CAPABILITY STATEMENT

GERMANISCHER LLOYD NOBLE DENTON

CAPABILITY STATEMENT

GL NOBLE DENTON
LEVEL 38, MENARA AMBANK, JALAN YAP KWAN SENG, 50450 KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA
PHONE +603-21601088 FAX +603-21601099
WWW.GL-GROUP.COM
GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

1. OVERVIEW

Germanischer Lloyd (GL), with its head office in Hamburg (Germany), employs more than 6,400
engineers, surveyors, experts and administrative staff in 80 countries. The global network consists of
more than 200 stations and site offices. GL offers technical competence, uncompromising quality and
first-class services around the world.

GL is dedicated to ensuring the safety of life and property at sea, and the prevention of pollution of
the marine environment. Our safety and quality philosophy is based on qualified and well trained
personnel capable of working in different cultural environments. As an independent third party
company, GL is a dynamic, innovative, forward-thinking, expansion-minded organisation. We focus
on developing state of the art rules, procedures and guidance in order to offer relevant answers in
times of economic challenges and tight regulatory regimes.

As an inspection, certification and technical consultancy company GL offers sophisticated technical

services addressing all safety and risk issues of installations related to energy production, storage
and transportation. Germanischer Lloyd offers a "one stop shopping" approach for its worldwide
customer base including comprehensive technical services across the asset life cycle.

Trident Consultants is now a GL Group company and within GL all the Oil and Gas services
companies are currently undergoing rebranding as “GL Noble Denton”.

GL’s range of services extends to project consulting for oil and gas production, storage, subsea
technology, LNG terminals, pipeline engineering as well as gas, electricity and water distribution
networks. This is complemented with the corresponding software solutions and consulting services
for installation performance, maintenance and process control. Intensive consultancy, accompanied
by inspection and certification procedures, provides customized support for manufacturers, operators,
banks and investors at all stages in the value-added chain of industrial plants, such as planning and
development, construction, commissioning, operation as well as dismantling and shutdowns.

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

2. SAFETY AND RISK

2.1. RISK MANAGEMENT

Risk management is a blanket term covering the identification and evaluation of threats, hazards or
other exposures to losses/costs. Assessments utilise a large number of techniques ranging from a
detailed Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) to more abstract techniques such as Hazard Identification
(HAZID) and Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) studies, which rely on expertise and judgement. GLIS
adopts a flexible approach to risk assessment, which allows the integration of elements from both
hard and soft within an analysis. A risk assessment typically provides the basis on which subsequent
risk management decisions can be made.

HAZID is the systematic appraisal of what might go wrong, combined with ranking in terms of severity
and gives a structured basis on which to develop the management strategy.

HAZOP studies, which are common in the industry, provide a means to systematically identify
deviations from design.

SIL evaluates the integrity of the facility in terms of the adequacy of its control measures and
safeguards in place. This is the principle behind the SIL assessment which allows a facility/system to
be assessed and graded according to different classifications.

QRA has been long established in the Oil & Gas industry and combines hazard identification with an
assessment of the frequency and magnitude of hazardous events to determine the risk(s), which is
then evaluated against tolerability criteria. Full QRA studies frequently encompass several of the
other risk management aspects, e.g. modelling of system behaviour, system reliability and the
effectiveness of safety systems.

Blast Overpressure can significantly increase risk to a facility as it can cause a significant escalation
to adjoining facilities and equipment. The use of properly defined blast walls, particularly in the
offshore industry, can considerably reduce the risk to people and asset. GLIS uses a range of blast
models, including 3-D CFD model, to assess the consequence of blast overpressures to determine
proper blast wall rating that suits the desired risk reduction.

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

Evacuation, Escape and Rescue Analysis (EERA) assesses the risk associated with Evacuation,
Escape and Rescue activities following an accidental event on a facility.

Emergency Systems Survivability Assessment (ESSA) primarily assesses the risk associated
with failure of emergency systems due to an accidental event on a facility.

