (1/YPAO_Gly,Ax-
iN_XBio/YPAO_Gly,Ax iP_XBio/YPAO_Gly,Ax
1)/iNOx,N2 1)/iNOx,N2
-iN_XBio/YPHA_PAO,Ox -iP_XBio/YPHA_PAO,Ox
iN_XBio/YPAO_PP,Ox iP_XBio/YPAO_PP,Ox-1
iN_XBio/YPAO_Gly,Ox iP_XBio/YPAO_Gly,Ox
iN_XBio iP_XBio
iN_XBio-iN_XU*fXU_ANO,lys- iP_XBio-iP_XU*fXU_ANO,lys-
iN_XCB*(1-fXU_ANO,lys) iP_XCB*(1-fXU_ANO,lys)
Composition Matrix
iCOD_NOx iCOD_N2 1
1 1 1 iN_SU
1 iP_SU
*
of Biotechnological Engineering. Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands: 218
v1_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v1_SPO*iCharge_PO4 -1
v2_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v2_SPO*iCharge_PO4 -1
v3_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v3_SPO*iCharge_PO4 -1
v4_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v4_SPO*iCharge_PO4 1
v5_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v5_SPO*iCharge_PO4
1
+v5_SA*iCharge_Ac
v6_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v6_SPO*iCharge_PO4
1
+v6_SNO*iCharge_NOx
v7_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v7_SPO*iCharge_PO4
1
+v7_SNO*iCharge_NOx+v7_SA*iCharge_Ac
v8_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v8_SPO*iCharge_PO4
+iCharge_Ac
iCharge_PO4-iCharge_XPAO,PP -1
v12_SPO*iCharge_PO4-
iCharge_Ac+v12_XPP*iCharge_XPAO,PP+v12_ -YPO,NO
*i
SNO Charge_NOx
v13_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v13_SPO*iCharge_PO
1/YPHA,NO
4
+v13_SNO*iCharge_NOx
v14_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v14_SPO*iCharge_PO
-1/YPP,NO 1
4
+v14_SNO*iCharge_NOx+iCharge_XPAO,PP
v15_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v15_SPO*iCharge_PO
-1/YGLY,NO
4
+v15_SNO*iCharge_NOx
v16_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v16_SPO*iCharge_PO
-1
4
+v16_SNO*iCharge_NOx
v17_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v17_SPO*iCharge_PO
1/YPHA,O
4
v18_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v18_SPO*iCharge_PO
-1/YPP,O 1
+i
4 Charge_XPAO,PP
v19_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v19_SPO*iCharge_PO
-1/YGLY,O
4
v20_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v20_SPO*iCharge_PO
-1
4
v21_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v21_SPO*iCharge_PO
4
+v21_SNO*iCharge_NOx
v22_SNH*iCharge_NHx+v22_SPO*iCharge_PO
fXI,A 1-fXI,A
4
on Matrix
1 1 1 1
iN,XI iN,XS iN,BM iN,BM
iP,XI iP,XS iP,BM iP,BM 1
-1 iCharge_XPAO,PP
v1_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v1_SPO4*iCharge_PO
-1
4
v1_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v1_SPO4*iCharge_PO
-1
4
v1_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v1_SPO4*iCharge_PO
-1
4
v4_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v4_SPO4*iCharge_PO
1
4
v5_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v5_SPO4*iCharge_PO
1
4
+v5_SA*iCharge_Ac
v6_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v6_SPO4*iCharge_PO
1
4
+v6_SNO*iCharge_NOx
v7_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v7_SPO4*iCharge_PO
4
+v7_SNOx*iCharge_NOx+v7_SAc*iCharge_A 1
c
v8_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v8_SPO4*iCharge_PO
+i
4 Charge_Ac
1-
v9_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v9_SPO4*iCharge_PO fXU_OHO,ly
fXU_OHO,ly -1
4 s
s
v10_SPO4*iCharge_PO4-
-YPP_PHA,PAO,Ax
iCharge_Ac+v10_XPAO,PP*iCharge_XPAO,PP
iCharge_PO4-iCharge_XPAO,PP -1
v12_SPO4*iCharge_PO4-
iCharge_Ac+v12_XPAO,PP*iCharge_XPAO,PP+ -YPP_PHA,PAO,An
v12_SNOx*iCharge_NOx
v13_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v13_SPO4*iCharge_P
1/YPHA_PAO,Ax
O4
+v13_SNOx*iCharge_NOx
v14_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v14_SPO4*iCharge_P
O4
+v14_SNOx*iCharge_NOx+iCharge_XPAO,P -1/YPAO_PP,Ax 1
P
v15_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v15_SPO4*iCharge_P
-1/YPAO_Gly,Ax
O4
+v15_SNOx*iCharge_NOx
v16_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v16_SPO4*iCharge_P
-1
O4
+v16_SNOx*iCharge_NOx
v17_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v17_SPO4*iCharge_P
1/YPHA_PAO,Ox
O4
v18_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v18_SPO4*iCharge_P
-1/YPAO_PP,Ox 1
+i
O4 Charge_XPAO,PP
v19_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v19_SPO4*iCharge_P
-1/YPAO_Gly,Ox
O4
v20_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v20_SPO4*iCharge_P
-1
O4
v21_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v21_SPO4*iCharge_P
O4
+v21_SNOx*iCharge_NOx
1-
v22_SNHx*iCharge_NHx+v22_SPO4*iCharge_P fXU_ANO,ly
fXU_ANO,ly
O4 s
s
on Matrix
1 1 1 1
iN_XU iN_XCB iN_XBio iN_XBio
iP_XU iP_XCB iP_XBio iP_XBio 1
-1 iCharge_XPAO,PP
Continuity check
SHCO Xi Xs XH XPAO ̂A XPP
0.000 -1
0.000 -1
0.000 -1
-0.001 1
0.021 1
0.013 1
0.035 1
-0.014
0.002 0.1 0.9 -1
0.010 -0.35
-0.016 -1
0.019 -0.23
0.008 0.58
0.026 -0.33 1
0.000 -0.85
0.029 -1
-0.003 0.72
0.017 -0.23 1
0.004 -0.90
0.004 -1
-0.599
0.002 0.1 0.9
Kinetic checking matrix
Consequence on the kinetic rate
Limitation monod function
proportional to the biomass concentration
Limitation monod function
Inhibitory monod function
*
XPHA XGLY XA XTSS Pocess rate
-iTSS,XS kh*[(XS/(XH+XPAO))/(KX+(XS/(XH+XPAO)]*[S
kh*ηNO,HYD*[KO,HYD/(KO,HYD+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,HYD+
-iTSS,XS
(XH+XPAO)]*(XH+X
kh*ηfe*[KO,HYD/(KO,HYD+SO)]*[KNO,HYD/(KNO,HYD+S
-iTSS,XS
(XH+XPAO)]*(XH+X
μH*[SO/(KO,H+SO)]*[SF/(KF+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SA)]*[SNH/
iTSS,BM
(KHCO,H+SHCO)]*X
μH*[SO/(KO,H+SO)]*[SA/(KAc+SA)]*[SA/(SF+SA)]*[SNH
iTSS,BM
(KHCO,H+SHCO)]*X
μH*ηNO,H*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,H+SNO)]*[SF/(KF+S
iTSS,BM
(KP,H+SPO)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,H+
μH*ηNO,H*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,H+SNO)]*[S
iTSS,BM
(KN,H+SNH)]*[SPO/(KP,H+SPO)]*[SHCO
qfe*[KO,H/(KO,H+SO)]*[KNO,H/(KNO,H+SNO)]*[SF/(K
iTSS,XI*fXI,H+iTSS,XS*(1-fXI,H)-
bH*XH
iTSS,BM
iTSS,PP*(-YPO,AN)
qAc*[SA/(KAc+SA)]*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[KNO,PAO/(KN
YSA,AN 1-YSA,AN +iTSS,PHA*YSA,AN+iTSS,GLY*(1
(KPP+XPP)]*XPAO
-YSA,AN)
-iTSS,PP mAN*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[
iTSS,PP*(-YPO,NO)
YSA,NO qAc,NO*[SA/(KAc+SA)]*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(K
+iTSS,PHA*YSA,NO
kPHA*ηNO,PAO*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNH/(KN,PAO+
-1 iTSS,BM/YPHA,NO-iTSS,PHA
(KP,PAO+SPO)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,PAO+SHCO)]*[(XPHA/X
kPP*ηNO,PAO*[XPAO/XPP]*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(gPP*K
-iTSS,BM/YPP,NO+iTSS,PP
(KPHA+XPHA)]*[(fpp,max-(XPP/XPAO))/(KfPP+
kGLY*ηNO,PAO*[XPHA/XGLY]*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(KN
