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Explore Content

Aluminum Rollers Steel Axels Wheel Chair Steel Rolle

Steel Diameter Analysis
www.luoyangbearing.com Ads by Google
Roller Bearing Supplier
Top Roller Bearing manufacturer
Roller Bearing from 500-
7500mm(OD)
www.lyxql.com/Roller-Bearing
NSK & RHP Distributor Darby Pipeline Equipment
NSK Ball & Roller Bearings RHP Darby manufactures equipment and
Super Precision Bearings supplies for the Pipeline industry
www.imtpco.com/ www.Darbyequip.com
Using MSS:

S 32 M max Sy
σ
x
=→y 3
=
n π Ds n

32 nM max 32 (3 )( 21.5447 )
∴=Ds 3 = 3 = 0.01191m = 11.91mm
π Sy π ( 390 ×10
6
)
From table A-17 we choose the preferred size of 15mm or 0.015 m

[4.2] Internal Diameter of Aluminum roller

The Aluminum roller rolls around the fixed steel axel by ball bearings. From standard sized 12.5
mm in diameter. Then the internal diameter of aluminum roller being:

Internal D (Al) = 15 mm + 2(12.5mm) = 40 mm

 ( ) ( )

[4.3] Outer Diameter of Aluminum Roller

For the purpose of calculation for the outer diameter of the Aluminum Roller the following
convention was utilized:

F F
b1

a1
T

a2 b2

LR

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The distance a1 can vary which will alter a2, b1, b2 but T will be constant. Thus the following
relations are created:

1. a1 +T+b2 =LR
2. a1 +b1 =L
R
3. a2 +b2 =LR
4. a1 +T = a2
5. b2 + T = b1

The value for a1 will vary between 0.015 m to 0.285 m due to the flange. We will also consider
the deflection at 5 different x positions measured from the left end of the aluminum roller. The
following x values will be used in the deflection equation of the Aluminum rollers:

X= 0.015m
X= 0.300 m
X= 0.500 m
X=0.700 m
X= 0.985 m

It is assumed that the maximum deflection occurs in the middle of the roller. Due to the fact that
we want a maximum deflection of 1 mm occurring in the middle of the roller, the moment of inertia
should be the maximum at this point. The greatest moment of inertia will be selected from the
data collected of a1 varying in between 0.015m and 0.285 m and the x points above. So for every
a1 value there will be five different moment of inertias for the 5 x points.

Using superposition the following deflection equation for twin loads acting downward on a beam
is denoted by:
 ( a− ) ⎡ L
PL
) x ⎦⎥⎤ + 6Pa L⎡ ⎤
2
(L
3 2 3
δ ()x = xa− −+ −−
x
3 2
( La ) x −−
La( ) −+x3 − ( L ax )
2

6 LEI ⎣⎢ La− LEI a⎣⎢ ⎥⎦

Source: [http://mit.edu/course/3/3.11/www/modules/bdisp.pdf]

The first term in the equation is the deflection at any point on the beam due to the load on the left
and the second term is the deflection of the beam due to the load on the right.

Modeling the equation by our criteria of the a1 and b2 (different values) we achieve:

F1 F2

a1 T b2

a2

b1

LR

We will only analyze deflection from the x-y origin till L(mm) value.

By substituting:

•a1 +T+b2 =LR

•a1 +b1 =L
R
•a2 +b2 =LR
•a1 +T = a2
•b2 +T=b1

The deflection equation can be modified to:

( aR −
FL ) ⎡ LR 2 ⎤ Fb2 ⎡ LR 3 ⎤
δ ()x = 1
⎢⎣ b1 xa− 1 −+x3 ( LR 2 − bx
1
2
) ⎥+ ⎢ xa− 2 −+x3 (L R
2
2 ) ⎥
− bx2

6 LREI ⎦ 6 LR EI b⎣ 2 ⎦
Solving for I (inertia) we get:

Fb1 ⎡ LR 3 ⎤ Fb2 ⎡ LR 3 ⎤
6 LE
⎢ xa− 1
−−x 3 (L R
2
1 ) ⎥
− bx2
+ ⎢ xa− 2
−+x 3 (L R
2
− bx2 2 ) ⎥
I=
Ral ⎣ b1 ⎦ 6 LE
R al ⎣ b2 ⎦
δ ()x