Temporary Refuge (TR) is provided on a facility to enable orderly muster and evacuation of
personnel during an emergency.

Ship Collision Risk to a facility can be significant due to high marine traffic in the area. Collision
Risk Analysis assesses and mitigates ship collision risks through appropriate navigation systems,
marine procedures and review of the facility structural integrity.

Dropped Objects Analysis evaluates the consequential risk to the plant, offshore platform structure,
pipelines and personnel as the offshore installation perform frequent lifts of varies objects of different
impact energy.

2.2. HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT

Safety and Health Audits

In order to sustain and improve upon safety and health management levels, audits are commonly
performed to identify shortfalls and gaps at the facility.

Development of Safety Case

HSE Cases have become an industry standard and for many countries a legislation for identifying
potential hazards and evaluating the adequacy of a facility’s safety systems to control and mitigate
these hazards.

Hot and Toxic Gas Dispersion

Dispersion studies are undertaken to assess toxic gaseous emissions impacts and put forward
suitable recommendations to minimise such impacts. GLIS’s key capability in this area is not only to
undertake simulation of these emissions but to also analyse and interpret the results. These then

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

provide a sound basis for validating a proposed design or justifying modifications to an existing
facility.

Flare Radiation

Flare radiation studies are performed to predict the thermal intensities arising from the flare. These
results provide an important basis in ensuring that the design of the flare is fit for purpose and does
not expose any personnel or assets to excessive thermal radiation.

Noise Abatement

GLIS’s noise prediction model is able to simulate the propagation of noise and illustrate these results
in the form of noise contours. Drawing of these results, suitable recommendations such as hearing
protection, noise enclosures, etc. can then be proposed and incorporated into the design of the
facility.

Acoustically Induced Vibration (AIV)

GLIS’s AIV programme calculates the acoustic energy within a system which can then be assessed
against industry criteria as necessary and suitable recommendations proposed as required.

Health Risk Assessment (HRA)

GLIS’s approach in HRA is to document the various aspects and characteristics of the workplace
associated with a certain job or task and to use this information as a basis for analyzing and
prioritizing actions to address occupational health and safety risks.

Emergency Response Planning (ERP)

A key component in safety management is preparedness and anticipation for any untoward situation
or circumstance. GLIS’s ERP demonstrates the capability of a facility to adequately anticipate and
respond to emergencies thereby enhancing the reputation and integrity of the organization.

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

3. ASSET INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT

3.1. SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE AND VALIDATION

Verification of the expected performance and behaviour of a system or a plant can greatly reduce
engineering programme and project risk(s). In many cases, dynamic process modelling provides the
only reliable method of confirming effective and safe designs. GL Nobel Denton is a leading
simulation consultancy that uses advance simulation techniques to determine process performance
and physical behaviour in the case of operational upsets and inadvertent failure of equipment and
systems.

GLIS uses advance simulation techniques to determine effectiveness of the operational procedures
such as start-ups, shutdown and turndown of production.

Examples of the range of these applications are illustrated below.

Dynamic Simulation of Compression Systems

Analysis of the compressor systems using Dynamic Simulation demonstrates the performance of the
compressor and its controls. This inevitably reveals improvements that can be made to the system
and often shows shortcomings. The key areas of concerns that are addressed using dynamic
simulation are as follows:

Confirm stability of plant’s control systems during changes in operating conditions;

Test the performance of the anti-surge, capacity and load sharing control system;

Confirm the settle out pressures post shutdown;

Test the adequacy if all the control and trip set points;

Test and confirm the operational envelope for acceptable performance including turn-up and
turn down capability;

Provide settings for all instruments and controller tuning constants;

Confirm start up and operating procedures to achieve the safe and efficient operation.

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

Hydraulic Surge Analysis for Fire Water Systems

There is a significant record of poor reliability of firewater pumps in offshore facilities as hydraulic
surge pressures can far exceed the design pressure of the firewater system.

