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Doses Commonly Prescribed Antibiotics PDF
Doses Commonly Prescribed Antibiotics PDF
indd 1185
Aminoglycosides
Amikacin N/A 15 mg/kg 15 mg/kg N/A 5–7.5 mg/kg IV 1.5–2.5 mg/kg IV
IV once/day IV once/day q 12 h q 24–48 h
or or
7.5 mg/kg q 12 h 7.5 mg/kg IV q 12 h
Gentamicin N/A 5–7 mg/kg 5–7 mg/kg N/A 1–2.5 mg/kg IV 0.34–0.51 mg/kg IV
IV once/day IV once/day q8h q 24–48 h
CHAPTER 132
or
1.7 mg/kg IV q 8 h
For synergy with N/A 1 mg/kg IV q 8 h N/A N/A 1 mg/kg IV q 8 h Infectious disease con-
a cell wall–active sultation required for
antibiotic to treat dosage
enterococcal en- Dosage adjusted to
docarditis caused achieve peak serum
1185
before surgery
1186
PEDIATRIC
ADULT DOSE (AGE > 1 MO) DOSE
DOSE IN RENAL
SECTION 11
SERIOUS FAILUREa (CrCl
DRUG ORAL PARENTERAL INFECTIONS ORAL PARENTERAL < 10 mL/min)
For hepatic coma 1–3 g qid N/A N/A 0.6–1.75 g/m2 q 6 h N/A N/A
or
0.4–1.2 g/m2 q 4 h
Infectious Diseases
Streptomycin
For TB N/A 15 mg/kg IM q 24 h N/A N/A 20–40 mg/kg IM 7.5 mg/kg IM
(maximum: 1.0 g/ once/day q 72–96 h
day) initially, then (maximum: 1 g)
1.0 g 2–3 times/wk
For synergy with a N/A 7.5 mg/kg IM q 12 h N/A N/A N/A N/A
cell wall–active
antibiotic to treat
enterococcal
endocarditis
Tobramycin N/A 5–7 mg/kg 5–7 mg/kg IV N/A 1–2.5 mg/kg IV 0.34–0.51 mg/kg IV
IV once/day once/day q8h q 24–48 h
or or
1.7 mg/kg IV q 8 h 1.7 mg/kg IV q 8 h
β-Lactams: Cephalosporins (1st generation)
Cefadroxil 0.5–1 g q 12 h N/A N/A 15 mg/kg q 12 h N/A 0.5 g po q 36 h
Cefazolin N/A 1–2 g IV q 8 h 2 g IV q 8 h N/A 16.6–33.3 mg/kg IV 1–2 g IV
q8h q 24–48 h
Cephalexin 0.25–0.5 g N/A N/A 6.25–12.5 mg/kg q 6 h N/A 0.25–0.5 g po
q6h or q 24–48 h
8.0–16 mg/kg q 8 h
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CHAPTER 132
IV q 4 h or or, for severe infec- q 24–48 h
3 g IV q 6 h tions, 25–40 mg/kg
q6h
Cefprozil 0.25 g q 12 h N/A N/A 15 mg/kg q 12 h for N/A 0.25 g po q 12–24 h
or otitis media
0.5 g q 12–24 h
1187
16.6–66.6 mg/kg q 6 h
1188
PEDIATRIC
ADULT DOSE (AGE > 1 MO) DOSE
DOSE IN RENAL
SECTION 11
SERIOUS FAILUREa (CrCl
DRUG ORAL PARENTERAL INFECTIONS ORAL PARENTERAL < 10 mL/min)
c
Cefpodoxime 0.1–0.4 g q 12 h N/A N/A 5 mg/kg q 12 h N/A 0.1–0.4 g po q 24 h
Ceftazidime N/A 1 g IV q 12 h to 2 g 2 g IV q 8 h N/A 25–50 mg/kg IV 0.5 g IV q 24–48 h
q8h q8h
Infectious Diseases
Ceftibutenb 0.4 g q 24 h N/A N/A 9 mg/kg once/day N/A 0.1 g po q 24 h
Ceftizoxime N/A 0.5 g IV q 12 h to 4 g IV q 8 h N/A 50 mg/kg IV 0.5 g IV q 24 h to
4 g IV q 8 h q 6–8 h 0.5–1 g IV q 48 h
