ÉCOLE NATIONALE DE

COMMERCE ET DE GESTION

Social
Entrepreneurship
Introduction

I.Social Entrepreneurship: Definition and

Boundaries
1. Social entreprise

2. ORIGINS OF THE WORD ENTREPRENEUR

3. Differences between Business and Social Entrepreneurs

4. DEFINING SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP

II.STARTING A SOCIALLY
ENTREPRENEURIAL ORGANIZATION
1. The Emerging Field

2. Source social enterprise

3. The Benefits of Building a Social Enterprise

III.Challenges of social
entrepreneurship
1. Directions in Social Entrepreneurship

2. Identifying change agents

3. The role of business

4.
VI. Greatest Social Entrepreneurs
1. Ashoka: Innovators of the Public

2. Yunus MuHAMMAD ,the founder of the Grameen Bank

3. Toms shoes

Conclusion

Page #!2
The terms social entrepreneur and social entrepreneurship were used first in the literature on social
change in the1960s and 1970s.The terms came into widespread use in the 1980s and 1990s,
promoted by Bill Drayton the founder of Ashoka: Innovators for the Public, and others such as
Charles Leadbeater. A social entrepreneur identifies practical solutions to social problems by
combining innovation, resourcefulness and opportunity. Committed to producing social value,
these entrepreneurs identify new processes, services and products, or unique ways of combining
proven practice with innovation to address complex social problems. Whether the focus of their
work is on enterprise development, health, education, environment, labour conditions or human
rights, social entrepreneurs are people who seize on the problems created by change as
opportunities to transform societies. The paper focuses on social entrepreneurs and
entrepreneurship. The objective of the paper is to study about the different challenges of social
entrepreneurship. How social entrepreneurs work for the benefits of the society. This paper
focuses on different challenges faced by the social entrepreneurs while doing something for the
welfare of the society. Just as entrepreneurs change the face of business, social entrepreneurs
act as the change agents for society, seizing opportunities others miss to improve systems, invent
new approaches, and create solutions to change society for the better. While a business
entrepreneur might create entirely new industries, a social entrepreneur develops innovative
solutions to social problems and then implements them on a large scale.social entrepreneur
identifies practical solutions to social problems by combining innovation, resourcefulness and
opportunity. Committed to producing social value, these entrepreneurs identify new processes,
services and products, or unique ways of combining proven practice with innovation to address
complex social problems. Whether the focus of their work is on enterprise development, health,
education, environment, labour conditions or human rights, social entrepreneurs are people who
seize on the problems created by change as opportunities to transform societies. The paper
focuses on social entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship. The objective of the paper is to study
about the different challenges of social entrepreneurship. How social entrepreneurs work for the
benefits of the society. This paper focuses on different challenges faced by the social
entrepreneurs while doing something for the welfare of the society.

Page #!3
 I.Social
Entrepreneurship:
Definition and
Boundaries

1.A social
enterprise…
• Creates a positive impact on society (socially or
environmentally)
• Realizes its primary objective by delivering a service
or
product as an independent organization
• Is financially self-sustainable and therefore not fully
dependent on gifts and subsidies
• Runs its business in a sustainable way:
• Profit is allowed, however, the financial goals are
supportive of the company’s societal mission
• Scalability of the business model increases the level
of impact
• Dividends paid to shareholders are reasonable
• Governance and policies are based on equal voting
rights for all parties involved
• Fair to everyone
• Eco-footprint conscious
• Transparent
Positioning of social enterprises: In between traditional
businesses and charitiesFirst of all, it is important to
note that, in general, the main drivers of traditional
businesses are financial returns and maximization of
shareholder value. However, value creation in the
globalized world of the 21st century requires a stronger
relationship between society, the environment and
economic growth than ever before. No longer can
companies act in isolation of their surroundings and,
therefore, increasingly need to be capable of adapting
to a changing (business) environment. The source of
value that lies at the heart of companies has shifted
and broadened with much more being pegged on
intangible assets, such as intellectual capital, research
& development, brand value, and natural and human
capital. This requires companies to constantly innovate
andco-create shared value with their stakeholders.
Page #4
2.ORIGINS OF THE WORD
ENTREPRENEUR
In common parlance, being an entrepreneur is associated with starting a business, but this is a very loose
application of a term that has a rich history and a much more significant meaning. The term entrepreneur
originated in French economics as early as the 17th and 18th centuries. In French, it means someone who
undertakes , not an undertake in the sense of a funeral director, but someone who undertakes a significant project
or activity. More specifically, it came to be used to identify the venturesome individuals who stimulated economic
progress by finding new and better ways of doing things. The French economist most commonly credited with
giving the term this particular meaning is Jean Baptiste Say. Writing around the turn of the 19th century, Say put it
this way, ìThe entrepreneur shifts economic resources out of an area of lower and into an area of higher
productivity and greater yield.î Entrepreneurs create value.
In the 20th century, the economist most closely associated with the term was Joseph Schumpeter. He described
entrepreneurs as the innovators who drive the creative-destructive process of capitalism. In his words, the
function of entrepreneurs is to reform or revolutionize the pattern of production.î They can do this in many ways:
by exploiting an invention or, more generally, an untried technological possibility for producing a new commodity
or producing an old one in a new way, by opening up a new source of supply of materials or a new outlet for
products, by reorganizing an industry and so on. Schumpeteris entrepreneurs are the change agents in the
economy. By serving new markets or creating new ways of doing things, they move the economy forward.

