Professional Documents
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13ANASocialPolicy2003 PDF
13ANASocialPolicy2003 PDF
13ANASocialPolicy2003 PDF
Students
Students
1. Tammy Nelson,
1. Leah Talactac,
2. Amber Grayson,
2. Melody Cala, and
3. Alex Seeley,
3. Stephanie Tiempo)
4. Linda Duran
1. Vida Shaw,
1. Naomi Gandela,
2. Julieta Rodriguez and
2. Ivy Sahagun, and
3. Vanessa Cubias
3. Kim Kira
1. Gift Wango
1. Sandra Martinez and
2. Kanami Sugimoto, &
2. Nancy Torres
3. Victoria Royal
1. Sonia CuevasDavis
1. Criselda BalibaPaz,
2. Linda K.imbell
2. Rieko Heshiki,
3. Seniet Worku 1. Oksana Melnychuk and
2. Olena Klein
1. Zussette Saavedra
2. Patty Egetoe,
3. Maggie Iglesias
4. Aileen Alcantera. and
Social Policy
• Social context: The authority for the
Nursing’s Social practice of nursing is based on a social
contract that acknowledges
Policy Statement professional rights & responsibilities as
well as mechanisms for public
(ANA, 2003) accountability
ANA, 2003, Nursing’s social policy statement (2 nd ed).
M.E.F.Higfield, PhD, RN, AOCN
Professor, CSUN
Policy includes
Key concept definitions
• Accountability: “being answerable
to someone for something done” 1. Definition of nursing
(ANA, 2002)
2. Nursing knowledge base
• Autonomy: independence of
functioning 3. Scope of nursing practice
• Authority: power to do something 4. Regulation of profession
• Responsibility: acting in a reliable,
trustworthy, credible manner
1
DEFINITION of Nursing
DEFINITION of Nursing • “Nursing is the
– protection, promotion & optimization of
health & abilities,
+ Knowledge for practice
– prevention of illness & injury,
+ Scope of practice – alleviation of suffering through the
+ Regulation of practice diagnosis & treatment of human
response, and
– advocacy in the care of individuals,
families, communities, & populations.”
(p. 6, ANA, 2003)
Practice Point…. Specifics of Contract with Society
• Examples • SELF REGULATORY
– Code of ethics
– Standards of practice
– Theory ß à Research
– Educational entry requirements
– Certification
Social policy Values &
Trait approach Assumptions
1. Accountability
1. Humans manifest an essential unity of
2. Autonomy mind/body/spirit.
3. Code of ethics
2. Human experience is contextually &
4. Public service (valued over $) culturally defined
5. Higher education
3. Health & illness are human experiences
6. Specialized knowledge
4. Nurse patient relationship = participation
7. Organization representing profession
of both within values & beliefs of both
8. Competency & professional license
5. Policy & healthcare delivery impact well
being of society & the profession
2
•Definition of nursing + Scope of Knowledge for Practice
• Human experiences & responses across
Scope of KNOWLEDGE lifespan
– Birth
for Practice – Health
– Illness &
– Death
+ Scope of Practice • In the context of
– Individuals
+ Regulation of practice – Families
– Communities &
– Populations
Knowledge base (cont.)
• Issues:
Definition of Nursing +
– Health & safety promotion
Scope of Knowledge for Practice +
– Care & Selfcare
– Physical, Emotional & Spiritual
– Adaptation to physiologic & pathophysiologic processes
– Emotions r/t human development & health/disease Scope of PRACTICE
– Meanings of health & illness
– Decision making
– Relationships, roles & changes in these
– Social policies & effect on health + Regulation of profession
– Healthcare systems & impact on quality
– Environment & disease prevention
Scope: Types & Expertise in
Practice Scope of Nursing Practice
Expert
• ONE scope depends on:
– Education
Basic Advanced – Experience
– Role
– Population
Novice
(ANA, 1995 Statement)
3
Scope of Practice:
Scope (cont.) Educational level
· Dynamic & evolves • Basic: Undergraduate
· Dependent on education, experience,
• Specialty: Certification
role, population
· Flexible boundaries
• Advanced: Graduate
(ANA, 1995 Statement)
· Collaboration
Basic Nursing Practice Advanced Practice RNs
· Clinical Advanced Practice
· BSN preferred professional
· BOTH
preparation since 1965
· Specialization = clinical practice with
particular focus
· Expanded role = overlapping boundaries
· Masters or Doctorate =theory + research +
practice
· Licensed and/or certified for advanced role
Advanced Practice RNs (cont.)… Key ideas
· RN Educator • Accreditation of schools
• Degrees
· RN Administrator
• Licensure
· RN Researcher • Certification
4
Check point… Definition of Nursing +
Scope of Knowledge for practice +
• What are the differences between basic, Scope of Practice +
specialty, & advanced scope of practice?