1 -iTSS,BM/YGLY,NO+iTSS,GLY
(XGLY/XPAO))/(KfGLY+(fGLY,max-XGLY/XPAO))]*[S
-iTSS,BM mNO*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(K
kPHA*[SO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNH/(KN,PAO+SNH)]
-1 iTSS,BM/YPHA,O-iTSS,PHA
(KHCO,PAO+SHCO)]*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA
kPP*[XPAO/XPP]*[SO/(gPP*KO,PAO+SO)]*[SPO/(KP,PAO+
-iTSS,BM/YPP,O+iTSS,PP
(XPP/XPAO))/(KfPP+(fPP,max-XPP
kGLY*[XPHA/XGLY]*[SO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[XPHA/(KPHA+XPHA)]
1 -iTSS,BM/YGLY,O+iTSS,GLY
XGLY/XPAO))]*XPA
-iTSS,BM mO*[SO/(KO,PAO+SO)]
1 iTSS,BM μA*[SO/(KO,A+SO)]*[SNH/(KNH,A+SNH)]*[SPO/(KP,A
iTSS,XI*fXI,A+iTSS,XS*(1-fXI,A)-
-1 bA*XA
iTSS,BM
1 1 1
iN,BM
iP,BM
-iTSS_XCB qXCB_SB,hyd*[(XCB/(XOHO+XPAO))/(KXCB,hyd+(XCB/(XOHO+
qXCB_SB,hyd*nqhyd,Ax*[KO2,hyd/(KO2,hyd+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,hyd
-iTSS_XCB
(XCB/(XOHO+XPAO)]*(XO
qXCB_SB,hyd*nqhyd,An*[KO2,hyd/(KO2,hyd+SO2)]*[KNOx,hyd/(KNOx,h
-iTSS_XCB
(XCB/(XOHO+XPAO)]*(XO
μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(S
iTSS_XBio
(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OH
μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/(
iTSS_XBio
(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OH
μOHO,Max*nqOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNO
iTSS_XBio
(SF+SAc)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,OHO+
μOHO,Max*nqOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx
iTSS_XBio
(SF+SAc)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,OHO+
qSF_Ac,Max*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO/(KNOx
(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XO
iTSS_XU*fXU_OHO,lys+iTSS_XCB*(
mOHO*XOHO
1-fXU_OHO,lys)-iTSS_XBio
iTSS_XPAO,PP*(-YPP_PHA,PAO,Ax)
1-
YAc_PHA,PA +iTSS_XPAO,PHA*YAc_PHA,PAO,Ax qPAO,Ac_PHA,An*[SAc/(KAc,PAO+SAc)]*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO
YAc_PHA,PA
O,Ax
+iTSS_XPAO,Gly*(1- (KGly,PAO+XPAO,Gly)]*[XPAO,PP/(KPP,P
O,Ax
YAc_PHA,PAO,Ax)
-iTSS_XPAO,PP mPAO,An*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[KNOx,PAO
iTSS_XBio/YPHA_PAO,Ax- qPHA_PAO*nqPAO,Ax*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,PA
-1
iTSS_XPAO,PHA (KPO4,PAO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPA
- qPAO,PO4_PP*nqPAO,Ax*[XPAO/XPAO,PP]*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+S
iTSS_XBio/YPAO_PP,Ax+iTSS_XPAO (KPO4,PAO+SPO4)]*[XPAO,PHA/(KPHA,PAO+XPAO,PHA)]*[(fpp,max
,PP XPAO,PP/XPAO))]*XP
- qGly*nqPAO,Ax*[XPAO,PHA/XPAO,Gly]*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO
1 iTSS_XBio/YPAO_Gly,Ax+iTSS_XPA (KPHA,PAO+XPAO,PHA)]*[(fgly,max-(XPAO,Gly/XPAO))/(KfGly_P
O,Gly (KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*XP
-iTSS_XBio mPAO,Ax*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/
iTSS_XBio/YPHA_PAO,Ox- qPHA_PAO*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,PAO+SN
-1
iTSS_XPAO,PHA (KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PA
-
qPAO,PO4_PP*[XPAO/XPAO,PP]*[SO2/(nKO2*KO2,PAO+SO2)
iTSS_XBio/YPAO_PP,Ox+iTSS_XPA
(KPHA,PAO+XPAO,PHA)]*[(fpp,max-(XPAO,PP/XPAO))/(KI,fPP_P
O,PP
-
qGly*[XPAO,PHA/XPAO,Gly]*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[XPAO,PH
1 iTSS_XBio/YPAO_Gly,Ox+iTSS_XPA
(XPAO,Gly/XPAO))/(KfGly_PAO+(fGly_PAO,Max
O,Gly
-iTSS_XBio mPAO,Ox*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+S
μANO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,ANO+SN
1 iTSS_XBio
(KAlk,ANO+SAlk)]*XA
iTSS_XU*fXU_ANO,lys+iTSS_XCB*(
-1 bANO*XANO
1-fXU_ANO,lys)-iTSS_XBio
1 1 1
iN_XBio
iP_XBio
iTSS_XPAO,P iTSS_XPAO,Gl
iTSS_XBio -1
HA y
Composition Ma
COD N
SO2 -1
SF 1 0.03
SA 1
SNH 1
SNO -4.571429 1
SN2 -1.714286 1
SPO
SI 1 0.01
SHCO
Xi 1 0.03
Xs 1 0.03
XH 1 0.07
XPAO 1 0.07
XPP
XPHA 1
XGLY 1
XA 1 0.07
XTSS
XPHA XGLY XA XTSS
-0.75 0E+00 0E+00
-0.75 0E+00 0E+00
-0.75 0E+00 0E+00
0.9 0E+00 0E+00
0.9 0E+00 0E+00
0.9 0E+00 0E+00
0.9 0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
-0.15 0E+00 0E+00
1.5 -0.5 -0.65 0E+00 0E+00
-3.23 0E+00 0E+00
0.71 -0.32 0E+00 0E+00
-1 -0.08 0E+00 0E+00
2.93 0E+00 0E+00
1 0.08 0E+00 0E+00
-0.90 0E+00 0E+00
-1 0.05 0E+00 0E+00
3.03 0E+00 0E+00
1 0.03 0E+00 0E+00
-0.90 0E+00 0E+00
1 0.9 0E+00 -3E-16
-1 -0.15 0E+00 0E+00
XPHA XGLY XA XTSS
Pocess rate
XPAO))/(KX+(XS/(XH+XPAO)]*[SO/(KO,HYD+SO)]*(XH+XPAO)
/(KO,HYD+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,HYD+SNO)]*[(XS/(XH+XPAO))/(KX+(XS/
(XH+XPAO)]*(XH+XPAO)
,HYD
+SO)]*[KNO,HYD/(KNO,HYD+SNO)]*[(XS/(XH+XPAO))/(KX+(XS/
(XH+XPAO)]*(XH+XPAO)
/(KF+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SA)]*[SNH/(KN,H+SNH)]*[SPO/(KP,H+SPO)]*[SHCO/
(KHCO,H+SHCO)]*XH
(KAc+SA)]*[SA/(SF+SA)]*[SNH/(KN,H+SNH)]*[SPO/(KP,H+SPO)]*[SHCO/
(KHCO,H+SHCO)]*XH
[SNO/(KNO,H+SNO)]*[SF/(KF+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SA)]*[SNH/(KN,H+SNH)]*[SPO/
(KP,H+SPO)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,H+SHCO)]*XH
+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,H+SNO)]*[SA/(KAc+SA)]*[SA/(SF+SA)]*[SNH/
O,H
+SNH)]*[SPO/(KP,H+SPO)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,H+SHCO)]*XH
)]*[KNO,H/(KNO,H+SNO)]*[SF/(Kfe+SF)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,H+SHCO)]*XH
bH*XH
PAO
/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[KNO,PAO/(KNO,PAO+SNO)]*[XGLY/(KGLY+XGLY)]*[XPP/
(KPP+XPP)]*XPAO
KO,PAO+SO)]*[KNO,PAO/(KNO,PAO+SNO)]*[XPP/(KPP+XPP)]*XPAO
*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,PAO+SNO)]*[XPP/(KPP+XPP]*XPAO
O
/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNH/(KN,PAO+SNH)]*[SNO/(KNO,PAO+SNO)]*[SPO/
HCO
/(KHCO,PAO+SHCO)]*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA+(XPHA/XPAO))]*XPAO
O,PAO
/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(gPP*KNO,PAO+SNO)]*[SPO/(KP,PAO+SPO)]*[XPHA/
A
)]*[(fpp,max-(XPP/XPAO))/(KfPP+(fPP,max-XPP/XPAO))]*XPAO
KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,PAO+SNO)]*[XPHA/(KPHA+XPHA)]*[(fgly,max-
KfGLY+(fGLY,max-XGLY/XPAO))]*[SHCO/(KHCO,PAO+SHCO)]*XPAO
*[KO,PAO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*[SNO/(KNO,PAO+SNO)]*XPAO
,PAO
+SO)]*[SNH/(KN,PAO+SNH)]*[SPO/(KP,PAO+SPO)]*[SHCO/
AO
+SHCO)]*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA+(XPHA/XPAO))]*XPAO
gPP*KO,PAO+SO)]*[SPO/(KP,PAO+SPO)]*[XPHA/(KPHA+XPHA)]*[(fpp,max-
(XPP/XPAO))/(KfPP+(fPP,max-XPP/XPAO))]*XPAO
,PAO
+SO)]*[XPHA/(KPHA+XPHA)]*[(fGLY,max-(XGLY/XPAO))/(KfGLY+(fGLY,max-
XGLY/XPAO))]*XPAO
mO*[SO/(KO,PAO+SO)]*XPAO
*[SNH/(KNH,A+SNH)]*[SPO/(KP,A+SPO)]*[SHCO/(KHCO,A+SHCO)]*XH
bA*XA
Pocess rate
XPAO))/(KXCB,hyd+(XCB/(XOHO+XPAO)]*[SO2/(KO2,hyd+SO2)]*(XOHO+XPAO)