Page #5
 The ideas of Say,
Schumpeter, 3.Differences between
Drucker, and Business and Social
Stevenson are
attractive because
ENTREPRENEURS
they can be as They describe a mind-set and a kind of behavior that can be manifest anywhere.
easily applied in In a world in which sector boundaries are blurring, this is an advantage. We
the social sector should build our understanding of social entrepreneurship on this strong tradition
as the business of entrepreneurship theory and research. Social entrepreneurs are one species in

sector. the genus entrepreneur. They are entrepreneurs with a social mission. However,
because of this mission, they face some distinctive challenges and any definition
ought to reflect this.
just a means to an end for social entrepreneurs.With business
entrepreneurs, wealth creation is a way of measuring value creation. This is
because business entrepreneurs are subject to market discipline, which
determines in large part whether they are creating value.
Markets are not perfect, but over the long haul, they work reasonably well as a
test of private value creation, specifically the creation of value for customers who
are willing and able to pay. An entrepreneurís ability to attract resources (capital,
labor, equipment, etc.) in a competitive marketplace is a reasonably good
indication that the venture represents a more productive use of these resources
than the alternatives it is competing against. The logic is simple. Entrepreneurs
who can pay the most for resources are typically the ones who can put the
resources to higher valued uses, as determined in the marketplace. Value is
created in business when customers are willing to pay more than it costs to
produce the good or service being sold. The profit (revenue minus costs) that a
venture generates is a reasonably good indicator of the value it has
created. If an entrepreneur cannot convince a sufficient number of customers to
pay an adequate price to generate a profit, this is a strong indication that
insufficient value is being created to justify this use of resources. A re-deployment
of the resources happens naturally because firms that fail to create value cannot
purchase sufficient resources or raise capital. They go out of business. Firms that
create the most economic value have the cash to attract the resources needed to

Page #6

4.DEFINING
SOCIAL
ENTREPREN
EURSHIP
Any definition of social
entrepreneurship should reflect the
need for a substitute for the market
discipline that works for business
entrepreneurs. We cannot assume
that market discipline will
automatically weed out social
ventures that are not effectively and
efficiently utilizing resources.
The following definition combines
an emphasis on discipline and
accountability with the notions
of value creation taken from Say,
innovation and change agents from
Schumpeter, pursuit of opportunity
from Drucker, and resourcefulness
from Stevenson. In brief, this characteristics in different ways
definition can be stated as follows: and to different degrees. The
Social entrepreneurs play the role
of change agents in the social
closer a person gets to satisfying all
these conditions, the more that
sector, by:
• Adopting a mission to create and
person fits the model of a social
entrepreneur. Those who are more
sustain innovative in their work and who
social value (not just private value), create more significant social
improvements will naturally be seen
• Recognizing and relentlessly
as more entrepreneurial. Those who
pursuing new opportunities to serve
are truly Schumpeterian will reform
that mission,
or revolutionize their industries.
• Engaging in a process of Each element in this brief definition
continuous innovation, adaptation, deserves some further elaboration.
and learning, Letís consider each one in turn.
• Acting boldly without being
limited by resources currently in
hand, and
• Exhibiting heightened
accountability to the
constituencies served and for the
outcomes created. This is clearly
an idealized definition. Social
sector leaders will exemplify these
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS: A RARE
BREED
Note: Professor Dees is the Faculty Director ofthe Center for the Advancement of
Social Entrepreneurship at Duke Universityís Fuqua School of Business. At the time
this was written, he was the Miriam and Peter Haas Centennial Professor in Public
Service at Stanfordís Graduate School of Business and an Entrepreneur-In-Residence
with the Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership.

