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Бонев, Ч. - Праславянските Племена 01
Бонев, Ч. - Праславянските Племена 01
$%! &" #!
! "
I ()
• 2007
CHAVDAR BONEV
THE PROTO-SLAVIC
TRIBES
PART ONE (A)
Sofia • 2007
&
!
"
! I ()
• 2007
© '
ISBN 978–954–9493–08–5
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
-1.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
-3.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
-4.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
-1. ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
-2. "# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
-3. $% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
-3-2. %$% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
-3-3. $%$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
-3-4. %$% (
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
-4-1. &, &$'%, &$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
-4-2. &*, $&*, *%&* (%&"*), &/ . . . . . . . 46
-5-1. &0, &0, &0, 6#&0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
-5-2. &*0, &'0* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
-5-3. '&0', $&'07 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
-5-4. &0/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
-6-1. &9, &9, &9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
-6-2. 0&9, 0&'9:-/&97 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
-6-3. $&9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
-6-5. &9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
-7-1. # &!() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
-7-2. # &!(), #&! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
-7-3. # &! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
-7-4. !&!'% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
-7-5. # #! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
5
-7-6. # &!#, &!#, &!# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
-7-7. # &!, &'!, &!, &!", &!, &!$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
-7-8. ?
@
. &! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
-7-9. &!, &! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
-7-10. &!', &!9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
-7-11. &! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
-7-12. $&!, /&0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
-7-13. $&!, /&!7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
-7-14. "&!, "'&! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
-7-15. "&: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
-7-16. &A!7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
-7-17. &!, &!(&), &7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
-7-18. '&'!7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
-7-19. &!#$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
-7-20. &!#, &!#, &!#9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
-7-21. #! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
-7-22. #!' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
-7-23. 0#! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
-8-1. 9!#, 9!#, 0#! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
-9-1. ()/& (0
B
0C$,
0C$) . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
-9-2. /& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
-9-3. /&7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
-9-4. /& (
) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
-10-1. /#, /#, $"&$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
-10-2. /#, ?#* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
-10-3. /# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
-10-4. /#$, /#D$, /#D$%#9! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
-10-5. /#E, $/# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
-10-6. /#, /#, /# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
-10-7. "/# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
-10-8. !/# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
-10-9. /#"#, /## . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
-11-1. ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
-11-2. /! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
-11-3. "! ("''0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
-11-4. "*!7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
-11-5. "0& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
-12-1. & . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
-12-2. , $ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
6
-12-3. $, $:, $:, $ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
-12-4. # . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
-13-1. #0, #0$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
-13-2. #0'E (#0C'E), #0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
-13-3. #097 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
-14-1. #$ ($#E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
-14-2. #$, #$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
-14-3. #$. #* (#) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
-15-1. #, '#'#'$, 9'# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
-15-2. #, #, #7%, #:, #F'D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
-15-3. #, #7:' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
-15-4. $#& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
-15-5. $#&'! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
-15-6. #E, # . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
-16-1. #%, #%'!, #%, "#% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
-16-2. #%, #E$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
-16-3. 0#% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
-17-1. #!$, #!$'%, #$! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
-17-2. #!:, "#! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
-18-1. #!#, #!# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
-18-2. "#!#, '#!#* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
-19-1. %9, %9, %9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
-19-2. 0%9, $%9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
-20. %$, %$, %$# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
II-21-1. %!, %!#, %!#0C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
-21-2. %!/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
-21-3. %! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
-21-4. %! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
-22-1. !#, '!'# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
-22-2. !# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
-22-3. !#, '!#, '!#7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
-22-4. 0!#-!!# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
-22-5. '!#-!# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
-22-6. $!#-$'!# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
The Proto-Slavic Tribes (résumé) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
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(F
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FÖ“ [<?U, @, 191] – 1111 ".
?
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: GALTA, GALTAV, GOLTA, GOLTAV,
GOLTAVA, GOLTOVA.
ALTA
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(, , ): 1. KA-ALTA > KALTA > GALTA; 2. GALTA > GOLTA
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+
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+
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+
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(F
, F
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+
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($).
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(
), &U (Celtae) = +
%+
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[Script. Hist. Aug., 6, 2; U, @, 65]. #
, +
&U, +% "
#
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%
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%
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<-
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,
: „&
$ ? &
? & # (Quid equarum
Celticarum),
"
%?“ [Script. Hist. Aug., 9, 5; 6; U,
@, 66–67]. (
%
+
(Celtae).
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,
= Z-
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/ , "
+
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== ,
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)=
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K"+
%, . . "
+
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<+
=
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!=
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%
% ' %
(270–275) .
K!
&
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+
% != " ".
* %
". F -= () " # -
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%:
1. D = (Auha)
Aluta
=+
"-
$
"
. <
L
U
%
U: LU > U, T
H.
+ + Z
+
Aluta [Iord. Get., 74].
2. GALT(IS) !
%
. % #-
+
"
! ( ) F (Galt), =
-
– W
" (Ungra), =
" – W" (Ugra). ?
-
Noilgiant (1211), =
-
, Noialt
(1222), Galt (1325), Ugra (1733) [Busuioc. Câra, II, 102, not. 246].
?%
% Z
" Galtis,
&U. '="
K!
%, " #
-
, :
1. Kalatha (1256) –
. . & (Călata),
&=! [DIR, C, II, 17; DRH, C,
X, 37, 302]
2. Kald (1332) –
. . F (Galda),
=
, . # .
< = Z
%
&U,
%
@V
. #
, +
"%
@V
.: Golthescytha, Thiudos, Inaunxis, Vasinabroncas, Merens, Mordens,
Imniscaris, Rogas, Tadzans, Athaul, Nauego, Bubegenas, Coldas [Iord. Get., 116;
%
Golthescytha
!. ('<(, @, 150–151, #. 180–181]. ?+
=
+
=
!
%
.
.
, %
""
. ? =+ %
"
Coldas ()
% -
%
&U (
"
&U –
!.
=) +
-. (# !
%
:
69
1. /
COLD(AS)
+
KALTI: KA-
ALTA > KALTI > KALDI > KOLDI.
2. <
$
!
%
"%
! #
% ,
, !
%
="-
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+
. ? =+ % +
%
-
K!
&
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# %#
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. )
)=
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%
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$
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=
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+
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<
=
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#
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) =
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#-
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%#
#
&= = ".
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,
FU':
1. '
F – ?% )=$
70
2. Galad (1446 ".) –
+
3. Geled (1177 ".)
4. Gladova (1332 ".),
. &
5. Ghilad – !
)=$
6. < Glad,
. F +, (#
[Pop, I.-A. Românii, 119].
(% , +
!
%
FU'.
%
=
" %, "
!
%
%
% . = # -
! =" $
–
-
,
&U.
/
+
# #
: KALTI > GALTI (
. GALTIS
) >
GALDI > GLADI; KALTI > KALDI > KLADI (
. &
). ?!
"=
%
&U-FU'
#
@V–V@
.
%
+
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=
(&
, F
). ?
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=-
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1.
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#-
=
+
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-" K(A): K(A)-ALT(A) > KALTI.
+
‘! ( , ) ( ) ( )’. <
-
+ &U (> FU, Galtis = Z
)
-
%
% +
#%"
. W
" (W" , F ).
2. (
%
%
+
% , % # - #
– "
#
+
%
% . ?%
+ &U
"
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+
( ),
" -
% ' %.
3. &U # &D<, #
+
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<
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.
%
= ' % '
)-
%
%
%
=+
" ",
$ <# .
4. %
"
%
=% 249–250 ".
"
K"+
% %
&U
#
#
.
5. <
!= " " $
!
71
50- "
, 262 267–268 ". <
=
-
=+
&U,
! ! $
%.
7. ( "%
%
%
' %
#
$
%
+
%
-#!
. ? =
(
. )=
%, D=
)
D=# )
)
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")
!
Z -
&U'.
8. < @V–V
.
%
K!
% %
"-
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%
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!=
%
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9. ?%
&U
!
.
.
<
%
– 'D, <F.
10. ?
+
@
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&= = " =
% =
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% #
#-
" =
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%
FU' #
+
-
# ( )
?
.
11. <
%
.
(
@ (893–927)
%
= -
#
=
" (M
).
%
FU' #
+
-
=
" !
.
-7-13.
, &
+
?
+
%,
"
-
% ' %,
"=
KOLT:
1. Kwlthy (1429) –
. Coltău (
. &
), . ) =$ [DHR, D,
I, 170]
2. Kolt (Kult) – +
, . [DIR, C, IV, 56]
3. Kolto, Coltău –
. Catălina, . ( = ) .
/ KOLT
KALT(A) > KĂLT(A) > KOLT(A).
%
"
% +
+
ALT(A) > OLT(A).
#
+ (
) &U,
= % "
.
D= #%
=
". F+
<
%!
: „= F+L “ – 1071 ". [<?U, @, 116].
72
GOLOTIČ
-ESK.
"
%
%
-
-IČI. ? =+ %
GOLOT. % !
KOLT: KOLT > GOLT > GOLOT (!
). (
!
= + &U,
V@–V@@
.
+
#
-IČI.
"= &U
"
%, !
" , -
" "
+
. '
. ##
%
FUM
" F+. F-
+ #
<UM ( <) 'DW (
'=) –
( ).
U
". &
%
?EM,
. [-
, . . ?. ., 143]. =+
KOLT
-ESK.
" ! #
"= &U,
! ?EM
. / GOLT +
– F
, F
,
%
U-WU,
( ) (
!. -
").
-7-14.
,
=+
+
+
ALT(A)
-" V(A)-: V(A)-ALT(A) > VALT(A). *
+
‘!-
(
) U()’. (
. ?
(Vltava),
# (U # )
M%. '#
-AVA.
+-
, "! ,
%
?U . ( ).
! # #%
,
% ( )-( ) = Z-
%
": „? (%
", + # % " += .
% +
# , "-
" % "% '=
, – /UWW*(
(Flutausis), #
"
!,
=
%
“ [Iord. Get., 33; U, @, 336].
D
"" : „?+
'=
. / =
(Flautasis) "
. (
%
" Z
+
% “ [Geogr. Rav., IV, 14; U, @, 398]. <-"
%
#%
, + . ( )
"
!= " ".
