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Shahnama 09 Firduoft
Shahnama 09 Firduoft
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Tlie vear a.d. 1010 saw the completion of the Shdhndma, the great
1'er.siair ei)ic. Its author, the poet Firdausi, spent over thirty Ifoori;
ou'4 vears in its coiiipositiou, only to experience, when the task had
ot m-
been" actiieved, a heart-breaking disappointment weU worthy
clusiou in any record of tiie calamities of authors. His worii has
to be
sur-v-ived the test of time, and by general consent is accounted
one of the few great epics of the world. Geographically, and in some
other resiiects, it may be said to stand half-way between the epics ol
Europe and those of India. In its own land it has no peer, wnile in
construction and subject-matter it is uni(|ue. Other epics ct\utre
round some heroic cliaracter or incident to which all else is sub.ser-
vient. In the .^liAhndma there is no lack either of heroes or of in-
cidents, but its real hero is the ancient Persian people, and its theme
their whole surviving legendary history from the days of the Pirst
Man to tiie death of the last Sdsiinian Shdh in the middle of the seventh
alone
century of our era. It is the glory of the Persian race that they own
among all nations possess such a record, based as it is on their
traditions and set lorth in the words of their greatest poet. In another
sense, too, the Shdhndma is unique. Tlie authors of the other great
epics tell us little or nothing of their own personalities
or of their
sources of information. Their works are fairy palaces suspended in
mid air we see the result, but know not how it was achieved. The
;
author of the Shillindma takes us into his confidence from the first, so
tliat in reading it we are let into the secret of epic-making, and can
apply the knowledge lliiis gained to solve the problem of the con-
struction of its great congeners. To the student ot comparative
mytliiilogv and folk-lore, to the lover of historic romance or roniantic
historv, and to all that are fond of tales of high achievements and the
gests of inToes. the Sbdiniama is a stoiclioiisc of ricli and abundant
material. To set forth a com]ilete presentment of it with the needful
notes and elucidations is tlie object of the present translation, made
—
from two of tlie best printed texts of the original that of Vullers and
Laudauer, an<l that of Turner Macau.
THE
SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSl
EDMOND WARNER, B A.
FiRDAUSI.
VOL. IX
LONDON:
KEG AN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO., L^
BROADWAY HOUSE I CARTER LANE, E.G.
1925
The rights of translation and of re /reduction are reserved.
VOL. IX.
\
vii reod
ix," for viii read x etc.
Page 216, Col. 2, after line 10 from bottom, insert " Reign of,
J57, V, 281 seq. Note on, v, 281."
from bottom, delete "
Page 225, Col. I, line S Bandwi."
Page 240, Col. 2, line 13 from bottom, before " 102 " insert "
i."
" " "
Page 245, Col. 2, line 12, for 162 read 162."
Page 251, Col. I, line 11 from bottom, after "of" insert comma.
Page 257, Col. 2, line 11, before and after "vitrified" inseit
comma.
Page 268, Col. 2, line 15 from^ bottom, after" oi" insert comma.
"
Page 276, Col. I, line 3 from bottom, read Olympias."
Page 279, Col. 2, line 5 from bottom, for " 363 " read " 263."
" " "
Page 289, Col. I, line 25, for 140 read 140."
Col. line 10
"
Page 302, _>, from bottom, /o^ 85 read "23."
" " "
Page 310, Col. I, line 3, for ig6 read 171."
from bottom, "
Page 311, Col. 2, line 15 after "by" insert viii,
190.
"
Page 327, Col. 2, line 31 end, add ix, 23."
" " "
Page 328, Col. I, line 26, for 205 read 105."
Page 334, Col. I, line 7, for "Northman" read "Northmen."
Page 337, Col. 2, line 2 from bottom, add " viii, 108."
Page 362, Col. I, line 7 from bottom, insert comma at end.
2. How
Counsel and Excuses ....
Will, and sent Chiefs to his Father with
5. How
Music
the Chiefs
.......
own Fingers, and burned his Instruments of
6. How
of
Mihr Hurmuzd .....
Khusrau Parwiz and how he was slain by
^ .
....
and how he caused Ardshir to be slain by
Piruz Son of Khusrau
45
Guraz (also called Farayin)—
I. How Guraz (also called Farayin) received News of
the Slaying of Ardshir, hastened to Iran, took
Possession of the Throne, and was killed by
Shahranguraz . . . .
.51
PiJrAndukht—
1. How Purandukht ascended the Throne and slew
ix
56
CONTENTS
AzARMDUKHT-
SECT. PAGE
I. How Azarmdukht
—
she died ......
ascended the Throne and how
59
FarrukhzAd
I. How
....
Farrukhziid ascended the Throne and
was slain by a Slave
how he
61
Yazdagird —
2.
1.
How
the Chiefs ......
How Yazdagird ascended the Throne and addressed
6.
How
How
went to Khurasan .....
Yazdagird consulted with the Iranians and
9.
How
Siir
How Mahwi
......
Yazdagird went to Tiis and how Mahwi of
met him
war with
of Siir incited Bi'zhan to
95
10.
.....
Yazdagird and how Yazdagird fled and hid
himself in a Mill
How Mahwi of Siir sent the Miller to kill Yazdagird,
96
11.
to forbear ......
and how the Archmages counselled Mahwi
Index
15.
. ....
Account of the Completion
burg.
xiu
NOTE ON PRONUNCIATION
"
a as in water."
"
i as in pique."
"
u as in rude."
"
a as in servant."
"
i as in sin."
"
M as in foot."
"
ai as in time."
"
au as in ou in cloud."
"
g is always hard as in give."
"
kh as ch in the German buch,"
"
zh ^^ in azure,"
XV
IV
VOL. IX.