Problems encountered range from worn bearings, riser bolts failure, corrosion and pitting of materials
all created by hydraulic shocks generated during start up. These shocks can be further exacerbated if
the start-up logic causes simultaneous start-up of two pumps. Finally hydraulic surge due to
inadvertent closure of deluge valve under flowing conditions can cause sever hydraulic surge
pressures which can be different in characteristics and severity to the start-up dynamics.

GLIS has investigated these systems by performing a Dynamic Simulation Analysis and determined
the following:

Maximum surge during start-up of the main fire water pumps;

Adequacy of the start-up logic of the jockey, main and the stand-by pumps;

Maximum surge during simultaneous start-up of the main and the stand-by fire water pumps;

Maximum surge pressure and its location due to inadvertent closure of deluge valve under
flowing conditions.

GLIS has helped a number of clients redesign the system to ensure that the fire water system can be
started up and operated without failing from hydraulic surge. The redesigned systems will reduce the
maintenance costs and spares requirements and give longer trouble free life providing this key
emergency safety system with greater reliability.

Hydraulic Surge Analysis for Sea Water System

This system has suffered similar problems to the Fire Water System of poor design leading to high
hydraulic surge pressures that exceed the design pressure of the system. In addition to this, Sea
Water System can also suffer from poor controllability and thus performance of the deaeration
column as well as poor controllability of the control system on the overboard dump line(s).

GLIS has investigated these systems by performing a Dynamic Simulation Analysis and determined
the following:

Maximum surge during start-up of the main sea water lift pumps;

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

Maximum surge during simultaneous start-up of the main and the stand-by sea water lift
pumps;

Performance of the Deaerator inlet flow control system;

Sea water heat exchanger performance;

Performance of the control system on the overboard dump line(s);

Maximum surge pressure and its location due to inadvertent closure of shutdown valve under
flowing conditions.

GLIS has helped a number of clients redesign the system to ensure that the sea water system can be
started up and operate without either failing from hydraulic surge or poor equipment and control
system performance. The redesigned systems will reduce the maintenance costs and spares
requirements and give longer trouble free life providing this key utility system with greater reliability.

Hydraulic Surge Analysis for Water Injection System

This system has suffered similar problems to the Sea Water System of poor design leading to high
hydraulic surge pressures that exceed the design pressure of the system and poor system
controllability and equipment performance.

Hydraulic Surge Analysis for Crude Oil and Condensate System

This system has suffered similar problems to the Sea Water/Water Injection Systems of poor design
leading to high hydraulic surge pressures that exceed the design pressure of the system and poor
system controllability and equipment performance.

Hydraulic Surge Analysis for Fuel Gas System

High availability of the fuel gas system is essential to maintaining the production of a plant. A number
of clients have experienced trip of the fuel gas system during operations upset in the plant e.g.
shutdown or start-up of a fuel gas user. Generally, the trip is caused by either the pressure or
temperature dynamics caused by the operations upset.

GLIS has investigated these systems by performing a Dynamic Simulation Analysis and determined
the following:

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

Maximum or minimum pressure and temperature profiles during upset conditions;

Whether any fuel gas users which are already running will be tripped by low/high pressure
caused by start-up/shutdown of another fuel gas user.

Adequacy of the operating pressure/temperature/degree of superheat;

Adequacy of the trip settings;

Adequacy of the Buffer Vessel/fuel gas K. O. Drum sizing; and

Recommendation of controllers tuning set.

GLIS has helped a number of clients redesign the system to ensure that the fuel gas users can be
start-up or shutdown without tripping other users or the entire Fuel Gas system. The redesign system
will reduce the operational difficulties and ensure a stable fuel gas supply to the users.

Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger System

The risk of heat exchanger tube failures and the resultant overpressures of the shell have been a
concern to a number of users. Using a Dynamic Simulation Model of the heat exchanger system, GL
Nobel Denton can predict the pressure profiles developed during failure scenarios to determine the
degree, location and duration of possible overpressures. From this information, modifications to the
exchanger and its protection system design can be determined and checked. These results have
also been used to demonstrate to statutory authorities the adequacy of the design.

Flare or Vent System Including Blowdown

Flare/Vent system is a critical safety system on any plant. The design of this system is critical to
ensure the operational safety is maintained.

Design of the flare/vent system must ensure the following key considerations:

Adequate flare/vent system capacity is available to cater for the maximum flare loads;

The relief devices are appropriate and are set in line with the maximum back pressures in the
flare systems;

The material selection can withstand the low gas temperatures during a blowdown.

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

GLIS has completed a number of blowdown studies for clients and provided the following key
benefits:

Estimate the maximum blowdown loads and confirm flare system sizes;

Estimate minimum pipewall temperatures to help select piping material;

Determine staggered blowdown sequence to reduce flare loads;

Performed hydraulic study of the flare system.

Flow Assurance/Multiphase Flow Network

In today’s climate engineers are being continually pushed to develop fields at lower and lower cost
whilst maintaining operational flexibility and not increasing the risk to people and the environment.
One method to achieve this is by the use of a Well Head Platform and exporting the full well fluids via
a multiphase flow pipeline to an existing platform. This method provides the potential for large cost
savings by not having to duplicate separation, dehydration, compression and utilities for the new
facilities. It also reduces the risk to people via less people being employed offshore and reduces the
risk to the environment by having less hydrocarbons topsides and by having fewer routes for release
of hydrocarbon to the environment.

However, the use of multiphase pipelines presents major challenges to the engineer designing the
facility. These challenges can include:

Slug/plug flow,

Hydrate formation and blockage,

Increased corrosion,

Equipment sizing,

Control system interactions,

Arrival temperature variations,

Pigging and liquid loads on the flare system during blow down.

One way to meet these challenges is by the use of dynamic simulation to model the multiphase
pipeline and the topsides in an integrated model. This allows for accurate modelling of the

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

interactions between the topsides and the pipeline during the transient conditions which exist during
normal operations.

3.2. INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT

Reliability, Availability & Maintainability (RAM)

GLIS applies the relationship between RAM and risk by systematically modelling the inter-
dependency of different elements of a system. RAM is an efficient method for reducing design,
operations and contractual cost of projects by means of the following:

ensures that return on investment is as per expectations by ascertaining the design

requirements to meet contractual productivity target;

assesses the changes in CAPEX required for different levels of redundancy and sparing, and
trade this off against the OPEX costs develop maintenance and sparing strategies;

confirms the redundancy of different system elements;

predicts productivity shortfall;

help assess and develop make-up strategies upon expected shortfall in productivity;

determines operational constraints;

defines spares locations, supply logistics and storage cost;

develops commonality of spares and help reduce investment in spares holding;

defines resource allocation and hence help assess resource requirement to meet target
productivity;

defines maintenance schedules in line with the target or contractual productivity; and

includes cost of maintenance and repairs in the model to help assess cost profile over the life
of a facility.

Reliability Centred Maintenance

Interest in Reliability Centred Maintenance (RCM) is growing but the preservation of reliability through
maintenance may be unnecessary if the risk arising from failure is acceptable. A rigorous

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

maintenance strategy is therefore an essential foundation on which to build an RCM system. Defining
a maintenance strategy for the components of a facility based on risk provides a real cost reduction
opportunity. A key analysis performed during the RCM is the Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality
Analysis (FMECA).

FMECA provides a structured and meticulous approach to identify possible failure modes, their
preceding events, the resulting effects and opportunities to design out these eventualities. In
identifying potential failure scenarios, the FMECA provides proactive planning opportunities. In
essence, it provides the following benefits:

A tabulation of all operating equipment at a facility;

Identification and documentation of failure modes of each equipment;

The resulting effects of such failure modes on the failure potential of the overall system; and

Development of a criticality ranking for each failure mode, which provides the basis for
establishing preventive maintenance and sparing philosophies as well as redundancy
configurations.