Social entrepreneurship describes a set of behaviors that are exceptional. These behaviors

should be encouraged and rewarded in those who have the capabilities and temperament for
this kind of work. We could use many more of them. Should everyone aspire to be a social

entrepreneur? No. Not every social sector leader is well suited to being entrepreneurial. The
same is true in business. Not every business leader is an entrepreneur in the sense that Say,
Schumpeter, Drucker, and Stevenson had in mind. While we might wish for more
entrepreneurial behavior in both sectors, society has a need for different leadership types and
styles. Social entrepreneurs are one special breed of leader, and they should be recognized as
such. This definition preserves their distinctive status and assures that social entrepreneurship
is not treated lightly. We need social entrepreneurs to help us find new avenues toward social
improvement as we enter the next century.

Exhibiting a heightened sense of accountability to the constituencies served and for the
outcomes created: Because market discipline does not automatically weed out inefficient or
ineffective social ventures, social entrepreneurs take steps to assure they are creating value.
This means that they seek a sound understanding of the constituencies they are serving. They
make sure they have correctly assessed the needs and values of the people they intend to
serve and the communities in which they operate. In some cases, this requires close
connections with those communities. They understand the expectations and values of their
ìinvestors,î including anyone who invests money, time, and/or expertise to help them. They
seek to provide real social improvements to their beneficiaries and their communities, as well
as attractive (social and/or financial) return to their investors. Creating a fit

Engaging in a process of continuous innovation, adaptation, and learning:

Entrepreneurs are innovative. They break new ground, develop new
models, and pioneer new approaches. However, as Schumpeter notes,
innovation can take many forms. It does not require inventing something
wholly new; it can simply involve applying an existing idea in a new way
or to a new situation.

Page #7
II.STARTING A SOCIALLY
ENTREPRENEURIAL
ORGANIZATION

Page #9
Got a business idea that will solve a
social or environmental issue?
A socially entrepreneurial
organization (SEO) takes the
goal of creating social impact to
a new level by using innovative
methods to organize, manage
and measure a venture.


1.The Emerging Field
The idea of social entrepreneurship is not new. The legacy of social
entrepreneurs even reaches back to include historical figures like
Florence Nightengale and Theodore Roosevelt. However, the term
“social entrepreneur” became much more widespread in the 1980s,
and today the movement is picking up more speed than ever. Today’s
social entrepreneurs] have such an opportunity. There are no hard and
fast rules. It’s a whole new kind of hybrid world that brings together the
best of both the for-profit and nonprofit sectors,” said Jerr Boschee,
Executive Director of The Institute for Social Entrepreneurs and Visiting
Professor of the Practice in Social Enterprise at Carnegie Mellon
University.The growth of this movement stems from the realization that
“successful social entrepreneurs possess the same competencies as
traditional business entrepreneurs, such as the abilities to plan
strategically, manage people and programs, and measure results,” said
Chaula Kothari, Director of Teach For America’s Social Entrepreneurship
Initiative. These skills applied to SEOs create stronger, more sustainable
organizations that assess their impact in tangible ways, and with
excellent results. Social Enterprise vs. Social Innovation .In the
emerging world of SEOs, there are near limitless options for
exploration, but two basic directions from which to approach them.
These are social enterprise and social innovation. The differences are
mostly in emphasis and final execution, although both rely on best
practices, measurable results, and a socially-connected bottom line to
drive their organizations. Starting a social enterprise “is not all that
different from starting a business,” said Boschee. A social enterprise is
generally a venture whose ultimate purpose is social good and that
advances and supports its social mission through a revenue generating
mechanism guided by entrepreneurial principles. It does not rely on
fundraising or other more traditional nonprofit areas of revenue. Social
enterprises take many forms and are becoming more and more
prevalent. Hot Bread Kitchen, for example, is a bakery that promotes
independence and growth for immigrant women by creating
professional opportunities for immigrant women as bakers. The bakery
sells various breads and rolls and then uses the profits to pay a
competitive wage to its workers, as well as encourage its employees to
start their own businesses.Social innovators, on the other hand, start
new organizations with the idea of systemic change that they use to
create a sustainable organization. This can lead to organizations with
better practices, more efficient management, and higher impact. While
sometimes social innovators take an existing nonprofit andPage
begin
#9
thinking in new ways to come up with systemic changes, Boschee said,
much social innovation starts from scratch.
Page #8
 2.Source social enterprise
Social innovators fill a societal need not already addressed or take a new approach to meeting a
need that is currently insufficiently addressed. For example, the Education for Democracy
Foundation is a cooperative effort between Polish and American pro-democratic educators to
promote knowledge of democracy and provide skills for civic activity in a democratic state. The
organization gathers groups of between 10-15 volunteers, mainly made up of teachers, who are
taught how to address both specific democratic issues as well as broader civic participation
concerns in a training that takes the course of a year.