Ceftriaxone N/A 1–2 g IV q 24 h 2 g IV q 24 h N/A 50–75 mg/kg IV q 24 h Same as adult dose
or
25–37.5 mg/kg q 12 h
For meningitis N/A 2 g IV q 12 h 2 g IV q 12 h N/A 50 mg/kg IV q 12 h or 2 g IV q 12 h
100 mg/kg q 24 h (not
to exceed 4 g/day)
Possibly a loading
dose of 100 mg/kg
IV (not to exceed 4 g)
at the start of therapy
β-Lactams: Cephalosporin (4th generation)
Cefepime N/A 1–2 g IV q 8–12 h 2 g IV q 8 h N/A 50 mg/kg IV q 8–12 h 0.25–1 g IV q 24 h
β-Lactams: Penicillins
Amoxicillin 0.25–0.5 g q 8 h N/A N/A 12.5–25 mg/kg q 12 h N/A 0.25–0.5 g po q 24 h
or or
0.875 g q 12 h 7–13 mg/kg q 8 h
For endocarditis 2 g for 1 dose N/A N/A 50 mg/kg 1 h before N/A 2 g po for 1 dose
prophylaxis procedure
3/11/11 10:34 AM
Amoxicillin/ 0.25–0.5 g q 8 h N/A N/A If > 40 kg: Adult dose N/A 0.25–0.5 g po q 24 h
clavulanate or
0.875 g q 12 h
Table continues on the following page.
7034_11MM19_129_156_INF.indd 1189
CHAPTER 132
q6h
Ampicillin/ N/A 1.5–3.0 g IV q 6 h 3 g IV q 6 h N/A 25–50 mg/kg IV q 6 h 1.5–3.0 g IV q 24 h
sulbactam
(3 g = 2 g ampicillin
+ 1 g sulbactam)
Dicloxacillinb 0.125–0.5 g q 6 h N/A N/A 3.125–6.25 mg/kg q 6 h N/A 0.125–0.5 g po q 6 h
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units/kg IV q 4 h units/day)
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PEDIATRIC
ADULT DOSE (AGE > 1 MO) DOSE
DOSE IN RENAL
SECTION 11
SERIOUS FAILUREa (CrCl
DRUG ORAL PARENTERAL INFECTIONS ORAL PARENTERAL < 10 mL/min)
Penicillin G ben-
zathine (Bicillin©
L-A)
Infectious Diseases
For streptococcal N/A 1.2 million units IM N/A N/A 25,000–50,000 units/ 1.2 million units IM for
pharyngitis for 1 dose kg IM as a single dose 1 dose
or
If < 27 kg: 300,000–
600,000 units as a
single dose
or
If ≥ 27 kg: 0.9 million
units as a single
dose
Prophylaxis for N/A 1.2 million units IM N/A N/A 25,000–50,000 units/ 1.2 million units IM
rheumatic fever q 3–4 wk kg IM q 3–4 wk q 3–4 wk
For early syphilis N/A 2.4 million units IM N/A N/A 50,000 units/kg IM 2.4 million units IM for
for 1 dose for 1 dose 1 dose
For late syphilis N/A 2.4 million units N/A N/A 50,000 units/kg IM in 2.4 million units IM for
(excluding IM/wk for 3 wk 3 doses 1 wk apart 1 dose
neurosyphilis)
Penicillin G N/A 0.3–0.6 million units N/A N/A 25,000–50,000 units/ 0.3 to 0.6 million units
procaine IM q 12 h kg IM q 24 h IM q 12 h
(IM only) or
12,500–25,000 units/
kg IM q 12 h
Piperacillin N/A 3 g IV q 4–6 h 3 g IV q 4 h N/A 50–75 mg/kg IV q 6 h 3–4 g IV q 12 h
(1.9 mEq Na/g) or
33.3–50 mg/kg IV
3/11/11 10:34 AM
q4h
Table continues on the following page.