D+
Flutausis-Flautasis %
-ausis,
%
Nemausos-Nîmes (/
%). -
!
"$
–
+
#=
F. "
# # ALUTAUSIS, +
"
%
#
%
-
+
ALUTA. '="
!
FLUTAU-S-IS #
"!
%
%
+
-AV(A). -
! #
V-LUT-AV(A) V > F. =+
73
-" V(A),
LUTA ( ALUTA
+
, -
#
LATA),
ALT(A)
-AVA. <
ALT(A)
%
: VA-ALT(A)-AVA > VALTAVA >
VLATAVA > VLOTAVA > VLUTAVA (> FLUTAV-) VALTAVA > VOLTAVA >
VLOTAVA > VLUTAVA.
&
,
?U
( ), "
# +
%:
1. . Feldwar (1322), Földwar, . Marienburg,
. Feldioara –
% #%"
. , /" $, . $
[Busuioc, Cărta, II, 41]. "-
%
! . föld ‘%’, war ‘" , ’.
2. '=" / (Feldioara) –
% #%"
. ,
" +
,
=
% , . $
.
3. Vilzendorff (1340), Fela,
. Floreşti,
("$ ,
F%-
,
. / Vilzen
?U|,
%
?U
<# .
*
Föld (Fâld), Feld
=
"
! -
%
%
: VALT-VELT > VALD-VELD > FALD-FELD.
<
=
#
=
" .
+
%
?U ! # -
"
+
( ),
%
=+ !=
% ?-
"$
% "=
. . $
.
+
,
,
&U. "! ,
,
!
,
"
+
. <
?U # =
?U (?U). ?%
+
% #%"
%#
#
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=
. <
"
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.
+
%
. (
#!
" # -
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+
%
<# # ?U. <
@–@
. %
+
.
?U-?U, -
% – ?U| UKM.
-
= &
< (@@
.). <
+
( % +
: „... #!
?
%
(ÏšÝëôáé),
%
,
#
“ [Ptol., III, 5, 10; ('<(, @, 50–51].
<
: „ ( %
" "
–
(ÏšåíÝäáé)
% ?
...“ [Ptol., III, 5, 7]
? !
?
%
,
&.
<, %
?U, "! ,
– ! # +
=
? . '
%
-?U #
74
(
&. <
, +
@@
. ?U-?U "
#!, -
. "=
?-?' #
+
@
.
%
+-
(
!. = @@-11-3).
?U
?U, + !
!-
%
#%
!=
%
+
-
. <
@–
.
:
VELETABI, VELATABI, VUELITABI, WLOTABI [Nied. Sl. st., @@@, 132–134]. ? -
+
+
, + ?U
!
,
"
+ ?U|. ?
&
? = ?U| 789 ". #
%
, !
#"
,
#
%
+ ?U (
?U),
?U| – „quae propria lingua veletabi, francica autem
Wilti vocantur“ [Einh. Ann. a. 789]. <#
#%
="
: „sclavis,
qui nostra consultudine Wilzi, proprie vero, id est sua locatione Weletabi dicuntur“ [Vita
Car., XII].
*
!
"
,
%
=-
. < "
%
%
vel- ‘"%’. ( #
+
-et = #
‘
’.
*
%
%
= Ä
ALT(A).
KALTI-
KELTI (Geled), LATA-LETA (Letec),
%
. / VELTI
-
-
. <
# # VLETI –
" # +
.
VLTAVA, Flutausis (Z
) =
% =
WLOTABI. *
%
%#
# +
#
. *
$
-
AL-LA (OL-LO)
"
A > O, ALUTA (<
ALOTA < ALATA < ALTA) OLT (< ALTA). +
WLOTABI
-"
#
%
FLUTAUSIS
(Z
).
'="
– VUELITABI
=% E > I
"
:
VELETABI > VELITABI.
#%
! #
-
"=
+
– LITAVA.
/ VELETABI =+
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!
0231),
$ – ÂÜóêïí [Proc.
De aed., IV, 11; 6, 447]. 6
ASKA -
- VA (. , ): VA-ASKA > VASKA > VASK(ON). ^
: ‘
() 2’. (
. %
$ '
,
. ^ (2
) 2.
5.
2
! 6
2
-
!, . . , Z
. $ 2
6
,
! – 2
!. 2
,
! $ (' )
! (
).
^ 2
‘ , #
’ [&!, 0.
6
, 244],
$.
k!
0 –
: 1) 2 –
. 2 , ; 2) 2 –
. 2 $, 2
; 3)
2 –
208
. f , 2
; 4) 2%j –
-
, . < ( ), [#!
, . , 88, 321, 327];
5) 2// –
- ; 6) C 2
–
; 7) 2-06 – 0! , 2
% !.
% sakar
‘, ’, !
. 3
,
+, 2
,
-
ASKA
SKA. (
-
2
2 $
!
.
2 ,
,
-
+
–
AS > SA
. ( -
,
!,
ASKA > SAKA.
26036 (Óêáéâüáé) – 25036/ 26-
036 (Óõêáâüáé) (!. - ).
(
SAKAR
ASKA
-
-AR: ASKA-AR > ASKAR > SAKAR. 2
2,
.
ASKAR >
SAKAR
(8–V .).
2
ASKA
-AR
ASKA-ESKA-ISKA-ISKAR.
$
-AR. 6
,
-AR
ASTA
(ASTAR)
2
!
(!. 88-21-1).
(
Z
SKA
ASKA
(
).
1. (
26-26036. 2 '-
(V8 . . '.)
2+
(
: „2 (Óêásïé): !
'“ [FGH, I, fr. 182].
2
: „6
$
. 1:
2 (Óêásïé), 2 (Óêáé’ò), 2 (Óêáé’í) 2
(Óêáéás ðýëáé)“ [Strab., XIII, 1, 21; 6, 227].
(88 .): „
. ( !
, , !$
'. j$ !
!
“
[Polyaen., VII, 22; 6, 347]. 6
:
Óêáéâoáé, Óõêáâoáé.
(
' 2
,
26
.
!
, !
SKA (!. -
). 3
!
-
: 26036 (Óêáéâüáé) 25036 (Óõêáâüáé).
(SKAI)
(A)BO. !
210
2. 26 (ÓêÜñåò) [Proc. De aed., IV, 4, 1–3; 6, 437] –
-
,
. 1 (1#).
, !
ASKA-SKA,
2
( (
).
2
:
1. 2 .
2. 2
(ÓêÜìáíäñïò) – ,
.
. 0
– 21. 1
: 1) SKAMA; 2) ANDROS. ^
! !
–
SKA
-AMA.
APA ‘ , ’.
3. /
216} (Ascania) (
,
.
1. 6 !
ASKA
-AN(I). 6
!,
26
. 6
$
2I (Óêásïò)
[Detsch. Spr., 454].
26/-26 !
-
:
1. 1-
26/
. 2 (2 $)
2.
! . 2, '/032 (
) -
.
$
2 –
2^
2676.
2. -
– 26, 26036.
26/-26 !
0/066/.
(
!
!$-$. 26-26
/0/16 Z
.
(
.
3.
V . . '. 26/ Z
3 $ .
4. (
8V . . '.
$ & 88 (359–336 . . '.)
'
, 06f/,
.
. } .
5.
8V–8 . . '.
26/
' – 206} 525% (2%).
-
$
. ! ,
' ,
. .
. (
#
-
$ 8V . . '. () [!#, *.
, 1–116]. % ,
$
!
2I26/ . 2
, ! $
.
3261C –
.
6. ^
26/
$ f
72–71 . . '. ^
I
: „3 f Z ,
, ,
$,
5,
“ [Iord. Rom., 219–222;
211
6, 427]. 6
!, 5
26/,
$
.
7.
46 . . '.
3
( ) $
$ . (
26/.
2
$ '
888 . $
Z
$. 1
26/ – 525%. 2
.
!
$
; !
. ,
,
, , ! .
-
“ [Strab., VII, 6, 1; 6, 216].
„6
(
. 2
,
-
!
,
-
#
6
. 1 (
! -
(EÁóôáß), ;
&,
,
-
“ [Strab., VII, 6, 2; 6, 217].
„2 $
0
“ [Strab., VII, fr. 48; 6, 224].
2: „(
(Anthium),
. :
, k, , 3
; :
, ' ,
%
,
%
, &
,
0 + [...] 1
0
,
$,
212
$
...“ [Plin. N. h., IV, 11, 40–
50; 6, 266].
: „...
(EÁóôéêÞ)“ [Ptol., III, 11, 6; 6, 353].
I
: „ #
,
-!
.
!
,
$ $
(Astici)“ [Iord. Rom., 219–222; 6, 427].
2
26/
-
:
1. O2O%6^5 (Ostudizo, Ostidizo, Ostodizo) [It. Ant., 137, 4; 230, 9; f606,
I, 29, 33, 35].
8V .
1 (Nicae) [It. Burd., 569, 1;
f606, I, 41]. (
ÌéêñN Írêáéá (1$) –
.
'+, Z!
3
, ! /
$.
6 : 1. OSTU (OSTO, OSTI); 2. DIZA.
ASTA.
DIZA
( ),
! ' ,
, Z-
26.
1. ASTA-DIZA > ASTIDIZA > OSTIDIZA; 2. ASTA-DIZA > ASTODIZA >
OSTODIZA; 3. OSTODIZA > OSTUDIZA.
+
ASTADIZA
ASTIDIZA. ^
: ‘
26/’.
2. 32&. . : „(#
: ... 3+
(IÏó-ôáöïò)...“ [Ptol., III, 11, 7; 6, 353].
!
,
!
,
-
26. 6
ASTA
A > O ( 323%6^5 32). ( !
$
P > F.
OSTAP(A), APA
‘ , ’.
(
26/,
-
26 26,
!
: 3
0 (
) -
(2
). 3
$
%
(
!) 06f/ ( 2
). 2
Z
26%6^ (3 -
).
/
(/
),
. 3
$
-
# 06^1631 Z!
0 .
-
06^ (
(
,
. (
),
Z
2f6%/232
/
.
! !,
26/
-
2
!. 3
!
, -
0 + . 1-
-
%. 2
!
(88–888 .)