/(KO2,hyd+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,hyd+SNOx)]*[(XCB/(XOHO+XPAO))/(KXCB,hyd+
(XCB/(XOHO+XPAO)]*(XOHO+XPAO)
KO2,hyd+SO2)]*[KNOx,hyd/(KNOx,hyd+SNOx)]*[(XCB/(XOHO+XPAO))/(KXCB,hyd+
(XCB/(XOHO+XPAO)]*(XOHO+XPAO)
SO2)]*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SAc)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO
)]*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/(SF+SAc)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
O2
(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO
OHO
/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/
Hx,OHO
+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO
HO
/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/
Hx,OHO
+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,OHO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO
KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SF/(KSF,fe+SF)]*[SAlk/
(KAlk,OHO+SAlk)]*XOHO
mOHO*XOHO
O
+SAc)]*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[KNOx,PAO/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,Gly/
y,PAO
+XPAO,Gly)]*[XPAO,PP/(KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP)]*XPAO
O
+SO2)]*[KNOx,PAO/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PP/(KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP)]*XPAO
PAO
+SAc)]*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PP/
(KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP]*XPAO
/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/
(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+(XPAO,PHA/XPAO))]*XPAO
/XPAO,PP]*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(nKO2*KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/
O
A
/(KPHA,PAO+XPAO,PHA)]*[(fpp,max-(XPAO,PP/XPAO))/(KI,fPP_PAO+(fPP_PAO,Max-
XPAO,PP/XPAO))]*XPAO
XPAO,Gly]*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PHA/
fgly,max-(XPAO,Gly/XPAO))/(KfGly_PAO+(fGly_PAO,Max-XPAO,Gly/XPAO))]*[SAlk/
(KAlk,PAO+SAlk)]*XPAO
[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*XPAO
PAO
+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/
Alk
)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+(XPAO,PHA/XPAO))]*XPAO
AO,PP
]*[SO2/(nKO2*KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO+SPO4)]*[XPAO,PHA/
(fpp,max-(XPAO,PP/XPAO))/(KI,fPP_PAO+(fPP_PAO,Max-XPAO,PP/XPAO))]*XPAO
]*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[XPAO,PHA/(KPHA,PAO+XPAO,PHA)]*[(fGly_PAO,Max-
y
/XPAO))/(KfGly_PAO+(fGly_PAO,Max-XPAO,Gly/XPAO))]*XPAO
mPAO,Ox*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*XPAO
ANO
+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,ANO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,ANO+SPO4)]*[SAlk/
(KAlk,ANO+SAlk)]*XANO
bANO*XANO
Composition Matrix
P Charge TSS
0.01
-0.015625
0.07142857143
-0.0714285714
1 -0.0483870968
0
-1
0.01 0.75
0.01 0.75
0.02 0.9
0.02 0.9
1 -0.0322580645 3.23
0.6
0.84
0.02 0.9
-1
Dissolved oxygen
Yield for XPAO,PP requirement (SPO4 release) per XPAO,PHA stored (SAc utilized)
N content of SU
N content of XOHO
N content of products from XOHO
N content of XPAO
Stoichiometry
P content of XOHO
P content of XPAO
P content of XANO
Standardised Value*
Parameter ** notation unit T=20°C
SBSC SF g COD.m-3 1
SUS SU g COD.m-3 3
SO SO2 - g COD.m-3 4
ZE XU,E g COD.m-3 7
ZA XANO g COD.m-3 15
ZP XPAO g COD.m-3 16
1
2
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
j
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
Original publication Barker P.S. and Dold, P.L. (1997). General model for biologic
ZH ZA ZP ZE
Hydrolysis of organic N
Ammonification
Growth of ZA 1
Decay of ZA -1 fEP,A
COD 1 1 1 1
N fN,ZH fN,ZA fN,ZP fN,ZEH
P fP,ZH fP,ZA fP,ZP fP,ZEH
Hydrolysis of organic N
Ammonification
Growth of XANO 1
COD 1 1 1 1
N iN_OHO iN_ANO iN_PAO iN_XUE,OHO
P iP_OHO iP_ANO iP_PAO iP_XUE,OHO
ZH ZA ZP ZE
ZH ZA ZP ZE
Aerobic growth of ZH on SBSC with NH3
Anoxic growth of ZH on SBSC with NH3
Aerobic growth of ZH on SBSC with NO3
Anoxic growth of ZH on SBSC with NO3
Aerobic growth of ZH on SBSA with NH3
Anoxic growth of ZH on SBSA with NH3
Aerobic growth of ZH on SBSA with NO3
Anoxic growth of ZH on SBSA with NO3
Decay of ZH
Aerobic hydrolysis of SENM
Anoxic hydrolysis of SENM
Anaerobic hydrolysis of SENM
Hydrolysis of organic N
Ammonification
Fermentation of SBSC to SBSA
Growth of ZA
Decay of ZA
Aerobic growth of ZP on SPHB with NH3
Aerobic growth of ZP on SPHB with NO3
Aerobic growth of ZP on SPHB with NH3 / PO4
limited
Aerobic growth of ZP on SPHB with NO3 / PO4
limited
Anoxic growth of ZP on SPHB with NH3
Aerobic decay of ZP
PPP-LO lysis on aerobic decay
PPP-HI lysis on aerobic decay
SPHB lysis on aerobic decay
Anoxic decay of ZP
PPP-LO lysis on anoxic decay
PPP-HI lysis on anoxic decay
SPHB lysis on anoxic decay
Anaerobic decay of ZP
PPP-LO lysis on anaerobic decay
PPP-HI lysis on anaerobic decay
SPHB lysis on anaerobic decay
Cleavage of poly_P for anaerobic
maintenance
Sequestration of SCFA by ZP
New General
. General model for biological nutrient removal activated-sludge systems: model presentation, Wat. Env. Res., 69 (5), 969-984.
Corrected Matri
SU
SEMM SBSC SBSA SPHB SUS PPP,LO
P
-1/YH,AER
-1/YH,ANOX
-1/YH,AER
-
1/YH,ANOX+iCOD_
*f
NOx N,ZH
-1/YH,AER
-1/YH,ANOX
-1/YH,AER
-
1/YH,ANOX+iCOD_NOx
*fN,ZH
1-fEP,H
-1 1
-1 EANOX
-1 EANA
-1 (1-YH,ANA)*YAC
1-fEP,A
-1/YP fPP*fP,UPT1/YP
-1/YP fPP*fP,UPT1/YP
-1/YP -fP,ZP
-1/YP -fP,ZP
-1/YP fPP*fP,UPT2/YP
fES,P
-1
1 -1
fES,P
-1
1 -1
1-fEP,P
-1
1 -1
-1
-1 YPHB -fP,REL
Composition Matrix
1 1 1 1 1 1
Corrected Matrix: S
XU,
XCB SF SAc XPAO,PHA SU XPAO,PP,Lo
Inf
-1/YOHO,Ox
-1/YOHO,Ax
-1/YOHO,Ox
-
1/YOHO,Ax+iCOD_N
*i
Ox N_OHO
-1/YOHO,Ox
-1/YOHO,Ax
-1/YOHO,Ox
-
1/YOHO,Ax+iCOD_NOx
*iN_OHO
1-fXU_OHO,lys
-1 1
-1 Yhyd,Ax
-1 Yhyd,An
-1 (1-YOHO,An)*Yfe
1-fXU_ANO,lys
fPP,Lo_PP*YPHA_PP,Ox/
-1/YPAO
YPAO
fPP,Lo_PP*YPHA_PP,Ox/
-1/YPAO
YPAO
-1/YPAO -iP_PAO
-1/YPAO -iP_PAO
fPP,Lo_PP*YPHA_PP,Ax/
-1/YPAO
YPAO
fSU_PAO,lys
-1
1 -1
fSU_PAO,lys
-1
1 -1
1-fXU_PAO,lys
-1
1 -1
-1
YAc_PHA,PA
-1 -YPP_PHA,PAO
O
Composition Matrix
1 1 1 1 1 1
Contin
-1.50
-1.50
-1.50
-1.82
-1.50
-1.50
-1.50
-1.82
0.92
-1 1
-1 0.9
-1 0.6
-1 0.45
0.92
-1.56 1.40
-1.56 1.40
-1.56 -0.021
-1.56 -0.021
-1.56 0.81
0.2
-1
1 -1
0.2
-1
1 -1
0.75
-1
1 -1
-1
-1 0.889 -0.52
Kinetic ch
Component Function Consequence on the kinetic rate
ent (every state variable with a negative sign) Limitation monod function
mass involved in the process proportional to the biomass concentration
Other required component Limitation monod function
Inhibitory component Inhibitory monod function
SU
SEMM SBSC SBSA SPHB P SUS PPP-LO
at. Env. Res., 69 (5), 969-984.
