Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cmts Cpe Basico
Cmts Cpe Basico
Jesus Barrios
Systems Engineer
H&NMS Latin America
• DOCSIS Overview
• BSR64000 Hardware and Features
• Basic configuration
• Modem registration
• CM5101 HW and Features
• Basic Monitoring and Troubleshooting
• Software Upgrade
• Password Recovery
• Basic IP Networking
Cable Network
DS TV signals
LOCAL
SERVER
Cable
COMBINER
FACILITY OTx
Modem
Termination CMTS Cable Modem
System Termination FIBER
Network Side CABLE DS = >54 MHz
MOD System
TERMINATION
NETWORK
RF Interface
NODE
SPLITTER
Internet Backbone
to RF Interface CM CPE
ORx
OSS COAX
Interface Baseline Privacy
Network
Cable CABLE
(OSSI) Interface (BPI) PLANT
Modem
OPERATIONS SECURITY & Termination
SUPPORT ACCESS US signals System
US = <42 MHz
SERVER CONTROLLER Upstream
RF Interface
Cable Modem to
REMOTE SERVER FACILITY CPE Interface
(CMCI)
• QoS MIBs
• Concatenation
• Fragmentation
• Can DOCSIS 1.0 ,1.1 and 2.0 Modems Used on the Same Upstream Channel?
– Yes.
– Managing 1.0, 1.1 and 2.0 modems on the same upstream channel is a
more complex task for the CMTS
– DOCSIS 2.0 adds enhancements to mixed networks
Guard Time
Preamble Last FEC
Parity Symbol
Mini-Slot Boundary
Ramp Up
Guard
Preamble Codeword 1 Codeword 2 Time
FEC
Data Parity
Time Tick
Downstream Channel
Time
Downstream Channel
Time
Motorola Document Classification, File Name, Rev Number
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office.
All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Ranging
• Determining the CM-CMTS delay
• Must be accurate to 1/2 symbol
• Used to synchronize the upstream transmissions in the
TDMA scheme
CMTS HFC CM
Time-Slot Time-Slot
Upstream Channel
Rng- Rng-
Req Req
Time
Propagation Delay Initial Maintenance
Interval
Motorola Document Classification, File Name, Rev Number
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All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Periodic Ranging
Ongoing ranging performed periodically by CM in Station
Maintenance Interval
– Shorter interval
Time
Motorola Document Classification, File Name, Rev Number
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office.
All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
SID’s
Service ID (DOCSIS)
– provide device identification and class class-of-
service management
– basis for mapping bandwidth and class class-of-
service within a MAC domain all SID must be unique
– one or more SID’s may be assigned to each CM
– negotiated during registration
– 14 bits
SID 1
Mac Addr SID 2
SID 3
CMTS HFC CM
– Unicast
– Multicast
– Broadcast
– Null
• Initialization SID: used by the modem before it has successfully ranged (SID 0)
– Bandwidth:
• SCDMA Trellis-Coded Modulation (TCM) -QPSK, 8-TCM, 16-TCM, 32-TCM, 64-TCM & 128-TCM
– Since Trellis-Coded Modulation use a set of redundant bits, 128-TCM = 64-QAM for
Information Rate
1XN RF Switch
Automatic RF line switchover
RF
RF11 RF
RF22 RF
RF33 RF
RF44 RF
RF1313 Primary Midplane Connection
Secondary Midplane Connection
1x4
1x8
2x8 ATDMA
2x8 DOCSIS 2.0
8x10/100 Ethernet
GIG-E
Monomodo
Multimodo
Legacy CMTS with NO per-flow queuing penalize ALL users in a congestion situation
Output
Forwarder/ Queues
Classifier Scheduler
Queues
Incoming Delivering
Packets Packets
Queues
Forwarder/
Scheduler
Classifier
Incoming Delivering
Packets Packets
Flow BE1
Business Class
SFs (Reserved Flow CIR4
Rate w/ 40%
Overbooking) Flow CIR3
Flow CIR2
Flow CIR1
Voice Class
SFs Flow CBR2
Flow CBR1
10%