213
2/I2
(Asticus mons) [Tab. Peut., VIII, 5], . .
26/.
( C
!
26 $ Póôïß ‘!-
,
!’; 26 –
Tóôéêç ‘’ – Tóôõ
[
!, 0. . ., 67].
2, 26
ASTA ‘, -
’, !
0 .
+ -
$
: ASTA > ĂSTA > OSTA > USTA. -
2%6^-323%6^5, A > O
$ 88–
888 .
$ : . , .
¹ñòà, . ,
. usta, .,
. , . ¹ñòà, . usta,
.
usta,
. usta, . wusta, . husta [%
, &. 2}, 8V, 146]. (! ,
U,
$
-
V (
, ,
!#).
-
$:
as-, ãsan, ãsyam ‘’; aosta ‘’;
austo ‘’.
+ ASTA.
1
,
<
,
ASTA ‘, ’
. 2 !
V888–V88 . . '. <
. 2
214
: „2 !
,
.
,
,
-
“ [Pind., IV, 203–206; 6, 16]. 3
+
$
! $ .
3
, . .
26/.
' – „5
“ –
+
$
–
. f
,
„ “,
. 3
-
! -
0 + – 2 C – -
' ,
+
.
ASTA
#
-
.
26, 626,
2 (!. - ), ! :
1. 32 (ÊïÜóôá) – (
[Acta SS Maii, 4, 320; Detsch.
Spr., 248]. 6
ASTA - -KA (> KO)
(. . ; . , ): KO-ASTA > KOASTA. ^
: ‘() 2’, .
. .
2. 2/232 (Óåóôoò, Sestos) –
' -
,
-
'
(%
).
!
-
. 06%32
.
2: „2
, # # “
[Scyl., 67; 6, 119].
: „... 2 ,
!
...“ [Ps. Scymn., 680; 6, 144].
2
: „
2,
,
2“ [Strab., VII, fr. 56; 6, 225].
!
„
“
-
.
ASTA -
SA (. , ): SA-ASTA > SASTA > SESTA, $ + SESTOS. ^
:
‘() 2’, . . . !
!
. C
3 -
6 [Hom. Il., 836]. (
V88 .
-
$ - f .
480 . 2-
,
.
3. ( 0 +
'/26} [Polyb., IV, 39 ; 6, 136]. (
!-
$
+
ASTA
$
.
1
ASTA !
– 26. 2
$ + 26
(EÁóôéêç). 3
Asticus mons – /
/
.
-
215
! !
+
ASKA
26/.
ASKA
-AR (ASKAR),
– ASKAR (> SAKAR).
^ ASTA
-AR ASTAR. 2
#
(Asticus mons,
. 2
-
!). 1
+ ASTAR
-
$,
,
!
#
-
– 21%j. $
+
2167 –
-ICA -DŽA (CA), ČA (ÇA). C.
! .
21, 211, 21167 (
-
) [@, . 2
!, 7].
:
1. 1
+ ASTAR (ASTRA –
-AR > -RA)
-NA : ASTARNA-ASTRANA
2. 6
A – ASTRANA>STRANA
3. %
-ICA : STRANICA
4. $
+
-DŽA (-CA) : STRANDŽA
(. İstranca).
3
Z
. 1
+ ASTAR
–
-
. (
ASTRANA-STRANA
(V88–V888 .), STRANICA –
(8'–'8V .), #
STRANDŽA 'V–'V8 .
(
$
-
ASTA ASTAR !
. 2
$
$
(V88 . . '.) $
0323,
6I26 0323 (ÈñXêïò Âoóðïñïò),
-
$.
(
!
26/ -
! :
1. 26
2 (2),
. 0 + .
.
. %/f (
%/f).
(05^6, 626)
(!. - ),
26/.
2. < 26/
-
. %
. 2 (EÁóôáêoò, Astacum, EÏóôáêoò).
!
, Z!
'
, -
$
(
. 2
(
)
2
+ 3.
26/
, -
1 (
.
6
).
216
(
32 (EÏóôáêoò)
A > O,
323%6^5.
f
& -
%. % !
$ –óôáêïò ‘ ’. & -
ASTAK
ASTA
-AK.
-
ASTAKI.
3.
26/ ( . %/f)
Z
! /
– ! <-
2
. $, !
,
$
$
$
V88 . . '. $
!
26/
$
–
, 2-
, , 0
, 2 .
-
26/ -#
2
(2
!).
$
06^.
4.
V . . '. 26/ Z
3 $ . (
V
8V . 2 8 (424–407), 8
(407–386) 8 (383–359)
Z,
-
$ '
.
5. 3
8V . . '.,
-
$ & 88,
#, 3 $
.
-
#
. 06f/ 2%6^ (3 -
) !
#
. 0
-
#
.
.
(
26/
-
. 1 !
#
-
$ .
6.
188 . . '. 26/
-
C
(
.
72–
71 . . '.
$ f
-
Z ,
, 26/,
$
5. 3
26/,
.
7. (
8 . . '. 3 ( ) $
-
#
. !
46 ., $ -
. 1
$ Z
26/. 2 +
888
8V .
26/
!
$ '-
/ .
8. 2
+
$
-
AST(A)
.
EÁóôé-êoóçò, Äéæ-Üóôçò [Detsch.
Spr., 32].
217
-21-2. +
2
$
Z!
'
8 . . '.
,
(
)
!
! .
$
$
46 .
-
, . . 26/. f
!,
!
. (
0/26
26/. (
%
-
261C6/ –
.
88 .
$
$ %.
. (161–180 . . '.)
!
2
%
% – .
.
-
. 2
,
,
261C6/. %
: „
(IÁóôéããïé)
(‘ÑOïò) (‘ÑÜðôïò) #
%
!, -
$
Z
.
!
,
!
$,
!
(ô§í Êïóôïõâþêùí). 2 ,
%
. f
,
-
#
,
,
. ,
Z
.
-
,
,
Z .
[Dio Cass., LXXI, 12, 1–3; Izvoare, I, 700–701]. 2.
-
%
170–172 .
261C6/
,
40- 50- -
888 .
$
. I
3 – #
:
„1
, 3
%
#
. ^
, &
%$... (3 -
– . .)
,
$,
+ 261C6
(Astringis), 6 –
,
!
#
“ [Iord. Get., 90–92; f606, 8,
340].
C36 /(616 - . -
3 C
$
.
-
,
.
#-
218
251 .
. %$.
3 , 251 .
2
% (270–275 .),
.
( (306–337)
!
. I
: „j !
-
, (C,
– . .)
(
,
,
(qui Asdingorum stirpe),
-
. 2
-
%
3
#
#
, .
,
! , , ,
C C,
.
,
,
,
Z 6,
%
. %
-
,
C,
,
-
,
!
,
(
,
,
.
C,
, -
,
,
.
-
, , !
,
!
!,
,
-
60
-
!
!-
$“ [Iord. Get., 113–115; Izvoare, II, 424–427].
%
I
-
Z
261C6/ [!. Schmidt, L. Wand., 7–9].
1.
170 . 261C6/,
, -
% 2. .
$. %
,
!,
!
261C6/ 323036/.
-
$
$ %
-
! (!. . ). (
!
,
,
-
323036/
Z,
.
%
2
C$.
261C6/,
Z
323036/,
#
$ %.
f61C6/. ,
-
2. .
. (
%
261C6/
(1%f23 .
2. I
–
-
(1%f6/
!
(6^6,
C. 2 I
(
8V .) (1%f6/ -
219
%. -
C/6%6/.
1
(1%f6/
(#),
, C C (#), . .
^
.
3. I
261C6/ (261C6)
+,
,
,
3
-21-3. +
220
6 !
+ ASTI > ĂSTI > OSTI
ASTI-
$.
A > O
-21-4. +
221
-22-1. +, +
222
3. IATRA-IETAR –
+ $
A E
4. ENTRA –
ETRA
5. ANDRA –
ATRA T > D
: ATRA >
ANTRA > ANDRA (> ONDRA)
6. ENDRA –
ETRA T > D
: ETRA >
ENTRA > ENDRA (> INDRA)
7. ENTRABA –
+
ENTRIBI –
ABA (< APA ‘ , ’)
8. ADRABA
+
ADRABI (ADRABAIKAMPI)
(. , 88 .) – -ABA
9. IANTRA –
IATRA
.
3
Z
:
1. (
,
Z
!
IANTRA,
-
( V .).
2. 5
+
.
3.
$
!
-
(88–8 . . '.).
4. (
-ABA (ENTRABA ADRABA) -
+ ATRA-APA (ATRAPA-ETRAPA).
5. & IANTRA,
!,
-
–
!
( V .).
(
!
ANDRA, ENDRA, ADRABA, !-
T > D,
,
.
7. %
A-E, !
A. 1
/
#
}1-I/.
& Latris (2
!
) Latron (
+)
!
#
– L . I,
+.
-22-2. +
1-
}
+
ATRI-ETRI.
2
:
1. ' ( . 540–478 . . '.)
2+
(
:
„/
(IÅíôñéâáé) . ' (
) (
)
/ “ [Steph. Byz., 271, 12; Detsch. Spr., 166].
1
!
ATRA. (. C -
!
223
trb, trib, treb ‘ ’ [
. 0/3, 94]. ENTRIBA
: 1.
ENTR(A); 2. IBA. #
#
+, ENTRA
-
+ ETRA
. (
-
-ABA (-APA ‘ , ’).
! (/f/06
(!. II-7-14),
606,
. . -
: -ABA > -EBA > -IBA. 1
ENTRABI,
ENTRABA. 2
' -
,
V8 . . '.
ATRA (ENTRABA)
ENTRABI (ENTRIBI).
2. !
-
, -
(88 .). ( ,
2
%
: „... C
, -
, -
%
(’ÁäñáâáéêÜìðïé); '
,
-
!
$ f
, !
– – %
...“ [Ptol., II, 11, 11; Izvoare, I, 534–535].
C C !
. <# ; f
–
. 2
%066/
%
. 2
,
.
6 ADRABIKAMPI : 1. ADRABI; 2. KAMPI. ( -
. (KAMP),
%
.
ADRABI
ADRABA,
ADRA -
-ABA (< APA ‘ , ’).