Four Steps to Starting a SEO

30% 50% 80% 100%

Clarify Find a Research Understand

objectives balance the field market

Know numbers

Understand at least the basics of managing

the finances, the organization will be working
with. An ambitious vision for your
organization will certainly get to somewhere,
but if we don’t have a clear understanding of
what makes our organization work financially,
we won’t be able to plan strategically or make
complete decisions.

Page #9
3. The Benefits of Building a Social Enterprise
For today's consumers and businesses, social responsibility is a growing priority as concerns about

funding

climate change, international development, and supply chain ethics become a more prominent topic of
international discussion.

In a survey by Social Enterprise UK, 1 in 3 people said they feel ashamed about buying from socially
irresponsible businesses. In another study, 91% of global consumers expected companies to operate
responsibly, and address social and environmental issues

This reflects a shift in consumer awareness about the impact of their purchase decisions. Not only are
businesses being held to a higher standard, but many consumers are holding themselves to a higher

Publications and blogs love to cover social

A company story with a cause at its core
makes consumers feel good about every
purchase they make from you.
enterprises and their impact, helping them to
evangelize their efforts and share their impact.
Press coverage

Mission-based branding Certifications and support

Social enterprises can be eligible for

grants, "impact investing"
opportunities that focus on job
creation and sustainability, and special
certifications such as a Benefit
Corporation status that make it easier
to establish credibility, commit to
transparency, and attract customers,
employees, volunteers, and investors.

Starting your own SEO has some solid steps, but it also takes much more than simply following
any single process. Kothari and Boschee both say there are a few things that transcend the
basic how-to of starting a SEO:

“If you plan to start your own organization, you need to be absolutely committed to and happy
with what you are doing,” Kothari commented. “If you’re not happy to take on the challenges
that come with starting your own organization, you will not do a good job of helping others.”

Boschee agreed, saying “don’t do it unless it is literally the most exciting thing in your life.” A
passion for the mission and the work of an organization is what makes it most successful.
Page #9

Page #10



III.Challenges of
social
entrepreneurship



Lessons in creative
capitalism from the
people at Google.

Recently Google announced it is setting aside

one percent of its profit and equity -- up to $175
million over the next three years -- to “make the
world a better place.” At about the same time, Bill
Gates gave a highly publicized speech to the
World Economic Forum that called for a “creative
capitalism” that uses market forces to fight global
poverty. These are but two of the most visible
examples of a new business strategy called
social entrepreneurialism. It is a strategy that
every business needs to consider to be relevant
to today's complex world.

Social entrepreneurs use cutting-edge, innovative

business methods to promote positive social
change. While profit is still the primary yardstick
for assessing business, social entrepreneurs also
measure the extent to which business makes a
positive impact on society. Traditional nonprofits
and citizen groups have been mainly
distinguished by their benevolent intent. In
contrast, social entrepreneurs stand out by their
pragmatic emphasis on getting results. Perhaps
once it was enough to want to do good. Now it is
necessary to do good in the most effective ways
possible. Social entrepreneurs make a difference
by applying original business strategies to doing
good.

For example, Vikram Akula, the McKinsey

alumnus who founded SKS Microfinance, has
made microloans to villages in India, using
sophisticated finance techniques and profit to
promote social change for poor women. Also,
Ashoka is a nonprofit that uses a social venture
capital approach to support other social
entrepreneurs. Its Changemakers program
employs an open source strategy via an online
platform to instigate “collaborative competitions.”
Just as open source proved to be an ingenious
method for stimulating software development,
now it is used to bring together the best minds to
make a positive difference in the world.