-fP,ZH -fN,ZH
-(1-YH,ANOX)/
-fP,ZH -fN,ZH
(iNOx,N2*YH,ANOX)
-fP,ZH -fN,ZH
-fN,ZH-(1-
-fP,ZH YH,ANOX)/
(iNOx,N2*YH,ANOX)
-fP,ZH -fN,ZH
-(1-YH,ANOX)/
-fP,ZH -fN,ZH
(iNOx,N2*YH,ANOX)
-fP,ZH -fN,ZH
-fN,ZH-(1-
-fP,ZH YH,ANOX)/
(iNOx,N2*YH,ANOX)
fP,ZH-
fN,ZH-fEP,H*fN,ZEH
fEP,H*fP,ZEH
-1 1
-1 1
-fP,ZH*YH,ANA -fN,ZH*YH,ANA
fP,ZA-
fN,ZA-fEP,A*fN,ZEA
fEP,A*fP,ZEA
(1- -fP,UPT1/YP-
-fN,ZP
fPP)*fP,UPT1/YP fP,ZP
(1- -fP,UPT1/YP-
-fN,ZP
fPP)*fP,UPT1/YP fP,ZP
-fN,ZP
-fN,ZP
1
fP,REL
Matrix
iCOD_NOx
1 1 1 1 1
1 1
-iP_OHO -iN_OHO
-(1-YOHO,Ax)/
-iP_OHO -iN_OHO
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax)
-iP_OHO -iN_OHO
-iN_OHO-(1-
-iP_OHO YOHO,Ax)/
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax)
-iP_OHO -iN_OHO
-(1-YOHO,Ax)/
-iP_OHO -iN_OHO
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax)
-iP_OHO -iN_OHO
-iN_OHO-(1-
-iP_OHO YOHO,Ax)/
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax)
iP_OHO- iN_OHO-
fXU_OHO,lys*iP_X fXU_OHO,lys*iN_XUE,O
UE,OHO HO
-1 1
-1 1
-
-iN_OHO*YOHO,An
iP_OHO*YOHO,An
iP_ANO- iN_ANO-
fXU_ANO,lys*iP_X fXU_ANO,lys*iN_XUE,A
UE,ANO NO
(1- -
fPP,Lo_PP)*YPHA_P YPHA_PP,Ox/YP -iN_PAO
P,Ox
/YPAO -i
AO P_PAO
(1- -
fPP,Lo_PP)*YPHA_P YPHA_PP,Ox/YP -iN_PAO
P,Ox
/YPAO -i
AO P_PAO
-iN_PAO
-iN_PAO
(1- -
-(1-YPAO)/
fPP,Lo_PP)*YPHA_P YPHA_PP,Ax/YPA -iN_PAO
(iNOx,N2*YPAO)
P,Ax
/YPAO -i
O P_PAO
iP_PAO- iN_PAO-
fSU_PAO,lys*
fXU_PAO,lys*iP_X fXU_PAO,lys*iN_XUE,PAO-
iN_SU
UE,PAO
fSU_PAO,lys*iN_SU
1
-1 1
1
-1 1
iP_PAO- iN_PAO-
fSU_PAO,lys*
fXU_PAO,lys*iP_X fXU_PAO,lys*iN_XUE,PAO-
iN_SU
UE,PAO
fSU_PAO,lys*iN_SU
1
-1 1
1
YPP_PHA,PAO
Matrix
iCOD_NOx
1 1 1 1 1
1 1
Continuity check
-0.021 -0.07
-0.021 -0.18 -0.07
-0.021 -0.07
-0.021 -0.25
-0.021 -0.07
-0.021 -0.07
-0.021 -0.25
0.019 0.064
-1 1
-1 1
-0.0021 -0.007
-0.021 6.67 -6.74
0.01932 0.064
-0.07
-0.07
0.52
Kinetic checking matrix
he kinetic rate
d function
ass concentration
d function
function
NU
PPP-HI PO4 NBP NBS NO3 NH3 S
SO SN2 SH2 Pocess rate
μH*[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*[SBSC/(KS,H+SBSC)]*
-(1-YH,AER)/YH,AER
(KLP,GRO
(1-YH,ANOX)/ μH*ηGRO*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[SBSC/(KS,H+SBSC)
(iNOx,N2*YH,ANOX) (KNO+NO3)]*[NH3/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(K
-(1-YH,AER)/YH,AER- μH*[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*[SBSC/(KS,H+SBSC)]*[SBSC/(SBSC
iCOD_NOx*fN,ZH (KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,GRO+P
(1-YH,ANOX)/ μH*ηGRO*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[SBSC/(KS,H+SBSC)
(iNOx,N2*YH,ANOX) (KNO+NO3)]*[KNA/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(K
μH*[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*[SBSA/(KS,H+SBSA)]*
-(1-YH,AER)/YH,AER
(KLP,GRO
(1-YH,ANOX)/ μH*ηGRO*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[SBSA/(KS,H+SBSA)
(iNOx,N2*YH,ANOX) (KNO+NO3)]*[NH3/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(K
-(1-YH,AER)/YH,AER- μH*[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*[SBSA/(KS,H+SBSA)]*[SBSA/(SBSC
iCOD_NOx*fN,ZH (KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,GRO+P
(1-YH,ANOX)/ μH*ηGRO*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[SBSA/(KS,H+SBSA)
(iNOx,N2*YH,ANOX) (KNO+NO3)]*[KNA/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(K
bH*ZH
KH*[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*[(S
(1-EANOX)/iCOD_H2 KH*ηS,ANOX*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[NO3/(
(1-EANA)/iCOD_H2 KH*ηS,ANA*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[KNO/(K
(r10+r11+r
KR*NBS
(1-(1-YH,ANA)*YAC- KC*[SBSC/(KS,ANA+SBSC)]*[NH3/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO
YH,ANA)/iCOD_H2 (KO,HET+SO)]*[KNO/(KNO+NO
-(-iCOD_NOx-YA)/YA μA*[SO/(KO,AUT+SO)]*[NH3/(KNH+NH3)]*[PO
bA*ZA
μP1*[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*[(SPHB/ZP)/(KS,P1+(SPHB/Z
-(1-YP)/YP
(KLP,UPT+PO4)]*ZP
-(1-YP)/YP- μP1*[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*[(SPHB/ZP)/(KS,P1+(SPHB/Z
iCOD_NOx*fN,ZP (KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,UPT+P
μP2*[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*[(SPHB/ZP)/(KS,P2
-(1-YP)/YP
(KLP,UPT+PO4)]*[P
-(1-YP)/YP- μP2*[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*[(SPHB/ZP)/(KS,P2+(SPHB/Z
iCOD_NOx*fN,ZP (KNA+NH3)]*[KLP,UPT/(KLP,UPT+PO4)]*[PPP,
(1-YP)/ μP1*ηP*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[(SPHB/ZP)/(KS,P1+(SPH
(iNOx,N2*YP) (KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,UPT+P
-(1-fEP,P-fES,P) bP*[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*Z
bP*[SO/(KO,HET+
bP*[SO/(KO,HET+
bP*[SO/(KO,HET+
(1-fEP,P-
bP*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[NO3/(KN
fES,P)/iNOx,N2
bP*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[N
bP*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[N
bP*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[
bP*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[KNO/(KN
bP*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[K
bP*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[K
bP*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[
bPP*[KO,HET/(KO,HET+SO)]*[PPP,LO/(K
(1-YPHB)/iCOD_H2 KP*[SBSA/(KSSEQ+SBSA)]*[PPP,LO/(KX
-1 iCOD_N2 1
1
μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SF
-(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox
(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4
(1-YOHO,Ax)/ μOHO,Max*ημOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SF/(KSF,O
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax) (KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO
-(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox- μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SF/(KSF,OHO+S
iCOD_NOx*iN_OHO (KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[KNHx,OHO/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SP
(1-YOHO,Ax)/ μOHO,Max*ημOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SF/(KSF,O
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax) (KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[KNHx,OHO/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SP
μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SAc
-(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox
(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4
(1-YOHO,Ax)/ μOHO,Max*ημOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SAc/(KAc,O
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax) (KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4
-(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox- μOHO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SA
iCOD_NOx*iN_OHO (KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[KNHx,OHO/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SP
(1-YOHO,Ax)/ μOHO,Max*ημOHO,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SAc/(KAc,O
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax) (KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[KNHx,OHO/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SP
bOHO*XOHO
qXCB_SB,hyd*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[(XC
qXCB_SB,hyd*nqhyd,Ax*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+S
(1-Yhyd,Ax)/iCOD_H2
(KXCB,hyd+(XC
qXCB_SB,hyd*nqhyd,An*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2
(1-Yhyd,An)/iCOD_H2
(KXCB,hyd+(XC
(r10+r11+r12
qam*SB,N*(
(1-(1-YOHO,An)*Yfe- qSF_Ac,Max*[SF/(KSF,fe+SF)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[S
YOHO,An)/iCOD_H2 (KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO/(KNOx,OHO
-(-iCOD_NOx-
μANO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,ANO+SNHx)]
YANO)/YANO
bANO*XANO
μPAO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KS,PA
-(1-YPAO)/YPAO
(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,up
-(1-YPAO)/YPAO- μPAO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KS,PA
iCOD_NOx*iN_PAO (KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[KNHx,OHO/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SP
μPAO,Max,Plim*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2
-(1-YPAO)/YPAO (XPAO,PHA/XPAO))]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[
μPAO,Max,Plim*[SO2/(K(K +S+X
PP,PAO
-(1-YPAO)/YPAO- O2,OHO O2