ATRABA ( T > D) – -
ATRA. & ATRABA
ENTRABA
-
' .
3
%06 (06)
8 .
88 .
2
%
,
. . 2
! ,
$ 06 88 . /106/ (/1606) V8–V . . '. -
!
.
2
06-/106
-
. . #,
}
,
. 2 C C
# C %
#. -
+
'V–'V88 .:
#,
# (1430),
#,
# (1618),
#-
(. . #, 1638),
#- (. . #, 'V88
.), #, # (1573),
#- (
, #, 1618).
2 I. ^
+
*Ö!", . *òðýáåæü
‘
’ òðýá¸ò¸ ‘
, , ’. &
– . tîrîm ‘ ’ beş ‘
’ beş ‘’
[$!, . #, 445].
TRAMBEŠ !
+ ATRABA
-EŠ
: ATRABA > ATRANBA >
224
TRAMBA-EŠ > TRAMBEŠ > TRÂMBEŠ. 2
. 2
+
(
-
) ATRABA –
ATRABA-ATRABI.
0 ( #)
06/ (/106).
(
!
50/j
%
+ 0/4
06.
ATRA-ATRI !
}
– (( )
. & TRNOVO (TRNOV)
ATAR-ATRA /TAR
– -NA -OV(O)
: ATAR-NA > ATARNA > TARNA > TARNA-OV >
TARNOV(O) > TRNOV. 1 7$
-
. (
!
6/
(1).
6/-/6 !
-
:
1. 6/ +
( )
$.
Z
(
).
: 06/ (
-
) 0 (
#); 6/ #$
. . #;
6 (C31%6), %6 (6), (6 (!. . +).
2.
V8–8V . . '. 6/
! ' 6. !
.
26/,
–
6/.
8V . . '.
6/ -
!
#
$. %
-
. 0 . 2
}
,
0
( #),
6/.
-
!
$
6/. :
,
,
-
. %
: ÊÏ ÔÏÕÏÓ ÅÎÂÅÏ, ÊÏ Ô ÕÏÓ ÅÂÅÏ
['@, +. 2 , 65–78].
1-
: „(!
)
(
!) 0 .“ 2 -
$ 8 (383–359 . . '.).
-
#
6/. %
,
8,
(($), -
(!
$),
$ !"
(
1Cf6/)
.
, f # (-
26/). ^ 8
!
. 3
!
(Z
)
#
-
($)
! ' 6. 2
60f6/, 26/, C/6/-
1Cf6 6/.
!
$
;
',
“ [Arr., I, 4; 6, 303]. %
Z
$
888 (
6/.
4.
8 . . '.
–
-
'
#
#
.
29–28 . . '.
. f. 6^6/,
Z
6/ – 6/. (
%
,
(
)
.
(
!
6/,
.
5. ( 15 . . '. ! ' %
! ,
!
. 6/
-
%
. 3 ,
-
6,
,
-
!
.
6. 6
!,
06/
-
.
88 .
!
C (
. <# ) %
–
.
%06-06 !
. . 3%( (Odrava) –
. /C/ (. 3! – Ogře),
/f0 (f0). 3%(
<#
. 6
ATRA: ATRA > ADRA >
ODRA,
-AVA > ODRAVA.
7. 3% (ODER)
2
. (
–
6.
. 16
– C & (!. -
). 3
$ 6 !
,
3%
0 . #
- ,
+ ATRA. (
-
226
ATRA > ADRA > ODRA
– .
GONDRI KINDRI. 2+
(
%1/, %/1/ (EÁäñÜíç, EÁäñÞíç) ! EÁäñçíásïò
[Steph. Byz., 27, 14; Detsch. Spr., 6].
+
ODRA-ODER ('–'8 .)
!
ATRA: Adora [Widuk.,
I, 23]; Odara, Oddora [Adam., IV, 13]. (
ADORA (
-
ATRA.
Oddora, Odara 0
#
A > O. (
-ARA, -ORA
ATRA,
AR-RA: IETERUS, ETÂR (< ETAR), IETAR. 2.
+ ODER.
(
Odagra, Odogra [Ann. Fuld. a. 892]
!
ODRA-ODER.
ODAGRA-
ODOGRA
-
+ -
, . . ODARA-ODORA, $
,
G. ( + ODAGRA !
!
- OD (AT ?, . )
AGRA.
AGRA < ANGR(OS),
. 0 .
-
3%C
C
8 . . '.
$ C6 (!. . +).
%
0
!,
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NITRANI –
-ANI.
Nitrani,
. Nytracsehi,
. Cehince.
-22-6. +-+
The present study offers an alternative view regarding two substantial issues of
early Eastern European history:
1. The origin of Slavic peoples
2. The cultural-linguistic character and the historical destiny of Thracian ethnic
groups.
The commonly accepted today main thesis, according to which the Slavic people
originated from the Pre-Carpathian region, is commented on in the preamble. Thus the
Slavic people were supposed to form as an entity during 2nd-1st millennium B.C. in the
lands of nowadays Southern Poland and Northwestern Ukraine.
The author noted different variations of this thesis that developed in the 19th and
th
the 20 centuries. Many different inconsistencies and controversies were spotted, espe-
cially when researchers used linguistic and archaeological data for explaining the stages
of the ethno-genetic process of the Slavs in the Pre-Carpathian lands. The old thesis of
the Balkan-Danubian origin of the Slavs that was widely spread in the Slavic countries
historiographies between 12th and 19th centuries is also brought up.
One focus of the research is based on the text of the chronicle Povest Vremennih
Let representing the exodus of the Slavs from the Danube region as result of the Roman
conquest. This text is considered as an authentic and reliable historical source which
brings to light the imposition of Roman rule over the Thracian lands: Moesia (15, A.D.),
Thrace (45, A.D.) and Dacia (106, A.D.). Furthermore, this Roman conquest caused
the migration of the Thracian population to the North – to the region between Baltic
Sea and the Carpathian Mountains, to the East – to the region between rivers Dnepr and
Dnestr; and to the West – along the valley of the river Tisza. This migration happened
on two stages:
1. At the beginning of the 1st century A.D. from the lands South of the Danube
river.
234
2. At the beginning of the 2nd century A.D. from the Dacian lands.
The author developed a new methodological scheme for research on the prob-
lem. According to this alternative methodology, the understanding of the origin of the
Slavs and the migration of the Thracians needs a revision of enormous historical data,
concerning the ethnic structure of the East European landscape during the Antiquity
and the Middle Ages. Thus the author formulates the main concepts germane to the
establishment of a wide academic program for further research on the above mentioned
topics.
A specific place is dedicated to concrete analysis of the parallels between the
Thracian culture from the Pre-Roman era and the early Slav culture of the 6th-8th centu-
ries – settlements, homes, burial rituals, and ceramics. Once again, a separate paragraph
deals with the methodology of this specific analysis.
The main goal of this research is to clarify the migration process from the Bal-
kan-Carpathian lands during the 1st and 2nd centuries A.D. As a condition sine qua non
for the understanding of the stages of this process is the detailed reconstruction of the
tribal structure of the proto-Slavic (or Thracian) territories during the pre-Roman Era.
The historical sources used for the research have various origins:
• Written sources (narrative, documental, epigraphic)
• Toponymic
• Cartographic
• Archaeological
• Ethnologic
• Dialectological
A clear definition is proposed for the usage of terms as Proto-Slavs, Proto-Slavic
Period (Era), Proto-Slavic language.
* * *
The chapter The Tribes is focused on the reconstruction of diverse tribal struc-
tures and their historical destiny. The paragraphs that deal with every separate tribe are
organized as “nests” – on the basis of the linguistic origin of the tribal names. They
follow alphabetical order. The present volume comprises the tribes and the related names
starting with the letter A.
The first paragraph form Chapter Two The Tribes is dedicated to the Thracian
tribe ABANTES of the island of EUBEA, and a thorough analysis of its name is of-
fered.
A formation of a tribe called ALBAKI in the region of two lakes in the Danube
River Delta is revealed, as well as this tribe’s migration to Dacia (ALBOKENSII).
The formation of the tribe called AXI (SAXI) is located in the valley of the river
AXUS (AXIOPA), nowadays Cara-su in Northern Dobrudja. This tribe is believed to
be identical with the ethnic name SAXI, quoted by Stephanus Byzantinus. The hypoth-
235
esis offered suggests that after the migration caused by the Roman invasion the tribe
SAXI reached the embouchure of Elba River. There the SAXI tribe mixed with the
local population and undertook a process of germanization, but the tribal name re-
mained.
The valley of the river Barlad in nowadays Southern Moldova was the region of
the tribal formation of the ALDI-ALDANI. Their migration Northward was associated
with the early-Slavic tribe LJADI in today Southeastern Poland and the Polabian tribe
KOLEDICHI.
Another unknown from the existing sources tribe – ALMI – is located in the
valley of the river Lom (Northern Bulgaria), the ancient ALMUS. Inheritor of the mi-
grated to the North ALMI was the Polabian tribe DALEMINCI-GLOMACHI. A corre-
lation with the origins of the German tribe ALEMANI is also suggested.
Another paragraph deals with the analysis of the forms of the river name OLT
(nowadays Eastern Romania). New and unknown variations of the name are mentioned,
together with the chronology of their appearance. Based on this toponymic name, other
tribal names had emerged: ALTI, ALTINI, OLTENI. Linked to them is the origin of the
east Slavic tribal name ULTINI. The valley of the river OLT has been also the region of
the tribes KALTI and PALTI. Their migration after the Roman invasion of Dacia is
mapped out. Heirs of the PALTI were the people from the east Slavic tribe POLOCHANI.
Another tribe from the valley of OLT was VALTI (VELTI). Part of them migrated to the
North during the 2nd c. A.D. and thus instigated the origin of the tribes under the names
of VELTI-VELETABI-VILTZI (LJUTICHI) along the coast of the Baltic Sea.
The valley of OLT was most probably also the land of origin of the Polabian tribe
NELETICHI. The variation of the river name ARUTA is connected to tribal formations
known as RUTI-RUTENI, DRUTI.
The author proposes another view for the origin of the Slavic tribe ABODRITI.
They are considered to be the inheritors of the Dacian tribe AMOTRI from the valley of
the present day river Motru in Oltenia. The relocation of the Southern wing of the
ABODRITI is also studied.