7034_11MM19_129_156_INF.indd 1191
CHAPTER 132
lanate (3.1 g = 3 g IV (based on ticar-
ticarcillin + 0.1 g cillin component)
clavulanic acid) q 4–6 h
Other β-lactams
Aztreonam N/A 1–2 g IV q 2 g IV q 6 h N/A 30–40 mg/kg IV 0.5 g IV q 8 h
6–12 h q 6–8 h
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q 12 h q 8–12 h q 12 h (in select q 12 h (in select or
3/11/11 10:34 AM
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PEDIATRIC
ADULT DOSE (AGE > 1 MO) DOSE
DOSE IN RENAL
SECTION 11
SERIOUS FAILUREa (CrCl
DRUG ORAL PARENTERAL INFECTIONS ORAL PARENTERAL < 10 mL/min)
Infectious Diseases
Gemifloxacin 320 mg q 24 h N/A N/A N/A N/A 160 mg po q 24 h
Levofloxacin 0.25–0.75 g 0.25–0.75 0.75 g IV q 24 h N/A N/A 0.25–0.5 g po or IV
q 24 h IV g q 24 h q 48 h
Moxifloxacin 0.4 g q 24 h 0.4 g IV q 24 h 0.4 g IV q 24 h N/A N/A 0.4 g q 24 h po or IV
Norfloxacinb 0.4 g q 12 h N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.4 g po q 24 h
Ofloxacin 0.2–0.4 g q 12 h 0.4 g IV q 12 h 0.2–0.4 g IV q 12 h N/A N/A 0.1–0.2 g po or IV
q 24 h
Macrolides
Azithromycin 0.5 g on day 1, 0.5 g IV q 24 h 0.5 g IV q 24 h — N/A 0.5 g on day 1, then
then 0.25 g q 0.25 g po q 24 h for 4
24 h for 4 days days or 0.5 g IV q 24 h
For nongonococcal 1 g for 1 dose N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
cervicitis and
urethritis
For traveler’s 1 g for 1 dose N/A N/A 5–10 mg/kg for N/A N/A
diarrhea 1 dose
For tonsillitis or N/A N/A N/A 12 mg/kg for 5 days N/A N/A
pharyngitis
For otitis media N/A N/A N/A 10 mg/kg on day 1, N/A N/A
or community- then 5 mg/kg once/day
acquired pneumonia on days 2–5
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CHAPTER 132
Lactobionate N/A 0.5–1 g IV q 6 h 1 g IV q 6 h N/A 3.75–5.0 mg/kg IV 0.5 g IV q 6 h
q6h
Gluceptate N/A 0.5–1 g IV q 6 h 1 g IV q 6 h N/A 3.75–5.0 mg/kg IV 0.5 g IV q 6 h
q6h
For GI preoperative 1 g for N/A N/A 20 mg/kg for 3 doses N/A N/A
bowel preparation 3 doses
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sulfamethoxazolee q 6–8 h q6h q 12 h q 12 h other alternatives are
3/11/11 10:34 AM
available)
1194
PEDIATRIC
ADULT DOSE (AGE > 1 MO) DOSE
DOSE IN RENAL
SECTION 11
SERIOUS FAILUREa (CrCl
DRUG ORAL PARENTERAL INFECTIONS ORAL PARENTERAL < 10 mL/min)
For Pneumocystis 0.32/1.6 g q 8 h 5 mg TMP/kg IV 5 mg TMP/kg IV 5–6.6 mg TMP/kg q 8 h 5–6.6 mg TMP/kg IV If essential, 5 mg
jirovecii pneumo- for 21 days q 8 h for 21 days q 6–8 h or q8h TMP/kg IV q 24 h
niae 3.75–5 mg TMP/kg q 6 h or or
Infectious Diseases
3.75–5 mg TMP/kg 1.25 mg TMP/kg IV
IV q 6 h q6h
Tetracyclines
Doxycycline 0.1 g q 12 h 0.1 g IV q 12 h 0.1 mg IV q 12 h Age > 8 yr: 2–4 mg/kg Age > 8 yr: 2–4 mg/ 0.1 g IV or po q 12 h
q 24 h kg IV q 24 h
or or
1–2 mg/kg q 12 h 1–2 mg/kg IV q 12 h
Minocycline 0.1 g q 12 h 0.1 g IV q 12 h 0.1 g IV q 12 h N/A N/A 0.1 g IV or po q 12 h
Tetracyclineb 0.25–0.5 g N/A N/A Age > 8 yr: 6.25–12.5 N/A Doxycycline used