(XPAO,PHA/XPAO))]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx
iCOD_NOx*iN_PAO
(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*[XPAO,PP,Lo
μPAO,Max*ηP*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[(XPAO
(1-YPAO)/
(XPAO,PHA/XPAO))]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SNH
(iNOx,N2*YPAO)
(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*XPA
-(1-fXU_PAO,lys-
mPAO*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*
fSU_PAO,lys)
mPAO*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+S
mPAO*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+S
mPAO*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+S
(1-fXU_PAO,lys-
mPAO*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KN
fSU_PAO,lys)/iNOx,N2
mPAO*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx
mPAO*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx
mPAO*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx
mPAO*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO/(K
mPAO*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO
mPAO*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO
mPAO*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO
bPP_PO4*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[XPAO,PP,Lo/(K
(1-
qPAO,Ac_PHA*[SAc/(KAc,PAO+SAc)]*[XPAO,PP,Lo/(K
YAc_PHA,PAO)/iCOD_H2
-1 iCOD_N2 1
1
Composition Matr
COD
ZH 1
ZA 1
ZP 1
ZE 1
SEMM 1
SBSC 1
SBSA 1
SPHB 1
SUP 1
SUS 1
PPP-LO
PPP-HI
PO4
NBP
NBS
NO3 -4.57
NH3
NUS
SO -1
SN2 -1.71
SH2 8
SO SN2 SH2
-0.50 0E+00
0.18 0E+00
-0.18 0E+00
0.18 0E+00
-0.50 0E+00
0.18 0E+00
-0.18 0E+00
0.18 0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0.0125 0E+00
0.05 0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0.05625 0E+00
-29.48 0E+00
0E+00
-0.56 0E+00
-0.24 0E+00
-0.56 0E+00
-0.24 0E+00
0.197730829421 0E+00
-0.55 0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0.1925 0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0.013875 0E+00
SO SN2 SH2
Pocess rate
(KS,H+SBSC)]*[SBSC/(SBSC+SBSA)]*[NH3/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/
(KLP,GRO+PO4)]*ZH
+SO)]*[SBSC/(KS,H+SBSC)]*[SBSC/(SBSC+SBSA)]*[NO3/
[NH3/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,GRO+PO4)]*ZH
KS,H+SBSC)]*[SBSC/(SBSC+SBSA)]*[NO3/(KNO+NO3)]*[KNA/
A
+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,GRO+PO4)]*ZH
+SO)]*[SBSC/(KS,H+SBSC)]*[SBSC/(SBSC+SBSA)]*[NO3/
[KNA/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,GRO+PO4)]*ZH
(KS,H+SBSA)]*[SBSA/(SBSC+SBSA)]*[NH3/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/
(KLP,GRO+PO4)]*ZH
+SO)]*[SBSA/(KS,H+SBSA)]*[SBSA/(SBSC+SBSA)]*[NO3/
[NH3/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,GRO+PO4)]*ZH
KS,H+SBSA)]*[SBSA/(SBSC+SBSA)]*[NO3/(KNO+NO3)]*[KNA/
A
+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,GRO+PO4)]*ZH
+SO)]*[SBSA/(KS,H+SBSA)]*[SBSA/(SBSC+SBSA)]*[NO3/
[KNA/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,GRO+PO4)*ZH
bH*ZH
HET
+SO)]*[(SENM/ZH)/(KX+(SENM/ZH))]*ZH
+SO)]*[NO3/(KNO+NO3)]*[(SENM/ZH)/(KX+(SENM/ZH))]*ZH
SO)]*[KNO/(KNO+NO3)]*[(SENM/ZH)/(KX+(SENM/ZH))]*ZH
(r10+r11+r12)*NBP/SENM
KR*NBS*(ZH+ZP)
C
)]*[NH3/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,GRO+PO4)]*[KO,HET/
O,HET
+SO)]*[KNO/(KNO+NO3)]*ZH
SO)]*[NH3/(KNH+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,GRO+PO4)]*ZA
bA*ZA
SPHB/ZP)/(KS,P1+(SPHB/ZP))]*[NH3/(KNA+NH3)]*[PO4/
(KLP,UPT+PO4)]*ZP
SPHB/ZP)/(KS,P1+(SPHB/ZP))]*[NO3/(KNO+NO3)]*[KNA/
A
+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,UPT+PO4)]*ZP
SPHB/ZP)/(KS,P2+(SPHB/ZP))]*[NH3/(KNA+NH3)]*[KLP,UPT/
PT
+PO4)]*[PPP,LO/(KXP+PPP,LO)]*ZP
SPHB/ZP)/(KS,P2+(SPHB/ZP))]*[NO3/(KNO+NO3)]*[KNA/
P,UPT
/(KLP,UPT+PO4)]*[PPP,LO/(KXP+PPP,LO)]*ZP
]*[(SPHB/ZP)/(KS,P1+(SPHB/ZP))]*[NO3/(KNO+NO3)]*[NH3/
A
+NH3)]*[PO4/(KLP,UPT+PO4)]*ZP
bP*[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*ZP
SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*[PPP,LO/ZP]*ZP
[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*[PPP,HI/ZP]*ZP
[SO/(KO,HET+SO)]*[SPHB/ZP]*ZP
ET
/(KO,HET+SO)]*[NO3/(KNO+NO3)]*ZP
,HET
+SO)]*[NO3/(KNO+NO3)]*[PPP,LO/ZP]*ZP
O,HET
+SO)]*[NO3/(KNO+NO3)]*[PPP,HI/ZP]*ZP
O,HET
+SO)]*[NO3/(KNO+NO3)]*[SPHB/ZP]*ZP
ET
/(KO,HET+SO)]*[KNO/(KNO+NO3)]*ZP
,HET
+SO)]*[KNO/(KNO+NO3)]*[PPP,LO/ZP]*ZP
O,HET
+SO)]*[KNO/(KNO+NO3)]*[PPP,HI/ZP]*ZP
O,HET
+SO)]*[KNO/(KNO+NO3)]*[SPHB/ZP]*ZP
/(KO,HET+SO)]*[PPP,LO/(KXP+PPP,LO)]*ZP
KSSEQ+SBSA)]*[PPP,LO/(KXP+PPP,LO)]*ZP
Pocess rate
+SO2)]*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SAc)]*[SNHx/
HO
+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SAc)]*[SNOx/
Hx
/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bionut+SPO4)]*XOHO
+SO2)]*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SAc)]*[SNOx/
O
OHO
/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SF+SAc)]*[SNOx/
OHO
/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
O
+SO2)]*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/(SF+SAc)]*[SNHx/
+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/(SF+SAc)]*[SNOx/
Hx
/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
+SO2)]*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/(SF+SAc)]*[SNOx/
OHO
/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/(SF+SAc)]*[SNOx/
OHO
/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)*XOHO
bOHO*XOHO
O
+SO2)]*[(XCB/XOHO)/(KXCB,hyd+(XCB/XOHO))]*XOHO
O
/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[(XCB/XOHO)/
KXCB,hyd+(XCB/XOHO))]*XOHO
KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[(XCB/XOHO)/
KXCB,hyd+(XCB/XOHO))]*XOHO
(r10+r11+r12)*XCB,N/XCB
qam*SB,N*(XOHO+XPAO)
SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*[KO2,OHO/
SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*XOHO
)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,ANO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XANO
bANO*XANO
)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KS,PAO,Max+(XPAO,PHA/XPAO))]*[SNHx/
+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*XPAO
)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KS,PAO,Max+(XPAO,PHA/XPAO))]*[SNOx/
OHO
/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*XPAO
KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KS,PAO,Max,Plim+
Hx,OHO
+SNHx)]*[KPO4,PAO,upt/(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*[XPAO,PP,Lo/
K(K +S+X
PP,PAO
O2,OHO O2 PAO,PP,Lo
)]*XPAO
)]*[(XPAO,PHA /XPAO)/(KS,PAO,Max,Plim+
NOx,OHO
+SNOx)]*[KNHx,OHO/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[KPO4,PAO,upt/
PO4
)]*[XPAO,PP,Lo/(KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP,Lo)]*XPAO
HO
/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KS,PAO,Max+
Ox
/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*XPAO
PAO
*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*XPAO
/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[XPAO,PP,Lo/XPAO]*XPAO
/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[XPAO,PP,Hi/XPAO]*XPAO
/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[XPAO,PHA/XPAO]*XPAO
2
KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*XPAO
+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PP,Lo/XPAO]*XPAO
+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PP,Hi/XPAO]*XPAO
+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PHA/XPAO]*XPAO
O2,OHO
+SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*XPAO
O2
)]*[KNOx,OHO/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PP,Lo/XPAO]*XPAO
SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PP,Hi/XPAO]*XPAO
SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PHA/XPAO]*XPAO
2,OHO
+SO2)]*[XPAO,PP,Lo/(KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP,Lo)]*XPAO
c,PAO
+SAc)]*[XPAO,PP,Lo/(KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP,Lo)]*XPAO
Composition Matrix
N P
0.07 0.021
0.07 0.021
0.07 0.021
0.07 0.021
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
Parameters
* Hu, Z. R., M. C. Wentzel, et al. (2007). A general kinetic model for biological nutrient removal activated sludge
Biotechnology and Bioengineering 98(6): 1242-1258.
**The parameters and variables newly introduced in this study are named according to the standardise
et al., 2010) and thus may not be consistent with the original model notation.