The name of region along both sides of the Danube River delta – A(N)GLA – is
reconstructed on the basis of a group of toponyms in existence from the 1st century B.C.
to the 19th century A.D. The history of the Gaetaen tribe ANGLI is correlated to the
early Slavic tribe UGLICHI. The author formulates the hypothesis that part of the
ANGLI, together with the neighboring tribe of the SAXI reached the Elba River delta
and there they gave the origin of the German tribe ANGLI.
The origin of the tribal name AGRIANI form the upper Struma river is linked to
the name of the river ANGROS, identical with nowadays Bulgarian Morava river. The
migration of the AGRI to the North is traced to the territories of today Poland. The
name of the river ANGROS is also connected with the origin of the tribal name VAGRI,
known form 10th-12th centuries in the region of Lubek along the North Sea coast. Same
hypothesis is formulated for the tribe TAGRI and the German tribe ANGRIVARII.
236
The formation of the proto-Slavic - and also early Slavic – tribal formation ANTI
in the region between the rivers Dnepr and Dnester is dated between 1st and 6th centuries
A.D. The Proto-Slavonic formation of the GANTI is located in the lower Tisza River.
This study focuses also on the formation of the Northern Proto-Slavic tribes VANTI
(VENEDI) in the 1st-2nd c. A.D. The VANTI are connected with the East-Slavic name
VJATICHI and the German tribal formation VANDALI.
The names of the tribes NAPI, KAPI (KAPANTZI) are considered to derive from
the Proto-Slavic root APA, meaning water, river. The tribe APIARI was located along
the river Topchiiska, affluent to the Danube River in the region of Russe in nowadays
Northern Bulgaria.
The tribes with the same name wee located along the valley of the river ARDECH
(nowadays Arge).
Toponimic data allow the reconstruction of the names of tribal formations such
as ARKI, ARKANI, ARKARI (ARGARAGANTI) along the river ARKA (Caraş in
nowadays Banat). Traces of their migration northward were tracked down in the Baltic
Sea island of Rugen.
Successors of these migrants were the Slavs form the tribe RUGIANI (RUJANI,
RANI) with center ARKONA.
The antique ARPESSOS is identical with the upper river Arda in the Rhodopes
Mountains. The Arda valley was populated by the tribe of ARPI. Their heirs are con-
sidered to be the RUPTZI – ethnographical group from the same region. Related to the
ARPI were the tribes KORPILI and KARBALETI. Traces from the migration of the
ARPI are discovered in the region of the Northern Carpathian Mountains, nowadays
Poland.
The territory of the tribe ARSI is marked around the river RASINA (region of
Niš, today Eastern Serbia). A proof for their migration is Claudius Ptolemaius’ testimony
(2nd c. A.D.) about the tribe ARSIETI in the lands of nowadays Poland. During the
Middle Ages on the lands of the ARSI developed the Serbian region (zhupa) RASHKA.
The tribe ARTAKI was located in the valley of the river ARTANES, (today Cherni
Lom, affluent to the Danube River, Northern Bulgaria). The author traces their migra-
tion to Dacia, where Claudius Ptolemaius again had spotted the name RATAKENSII.
Evidences from the ARTAKI migration are known along the middle Danube River and
in the Eastern Slavic lands.
The tribe ARTARI was located in the valley of the river ARCHAR (affluent to
the Danube River, today Northern Bulgaria). A branch of this tribe was known under
the name of VRATARI. Successors of the ARTARI were the people of the Polabian
tribe of RATARI. The author supposes that the tribe NERTIRJANI (between the rivers
Elba and Rhein) also took its origins from the valley of the river ARCHAR.
The banks of the ASAMUS River (today Osam, affluent to the Danube River,
Northern Bulgaria) were inhabited by the tribe ASAMI. In the region of the Sakar
Mountain (Southern Bulgaria) the name of the river ASKA was discovered, together
with the tribal name ASKI (SKAI, SIKABOI).
237
The name of the tribe ASTI is believed to derive from the possible Proto-Slavic
name of the straight of the Bosporus – ASTA (mouth). The tribe PIASTI was a branch
of the ASTI. Another hypothesis is suggested – that the origins of the German tribe
ASTINGI were connected to the migrated ASTI people who settled down between the
rivers VISLA and ODER.
The author has reconstructed variations of the name of the river ATRA (today
Yantra, affluent to the Danube River, Northern Bulgaria). The valley if this river was
the tribal territory of the ATRI (ENTRIBI, ADRABI), their center was ATRABA (nowa-
days Polski Trambech). There are evidences for the migration of ATRI towards the
region of the Middle Danube River valley, today Slovakia, and towards the river Oder
(today Eastern Germany). Another wing of the same tribe is discovered under the name
of PATRI and its migration to the eastern Carpathian region is trailed. The ATRI had
another branch – the tribe of DATRI which relocated to the nowadays TATRI moun-
tains in Slovakia. The last branch of the ATRI are the NETRI, and the KATRI, located
along the valley of the river NITRA (today Slovakia).
238
–
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239
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IV, 2000, 85–116.
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248
249
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$ 154, 192 229, 231-233
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, 100, 101, 105
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90, 96-122, 133, 159, 195, 205 ' 12, 13, 21
- 122 ' 190
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135 134, 148, 153, 154, 195, 201
40, 43, 134, 135 ' 211
137 ' 187, 189
passim ' 22, 113, 125, 184, 187, 207, 211, 218,
167 220
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! 163, 164 ' 125
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! 178 '! 162
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194 120, 127, 166, 230
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- 192
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226 +, 73-75, 78, 81
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207, 211, 216, 217 151, 153-161, 163, 171, 220, 227
250
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+ 76 / 129, 130
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+ 199 / 129, 130
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+ 76, 78, 81, 224 : 14, 22, 31, 32, 64, 116, 118, 131, 132,
+, 37, 73, 75-78, 90, 121, 133, 155, 142, 152, 156, 201
159 : 155, 156
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/ 179 111
251
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164
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(Nordalbingi) 47, 48
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218, 219
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! 121
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86 " 192
160 165, 167
() 83 74, 155
252
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=!- 185
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164 =!- 83, 84
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14, 163 =!- 83
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, 190, 193
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66 195
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167 145, 147-156, 171, 227
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72 >"- 21
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139 >, ! 209
> 162
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= 197, 198 226
= 199 >- 116
=, 55, 200, 201, 202, 203 >, &, passim
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=! 40, 121 >; 161, 174
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=!, !& 179, 180 >! 95, 155, 198, 224
253
>! 28, 154, 155 ?$ 12, 13
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113 ? 65-67
133, 134, 231 ?! 100
$ 146, 147, 151, 152, 218, 220 ?! 141
225, 231, 233
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135 @ 148, 149, 153, 154
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232 @ 16, 39, 40, 75, 91
" 150 @# 180
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188
94, 133, 142 D 39, 40, 134
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12-14, 16, 17, 22, 27, 42, 108, 109, 113, D 153, 162
123, 126, 128, 139, 188, 191, 209, 212, 213, D"!! 56, 57, 130, 219
226 D! 68, 141, 156
" 95 D! 40, 134
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204, 206, 226 D 149, 153, 227
34 D! 100, 136, 141, 152, 153, 160, 171, 179
! 65 D* 160
! 213
. 40, 121 E 37, 76, 121
?, , ! 65, 66, 95, 97, 103, 105, F# 63, 113, 142, 143
120, 121 F#-" 156
? 161 F#-" 142, 143
254
//=@>
255
Palatha, Palota 80 (EÁãñéNíçò, ) 124, 169
Petris 229 < (Agriş) 124, 131-134
Płota, Płock 79 <! (Agrişu) 131
Polabia 46 (Ad Aquas) 149, 155, 229
Polabia 46 " 34
Prouxa 96 ;H (!) 109, 116, 205, 225
Radama 174 ;! 231
Retra, Rethra 201 (IÁäéíá) 93
Salmuris 115 , (EÁäñÜíç, EÁäñÞíç) 59, 60,
Slata 76 77, 227
Suinum 76 , 169, 171, 207, 211, 212
Sussex 43 " 113, 123, 160
Szaszvolkany (Volkany), Wolkendorf, . (Aquae) 86, 90, 177, 178, 210
Vulkan 77 , Aklibal 103, 105
Teterow 232 214, 215
Tibiscos-Timi 87 38, 39
Tomiswar 30 (’Áîé’ò, Axius, Axios, +) 29-35,
Tsernoksi 30 52, 125
Ulmetum 53 (IÁîåéíïò ðüíôïò) 29
Ulmo 53 (Axiopa) 29-32, 39
Ultinsium vicus 58 (Axiopolis) 29, 30, 165
Unggesztenyés (Iglincz, Linci), ? 96 43-48
Vâlcan (Vulcan) 97 () 44, 45, 48
Várpalota 80 < 34
Villa Vilkani, villa Volkani 77 (Albona) 45
Vilzendorff, Fela, . Floreşti 74, 77 44, 45, 171
Wessex 43 49-52
Wideniz 76 (IÁëäáíåò) 49
Wiltaburg 76 48, 49
Wiltshire 76 o 126, 181
Witenberg 76 109, 205, 206, 225
Wlkow, . Valeni 77 99
Zombor (Sombor) 89 !" 97, 98, 105
(Aliobrix) 95, 105, 120
27, 139, 140 " (Almus mons, –ñïò ôé EÁëìNí), .