Where E (al) = 70 GPA. By using the internal diameter as the product of the cold rolled steel axel
and the bearings as 0.040 m, the outer diameter of the aluminum roller was calculated from the
different values of Inertia. Some of the results are below, the rest can be found in the Appendix.
Roller Bearing Supplier NSK & RHP Distributor FAG Koyo NSK NTN Bearings
Top Roller Bearing manufacturer NSK Ball & Roller Bearings RHP Automotive and Industrial Bearings
Roller Bearing from 500- Super Precision Bearings Supplier (Singapore)
7500mm(OD) www.imtpco.com/ www.intoncorp.com
www.lyxql.com/Roller-Bearing

A useful tool was to plot the Inertia (m4) values with the a1 values (m ) to see at what location of
the wheel chair the maximum moment of inertia is required to limit the def lection to 1 mm.

a1 vs. I_required for 1mm deflection

0.00000008

0.00000007

0.00000006

0.00000005
d
e
ri
u
q
0.00000004
e
r
I_

0.00000003

0.00000002

0.00000001

0
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3
a1
a1 vs. I_x=0.015 a1 vs. I_x=L/2 a1 vs. I_x=0.985
a1 vs. I x=0.300 a1 vs. I x=0.700

From the chart it can be inferred that the maximum inertia lies between a1 of 0.1m and 0.3m. The
desired I value at a1 (m) and location x(m) was:

a1 = 0.150 m
x= 0.500 m
– 18 4
I= Imax = 6.77874 x 10 m

Keeping the internal diameter constant at 0.04 m, the value for outer diameter follows the same
trend as moment of inertia:

a1 vs Outer Diameter d_o required

 0.045

0.0445

0.044

0.0435

0.043

0.0425
o
_
d
0.042

0.0415

0.041

0.0405

0.04

0.0395
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3
a1
a1 vs. d_o_x=0.015 a1 vs. d_o_x=0.300 a1 vs. d_o_x=L/2
a1 vs. d_o_x=0.700 a1 vs. d_o_x=0.985

I equation for Moment of inertia:

I =
π
(Do 4
− Di 4 )
64
⎛ 64 I ⎞
Do = ⎜ + Di 4 ⎟
⎝ π ⎠
The value of outer diameter of the Aluminum roller at I = 6.77874 x 10e-18 m^4 is 0.044556 m
calculated from the moment of inertia of a circular cross section. From table A-17 the outer
Diameter is selected to be 46 mm for the purpose of availability.

[4.4] Significant stresses:

The maximum moment and maximum shear force ( from the moment diagrams in section 4.1) are
55.2989 N.m and 331.4568 N.

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from table 3-2

for hollow thin walled shaft:
2V 2 (331.4568 )
τ
max
== = 3.751MPa
A ⎛π 2 ⎞
⎜ 4 ( 0.015 ) ⎟
⎝ ⎠
 ⎝ ⎠
⎛ Dal ,o ⎞ ⎛ 0.046 ⎞
M max ⎜ ⎟ 55.2989 ⎜ ⎟
σ =
Mcmax
= ⎝ 2 ⎠ = ⎝ 2 ⎠ = 13.513MPa
x
I π π

64
(D al ,o
4
− Dal ,i 4 )
64
( 0.046 0.040
4
− 4
)
2
σ +σ y ⎛ σ −σ y ⎞ 13.513 +
0 ⎛ 13.513 −0 ⎞
2

σ
1
= x
+ ⎜ x ⎟ +=τ
2
+ ⎜ ⎟ + 3.751 14.484
2
= MPa
2 ⎝ 2 ⎠ 2 ⎝ 2 ⎠
2
σ +σ y ⎛ σ −σ y ⎞ 13.513 +
0 ⎛ 13.513 −0 ⎞
2

σ
2
= x
− ⎜ x ⎟ +=τ
2
− ⎜ ⎟ + 3.751 =− 0.971MPa
2

2 ⎝ 2 ⎠ 2 ⎝ 2 ⎠

[4.5] Conclusion:

The above analysis utilizes the worst case scenarios of deflection of the Aluminum roller with the
steel axel. However values can change if the roller and axel are surface machined or heat
treated. The contact stresses of the ball bearings with the axel and roller are ignored since they
do not propagate throughout the roller bar. The final values of significant stresses are:

The final choice of Aluminum and Steel axle Diameters are:

MACHINE1PROJ
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