Page #11
 1.Directions in Social Entrepreneurship

In recent years, social entrepreneurs have looked
beyond. he traditional philanthropic and charitable
approaches in order to find more effective and
sustainable solutions to social problems. They are
working with many tools from the world of
business, and this shift in the character of social
entrepreneurship is evident in a few trends that
have emerged over the past twenty years. Many
societies have become less inclined to see big
government or big business as providing solutions
for problems be setting the world, and there has
been a shift from throwing money at large
problems to systemic

solutions and social investment. Across all types of

government there is increased emphasis on
privatization of public services, and

experimentation with for-profit and hybrid forms of

organization to deliver socially important goods and services,
such as education and health care. There is greater scrutiny
of social sector funding, and more attention to issues of
impact, scale, and sustainability with the hopes of increasing
the social return on investment. These trends are creating
major changes in how societies around the world are dealing
with social issues. They are opening the door to new forms
of entrepreneurial behavior in the social sector.

forms of entrepreneurial behavior in the social sector

Page #12
 2.Identifying
change agents
How can we bring the talent and the
passion of social innovators to
government institutions so that
innovations can be rolled out in the
education sector, in the public works
sector, in the health sector, in the housing
sector?

In every single municipal district or federal agency,

there are government employees and elected
officials who really want to affect change and have
an impact. Those are the people social
entrepreneurs need to identify and empower,
because nobody is empowering change agents
within the government. We need to recognize that
government officials face structural and legal
limitations. Many times, legislation does not allow
them to do anything that is not prescribed in the
law or in the budget. So the burden of the proof is
really on the social entrepreneur to be able to
frame the social innovation so that it is absorbable
by the government.

But many social entrepreneurs have biases and

have prejudices, and one of them is not to work
with governments. I think that we all need to be a
little bit more humble and work together, because
right now everybody’s working in a completely
uncoordinated way while the problems get bigger
and bigger. Plus social entrepreneurs have many things to learn from government. And one is scale. If we
are going to deal with drinking water, we have to think at a national level, and we have to think and plan for
the next 20 – 40 years.

This kind of collaboration is an opportunity to create alliances between people who have access to big
budgets but are constrained by the bureaucracy in which they work and people who have the talent and the
ideas and who are free to innovate. How can we bring the talent and the passion of social innovators to
government institutions so that innovations can be rolled out in the education sector, in the public works
sector, in the health sector, in the housing sector?

Page #13
3.The role of business out that in this village or that slum, there
are 5,000 families without insurance – and
the insurance company will do something
And of course, where does business come
about it. We are engaging businesses to
in? What can we learn about successful
use their power to leverage social services
business strategies? And how can we
for their consumers, their clients, and their
convince the business community that
workers. We are seeing businesses talking
profit maximization is not their only game?
to governments about the housing needs
You cannot have a successful clothing
in the slums near their factories. How can
company or a successful manufacturing
we bring the power of leverage that the
company surrounded by slums. This is
business community has to affect social
19th century thinking. Business leaders
change? That is what we need to do in the
need to understand what it means to have
next few years.
a labor force that does not have electricity,
does not have running water, does not
have good schools, does not have There are solutions that are being
sewage, does not have roads, and does implemented all over the world, and with
not have public transportation to come to technology today, it is easy to make the
work every day. invisible visible. How can we all leverage
the existing technologies right now to work
in every single slum and in every rural
We need to change the philosophy that
village where there are these intractable
businesses have about what profit means.
social problems? We have the technology
And I’m very happy to know that there are
and information systems to do this. Today,
many business leaders who are beginning
when a microfinance loan officer walks into
to see that. In Paraguay, we are working
a slum and sees a child who needs a
with dozens of private sector corporations
wheelchair, or a girl who needs dental
who have committed to eliminating poverty
care, or a family that has not vaccinated
affecting all their employees. In making
any of their children, they feel they cannot
that commitment, they are of course drawn
do anything because that is not their
into the rural villages and the urban slums,
business.But we know that poverty has to
and they’re finding that they have
do with more than income. It has to do with
something nobody else has.Businesses
housing and dental care and wheelchairs
have the power of leverage. Businesses
and vaccinations.
can call an insurance company and point
Page #14

v



VI. GREATEST SOCIAL

ENTREPRENEURS
 


Greatest Social Entrepreneurs

BILL DRAYTON
Bill Drayton isn't just a great example of a social entrepreneur,
he actually helped to define and promote the term itself.