(Reserved,
No overbooking) Highest priority
Primary CMTS
Primary CMTS
Primary CMTS
Primary CMTS
Primary CMTS
Primary CMS
Spare CMTS
HSIM
SRM
SRM
C C C C C
M M M M M Standby
T T T T T
S S S S S
Midplane
I/O I/O I/O I/O Passive I/O modules
CMTS1
I/O module
CMTS2
I/O module
CMTS3
I/O module
protect # 2
CMTSspare spare
I/O module
CMTS1
I/O module
CMTS2
I/O module
CMTS3
I/O module
RF Impairment Analysis
Plant Characterization – Maintenance using Advanced Spectrum
Management
The MOTOROLA BSR-64000 2:8 CMTS offers a 9th Receiver
that provides the ability to transparently monitor the entire
Return Path Node (NO THROUGHPUT Loss resulting from
measurement performed)
PowerPC
Net Proc
MAC
Chips
Receivers
9th Receiver
8U
ps
tre
a m
RF
UpConverter
2Q06
2Q06
Motorola Document Classification, File Name, Rev Number 3Q06
3Q06 4Q06
4Q06 1Q07
1Q07 2Q07
2Q07
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All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
BSR 64000 Roadmap
Consumer Entertainment Solutions
BSR 64000
Release 5.0 Release 6.0
FCS: October 2007 FCS: Q4, 2008
• Downstream TX-Flex HW Module M-CMTS Upstream RX-Flex
• 8 RF Ports, 4 QAM channels per port Module
• Hitless RF Redundancy • 8 Physical Port/ 4
• DOCSIS 3.0 Support Channels per Port
• Channel Bonding, Multicast, IPv6- • Hitless RF
ready Redundancy
• TX-Flex Phase 1 Software • DOCSIS 3.0 Support
• Legacy CM Support • Upstream Channel
• 4 DS DOCSIS 3.0 Channel Bonding Bonding,
• No Redundancy Multicast, IPv6,
• MTA Forced Reg on “Protected” 2:8 AES
• IPv6 on HSIM
Release 5.1
FCS: Q2, 2008
• TX-Flex Phase 2 Software
• DOC 3.0 Channel Bonding ++
• TX32 Redundancy
• M-CMTS DOCSIS Core Engine
• IPv6 for CM on SRM
RDN> ?
cable
clear
cmts
…
RDN> en
RDN# ?
copy
debug
delete
…
show users
shows who is currently on the system
BSR2000# show users
Active connections
user group/privilege origin session
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
enabled-user owner/rw console 0*
dao-ro isp/ro 198.112.190.57 1
dao-rw isp/rw 198.112.190.57 2
*unauthenticated* none/ro 198.112.190.201 3
…
logout
owner command to logout other users
BSR2000# logout session-id 2
…
RDN> en
RDN# config
RDN(config)#
…
User EXEC
hostname> enable
Privileged EXEC
logout | exit | ^z
hostname# config
RDN> en?
enable
RDN>en_
RDN>no ?
cable Cable commands
debug Turn on debug information
<ctrl> + p
<ctrl> + b <ctrl> + f
<ctrl> + n
RDN> en
RDN# config
RDN(config)# hostname newhostname
newhostname(config)#
newhostname> en
newhostname # config
newhostname(config)# int ethernet 5/0
newhostname(config-if)# ip address 192.168.100.69 255.255.255.0
newhostname(config-if)# exit
newhostname(config)#
newhostname> en
newhostname# enable password newpassword
newhostname#
newhostname> en
newhostname# service-password encryption
newhostname#
newhostname> en
newhostname # config
newhostname(config)# int loopback 1
newhostname(config-if)# ip address 200.24.3.1 255.255.255.0
newhostname(config-if)# exit
newhostname(config)#
newhostname> en
newhostname# copy run start
newhostname#
RDN> sh ver
…
RDN# sh tech
…
Primary Subnet
CM
CM
CM
DHCP LAN SRM CMTS CM
Relay
Agent
Secondary Subnet
CPE
CPE
CPE
Giaddr CPE
192.168.100.1 for CMs
64.19.172.1 for CPEs
Link Establishment
Link Established
Cable Modem HFC interface line protocol up, not On-line yet
Maintain Station Link using periodic Keep Alives
Link broken if missed 16 Keep Alives
Motorola Document Classification, File Name, Rev Number
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office.