27 @!< 52
! 88 " (") . 202
215 " (Dalmana) 52, 54
203 " (’ÁëìÞíç ðüëéò) 52
! (=#) 68, 219 "! (Almus) 52, 55, 57, 100
123 135, 136, 156, 160
% 91, 178 46
, (Á¡ñáò) 57, 58, 95 !", Altina (EÁëôçíþí) 58, 65
! (Agalingus) . 97, 98, 149, 154-156 !, Aluta fl. () 44, 61, 63, 68, 69
<, A<! 131 H (H, H, H, ) 58, 63, 65,
, !" 99 66
256
" (Amutrium) 86, 90 / (<) 114, 150-152, 175-178,
"! (Amutria) 86 180
"! (’Áìïýôñéïí) 86, 202 (Arcani) 177
"!, " (IÁìõôñïí ðoëéò) 86 (Arky) 177
121 , (Arcidava) 114, 116, 150,
46, 92, 107, 112 166, 175, 177, 178
, (IÁããñïò), '*
(’ Áñêßííá) 176, 202
122-125, 128-135, 191, 194, 195, 227 (’ ÁñêïâÜäáñá) 176
124, 132, 133, 161 178, 180, 181
! 123 ! (’ Áñêï™íåò) 177
!& 229 !< (Arcuş) 177
212 -< 184, 187-189
146, 175 , 190
(Antiana) . ' *% 139 < 189, 190
!" (Anthium) 139, 212 < () 190
(Apus) 176 (IÁñóá) 190-194, 208
(), . . 166, 168 #, (IÁñóáæá) 190, 191
(Áððßáñá) 168 (IÁñóåíá) 190, 191
&, Appiaria, ÁððÝñåéá 167 (EÁñóoíéïí) 192, 193
(Appion) 166 (EÁñôÜêç, Artace) 197, 199
& (>#) 113, 114, 139, 212, 213, (IÁñôáêçò) 170
217 & (Artacia) 196-199
(IÁøéíèïò) 188 (IÁñôáêïò) 170
187 (EÁñôÜíç, Artane) 197
!, ! (Appulus) 163 (EÁñôÜíçò) 195-197, 199
!!" (. E&) 60, 163, 164 , 201, 202
! (Apus) 166 (fl. d’Arte) 170
170 (IÁñôçóêïò) 49, 169, 181
" 116 & (EÁñôõíßá) 197
"!" 115 ! 59-61
(’ Áñãáíoêéëé) 177 ! (Arutela) 60
, 114 , 200, 202
(IÁñãéäáõá) 108, 116, 175 " . 203-206
() 49, 169, 174, 181-183, 186, 207 "! (Asamus, . *") 203, 222
-" 174 (Asbolodina) 93
-< (;<) 174 #, #, # (IÁóãáñæïò) 207,
& 182, 183 208, 211
< ((Arge, ;<) 114, 170, 171, 172, , # (’ Áóãßæïõò) 207, 208, 211
173 (" !) 205
(campus Ardienses) 169 38
# (. >#) 207, 208, 210 (>) 208, 210, 211
#!" (!") 192 & (Ascania) 211
# (), Arsia fl. 192 (>) 210, 211
# (#) 208 " 204, 206
< . 45 , (. '$) 212, 216, 221
, , . 210 # (#!") 213, 214, 217
258
' 122, 123 +, + (+) 195, 203
'& 162 +& 15, 86, 139, 197, 211
'!; 32 +< 126
'!; 92 +< 208
'!#*! (
!) 172 + (+) 50
'! 49 +& 205
'!!& 123 +< 57, 58, 171, 172
'!" 53 + 50
'! (. . >) 59, 197 +* (/) 45
'!& 125 + 131
'*
122, 124, 125, 129, 182, + 227
190 +& 79, 80, 160
'*< 94, 120, 141 +% 51, 52
'*# 71 + 162
'* (Bârlad) 48, 49, 59 + 162
'* :" 49 + 66, 67, 79
+ 196, 197
+ (Vah) . 28, 232, 233 +& 128, 167
+ (+, +&) . 133 + 202
+& 145, 152 + & 145
+ 29, 128, 228 +!* 128
+ 76, 102 +* (Vltava) 73, 75
+ . 39, 76, 86 +** 205
+ 200 +* 186
+< (Warszawa) 193 +* (>!.) 181, 182
+ (ÂÜóêïí) 208 +* 71
+& 222, 229 +*< 74
+# (Visurgis) . 40, 134, 135 +**& (Vărădia) 150, 175
+ (=) 87 +**&
!< 70
+
123, 194 +* 185
+
&; 162
+ # 74, 154, 155 / (. M< ) 198, 224, 226
+ 154, 155 / 186
+ 157 / 166
+!" 95 /& 15
+ 134 / (Galai) 94, 104, 105, 107
+ 53, 70, 72 / 69
+# 172, 212, 214 /& 79, 80
+"!" 175, 206 / 104
+ (Viscla) 156, 157 / &; 104
+& 126 /& 37, 40, 78
+ 11, 36, 51, 74, 78, 99, 149, 153-155, 159, /, / (/, /) 67
173, 179, 193, 220, 221, 227 / (Galtis) 68, 69, 71
+ 186 / (Gana) 55
+!/ +! (Visula) 28, 78, 90, 136, 153, / 94, 107, 120
154, 157, 174, 192, 227 / ('!;) 92, 94-96, 103-105,
259
118 :! (Danubius) 156
/ 56 :& 45, 128, 165, 190, 191, 202, 203, 230
/! (ÃÝíïõêëá) 32, 92-94, 102, 105, 113, :" Dasmini/ Dasmiani, Äïýóìáíåò 206
116, 118 : 10
/& 69 : 213
/& 34 :& T 34
/ 196 :/ :!" 212
/"& 190 : 181, 188
/"& 37, 56, 130, 203 : 162
/" 229 : 43
/ (Ãåôñßíáò) 233 : ( :) 216, 217, 221
/ (ÃåôñéóôÜïõò) 233 :$ 43
/ !& (Ãåô§í dñçìíá) 92 :; 128
/ 166 :" 186
/#% 65 : 175
/ 219, 220 : (ÄéíéóêÜñôá) 93
/; 168 :&/ :& (ÄéíïãÝôåéá) 93, 94,
/" 56 103, 105, 141
/"& 56 : (. ') 33, 34, 114, 115,
/ 72, 73 137
/ (/) 66, 73 :* 9, 10, 11, 13, 65, 67, 73, 79, 101, 102,
/ (/), . 'H<& / 66 110, 137, 138, 141, 143, 160, 161, 174, 193,
/&" . 196 225, 228
/&" * 74 :* 14, 36, 51, 66, 67, 96-99, 101-103,
/&" @ 226, 232 107, 119, 120, 137, 138, 140, 142, 154, 159,
/ =! 185 187, 220
/ 190 : (Doblin) 55
/
#& 151, 152, 190 : 52
/ & 145, 157 :, . 185
/ ?, .. 64 :< "% 166
/ / *"< 224 :!; passim
/ : *"< 224 :!; P*/'!; 32, 92, 96, 98,
/ (Ãñásêïò) 130 105, 107, 110
/ 198 : 146, 175
/ 125, 129 : =! 185
/ (ÃñéãéÜðáíá) 129 : / 65
/& (<) 219, 220 :
#& 93, 100, 141, 165, 168, 233
/& 129 : & 143, 151, 192
/*& 30, 219 :"Q 162
/.".; 181, 188 : 138, 142
: 11
:& passim : (=) 199
:" (ÄÜëìáôáò) 54 : 88, 89, 91, 135
:"& 14 :; >! 151
:* 136, 156, :" 182
:* 136, 156 : 186
260
:" (Äñáóßìáñêá) 194 T . 233
: (ÄñåóíåÞê) 195 T! 60, 77, 202
: 86, 175 T*!< 186
: & 187
:! (:.), :! 73, 232 57
:& 166 *! 131
:!/ :! passim '! 10, 36, 38, 50, 51
:! 92 : 79, 80
:!!< # 33 220
:! (Duria) 142 " (Zemplén) 88, 90
:!!" (>) 32, 36, 112 34
:* 28 (. ' ) 137
186
& 27, 139 181
(Å¡îåéíïò ðoíôïò) 29
"& 34 " 65
134 190, 194
", ; 186, 187 (Iglia) 96, 118
(Ogre) . 203, 226 #" 44
(Aegissos), < 117, 118 " (F") 52, 150, 151
# 166 15, 78, 91, 160, 194
113 & 14, 135, 157
(, ) 9, 11, 37, 39, 40, 46, 50, 51, " 51
54, 55, 57, 73, 74, 76, 78, 86, 89, 90, 119-121, 227
132, 159, 160, 201-203, 226 ! 96
51 (
!H) 115
186 72
% ($) 52 120
& (Aeningia) 153, 227 ! 100
187, 188, 210 * 31, 44, 79
52, 188 & 32, 34-36, 42, 45, 92, 107-109, 111-
. 137 113, 115, 116, 177, 192
!" 95 *, (:!) 30, 34, 35, 38, 39, 48,
"& 115 49, 58, 73, 78, 92, 94, 102, 107, 108, 113, 116,
() 124 145, 167, 170, 205
/ () 169 - 11, 24
& 27 & 15, 17, 91, 143
" . 181, 182
"!" 131 X! (Ieterus, F) 203, 222
! (*) 79, 143, 177, 203, 222 X& 29
, * 222
/ 211-213, 217
T# 123 126, 127, 190
T & 181 122, 123
T&# 166 ! (Cagul) 95, 101, 104, 105
T 171 32-36, 42, 43, 93, 111, 112, 114, 195
261
$ 222 &; 128
"& " 204, 206 (ÊïÜóôá) 215
" 166, 168 (.) 197
" . 224 (Y) 123
& 15 !! (Cogurlui) 99, 107
(Êáðáííôóá) 165 * (Cogalnic, H) 97, 98, 105,
!!" (Capedunum) 165 156
(Capidava, Êáðéäáõá, Êáðéäáâá) # 162
34, 1645, 166 & 187
!& (Êáðéóôïõñíá) 164 51
" (Êáðóìáëâá) 165 73, 162
< (Kápos) . 167 " 181
! :;" 115 (Congri) 131, 133
! 166 ! (>) 97, 105
;H 182 (.;), . " 29, 33
! (Kara Su) 29, 30 & (. !) 146, 178
< . 146, 150, 175, 176, 183 124
27 (Koppan) 167
& 15, 29 (Kópany) 167
204 (Koppany) 167
!!" 95 () 167
/ passim (>) 167
229 186
!" 164 ! (Êïðïýóôïñïò) 165
" . 33, 107 (Corin) 55