MUHAMMAD YUNUS
Bring up social entrepreneurs and one of the first names
you're likely to encounter is that of Muhammad Yunus.

BLAKE MYCOSKIE
TOMS founder Mycoskie makes this list because, unlike many
of these other ventures, almost everyone with an awareness of
pop culture has heard of this social brand.

Page #14
1.ASHOKA: INNOVATORS OF THE
PUBLIC

B I L L D R AY TO N
Bill Drayton isn't just a great example of a social
entrepreneur, Growing up, Bill Drayton was
inspired by Mahatma Gandhi and the Civil Rights
Movement.[5] Drayton wanted to mitigate
income inequality through social
entrepreneurship.[5] Drayton founded Ashoka in
1980. Drayton is the founder and current chair of
Ashoka: Innovators for the Public, an organization
that is dedicated to finding and helping social
entrepreneurs around the world. Drayton spreads
out his social entrepreneurship expertise in other
organizations as well, working as a chairman at
Community Greens, Youth Venture, and Get
America Working! in addition to his duties at
Ashoka. As of 2010, Ashoka Foundation has
sponsored 2,145 fellows in 73 countries, some of which have gone on to develop
leading social businesses that have made a huge impact on communities around the
world.

A S H O K A : I N N O VATO R S O F
THE PUBLIC
Ashoka (branded Ashoka: Innovators of the
Public) is an international organization that
promotes social entrepreneurship by affiliating
individual social entrepreneurs into the Ashoka
organization. Their stated mission is "to shape a
global, entrepreneurial, competitive citizen
sector: one that allows social entrepreneurs to
thrive and enables the world's citizens to think
and act as change makers ».Ashoka identifies
leading social entrepreneurs with solutions to
social problems who seek to make large-scale
changes to society. Ashoka says that more than
80 percent have had their solution implemented
by others; 59 percent have directly affected
national policy; and each Ashoka fellow is
helping an average of 174,000 people.

Page #15
2.YUNUS MUHAMMAD ,THE
FOUNDER OF THE GRAMEEN BANK

Bring up social
entrepreneurs and one of the
first names you're likely to
encounter is that of
Muhammad Yunus
MUHAMMAD YUNUS
is a Bangladeshi social entrepreneur, banker,
economist, and civil society leader who was
awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for founding the
Grameen Bank and pioneering the concepts of
microcredit and microfinance.

Muhammad Yunus has shown himself to be a

leader who has managed to translate visions
into practical action for the benefit of millions of people, not only in Bangladesh, but
also in many other countries. Loans to poor people without any financial security had
appeared to be an impossible idea. From modest beginnings three decades ago, Yunus
has, first and foremost through Grameen Bank, developed micro-credit into an ever
more important instrument in the struggle against poverty.

RECOGNITION
Yunus was the first Bangladeshi to ever get a Nobel Prize. After receiving the news of the
important award, Yunus announced that he would use part of his share of the $1.4
million award money to create a company to make low-cost, high-nutrition food for the
poor; while the rest would go toward setting up an eye hospital for the poor in
Bangladesh.The Congressional Gold Medal is the highest civilian honor bestowed by
the United States Congress. At the ceremony, which you can watch on YouTube, Sen.
Dick Durbin (D-IL) explained why Yunus is such a visionary: "It's been said that almost
anyone can make something complicated. It takes a genius to make something simple.
My friends, make no mistake; Muhammad Yunus is a genius." The gold medal was
awarded to Yunus with the 111th Congress Public Law 253.Yunus is the founder of the
Grameen Bank, an institution that provides microcredit loans to those in need to help
them develop financial self-sufficiency. Founded in 1983, the bank has brought in a net
income of more than $10 million, and his work with the organization landed Yunus a
Nobel Prize in 2006.


Page #16
3.TOMS SHOES

INVESTING IN THE NEXT

G E N E R AT I O N O F
ENTREPRENEURS USING
BUSINESS TO IMPROVE LIVES.
Blake Mycoskie doesn't like to sit still. A serial
entrepreneur, Mycoskie got the idea for his latest
company, Toms Shoes, while on vacation in
Argentina. After spending time in several villages
in which children didn't own shoes, he created a
company -- originally dubbed Shoes for
Tomorrow -- in which helping those kids, and
others like them, is part of the business plan. For
every pair of shoes Toms sells, it donates a new pair
to a child in a developing country. In the four years
since its founding, the Los Angeles-based company,
which has 72 employees, has given away 600,000
pairs of shoes. The company's canvas slip-on shoes
-- the same type it often donates -- now sell for $45
to $85 a pair in upscale retailers such as Nordstrom
and Bergdorf Goodman.