All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
DOCSIS Initialization Process
Registration Response
Contains assigned SID Registration Request
Modem registered Send QoS parameters
Fail if QoS not available Now in allocated slots
or Authentication failed
Baseline Privacy
Head End Interface Cable Modem
Send Public Key
Generate Private KEK Request KEK
Key Encryption Key Decrypt KEK using Public Key
Encrypt KEK by Public Key KEK Life is 7 days
(Configurable 1 to 70 days)
Generate Private TEK Request TEK
Traffic Encryption Key Decrypt TEK using KEK
Encrypt TEK by KEK
TEK Life is 12 hours
(Configurable 30 min. to 7 days)
TOD Server
TFTP Server
UDP port 69
29 (Privacy Enable) =1
LED Function
Flashes during power-on self-test and changes to
POWER solid green
Flashes during channel scan and changes to solid
RECEIVE green
Flashes during upstream ranging and changes to
SEND solid green
Flashes during initial configuration and changes to
ONLINE solid green
On when Ethernet or USB ports active. Flashes to
LINK show activity
On when in Standby mode. All other LEDS except
STANDBY TEL 1 & 2 will be off.
Número Función
Ethernet Port RJ45. For data transfer.
1 Connection to a Hub, Switch or Router
1
Windows only, For data transfer. This port can
2 2 not be used for a Unix, Linux or Mac computer.
• Establish IP Connectivity
• Establish TOD
• Register
• Periodic Ranging
• Data Transmission
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MOTOROLA and the Stylized M Logo are registered in the US Patent & Trademark Office.
All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Find the Downstream
• Scan downstream channels
dhcp(ack) DHCP Ack was received; IP Address was assigned by DHCP Server
online(un) Cable modem is registered, but no enabled data. Failure to verify modem's identity by BPI module
reject(m) Cable modem did attempt to register; registration was refused due to bad mic
reject(c) Cable modem did attempt to register; registration was refused due to bad COS
reject(r) Cable modem did attempt to register; registration was refused due to unavailable resource
online(pk) Cable modem registered; baseline privacy interface (BPI) enabled, and key encription key (KEK) is assigned
online(pt) Cable modem registered; BPI enabled, and traffic encryption key (TEK) is assigned
45-63dBmV
TX
Video Fiber
Signals
RX Coax
0-14dBmV
Trunk
Amp
Cable Tap
Line
Modem
Extender
Splitter
PC or MAC
CM Rx Level: -15dB to +15dB
Home
Subscriber CM Tx Level: Dictated by CMTS
Television
MOT#config
MOT(config)#interface cable 3/0
MOT(config-if)#show cable downstream 0
MOT(config-if)#show cable upstream 0
•HISTORY
•Started 1969
•Adopted 1980 official internet Std.
Presentation
Session
Datalink
Any Physical and Datalaink Layer Protocols such as
Physical Ethernet, PPP, SONET, RF Broadband
0 4 8 16 31
Source IP Address
Destination IP Address
DATA................
0 4 8 16 31
Sequence Number
Acknowledgment Number
DATA................
0 16 31
Length Checksum
Data............
# Bytes 8 6 6 2 Variable 4
Type
Preamble Dest add Source add Data FCS
0800
MAC Address
# Bits 0 4 8 16 31
Version Header Type of
Length Service Total Length
DATA
Motorola Document Classification, File Name, Rev Number
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Understanding Binary
Base2
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 = 255
0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 = 100
32 bits
Class A N H H H /8
255 0 0 0
Class B N N H H /16
255 255 0 0
Class C N N N H /24
N = Network
H = Host
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All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Default Mask Example
Address:
172 16 141 129 /16
Mask:
11111111.11111111 00000000.00000000
255 255 0 0
Network:
172 16 0 0
CLASS A 00000001 1
01111111 127 (loop back)
192.168.10.0 Network
•Each Network Interface Card (NIC) has a unique MAC address.
•The Ethernet segment shares the same Network Address
•Each Host Interface (Computer running the IP Protocol) has a Unique
IP address.
•The MAC address of the receiving station is needed to move the frame
across the Ethernet segment. Mapping must occur between the IP and
MAC addresses.
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All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
PURPOSE
•Obtain the MAC address for the Destination IP host
•MAC Frame Type code (806)
MECHANISM
•ARP Request – Source sends to broadcast address
•ARP Reply – Destination returns it’s MAC address
My IP address
I’ll ignore that, I’ll send an ARP
Broadcast
Not my IP address response
192.168.10.0 Network
What is the
MAC address
of
192.168.10.3?