Dissolved oxygen
Nitrate and nitrite (NO3 + NO2) (considered to be NO3 only for stoichiometry)
State V Inorganic soluble phosphorus
Yield for XPAO,PP storage (SPO4 uptake) per XPAO,PHA utilized (Aerobic)
Yield for XPAO,PP storage (SPO4 uptake) per XPAO,PHA utilized (Anoxic)
Yield for XPAO,PP requirement (SPO4 release) per XPAO,PHA stored (SAc utilized)
N content of SU
N content of XU
N content of XB
N content of biomass (XOHO, XPAO, XANO)
P content of SU
P content of XU
P content of XB
Value
*
Standardise T=20°
Parameter** d notation unit C
SF SF g COD.m-3 1
SA SAc g COD.m-3 2
SI SU g COD.m-3 3
XI XU,Inf g COD.m-3 7
XE XU,E g COD.m-3 8
XH XOHO g COD.m-3 12
YPO4 YPP_PHA,PAO -1
g XPP.g XPHA-1 or g XPO4.g SAc0.5 24
ηH nμOHO,Ax - 0 - 0,6 3
KF KSF,OHO g SF.m-3 5 7
KA KAc,OHO g SAc.m-3 5 8
j
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Original publication Hu, Z. R., M. C. Wentzel, et al.
Corrections
SO2 SA
-
Anoxic growth of XH on SA with SNO3 1/YH2+iCOD_NO
*i
x NBM
Adsorption of XENM
heterotrophic decay
Conversion of SF to SA 1
decay of XNIT
-(1-YPAO1)/YPAO1-
Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNO3 / SPO4 limited
iCOD_NOx*iNBM
COD -1 1
N
P
SO2 SAc
-(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox-
Aerobic growth of XOHO on SAx with SNOx -1/YOHO,Ox
iCOD_NOx*iN_XBio
-
Anoxic growth of XOHO on SAc with SNOx 1/YOHO,Ax+iCO
*i
D_NOx N_XBio
Aerobic growth of XOHO on SF with SNHx -(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox
-(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox-
Aerobic growth of XOHO on SF with SNOx
iCOD_NOx*iN_XBio
-(1-YOHO,Ox)/YOHO,Ox-
Aerobic growth of XOHO on XAds with SNOx
iCOD_NOx*iN_XBio
Adsorption of XCB
heterotrophic decay
Conversion of SF to Sac 1
decay of XANO
SO2 SA
Aerobic growth of XH on SA with SNH4 -0.50 -1.50
Aerobic growth of XH on SA with SNO3 -0.19 -1.50
Anoxic growth of XH on SA with SNH4 -1.85
Anoxic growth of XH on SA with SNO3 -2.16
Aerobic growth of XH on SF with SNH4 -0.50
Aerobic growth of XH on SF with SNO3 -0.19
Anoxic growth of XH on SF with SNH4
Anoxic growth of XH on SF with SNO3
Aerobic growth of XH on XADS with SNH4 -0.50
Aerobic growth of XH on XADS with SNO3 -0.19
Anoxic growth of XH on XADS with SNH4
Anoxic growth of XH on XADS with SNO3
Adsorption of XENM
heterotrophic decay
Conversion of SF to SA 1
growth of XNIT -29.48
decay of XNIT
Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNH4 -0.50
Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNO3 -0.19
Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNH4 / SPO4 limited -0.50
Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNO3 / SPO4 limited -0.19
Anoxic growth of XPAO on SPHA with SNH4
Anoxic growth of XPAO on SPHA with SN03
Aerobic decay of XPAO -0.55
XPP lysis on aerobic decay
XPHA lysis on aerobic decay
Anoxic decay of XPAO
XPP lysis on anoxic decay
XPHA lysis on anoxic decay
Anaerobic decay of XPAO
XPP lysis on anaerobic decay
XPHA lysis on anaerobic decay
Cleavage of polYpao for anoxic maintenance
Cleavage of polYpao for anaerobic maintenance
Sequestration of SA by XPAO -1
SO2 SA
Aerobic growth of XH on SA with SNH4
Aerobic growth of XH on SA with SNO3
Anoxic growth of XH on SA with SNH4
Anoxic growth of XH on SA with SNO3
Aerobic growth of XH on SF with SNH4
Aerobic growth of XH on SF with SNO3
Anoxic growth of XH on SF with SNH4
Anoxic growth of XH on SF with SNO3
Aerobic growth of XH on XADS with SNH4
Aerobic growth of XH on XADS with SNO3
Anoxic growth of XH on XADS with SNH4
Anoxic growth of XH on XADS with SNO3
Adsorption of XENM
heterotrophic decay
Conversion of SF to SA
growth of XNIT
decay of XNIT
Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNH4
Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNO3
Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNH4 / SPO4 limited
Aerobic growth of XPAO on XPHA with SNO3 / SPO4 limited
Anoxic growth of XPAO on SPHA with SNH4
Anoxic growth of XPAO on SPHA with SN03
Aerobic decay of XPAO
XPP lysis on aerobic decay
XPHA lysis on aerobic decay
Anoxic decay of XPAO
XPP lysis on anoxic decay
XPHA lysis on anoxic decay
Anaerobic decay of XPAO
XPP lysis on anaerobic decay
XPHA lysis on anaerobic decay
Cleavage of polYpao for anoxic maintenance
Cleavage of polYpao for anaerobic maintenance
Sequestration of SA by XPAO
UCTPHO+
, Z. R., M. C. Wentzel, et al. (2007). A general kinetic model for biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems: Model de
Corrected Matri
-iNBM -iPBM
-iNBM -iPBM
-iNBM-(1-YH2)/
-iPBM
(iNOx,N2*YH2)
-
-iNBM-(1-YH2)/
1/YH2+iCOD_NO iNSF/YH2-iCOD_NOx*iNBM*iNSF -iPBM+iPSF/YH2-iCOD_NOx*iNBM*iPSF
(iNOx,N2*YH2)
*i
x NBM
-iNBM+iNENM/YH1 -iPBM+iPENM/YH1
-iNBM-(1-YH2)/ -iPBM+iPENM/YH2-
iNENM/YH2-iCOD_NOx*iNBM*iNENM
(iNOx,N2*YH2) iCOD_NOx*iNBM*iPENM
iNBM-(1-fXE,H)*iNBM-fXE,H*iNXE iPBM-fXE,H*iPXE-(1-fXE,H)*iPENM
-1 iNSF iPSF
iNBM-(1-fXE,NIT)*iNENM-fXE,NIT*iNXE iPBM-fXE,NIT*iPXE-(1-fXE,NIT)*iPENM
-iNBM -YPP1/YPAO1-iPBM
-iNBM -YPP1/YPAO1-iPBM
-iNBM
-iNBM
-(1-YPAO2)/
-iNBM -YPP2/YPAO2-iPBM
(iNOx,N2*YPAO2)
-(1-YPAO2)/
-YPP2/YPAO2-iPBM
(iNOx,N2*YPAO2)-iNBM
iNBM-fXE,PAO*iNXE-fSI,PAO*iNSI iPBM-fXE,PAO*iPXE-fSI,PAO*iPSI
1
-iNENM -iPENM
1
-iNENM -iPENM
iNBM-fXE,PAO*iNXE-fSI,PAO*iNSI- iPBM-fXE,PAO*iPXE-fSI,PAO*iPSI-(1-
iNENM*(1-fXE,PAO-fSI,PAO) fXE,PAO-fSI,PAO)*iPENM
1
-iNENM -iPENM
1
1
YPO4
Composition Matrix
1 iCOD_NOx
iNSF 1 1
iPSF 1
Corrected Matrix:
-iN_XBio -iP_XBio
-iN_XBio -iP_XBio
-(1-YOHO,Ax)/
-iN_XBio -iP_XBio
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax)
-iN_XBio-(1-YOHO,Ax)/
-iP_XBio
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax)
-1/YOHO,Ox -iN_XBio+iN_SF/YOHO,Ox -iP_XBio+iP_SF/YOHO,Ox
-(1-YOHO,Ax)/
-1/YOHO,Ax -iN_XBio+iN_SF/YOHO,Ax -iP_XBio+iP_SF/YOHO,Ax
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax)
-
-iN_XBio-(1-YOHO,Ax)/ -iP_XBio+iP_SF/YOHO,Ax-
1/YOHO,Ax+iCO iN_SF/YOHO,Ax-iCOD_NOx*iN_XBio*iN_SF
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax) iCOD_NOx*iN_XBio*iP_SF
*i
D_NOx N_XBio
-iN_XBio+iN_XCB/YOHO,Ox -iP_XBio+iP_XCB/YOHO,Ox
-(1-YOHO,Ax)/
-iN_XBio+iN_XCB/YOHO,Ax -iP_XBio+iP_XCB*YOHO,Ax
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax)
iN_XBio-(1-fXU_OHO,lys)*iN_XBio- iP_XBio-fXU_OHO,lys*iP_XUE-(1-
fXU_OHO,lys*iN_XUE fXU_OHO,lys)*iP_XCB
-1 iN_SF iP_SF
iN_XBio-(1-fXU_ANO,lys)*iN_XCB- iP_XBio-fXU_ANO,lys*iP_XUE-(1-
fXU_ANO,lys*iN_XUE fXU_ANO,lys)*iP_XCB
-iN_XBio -YPHA_PP,Ox/YPAO,Ox-iP_XBio
-iN_XBio -YPHA_PP,Ox/YPAO,Ox-iP_XBio
-iN_XBio
-iN_XBio
-(1-YPAO,Ax)/
-iN_XBio -YPHA_PP,Ax/YPAO,Ax-iP_XBio
(iNOx,N2*YPAO,Ax)
-(1-YPAO,Ax)/
-YPHA_PP,Ax/YPAO,Ax-iP_XBio
(iNOx,N2*YPAO,Ax)-iN_XBio
iN_XBio-fXU_PAO,lys*iN_XUE- iP_XBio-fXU_PAO,lys*iP_XUE-
fSU_PAO,lys*iN_SU fSU_PAO,lys*iP_SU
1
-iN_XCB -iP_XCB
iN_XBio-fXU_PAO,lys*iN_XUE- iP_XBio-fXU_PAO,lys*iP_XUE-
-ημPAO*(1-fXU_PAO,lys-
fSU_PAO,lys*iN_SU-iN_XCB*(1- fSU_PAO,lys*iP_SU-(1-ημPAO)*(1-
fSU_PAO,lys)/iNOx,N2
ημPAO)*(1-fXU_PAO,lys-fSU_PAO,lys) fXU_PAO,lys-fSU_PAO,lys)*iP_XCB
1
-iN_XCB -iP_XCB
iN_XBio-fXU_PAO,lys*iN_XUE- iP_XBio-fXU_PAO,lys*iP_XUE-
fSU_PAO,lys*iN_SU-iN_XCB*(1- fSU_PAO,lys*iP_SU-(1-fXU_PAO,lys-
fXU_PAO,lys-fSU_PAO,lys) fSU_PAO,lys)*iP_XCB
1
-iN_XCB -iP_XCB
1
1
YPP_PHA,PAO
Composition Matrix
1 iCOD_NOx
iN_SF 1 1
iP_SF 1
0.01656 0.02
-1 0.011 0
-6.73 6.67 -0.021
0.02 0.01932
-0.068 -1.15
-0.068 -1.15
-0.068
-0.068
-0.068 -0.30 -1.15
-0.37 -1.15
0.044 0.02
1
-0.05 0
0.026125 -0.067375 0.01575
1
-0.05 0
0.0165 0.01575
1
-0.05 0
1
1
0.5
Kinetic ch
Component Function
Consumed component (every state variable with a negative sign)
Biomass involved in the process
Other required component
Inhibitory component
th
-1/YH1 1
-1/YH1 1
-1/YH2 1
-
1/YH2+iCOD_NOx*i 1
NBM
1 -1
fXE,H 1-fXE,H -1
fXE,NIT 1-fXE,NIT
1 YPP1/YPAO1
1 YPP1/YPAO1
1 -iPBM
1 -iPBM
1 YPP2/YPAO2
1 YPP2/YPAO2
fSI,PAO fXE,PAO -1
-1
1
(1-ηPAO)*(1-
fSI,PAO fXE,PAO -1
fXE,PAO-fSI,PAO)
-1
1
-1
1
-1
-1
-YPO4
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1
1
-1/YOHO,Ox 1
-1/YOHO,Ox 1
-1/YOHO,Ax 1
-
1/YOHO,Ax+iCOD_N 1
*i
Ox N_XBio
1 -1
fXU_OHO,lys 1-fXU_OHO,lys -1
fXU_ANO,lys 1-fXU_ANO,lys
1 YPHA_PP,Ox/YPAO,Ox
1 YPHA_PP,Ox/YPAO,Ox
1 -iP_XBio
1 -iP_XBio
1 YPHA_PP,Ax/YPAO,Ax
1 YPHA_PP,Ax/YPAO,Ax
fSU_PAO,lys fXU_PAO,lys -1
-1
