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Dark Skies For All: Bstract
Dark Skies For All: Bstract
Dark
skies
for all
Mark E Bailey reports from the
Sixth European Dark-Skies
Symposium, held in Portsmouth 1: An example of poor church lighting in Malvern, illustrating sky glow, glare and the effects of light
on 15 and 16 September 2006. waste shining uselessly into space. (C Baddiley, taken from CfDS Image Library)
T
he Sixth European Dark-Skies Sympo- Abstract The CfDS website (http://www.britastro.org/
sium threw a spotlight on advances in a dark-skies/) holds a wealth of detailed informa-
rapidly developing interdisciplinary field. More than 100 people including members tion and links to other material. Moreover, as the
The subject encompasses not just the physical of the British Astronomical Association subject has matured, so the small minority pre-
and technical aspects of outdoor lighting, and Campaign for Dark Skies (CfDS), pared to “lobby for their hobby” has been joined
its obvious impact on astronomy (e.g. Mizon representatives from local and central by a growing number of other special-interest
2001), but the social, environmental and ecologi- government, lighting professionals, groups. These embrace subjects as diverse as the
cal effects of the phenomenon as well. In England environmentalists, astronomers and ecological effects of excessive lighting; the legal
and Wales, light pollution has been recognized as journalists, met in Portsmouth for the implications of light pollution as a statutory nui-
a statutory nuisance. Sixth European Dark-Skies Symposium, sance; and the social and environmental costs of
The conference contained a fine array of sci- on 15 and 16 September 2006. The the wasted energy.
entific and technical presentations, all of which meeting covered the adverse impacts Many people realize, for example, that when
are now available on the internet (Mizon et al. of light pollution on various fields, for they illuminate their homes with up to 1 kW of so-
2006), and was noteworthy also for the hospital- example health, the environment and called “security” lights, they are burning money.
ity and enthusiasm of the organizers. Evening the economy, as well as astronomy. Perhaps they can afford to waste up to £500 per
visits to the South Downs Planetarium (Chiches- With support from the Campaign for year? But how many understand that in the course
ter) and the Hampshire Astronomy Group’s suite the Protection of Rural England, the of a year the additional CO2 pollution emitted in
of telescopes in Clanfield were greatly appreci- publication in 2003 of a comprehensive producing the wasted electricity is equivalent to
ated. And with opening and closing speeches by report by the House of Commons Science driving the family car halfway to Australia?
MPs Lembit Opik and Robert Key, it is evident and Technology Committee, and the
that the subject has a growing political profile. recent rise in energy costs, light pollution The problem
The tone was set with an excellent introductory has become a subject of growing public Light pollution is light in the wrong quantity,
overview by John Mason, highlighting points concern. Professional astronomers have in the wrong place and at the wrong time. It is
that were discussed later in more detail. Not- an important role to play in commending responsible for the sky glow around our towns
ing the advances since he first spoke on light the argument for a return to darker skies. and cities; the light nuisance or “trespass” in our
pollution some 15 years ago, his main message gardens; the glare in our eyes; and light waste. In
was that the issue is now at a crossroads. Great the words of Martin Rees, the Astronomer Royal:
strides have been made in the past 10 years, to Most people, for example, probably do not “You don’t need to be an ornithologist to want
the extent that the “battle” for people’s hearts think about lighting at all, just installing random to be able to see some birds in your garden, and
and minds is finely balanced. However, more lights as they see fit; others install light-polluting you don’t need to be an astronomer to want to be
needs to be done if we are to obtain dark skies external lights simply “because they look nice”. able to see the stars… The night sky is part of our
for all and retain the benefits of a source of Some, such as the architects who quite literally environment – indeed the only part that has been
inspiration that has led people towards science “flood” buildings (and their surroundings) with experienced, equally, by all cultures at all times.”
and a scientific way of thinking for thousands light, should know better. Their efforts with new The overwhelming majority of people now
of years. Whereas many people are able to rec- lighting technology often swamp the very archi- adays, perhaps even some astronomers, have
ognize, at least when they are pointed out, the tectural features they seek to display. never seen a really dark sky, nor a shooting star,
worst excesses of light pollution, we still have to By bringing light pollution into the public nor even the Milky Way. This creeping disposses-
overcome the “novelty factor” of being able to domain, the largely amateur astronomical com- sion of our night-sky experience has caught many
make night as bright as day. munity has performed a significant public service. unawares. But there is a rising tide of opposition.