(ÊáóôåëëïâñÝôáñá) 202 & 187
! 34 187, 188
100 % 181, 188
!% #. 44, 45, 48, 99, 101, 107 " 123
70
128
(ÊÝäñïò) . 31 175
& 187 222
(Cerbatis) 33 Q 122, 125, 129
27 ; :& 177, 190, 201, 203
108, 212, 214 & 125
174 167
=!/ =!& 15, 67 , =! 222
# 197 & 166
187 < . 45, 165, 167
(Cylipenum) 153, 227 !" 182
& 99, 103 211
(. ) 188, 189, 212 181
(Êåsñéò) 32 !" 128
# 99 ! (Cuppe, Êïýðïõò) 165
#. 99, 101 !& ;< 173
!; 62 !<!"& 128
262
! . 190 146
!<" 206 30
*"*! . 195 ", ", " , " 44, 52,
*!< (Căpu) 167 53
* (Câra) 190 ", . 52
.; 30 , 61
60, 61
47 ! (Lotru) 60, 61, 90
(ËáâÝñéïí) 45 66
(, ) 44 ! 168
45 !!< 167
90 ! 198, 224
! (ËÜâïõôæá) 45 ! 46, 47
50, 51 !, 77, 78
, ; #. 51, 52 ! 66
" 52 * (. . @** (Făcăieni) 61
153, 227 * (Latceni) 61
! 57 H 66
61, 63 . 86, 133
, 60, 61 . 126
(Ëáôáñéêßïí) 61
60, 61
182
(Ëáôáñêíïí) 61
215
(mutatio Latina) 58
56, 57, 199
61, 62
43
(Latoria) 60, 61, 88, 90
& 31, 33, 35, 109, 113, 116, 125, 126,
(Latris) 153, 222, 227 128, 135, 143, 187, 188, 192, 201, 212, 217,
222 226
46, 47
27
#. 46, 47
#& 15, 24, 27, 29, 188, 211, 212
() 51
(Malianda) 139
(. !*) 146, 166, 175,
186
178
=!, . =! 185
"! 57
>& (ÌéêñN Óêõèßá) 30, 34, 36, 93,
215 119, 137, 141, 164, 177
128, 130
@ 226, 232, 233
205
*#<& 208
34
% 198, 224
!& 45
(Maro) Marus 112
& 15
! (Margus) 123
28
169
61
,
& (
!<,
<) 48, 170,
, Litava (Litva) 61-63, 76 219, 220
175
(D) 19, 169, 204, 208
, =#; 45
& 139
263
, . 134
!, . 203
218
162
(Măcin) 117
**Q 151
'!; 92
. 134
;& 34, 35
& 187
(
<) 49, 52, 68, 190, 191, 206, 211
229
170
! 86
(ÍÜðïõêá) 164, 167
# 113
79, 80
(Ìåñþðç) 181, 183-185
164
"&/
"& 139, 217
! 74
< 131
186
% 182
", . 10
181, 182, 186
,
189, 226
!" 95
#& 17, 30, 36, 54, 64, 68, 69, 71, 90, 113,
(Nicae) 213
117, 118, 120, 124, 129, 132, 134, 135, 143,
& 211
144, 146, 148, 151, 158, 167, 192, 197, 198,
(ÌéêñN Írêáéá), . D$ 213
200, 218
"& (. #") 216
219, 220
108
(Misna) 55
53, 222
% +&#! 112
! 120
(Malva) 165
226, 233
" (+) 21, 205, 225
233
(Mogilina) 55
< 128, 129
(Μόδρα) 86
< 128, 129
49, 52, 70, 72, 172, 229
& 99
231
& 41
. 18, 135, 179, 190, 194, 198, 224,
M 141
226, 228
+ 51
& 15
(>Q) 61
72
!!"/
! 95, 136, 156, 157
162
195
,
(Ìþôñåóåò) 90
!H 132, 161
! (Motru) 77, 202
" " 214 !Q 208
! 51, 55 186
!& 20, 36, 44, 49, 51, 52, 59, 64, 69, 35, 102, 111, 195
70, 72, 142-144, 147, 150, 151, 170, 171, 173, / 11, 37, 46, 50, 51, 74, 87, 119, 153,
176, 229 156, 159, 193, 200, 221, 226-228, 232
!< 70, 71, 89, 142, 143, 147, 152, 163, (Odrava) 226
164 228
! 157 , 228
! #. 136, 156, 157 228
! 186 35, 109, 117, 211, 212, 217
264
228 22, 125, 189
9, 73, 131-133, 160, 161, 174 212
%< (%!<) Olaherkes 176 & 14, 58, 64, 88, 100, 101, 140, 143,
& 110, 113 148, 152, 171, 219
" 186 " >! 53
48, 49, 57, 58, 61, 62, 64, 66, 67, 69, 74, 48, 49
77, 79, 171, 176, 184, 189, 197, 198, 203, 206 ! (Ðáñíï™óôá) 126, 127
(Wëòýíè) 58, 64 184
(Wëòýíèöà) 58, 64 (Parsęta) 193
& 20, 44, 59, 61, 62, 64, 90, 147, 176, 34
197, 202 (Parthiscus) 145
(Wëòåö) 58, 64 186
#. 33, 36, 58, 65 . 172
" 58, 64 (Pathissum) 142
" 64 < 225, 229
" 64 Q 225, 229
& 58, 64 (Ðáôñßäáõá) 228, 229
121 $& 15
, () 101-103, 105, 120 % (Pahra) 132, 161
88 95, 154, 218
167 96
164, 166 (Pegnitz) 199
166 & 127
" (’ÏñãÜìç) 107, 115 "< 133
(’Ïñäåóóóò) 38, 48, 170 & &; 66
% 128 &&* 65
208 125, 126, 213, 217
95 125, 126
212 (ÐåñðåñÜêéïí), 182, 183
166 181-183
(IÏóêéïò), Uscus) 207 (Petra) 201, 229
" /Q (. . /Q) 203 #/ (Ðåôñíæçí) 230
" ! (. ) 203 (Ðåôñéôæóò) 230
" 204, 206 . (Petricica) 229-231
(EÏóôáêóò) 213, 216, 217, 221 < (Petris) 229
$ (IÏóôáöïò) 213 (Ðåôñoäáõá) 228, 229
#!" 213, 217, 221 < (Petrosani) 229
*" 195, 203, 205, 206 128
% %& 193 & 229
, (Ðõñåôoò) 170, 172
186 & 113
" 166 58
(Ðáëáóôóëïí) 78, 79 Q . 174
(Ðáëáôíïëïí) 78, 79 & 127
(Palathka) 62 80
(Újpalota, Neupalota), '% 80 80
265
80 !* 171
* 80 & 125
80 * (Păltineni) 80
80 *< (Păltini) 80
53 *! (Păltinul) 80
< (Øéëóí) 99 & ]"!! 49
"* 168
; 168 = (Rednitz) 199
; 21 =! 171
& 49 = (Riedigost) 201
9, 13, 20 =" 173
91 =" . 173
Q& (Polatitea) 80 =; 206
"& 53 =#" (=#") #. 109, 115
10, 13 =! (‘Ñáêïýëç) 177
229 =" 175
() 18, 79 = (‘ÑÜóïò) 193
73, 79 = 193, 193
&; 72, 80 = (Rasia) 193
*"< 224, 225, 229 = . 194
(Połtew) 66, 79 = 190, 191, 192
(Peltew, Połtwa) 79 = 194
(Poltua) 79 = 194
" '!% 227 = 194
/ " 99, 136, 163, 212, 214, = 44
216, 221 = (. : .)
! (Pons Aluti) 59, 60, 63 = 201
113 = 202
48 = (. Ratzeburg) 46
Q 171 = 202
/ (!) 36, 95, 170 =! 180
!" 97, 98, 131 =& 200
181 =< 190-194
(!<", Êóøìèöà) 206 =< & 193
& :!< 49 =< (‘ÑÜóïâïí) 194
% 86 = (Rega) 179, 180
186 =!" (Regianum) 177
& 10, 65 = (Regina) 177
Q 128 = 56
! 128 =# 199
197, 209, 212, 213, 215, 216 = 37, 40, 48, 56, 57, 76, 78, 121, 160, 203
! 36, 48, 96, 97, 103, 107, 120, 131, 134, = 176
154, 157, 159, 187, 220 = (Recidiva) 175
38 =" (Remessiana) 129, 194
!" 53 =, . 190, 191
!! () 210, 211, 217 = 132
266
=& 56 > 38
=& 145 > 166
=! 197 ># 208
= . 48 > 207, 208, 209
=# (+) 109, 205, 225 > 208
= . 38 >- (';) 209
= 127, 169, 181, 184-187, 203, 208, 222 >; 209
= 34 > 208
="& 143 > 209
="! 86 > (>), >- 31
= 185, 186 >& 43
= . (Ropa) 186, 187 >", >" 212, 213, 217
= . (=) 185 >" 29
=, = 185 >"! (>"<) 171, 204
= (. D) 185 > . 50, 133, 154
= (
) 185 > . 181
= (:) 185 > % 181, 187
= ". 185 >"& 28, 37, 38, 74, 130, 132, 149, 154,
= (Ropczice) 187 155, 157, 166, 192
= 222 >" (' ") 154, 155
= (Rotava) 199 >"#! 90, 178
=<&
45 >& 153
=! (ðóëéò ‘Ñïýãéïí) 179 > / 215
=!, Rugiland 179 >Q (
) 195
=!#" 182 > : 138, 140
=! (‘Ñïõêoíéïí) 176 > " 37, 48, 76, 133
=! 185 > #"& 65
=! 185 > 19
=! 185 >"& 217
=! 185 >" 175
=! 185 > 166
=! 185 > 52, 58, 177, 178, 190
=!, . . =! 185 > 162
=! 182, 185-187 >, >& 49
=! " 196 > 36, 48, 119, 120, 131, 229-231
=! 59 >, >, >& (Óåóôóò, Sestos) 215
=!& (=), . - =. 178, 179, 181 >! 71, 80
=***! 49 > (>!) 78, 79
=**<& (Racădia) 175 >#& 14, 162
=*< (Raca) 194 >!!" 58
=*< (Racani) 194 > 107
=. 180, 220 >& 139
=&% 168 > (Óêáé’í) 209
> (Óêáé’ò ðïôáì’ò) 209, 210
> 44, 59 > (Óêáéás ðýëáé) 208, 209, 211
> . 51, 80, 88, 157 >"* (ÓêÜìáíäñïò), .
