HINDI

1. केट: अाज इतनी अाितशबाजी ूँ है?

2. किनका: ूंक दवाल का याैहार अाने वाला है ◌ै|

3. केट: वह कब है ?

4. किनका : वह परसाें है|

5. केट: उसमें ा करते हैं|

6. किनका : सब मलकर पटाखे जलाते हैं अाैर दए भी जलाते हैं|

ENGLISH

1. KATE : Why are there so many fireworks today?

2. KANIKA: Because the festival of Diwali is coming soon.

3. KATE: When is it?

4. KANIKA: It's the day after tomorrow.

5. KATE: What do people do for it?

6. KANIKA: Everyone lights fireworks together and also lamps.

ROMANIZATION

CONT'D OVER

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1. KATE: aaj itni aatishbaaji kyun hai?

2. KANIKA: kyunki diwaali ka tyohaar aane waala hai

3. KATE: vah kab hai?

4. KANIKA: vah parson hai

5. KATE: usmein kya karte hain?

6. KANIKA: sab milkar patakhe jalate hain aur diye bhi jalate hain

VOCABULARY

Hindi R omanization English C lass Ge nde r

about to come /
अाने वाला है aane vaala hai is coming up

इतनी iTnii this much adjective

दवाल Divaalii Diwali noun feminine

याैहार Tyohaar festival noun

कब kab when adverb n/a

together

मलकर milkar (conjugated adverb

verb in Hindi).

दए Diye lamps noun

fireworks,
पटाखे patakhe crackers noun

SAMPLE SENTENCES
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इतनी ़यादा अावाज़ कहाँ से अा रही है?
iTNii zyaaDaa aavaaz kahaan Se aa rahii hai?
Where is all this noise coming from?
वह इतनी थक गयी थी क वह ठक से
चल भी नहीं पा रही थी |
vah iTnii thakk gayi thi ki vah theek se chal bhi
nahi paa rahi thi

She was so tired that she couldn't even

walk properly.

दवाल अाितशबाजी का याेहार है| दवाल क शभकामनाये!

Divaalii aaTiSHbaajii kaa Tyohaar hai Divaalii kii SHuBHkamnaaen!

Diwali is a festival of fireworks. Happy Diwali!

याैहार के दन हम नए कपड़े पहनते हैं अापका जदन कब है?

अाैर मठाइयाँ बनाते हैं | aapkaa janm Din kab hai?

Tyohaar ke Din ham naye kapde pahanTe hain When is your birthday?
aur mithaaiyaan banaTe hain

We wear new clothes and make sweets on

festivals.

अापसे मलकर एेसा लगा जैसे मैं मैंने उसकाे उधार में दाे हज़ार पये दए

अापकाे कब से जानती ँ | |
aapse milkar aisa laga jaise main aapko kab se maine usko udhar mein Do hazaar rupye Diya
jaanTii hoon
I lend him 2000 rupees.
When I met you, it seemed like I'd known
you for a long time.

बे पटाखे जला के इतने खश हाे रहे हैं क वह नाच रहे हैं |
bachhe pataakhe jala ke iTne khush ho rahe hain ki vah naach rahe hain

The kids are so happy lighting fireworks that they are dancing.

VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE

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इतनी iTii means "so many." The meaning itself says "many," so this word is used for plural
subjects. It changes forms according to the gender of the noun. For feminine nouns, we use
itni. It becomes itne for masculine nouns. For example, "color" is a masculine noun. So we'll
say itne rang, which means "so many colors."

अाने वाल ा है aane vaala hai means "about to come." This phrase is used for singular
masculine subjects. To use it for singular feminine subjects, it becomes अाने वाल है aane

vaali hai. For plural masculine subjects, we say अाने वाले हैं aane vaale hain, and for plural

feminine subjects, we say अाने वाल हैं aane vaali hain.

For example, we could say नयी फ अाने वाल है nayii film aane vaali hai, which means, "A

new movie is about to come."

GRAMMAR

The Focus of this Lesson is the Usage of "when" in Hindi.

वह कब है ?
Vah kab hai?
"When is it?"

Interrogative sentences generally start with k because question words begin with the k sound.
For example, kyun, kab, kahaan, kaise, kaun, and kiska.

The question word for "when" is कब kab, and the question word is always stressed.

The usage of कब kab is very similar to "when" in English. For example, in तम कब मलाेगे ?

Tum kab miloge?, Tum means "you," kab means "when," and miloge means "will meet." So it
becomes "you when will meet" and translates as, "When will you meet?"

तमने यह कब खरदा? Tumne yah kab khareeDa? means, "When did you buy this?" Here tum
means "you," and ne is a postposition used with subject noun phrases, usually with the verbs
in the past tense." Yah means "this," kab means "when," and khariida means "bought." So it
becomes "you this when bought" and translates as, "When did you buy this?"

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तमने यह कब खरदा? Tumne yah kab khareeDa. There is always a rise in the intonation on
the question word.

"When is your birthday?" in Hindi would be तहारा जदन कब है? Tumhaara janmDin kab

hai?

Similarly, "When will you go to Japan?" would be तम जापान कब जाअाेगी? Tum jaapan kab

jaaogii?

तहारा दाेत कब अाएगा ? Tumhara Dost kab aayega? would be "When will your friend
come?"

The question word kab can also be used as an adverb. This word can be reduplicated to
show intensity and distribution. For example, we could say यह दवाई कब कब खानी है| yah

Dawaaii kab kab khaani hai?, which means, "When should I take these medicines?"

Examples from this Dialogue

1. वह कब है ?
Vah kab hai?
"When is it?"

CULTURAL INSIGHT

Popular Festivals in India

India is a land of festivals! There is a variety of festivals to attend during the year. Each one
brings its own colors and festivities. It's a celebration of culture and tradition. One of the key
festivals celebrated all across India is Diwali, also called the "Festival of Lights." Lighting
candles, lamps, and fireworks are the main highlights of Diwali. This festival also represents
the victory of good over evil per the Hindu mythology.

Another important festival is Holi, which is commonly known as the "Festival of Colors." For

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this festival, people throw colored powder and water all over each other to welcome spring,
since spring is usually full of colors.

Dussehra is another festival celebrated all over India. It celebrates the defeat of the demon
king Ravana by Lord Rama. In eastern India, the festival is observed as Durga Puja.

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