Unicast to 192.168.10.1
192.168.10.0 Network
My MAC address is
Thanks! 00-00-0e-33-33-33
Now I can send I learned your address
the frame from your broadcast.
Thanks!
172.16.2.2 10.1.1.1
10.6.24.2
E1
172.16.3.10 E0 10.250.8.11
172.16.2.1
172.16.12.12 10.180.30.118
Routing Table
172.16 . 12 . 12 Network Interface
Network Host 172.16.0.0 E0
10.0.0.0 E1
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Determining Available Host Addresses
Network Host
172 16 0 0
N
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
9
10101100 00010000 00000000 00000000 1
00000000 00000001 2
00000000 00000011 3
...
...
...
11111111 11111101 65534
11111111 11111110 65535
11111111 11111111 65536
– 2
2N – 2 = 216 – 2 = 65534 65534
Motorola Document Classification, File Name, Rev Number
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IP Address Classes Exercise
10.2.1.1
128.63.2.100
201.222.5.64
192.6.141.2
130.113.64.16
256.241.201.10
256.241.201.10 Nonexistent
…...
172.16.0.0
ÔNetwork 172.16.0.0
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Addressing with Subnets
172.16.3.0
172.16.4.0
172.16.1.0 172.16.2.0
ÔNetwork 172.16.0.0
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Subnet Addressing
172.16.2.200 172.16.3.5
172.16.3.1
E1
172.16.2.2 E0 172.16.3.100
172.16.2.1
172.16.2.160 172.16.3.150
172.16.2.200 172.16.3.5
172.16.3.1
E1
172.16.2.2 E0 172.16.3.100
172.16.2.1
172.16.2.160 172.16.3.150
IP
Address
172 16 0 0
Network Host
Default
Subnet
Mask
255 255 0 0
11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000
• Also written as “/16,” where 16 represents the number of 1s
in the mask
Network Subnet Host
8-Bit
Subnet 255 255 255 0
Mask
• Also written as “/24,” where 24 represents the number of
1s in the mask
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 128
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 192
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 = 224
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 = 240
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 = 248
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 = 252
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 = 254
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 = 255
Network Host
Network
172 16 0 0
Number
128
192
224
240
248
252
254
255
Network
Number 172 16 2 0
128
192
224
240
248
252
254
255
128
192
224
240
248
252
254
255
Network
Number 172 16 2 128
172.16.2.10 255.255.255.0
10.6.24.20 255.255.240.0
10.30.36.12 255.255.255.0
172.16.3.0
172.16.4.0
172.16.1.0
172.16.3.255 172.16.2.0
(Directed Broadcast)
255.255.255.255
(Local Network Broadcast)
X
172.16.255.255
(All Subnets Broadcast)
172 16 2 160
255.255.255.192 Mask
Subnet 4
Broadcast
First
Last
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Addressing Summary Example
172 16 2 160
Subnet
Broadcast
First
Last
Motorola Document Classification, File Name, Rev Number
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All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. © Motorola, Inc. 2005
Addressing Summary Example
172 16 2 160
Subnet
Broadcast
First
Last 7
Motorola Document Classification, File Name, Rev Number
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Addressing Summary Example
172 16 2 160
10000000 Subnet 4
Broadcast
First
Last
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Addressing Summary Example
172 16 2 160
10000000 Subnet 4
10111111 Broadcast
5
First 6
Last
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Addressing Summary Example
172 16 2 160
10000000 Subnet 4
10111111 Broadcast
5
10000001 First 6
Last
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Addressing Summary Example
172 16 2 160
10000000 Subnet 4
10111111 Broadcast
5
10000001 First 6
10111110 Last 7
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Addressing Summary Example
172 16 2 160
172 16 2 160
20
20 Subnets
Subnets
55 Hosts
Hosts per
per Subnet
Subnet
Class
Class C
C Address:
Address:
192.168.5.0
192.168.5.0
192.168.5.16
Other
Subnets
192.168.5.32 192.168.5.48
201.222.10.60 255.255.255.248
15.16.193.6 255.255.248.0
128.16.32.13 255.255.255.252
153.50.6.27 255.255.255.128