1
(1-ημPAO)*(1-
fSU_PAO,lys fXU_PAO,lys fXU_PAO,lys- -1
fSU_PAO,lys)
-1
1
1-fXU_PAO,lys-
fSU_PAO,lys fXU_PAO,lys -1
fSU_PAO,lys
-1
1
-1
-1
-YPP_PHA,PAO
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
iN_XBi iN_XBi
iN_SU iN_XUE iN_XU iN_XCB iN_XCB
o o
iP_XBi iP_XBi
iP_SU iP_XUE iP_XU iP_XCB iP_XCB 1
o o
Continuity check
-1.50 1
-1.50 1
-1.85 1
-2.16 1
1 -1.00
0.08 0.92 -1
0.08 0.92
1 1.13
1 1.13
1 -0.021
1 -0.021
1 1.13
1 1.13
0.2 0.25 -1
-1
1
0.2 0.25 0.3575 -1
-1
1
0.2 0.25 0.55 -1
-1
1
-1
-1
-0.5
μH*[SA/(KA+SA)]*[SA/(SA+SF+XADS)]*[SO2/(KOH
μH*[SA/(KA+SA)]*[SA/(SA+SF+XADS)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH
(KNO3+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*X
μH*[SA/(KA+SA)]*[SA/(SA+SF+XADS)]
(1-YH2)/(iNOx,N2*YH2)
(KNO3+SNO3)]*[S
μH*[SA/(KA+SA)]*[SA/(SA+SF+XADS)]*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH
(1-YH2)/(iNOx,N2*YH2)
(KNO3+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*X
μH*[SF/(KF+SF)]*[SF/(SA+SF+XADS)]*[SO2/(KOH
μH*[SF/(KF+SF)]*[SF/(SA+SF+XADS)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH
(KNO3+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*X
μH*[SF/(KF+SF)]*[SF/(SA+SF+XADS)]
(1-YH2)/(iNOx,N2*YH2)
(KNO3+SNO3)]*[S
μH*[SF/(KF+SF)]*[SF/(SA+SF+XADS)]*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH
(1-YH2)/(iNOx,N2*YH2)
(KNO3+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*X
KMP*[(XADS/XH)/(KSP+(XADS/XH))]*[XADS/(SA+S
(KPO4,gro
KMP*[(XADS/XH)/(KSP+(XADS/XH))]*[XADS/(SA+SF+XADS)]*[SO2/(KOH+S
(KNO3+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*X
ηH*KMP*[(XADS/XH)/(KSP+(XADS/XH))]*
(1-YH2)/(iNOx,N2*YH2)
(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/(KNO3
ηH*KMP*[(XADS/XH)/(KSP+(XADS/XH))]*[XADS/(SA+SF+XADS)]*[
(1-YH2)/(iNOx,N2*YH2)
(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+
KADS*XENM
bH*XH
KFE*SF*[KOH/(KOH+S
1 μNIT*[SO2/(KON+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KPO4
-1 bNIT*XNIT
μPAO1*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPHA1+(XHA/XPAO
-1/YPAO1
(KPO4,up
μPAO1*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPHA1+(XHA/XPAO)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[KN
-1/YPAO1
(KNO3+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,up+SPO4)]*XPA
μPAO2*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPHA2+(XHA/XPAO)]*[
-1/YPAO1
(KPO4,up+SPO4)]*
μPAO2*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPHA2+(XHA/XPAO)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[KN
-1/YPAO1
(KNO3+SNO3)]*[KPO4,up/(KPO4,up+SPO4)]*[XPP/(KPP+
(1-YPAO2)/ ηPAO*μPAO1*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPHA1+(XHA/XPAO)]*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[
-1/YPAO2
(iNOx,N2*YPAO2) (KNO3+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,up+SPO4)]*XPA
-
(1-YPAO2)/ ηPAO*μPAO1*[(XPHA/XPAO)/(KPHA1+(XHA/XPAO)]*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[
1/YPAO2+iCOD_N
(iNOx,N2*YPAO2) (KNO3+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,up+SPO4)]*XPA
*i
Ox NBM
bPAO*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*XPAO
bPAO*[SO2/(KOH
-1 bPAO*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+S
ηPAO*(1-fXE,PAO-
bPAO*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*
fSI,PAO)/iNOx,N2
bPAO*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[S
bPAO*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNO3/(K
-1
(KPO4,lys+SPO4
bPAO*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*
bPAO*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[K
bPAO*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNO3/(K
-1
(KPO4,lys+SPO4
bPP*(1-ηPAO)*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[S
bPP*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNO3
1 qPHA*[SA/(KAC+SA)]*[XPP/(KPP+XPP)]*XP
1 1 iCOD_N2
iNBM 1
iPBM
μOHO,Max*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/(SAc+SF+XAds
(KPO4,Bio,nut
μOHO,Max*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[SO2/(KO
(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,B
(1-YOHO,Ax)/ μOHO,Max*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[KO2,OHO/
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax) (KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,B
(1-YOHO,Ax)/ μOHO,Max*[SAc/(KAc,OHO+SAc)]*[SAc/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[KO2,OHO/(K
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax) (KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,B
μOHO,Max*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SAc+SF+XAds
(KPO4,Bio,nut
μOHO,Max*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[SO2/(KO2,
(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,B
(1-YOHO,Ax)/ μOHO,Max*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[KO2,OHO/(K
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax) (KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,B
(1-YOHO,Ax)/ μOHO,Max*[SF/(KSF,OHO+SF)]*[SF/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[KO2,OHO/(KO
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax) (KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,B
μAds_OHO,Max*[(XAds/XOHO)/(KAds_OHO+(XAds/XOHO
(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[S
μAds_OHO,Max*[(XAds/XOHO)/(KAds_OHO+(XAds/XOHO))]*[XAds/(S
(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNHx,OHO/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[
(1-YOHO,Ax)/ nμOHO,Ax*μAds_OHO,Max*[(XAds/XOHO)/(KAds_OHO+(XAds/XOHO))]*[XAds
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax) (KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[S
(1-YOHO,Ax)/ nμOHO,Ax*μAds_OHO,Max*[(XAds/XOHO)/(KAds_OHO+(XAds/XOHO))]*[XAds
(iNOx,N2*YOHO,Ax) (KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNHx,OHO/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[
qXCB_Ads*XCB*[(fAds_OHO,Max
mOHO*XOHO
qSF_Ac,Max*SF*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+
1 μANO,Max*[SO2/(KO2,ANO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,ANO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(K
-1 bANO*XANO
μPAO,MAX*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+(XHA/XPAO)]*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)
-1/YPAO,Ox
(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*XPAO
μPAO,MAX*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+(XHA/XPAO)]*[SO2/(KO2
-1/YPAO,Ox
(KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PA
μPAO,MAX,Plim*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO,Plim
-1/YPAO,Ox
(KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[KPO4,PAO,upt/(KPO4,PAO,upt
μPAO,MAX,Plim*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO,Plim+(XHA/XPAO)]*[SO2/(
-1/YPAO,Ox (KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[KPO4,PAO,upt/(KPO4,P
(KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP)]*XPAO
(1-YPAO,Ax)/ nμPAO*μPAO,MAX*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+(XHA/XPAO)]*[KO2,P
-1/YPAO,Ax
(iNOx,N2*YPAO,Ax) (KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PA
-
(1-YPAO,Ax)/ nμPAO*μPAO,MAX*[(XPAO,PHA/XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+(XHA/XPAO)]*[KO2,PAO
1/YPAO,Ax+iCOD_
(iNOx,N2*YPAO,Ax) (KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PA
*i
NOx N_XBio
mPAO*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*XPAO
mPAO*[SO2/(KO2,PAO
-1 mPAO*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,PAO+S
ημPAO*(1-fXU_PAO,lys-
mPAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+S
fSU_PAO,lys)/iNOx,N2
mPAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[S
mPAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(
-1
(KPO4,PAO,lys+SPO4
mPAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[KNOx,PAO/(KNOx,PAO+
mPAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[KNOx,PAO
mPAO*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[KNOx,PAO
-1
(KPO4,PAO,lys+SPO4
bPP_PO4*(1-nμPAO)*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO +SO2)]*[S
bPP_PO4*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[KNOx,PAO/(
1 qPAO,Ac_PHA*[SAc/(KAc,PAO+SAc)]*[XPAO,PP/(KPP,PAO+X
1 1 iCOD_N2
iN_XBio 1
iP_XBio
Composition matrix
COD
SO2 -1
SA 1
SF 1
SNH4
SNO3 -4.57142857142857
SPO4
SI 1
XE 1
XI 1