REGULATION of practice
Regulation of RN Practice Trait approach
• Accountability
• Autonomy
1. SelfRegulation
• Code of ethics
2. Professional regulation
• Public service (valued over $)
3. Legal Regulation
• Higher education
• Specialized knowledge
• Organization representing profession
• Competency & professional license
SelfRegulation Professional Regulation:
• Definition & Scope of Nursing are starting point
• Professional regulation includes
• Personal accountability for knowledge
– R&D of practice
• Peer review of practice – System of nursing education
– Structure for delivery of nursing
• Participation in development of policies &
– Quality review mechanisms
review mechanisms
• Code of Ethics
• Standards of practice
• Peer review
• System of credentialing
5
Professional Regulation:
Certification Legal regulation
• Judgment of competence made by • “All RNs are legally accountable for actions
nurses who are themselves in specialty taken in the course of nursing practice as well
as actions delegated by RNs to others assisting
• Course work in delivery of nursing care” (p. 13
• Supervised practice • Accountability arises form
– Licensure
• Examination
– Criminal & civil laws
Legal (cont.) Legal (cont.)
• “Statutory definitions should be compatible with
and build upon the profession’s definition of its
• State nurse practice acts & Regulations practice base, but be general enough to provide
define nursing’s social responsibilities for the dynamic nature of an evolving scope of
nursing practice” (p. 13)
• Practice acts includes • California definition:
– Nurses’ authority to practice “Those functions ... which help people cope with
difficulties in daily living which are associated
with their actual or potential health or illness
– Society’s authority to sanction problems or the treatment thereof which require
nurses who threaten public safety. a substantial amount of scientific knowledge or
technical skill.
California Nurse Practice Act
ANA definition • California definition:
• “Nursing is the “Those functions ... Check point…
– protection, promotion which help people
& optimization of cope with difficulties
health & abilities, in daily living which
are associated with
– prevention of illness their actual or • What are the 3 types of regulation of the
& injury, potential health or
illness problems or profession?
– alleviation of suffering
through the diagnosis the treatment thereof
& treatment of human which require a
response, and substantial amount of
scientific knowledge
– advocacy in the care or technical skill.
of individuals, California Nurse Practice Act
families, communities,
& populations.”
(p. 6, ANA, 2003)
6
Conclusion
• Nursing’s Social Policy Statement
includes a description of nursing in the Nursing: Scope &
U.S.
– Values & social responsibility of nursing
Standards of Practice
(ANA, 2004)
– Nursing’s definition & scope of practice
– Nursing’s knowledge base
ANA, 2004, Nursing’s social policy
– Regulation of nursing statement
Standards
How are you meeting.. of Practice
• Critical thinking standards of professional • 6 standards that describe competent
practice? nursing care demonstrated by the
critical thinking model known as the
nursing process
• Professional standards? • Encompass all nursing actions
• Foundation of decisionmaking
Standards of Practice (cont.) Standards of Practice (cont.)
• Themes
– Ageappropriate & culturally sensitive care 1. Assessment
7
Standards of Professional Standards of Professional
Performance Performance
7. Quality of practice
• 9 standards 8. Education
competent level of 9. Professional practice Evaluation
behavior in 10. Colleaguiality
professional role 11. Collaboration
12. Ethics
13. Research
14. Resource Utilization
15. Leadership
Trait approach
• Accountability
• Autonomy
• Code of ethics
• Public service (valued over $)
• Higher education
• Specialized knowledge
• Organization representing profession
• Competency & professional license
8