q6h mg/kg q 6 h instead
Tigecycline N/A 100 mg, then 50 mg Same as adult dose N/A N/A Same as adult dose
(25 mg for severe
hepatic dysfunc-
tion) IV q 12 hr
Others
Clindamycin 0.15–0.45 g 0.6 g IV q 6 h to 0.9 0.9 g IV q 8 h 2.6–6.6 mg/kg q 8 h 6.6–13.2 mg/kg IV 0.15–0.45 g po q 6 h
q6h IV g q 8 h or q8h or
2–5 mg/kg q 6 h or 0.6–0.9 g IV q 6–8 h
5–10 mg/kg IV q 6 h
Chloramphenicol 0.25–1 g q 6 h 0.25–1.0 g IV q 6 h 1 g IV q 6 h N/A 12.5–18.75 mg/kg 0.25–1.0 g IV q 6 h
IV q 6 h
For meningitis N/A 12.5 mg/kg q 6 h 12.5 mg/kg IV N/A 18.75–25 mg/kg IV 12.5 mg/kg IV q 6 h
(maximum: 4 g/day) q 6 h (maximum: q6h (maximum: 4 g/day)
4 g/day)
3/11/11 10:34 AM
CHAPTER 132
0.5 g q 12 h for
7 days
For Clostridium 0.5 g q 6–8 h for 500 mg IV q 6–8 h 500 mg IV q 6 h 7.5 mg/kg q 8 h 7.5 mg/kg IV q 6 h 250 mg po or IV q 8 h
difficile–induced 10–14 days
diarrhea (pseudo-
membranous coli-
tis)
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macrocrystals
1196
PEDIATRIC
ADULT DOSE (AGE > 1 MO) DOSE
DOSE IN RENAL
SECTION 11
SERIOUS FAILUREa (CrCl
DRUG ORAL PARENTERAL INFECTIONS ORAL PARENTERAL < 10 mL/min)
Quinupristin/ N/A 7.5 mg/kg IV 7.5 mg/kg IV q 8 h N/A 7.5 mg/kg IV q 12 h 7.5 mg/kg IV q 8–12 h
dalfopristin q 8–12 h for complicated skin
or skin structure
Infectious Diseases
infection
or
7.5 mg/kg q 8 h for
serious infections
Rifampinb
For TB 0.6 g q 24 h 0.6 g IV q 24 h N/A 5–10 mg/kg q 12 h 10–20 mg/kg IV 0.3–0.6 g IV or po
or q 24 h q 24 h
10–20 mg/kg q 24 h
For meningococcal 0.6 g q 12 h for N/A N/A Age ≥ 1 mo: 10 mg/kg N/A 0.6 g po q 12 h for
exposure 4 doses q 12 h for 2 days 4 doses
Age < 1 mo: 5 mg/kg
q 12 h for 2 days
For Haemophilus 20 mg/kg q 24 h N/A N/A 20 mg/kg q 24 h for N/A 20 mg/kg q 24 h for
influenzae for 4 days (not 4 days 4 days (not to exceed
exposure to exceed 600 Age < 1 mo: 10 mg/kg 600 mg q 24 h)
mg q 24 h) q 24 h for 4 days
For staphylococcal 0.3 g q 8 h 0.3 g IV q 8 h 0.3 g IV q 8 h — — 0.3 g IV or po q 8 h
infections (used or or or or
with a penicillin, 0.6–0.9 g q 24 h 0.6–0.9 g IV q 24 h 0.6–0.9 g IV q 24 h 0.6–0.9 g IV or po q 24 h
cephalosporin, or
vancomycin)
Spectinomycin N/A 2 g IM for 1 dose N/A N/A N/A 2 g IM for 1 dose
3/11/11 10:34 AM
CHAPTER 132
aInitial loading dose should be equivalent to the usual dose for patients with normal renal function, followed by a dose adjusted for renal failure. Dosing adjustments
of aminoglycosides should be assisted by measuring peak (drawn 1 h after the start of a 30-min IV infusion) and trough (drawn 30 min before next dose) serum levels.
b
Rate or extent of absorption is decreased when the drug is taken with food.
cDosage should not exceed that for adults.
d
These drugs are generally avoided in children.
eDose is based on TMP.
Copyright © 2011 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, N.J. U.S.A.
3/11/11 10:34 AM
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