HELPING PEOPLE AND

COMMUNITIES AROUND THE
WORLD TO SUCCEED
The more Toms grows, the less time Mycoskie
seems to spend in the office. He delegates the day-
to-day operation of the company to his
management team. That frees him up to spend
much of his time traveling -- spreading the Toms
gospel, delivering shoes to children in Africa and
South America, and taking fairly lengthy vacations.
When he is not on the road, Mycoskie, 33,
reconnects with employees in quick, focused
meetings and in relaxed afternoons on his sailboat. Mycoskie founded TOMS in 2006
after a visit to Argentina where he learned that many children get sick or injured
because they do not have shoes to wear. To combat this, he created TOMS, a business
that donates one pair of shoes to needy people for every pair that's bought. So far, the
company has donated more than a million pairs of shoes. In 2011, the company
launched another initiative which aims to give away a pair of glasses or sight-saving
surgery for every pair of sunglasses or glasses sold.

Page #17
 SOCIAL
ENTREPRENEURSHIP:
BUILDING THE FIELD
A MODEL FOR REACHING A TIPPING POINT

The entrepreneur sets up a non-profit organization but the model includes some
degree of cost-recovery through the sale of goods and services to a cross section of
institutions, public and private, as well as to target population groups. Often, the
entrepreneur sets up several legal entities to accommodate the earning of an income
and the charitable expenditures in an optimal structure. To be able to sustain the
transformation activities in full and address the needs of clients, who are often poor or
marginalized from society, the entrepreneur must mobilize other sources of funding
from the public and/or philanthropic sectors. Such funds can be in the form of grants
or loans, and even quasi-equity.

Social entrepreneurs are the driving force of Ashoka’s past, present and future. Their
role in Ashoka’s journey has evolved over time. At first, Ashoka set out to identify
social entrepreneurs and showcase their impact and, through this, define the field. At
the time, the term social entrepreneur did not even exist in the public lexic

73% 91%
In this fourth stage Ashoka continues to invest in finding and supporting a
growing number of Ashoka Fellows and bringing them into our expanded
network of change leaders. Together with our Fellows and key ecosystem

. Page #18
GENREAL
INSTRUCTIONS
This activity through which
knowledge (namely, information,
skills, or expertise) is exchanged
among people, friends, students,
communities (for example, ENCG),
or organizations.t For us technology
constitutes only one of the many
factors that affect the sharing of
knowledge in organizations, such as
organizational culture, trust, and
intiatives.

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I L L U S T R AT I V E I M A G E S

S C H E M AT I C
R E P R E S E N TAT I O N
REFERENCES

[1] http://socialentrepreneurshipinfo.com/the-difference-between-social-and-
businessentrepreneurship/#sthash.gVPs2P3f.dpuf
[2] https://www.ashoka.org/social_entrepreneur
[3] http://www.skollfoundation.org/issues/
[4] http://inspired-pragmatism.blogspot.in/2006/09/social-vs-business-
entrepreneurship.html
[5] Austin, Stevenson & Wei-Skillern J 2006,Social and Commercial
Entrepreneurship; same or different both
Entrepreneurship theory & practice 30 (1):1-22
[6] Pacific Business Review, Referred Quarterly Journal, Vol. 2, April – June,
2010.
[7] Entrepreneurship Development, Quarterly Journal, Vol. 7, September
2010.
[8] Desai Vasant / Dynamics of Entrepreneurial Development / Himalaya Pub.
House Mumbai / First Edition /
1998.
[9] Khanka S.S. / Entrepreneurial Development / S. Chand And Co. Ltd. / New
Delhi / First Edition / 2002.
[10] http://www.socialedge.org
[11]ttp://socialtraders.wordpress.com
[12] http://beyondprofit.com
[13] http://economictimes.indiatimes.com
[14] http://www.eksochh.com
[15] http://www.nextbillion.net
[16] http://youthleader.in


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Realized by: Bouchnafa Khalil
Omar El Fakir

Framed by: Mr. Benabdrrazik