Risk Based Inspection

The main objectives of the RBI are to derive an inspection strategy that ensures the maintenance of
integrity of the plant.

establish a minimised vessel inspection programme in accordance with regulations

optimise the inspection strategy for equipment including the testing and maintenance of relief
valves

establish integrity management procedures

reduce, and where possible, eliminate the need for full vessel isolation and entry by utilising
borescopic inspection technique

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

4. TECHNICAL ASSURANCE

4.1. VERIFICATION

With its verification services, GL aims to ensure the safety and reliability of offshore units and
installations with regard to design, construction and operation. Acting as an independent verification
body, we assist with the fulfilment of regional statutory and company requirements, e.g. the UK
Safety Case SCR and Prevention of Fire, Explosion and Emergency Response regulations (PFEER).

4.2. CERTIFICATION

Local regulators require that an agreed set of locally, regionally and internationally-valid set of codes
and standards are met during design, construction and operation. As the certifying agency we will
check design and inspect the manufacturing and construction activities. At the end, a compliance
certificate is issued to give official approval for operation.

4.3. CLASSIFICATION

GL establishes and applies technical standards in relation to the design, construction and survey of
marine-related facilities including ships and offshore structures. Implementing rules and regulations,
the classification process consists of a technical review of design plans and related documents,
attendance at the construction yard of the vessel and relevant production facilities, and periodical
class surveys to maintain the class certificate.

4.4. MARINE WARRANTY SURVEY

Marine warranty surveying is the verification of requirements laid down by the client in the scope of
work as defined by the insurer in the warranty clause to ensure that all necessary precautions are
taken to avoid loss. The review and approval of documents consists of installation and anchor-
handling procedures, laying procedures, location survey analysis, loadout analysis, transportation
analysis and lifting/upending analysis.

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

4.5. INDEPENDENT DESIGN REVIEW

In-depth independent reviews and recalculations help to verify and certify that your design fully
complies with recognised codes and standards. This service includes design review including
dynamic analysis, stability analysis, structural verification, static analysis and lifting analysis.

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099
 CAPABILITY STATEMENT

5. SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS

5.1. ASSET INTEGRITY MANAGEMENT SUITE

GALIOM

To meet the need for an acceptable level of operational safety at a reasonable level of expenditure,
GLIS has developed a software tool known as GALIOM. It does two things. First, it determines risk
and shows the technical integrity of an asset. Second, it develops a targeted inspection and
maintenance program. In other words, GALIOM is a combined AIM and risk-based inspection (RBI)
tool that can be used for any oil, gas or petrochemical facility or power plant. Each facility is
influenced by inherent internal and external risk factors, or the base-line risk as this is known. Such
risk factors typically include mechanical deficiencies or the location of the facility (densely populated
area, environmentally sensitive or seismic active region). GALIOM identifies all these internal and
external factors and determines any higher-risk component or section. By integrating the engineering,
operational and economic aspects of a project, GALIOM enables risk mitigation and inspection
strategies to be developed and implemented with the aim of optimising maintenance whilst staying
within acceptable risk levels.

What makes GALIOM one-of-a-kind is the immediate overview it provides of the current status of
afacility, be it risk or technical integrity. GALIOM displays the technical and operational integrity ofthe
individual assets of a facility. On the one hand, this permits a quick survey of the current risk level
status. On the other hand, a colour-coding system displays the maintenance due date status of
everything from a functional group and a tag down to individual pieces of equipment. This
visualisation is realised by an easily understandable traffic-light system:

GL NOBLE DENTON
Level 38, Menara Ambank, Jalan Yap Kwan Seng, 50450 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Phone +603-21610088/ 21601088 Fax +603-21610099/ 21601099