Xads 1
XENM 1
XH 1
XPAO 1
XPP
XPHA 1
XNIT 1
SN2 -1.71428571428571
XPHA XNIT SN2
0E+00
0E+00
0.298148148148148 0E+00
0.298148148148148 0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0.298148148148148 0E+00
0.298148148148148 0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0.298148148148148 0E+00
0.298148148148148 0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
1 0E+00
-1 0E+00
-1.50 0E+00
-1.50 0E+00
-1.50 0E+00
-1.50 0E+00
-1.85 0.30 0E+00
-2.16 0.30 0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
-1 0E+00
0.067375 0E+00
0E+00
-1 0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
-1 0E+00
0E+00
0E+00
1 0E+00
DS
)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
A
+SF+XADS)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
O3
+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
+SF+XADS)]*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
A
O3
+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
+SF+XADS)]*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
A
O3
+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
S
)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
+SF+XADS)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
A
O3
+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
+SF+XADS)]*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
A
O3
+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
+SF+XADS)]*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
A
O3
+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
*[XADS/(SA+SF+XADS)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
*[XADS/(SA+SF+XADS)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
O3
+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
(XADS/XH))]*[XADS/(SA+SF+XADS)]*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNH4/
*[SNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
(XADS/XH))]*[XADS/(SA+SF+XADS)]*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH4/
*[SNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XH
KADS*XENM*[(fMA-XADS)/XH]*XH
bH*XH
[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*XH
O2
)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,gro+SPO4)]*XNIT
bNIT*XNIT
1
+(XHA/XPAO)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,up+SPO4)]*XPAO
1
+(X HA
/XPAO)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
O3
+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,up+SPO4)]*XPAO
+(XHA/XPAO)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[KPO4,up/
PO4,up
+SPO4)]*[XPP/(KPP+XPP)]*XPAO
2
+(XHA/XPAO)]*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
*[KPO4,up/(KPO4,up+SPO4)]*[XPP/(KPP+XPP)]*XPAO
+(XHA/XPAO)]*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
HA1
O3
+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,up+SPO4)]*XPAO
+(XHA/XPAO)]*[KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SNO3/
HA1
O3
+SNO3)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,up+SPO4)]*XPAO
bPAO*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*XPAO
AO
*[SO2/(KOH+SO2)]*[XPP/XPAO]*XPAO
SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,lys+SPO4)]*[XPHA/XPAO]*XPAO
KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[SNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*XPAO
OH
+SO2)]*[SNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*[XPP/XPAO]*XPAO
O2
)]*[SNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,lys+SPO4)]*[XPHA/XPAO]*XAO
KOH/(KOH+SO2)]*[KNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*XPAO
OH
+SO2)]*[KNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*[XPP/XPAO]*XPAO
O2
)]*[K NO3
/(KNO3+SNO3)]*[SNH4/(KNH4+SNH4)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,lys+SPO4)]*[XPHA/XPAO]*XPAO
KOH+SO2)]*[SNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*[XPP/(KPP+XPP)]*XPAO
+SO2)]*[KNO3/(KNO3+SNO3)]*[XPP/(KPP+XPP)]*XPAO
*[SA/(KAC+SA)]*[XPP/(KPP+XPP)]*XPAO
Pocess rate
(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
SAc)]*[SAc/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNHx,OHO/
SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
SAc)]*[SAc/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNHx/
SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
c
)]*[SAc/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNHx,OHO/
SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
SAc+SF+XAds)]*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,OHO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
SF)]*[SF/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNHx,OHO/
SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
SF)]*[SF/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNHx/
SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
)]*[SF/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[KO2,OHO/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNHx,OHO/
SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
O
+(XAds/XOHO))]*[XAds/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[SO2/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[SNHx/
HO
+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
O
)/(KAds_OHO+(XAds/XOHO))]*[XAds/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[SO2/
HO
+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
XOHO)/(KAds_OHO+(XAds/XOHO))]*[XAds/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[KO2,OHO/
O
+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
XOHO)/(KAds_OHO+(XAds/XOHO))]*[XAds/(SAc+SF+XAds)]*[KO2,OHO/
HO
+SNHx)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XOHO
ds
*XCB*[(fAds_OHO,Max-XAds)/XOHO]*XOHO
mOHO*XOHO
HO
/(KO2,OHO+SO2)]*[KNOx,OHO/(KNOx,OHO+SNOx)]*XOHO
O2
)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,ANO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,Bio,nut+SPO4)]*XANO
bANO*XANO
AO
+(XHA/XPAO)]*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*XPAO
O
)/(KfPHA_PAO+(XHA/XPAO)]*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[KNHx,PAO/
NOx
/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*XPAO
AO
)/(KfPHA_PAO,Plim+(XHA/XPAO)]*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNHx/
AO,upt
/(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*[XPAO,PP/(KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP)]*XPAO
O
)/(KfPHA_PAO,Plim+(XHA/XPAO)]*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[KNHx,PAO/
KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[KPO4,PAO,upt/(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*[XPAO,PP/
(KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP)]*XPAO
XPAO)/(KfPHA_PAO+(XHA/XPAO)]*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNHx/
NOx
/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*XPAO
AO
)/(KfPHA_PAO+(XHA/XPAO)]*[KO2,PAO/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[KNHx,PAO/
NOx
/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,upt+SPO4)]*XPAO
mPAO*[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*XPAO
[SO2/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[XPAO,PP/XPAO]*XAO
/(KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/(KPO4,PAO,lys+SPO4)]*[XPAO,PHA/XPAO]*XPAO
O
/(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*XPAO
AO
+SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PP/XPAO]*XPAO
SO2)]*[SNOx/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
O4,PAO,lys
+SPO4)]*[XPAO,PHA/XPAO]*XPAO
(KO2,PAO+SO2)]*[KNOx,PAO/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*XPAO
O
+SO2)]*[KNOx,PAO/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PP/XPAO]*XPAO
2
)]*[KNOx,PAO/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[SNHx/(KNHx,PAO+SNHx)]*[SPO4/
O4,PAO,lys
+SPO4)]*[XPAO,PHA/XPAO]*XPAO
AO
+S O2
)]*[S NOx
/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PP/(KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP)]*XPAO
)]*[KNOx,PAO/(KNOx,PAO+SNOx)]*[XPAO,PP/(KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP)]*XPAO
/(KAc,PAO+SAc)]*[XPAO,PP/(KPP,PAO+XPAO,PP)]*XPAO
Composition matrix
N P
0.011 0
1
1
1
0.035 0
0.068 0.021
0.068 0.021
0.05 0
0.05 0
0.068 0.021
0.068 0.021
1
0.068 0.021
1
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
4E-16 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00
0E+00 0E+00