211
267
>"& (Scambria) 210, 211 226, 232
># (Scandza) - 162, 179 . 169, 212
>& 41, 159, 179 107
> (ÓêÜñåò) 211 232
>! (Óêáñéùôáóáëïýêñá) 210 232
> (Óêáñßðáñá) 210 168
> (*) 195 (Ôéáãüëá) 99
> (ÓêõôéÜò) 34 (>) 170
>& 73, 108, 111, 137, 143, 170 (Ôßâéóéò) 49, 57, 58
> 107 150, 169, 170
> 196 !" 175
> 204 Tegra, Tegris, Tigris, (Ôßãñá) 134
> 204 ! 38
>!& 46, 47 "< (Timis) 49, 58, 150
>" 123 " 44, 86, 128, 202
>; . 161, 173, 174 212
> 208, 209 212
>! 58 & 139
>"< (Samus) 131, 132 (:*) 36, 38, 39, 92, 94, 97, 98, 131,
>"<!
167 134, 141, 142
>" 112 () 14, 48, 70, 72, 86, 87, 89-91,
> 204 130, 133, 142-149, 151-156, 159, 160, 179, 228
>#" :& 177, 190, 191, 203 & (Tisia) 73, 157
>#" " 214, 217 91
>"
52 88
>*
122, 123, 190, 194 " (Tomos) 29, 30, 32-34, 36, 42, 114
> 190, 203, 222 # (!;) 207, 208, 211, 213
> 222 . 204
> (. !) 133 166
> 186 168
> 27 . 39, 86
>; 185, 186, 208, 209, 212, 213, 216 212
>" 125-127, 186, 205 : 213
>!" 122, 125, 127, 129, 139, 181 ' ('$) 212, 213, 214,
>! 79 216
>&" 204 D 181, 188, 189, 205, 215,
>! 34 217, 226
>!!" 131 & 17, 22, 68, 91, 102, 108, 110, 111, 124,
>! . 130 137, 143, 159, 164, 165, 169, 175, 187, 196,
>! . 39 207-210, 212, 214, 217, 218, 222, 227
>! 143, 175 (Transalba) 44, 45
>! 67 & 57-59, 69, 71, 72, 167, 173, 176,
189, 197, 198, 229
107 #" (Troesmis) 117, 118
(:) 113, 164 $!!" 229
() . 50 209, 211
268
#" (Trosmis) .
@!< 123
!< (Trotus) 229-232 @**< 170, 189
& 43, 209, 210 @** (Făcăieni) 61
& . 203
!; 225 D 57, 76
!#! 197 D# %, D#& 67, 174
! 117 D 27
!; (#) 19, 169, 208, 210, 213 D" 212
! 141 D" (Halmyris) 115
*! !< (Târgu Trotu) 231 D! . 39
*< 151 D (×áðÝôéêéïí) 182
*
197 D (‘Áñðçóó’ò) 181, 182
* 225 D (×áñðÝôéêéïí) 182
.& 40, 43 D, D* (
) 139, 165, 181, 182,
186-189, 207, 210-212
? (?) ?; 90 D (:) 214, 215
? (Ugra) 69, 124, 131-133, 161 D" 32, 57, 197, 205, 206, 218, 225, 226, 231,
?< 64, 173, 177 233
?; (T!) 90 D"" 177, 207, 208, 210, 212, 217, 233
?; 165 D"! 113, 203, 222, 226
?#" 227 D& 43
? (Ukra, Ucker) 124 D 198
? 9, 66 D" (GÇñìïò) 181, 182
?"!" 58 D& 113
?"! 52, 53 D& 215
?& 15 D (>) 94, 95
? (Ungra) 69, 71 D 182
?!" 131 D (E; '!) . 38
?!" (Uscudama) 207, 208, 210-212, 217 D (‘ÕðåñðåñÜêéïí) 182
? 229 D& 27
?% 76 D 166
?! (+) 100, 203, 222 D& 208
?< 166 DQ 86, 121, 122, 133
D" 69, 74
@ (Feldioara) 74 D& 79
@ 169, 181, 182, 187, 188 D" 70
@ 196 D! 91
@& 212, 214 D! 69
@/ 212 D* 71, 80, 197, 198
@ 38 D*< 33, 107
@! 121
@!!# (Flutausis) @!# (Flautasis) ! (Cius fl.) 168
73, 75, 156, 157 * 52
@ 27
@ 181 M (Ceaga) 99
@& (Öñáôåñßá) 202 M (Celei) 79
269
M 80 E 168, 169
M 182, 185 E 212
M . 29, 99 E - 39
M 29 E& 37, 121, 122, 135
M 122, 125
M " 196, 197 F;->H 28
M *" 203 F; 28
M ", M" passim F 28
M* 171 F 28
M< 224, 226 F; 28
M! . 231 F 28
F 28
] 125 F (Javorniki) 28
] 121 F 28, 232
]#-DQ 37, 39, 40, 43 F 28
] 180 F 28
] # 227 F! #. 44, 45, 48, 99, 101
F! . 44, 104
P 98 F 195, 203, 222-225, 229, 231
F (’Éáôñ§í) 222
E; '! 110, 137, 138, 199 F, F! 32, 61, 222, 227
270
27 (LL .) 27, 38, 39, 126, 127, 226
(270–275) 69 108
(VL .) 56 % 143
* 111, 112 27
41 70, 84
" '" (LD .) 163, 201, 227 167
% 87, 89 " 43
114, 115 173
93, 103, 104 !% 101, 102, 104
(. DV– . DVL .) 163 () 34, 35, 42, 110
* LLL
(+) 14, 41, 90, 91, 100
42, 111, 126, 206, 226 %!" () 70, 72, 178
"< 84 '! 182
$ + 121, 220 '" 67
"
144, 145, 147, 149, 207 ' 62
" 212 ' L 173
" 230 ' : (';), '
100 40, 76, 180
' 102 '; (Boz) 137
LL 59 ' L (&#) 193
* 127 '! 181
$ 111 '! 36, 114, 135
181 + 169
181, 182, 187 + (364–375) 40
42 + LL 126
(LLL . . D.) 48 + 117, 118
= 123 +! 41-43, 121, 227
% 145 +#" 219
218 +%" & 122
171, 172 + 67, 137
27, 42 + 117
271
+" >& 174 , (ΖõñÜîçò) 32, 33, 92, 93,
+ D 174 114, 116, 117, 119, 195
+!!$ 137 111, 112
+& 161, 174 110, 119
/ 152 121
/ D 32, 33, 36, 92, 113, 114, (610–641) 141, 160
116 > (VLL .) 56, 57
/ > ! 128 X 61
/% 219 X !# 182-184
/! (Gelou) 167 X 9, 47, 63, 68-73, 75, 100, 120, 136,
/ 62 137, 140, 153, 154, 156, 157, 162, 179, 207,
/ 182 211, 218-220, 222
/ 70-72, 178 X$ 41
/ ! 118 "% 48
/
+!# 188, 212, 217 100
/< 87 # 40
/ 117 56
/! 218 + 41, 75, 87
: (ΔÜðõî) 31-33, 36, 41, 92, 116, 195 181
: L (522–486) 35, 108, 119, 124, 169 + (Keanus Magnus) 91
: 17, 66, 198 (359-341 . . D.) 110, 217
: 219, 220 127
: 33 (268–270) 68
:" 43 29
: 181, 187 " (LL .) passim
: (249–251) 68, 218, 219 68, 218, 219
:#% (:) 100, 101 #" ; 232
: > 35, 164 " 171
: (286–305) 40 144
: 31, 36, 92-94, 113, 116, 152, 195, ' 65, 66, 193
206, 218, 219, 226 + (306–337) 79, 143, 144,
: 43 152, 169, 178, 219
: (LL .) 48, 49 LV 100, 101, 104
:"% 113 LL (337–361) 144, 145, 152
144 209, 211
48 42, 110, 119
39, 207 L (383–359 . . D.) 109, 110, 181,
180 205, 217, 225
171 % 172
$ 27 !" 70, 72
"! 100 215
T$ H +! 100 126, 127
" 111, 112, 119 & :!# 163
# 145, 147, 152 #"% 35, 111, 127
$*145 L 62
272
LL 62 * 172
, , 61, 62 29, 214, 215
143, 169 172
(Loborcy) 91 189
! 41 > (L . . D.) 9, 29, 31, 34, 38,
! " @ 117, 118 39, 137, 139, 142, 149, 153, 154, 158, 162, 164,
* L (457-474) 100 187, 189, 203, 212, 214, 222, 227, 232
. ' (814–840) 87, 88 " 123
&% 14 (LL .) 209-211
. + 163 " 164
(582–602) 9, 21, 41, 79, 81, 91, 140, "
38, 39
141, 171
27, 215, 216
(161–180 . . D.) 137, 143, " (L . . D.) 48
218 172, 178
31-33, 36, 54, 92, 94, 114, *; $ # 170
116-118, 129, 158, 195, 198, 201, 206, 226 9, 30, 34, 41, 86, 115,
+ !! 36, 113, 211, 217 126, 129, 136, 140, 175, 190, 191, 194, 206,
42 208, 230
42, 110 " 170
110 " (LL–L . . D.) 29, 43, 212,
L (407–386 . . D.) 217 214, 215
105 & 221
VL (121–63 . . D.) 32, =" 161, 174
36, 113, 119 =!
! 173
% LL 182 = (‘ÑOïò) 218, 219
113, 119 = (‘ÑÜðôïò) 218, 219
! 172 =!, =! 181, 187
181, 187 = (‘Ñþëçò) 31, 32, 36, 116, 117
32, 117, 118 =! 179
* 100 =!" 145
! (27 . . D. – 14 . . D.) =! 14
117, 118, 163, 181, 187 >. " 218, 219
" 108 > 152
& 216 > (Salanus) 91
(&#) 174 > (>) 35
" 27 > 120
"! 70, 72, 87, 88, 91 > 181
$ 186 > 162
68, 218-220 > L (424–407 . . D.) 35, 109, 217
# 143 > LLL 35, 111
164 > 61, 173
* 79, 81 >" L (893–927) 72
274
I (
)
,
ISBN 978–954–9493–08–5
70/110/16
18