XLIV
ARGUMENT
Kiibtid on his accession sends two cliiefs to accuse of niis-
governniont the fallen and imprisoned Shah, Khusrau Parvviz,
who justifies himself at great length. His fall is made the
subject of a lament by Barbad, the minstrel, who afterwards
mutilates himself. The chiefs, noticing symptoms of remorse
in Kubad, insist upon the death of Khusrau Parwiz who is
kilh'd with all his other sons. Kubad falls in love with,
and wishes to marry, Shiri'n, who poisons herself rather than
consent, and Kubad himself is poisoned soon afterwards.
NOTE
The days of the reign of Kubad (Kobad II., Feb. -Sept.',
A.D. 628) were few and evil. Tradition already had prepared
the ground for this in the unfavourable account given of
his early years. ^ The murder of his father was followed by
that of all his brothers, and by the tragic death of Shirin,
while in addition to all these horrors a frightful pestilence
broke out in his reign and the great mortality that ensued
still further weakened the resources of an already almost
cxliausted country and hel])ed to pave the way for the suc-
cessful Arab invasion of a few years later on. Kubad is
represented in the poem as a loutish, uneducated youth,-
but even if his abilities had been great it is difficult to see
how he could Ijave extricated himself from the coil in which
' •
See Vol. viii., p. 390 Id,
3
4 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSt
he found himself involved without mishap to himself or
others. He owed his release from prison and perhaps his
life to the very conspirators that subsequently
demanded
of him for their own security the death of his father.
To
have refused would have been fatal to himself, while in all
father and his brothers, with the exception
probability his
of one who would have been made Shah, would have perished
all It is inconceivable that the conspirators would
the same.
have run the risk to themselves of restoring Khusrau Parwiz,
with his black record of ingratitude as instanced by his treat-
ment of Bandwi and Gustaham,i to \^\^ former position as
ruler. With the exception of his infatuation for Shirin, which
can be as historical, Kubad throughout his
regarded
hardly
short reign was the victim of circumstances.
§§ 1 and 2. Kharrad, son of Barzin, was one of the niost
trusted ministers of Khusrau Parwiz and planned the assassina-
tion of Bahram Chubina.^ According to Tabari he fell at
the battle of Dhu Kar.^
As the epoch of the Sasanian Dynasty draws to an end
through scenes of deepening tragedy the legitimist leanings
of the tradition seem to become more and more pronounced
and we have an instance here. It is hardly to be supposed,
historically speaking, that
formal charges of misgovernmcnt
were drawn up against, and as formally answered by, Khusrau
Parwiz, but rather that someone, desirous of vindicating
that Shah's memory and conversant with the circumstances
of the time, soon after his death drew up the charges and the
' '
? See Vol. viii., 354 seq. Id. p. 331 seq. Id. p. iQQ-
p.
NT, 363 seq, ZT, ii., 334 se^.
KUBAD [COMMONLY CALLED SHlRWl) 5
'
'
See Vol. viii., p. 190. See p. 6.
'
NT, p. 365 note. RM, Pt. II., vol. iii., pp. 95, 116.
6 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSi
Chubina that hero's brother, Yalaii-sina in the Sliahnama, is
called Mardanshab. Yalan-sina is always represented as
being one of Bahram (.'hubina's most loyal adherents just as
the other brother, Gurdwi, was a firm supjjorter of Khusrau
Parwiz, while their- sister Gurdya held an intermediate position,
faithful to Bahram Chubina, but opposing his kingl}'- ambition
in every way in her power. Later on when married to Gus-
taham, the maternal uncle of Khusrau Parwiz, she agreed,
on condition that she should become the Shah's wife and that
a full amnesty should be given to all her adherents, to murder
he..- husband and did so. There would be nothing strange
therefore in Mardanshah, if identical with Yalan-sina, becoming
reconciled to, and receiving high oflfice from, Khusrau Parwiz.
He would serve one master as faithfully as he served the other.
In the circumstances the strange thing would have been lor
the treacherous Shah not to have taken the first convenient
occasion against him. According to the story the Shah,
two years before his deposition, consulted the astrologers
who informed him that his death would come from Nimrvlz.
He therefore began to siispect and summoned Mardanshah,
but finding no pretext for putting him to death, as he was
perfectly loyal and withal an aged man, determined merely
to cut off his right hand and make him a large i)resent of money
as compensation. The sentence was carried out. Mardan-
shah regarded such a mutilation as worse than death and,
when shortly afterwards the Shah was good enough to send
and express his regret for what had occurred, asked the
Shah to grant hini a boon. The Shah swore to do so, on which
Mardanshah requested that his head should be struck off
in order to wipe out the disgrace put upon him. The Shah,
bound by his oath, felt himself obliged to consent and the
execution took place accordingly. The Shah wished to make
Mardanshah's son governor of Nimruz, but he refused and
withdrew from the army.^ He joined the conspiracy against
Khusrau Parwiz^ and by avenging his father on the Shah
justified the prediction of the astrologers.
The account given by Theophanes of the last days of the
Shah is different. As a general rule it is not prudent to put
iaith in stories of what occurred in Oriental palaces or prisons,
but owing to the special circumstances of the case his in-
formation may be good in this instance, as it appears to be
gold that he has vainly amassed, and for whose sake he has
starved many, and made the world itself a desert." Shirwi
also sent satraps to revile and spit upon him, had his son
Mardasas, whom he had wished to crown, slain before his eyes,
and all his other sons as well, sent his enemies to beat and
spit upon hira, and, after five days of such treatment, had him
put to death with arrows. Shirwi then wrote to Heraclius
to announce the death of the detested Khusrau Parwiz,
arranged terms of peace, released all the captives, and restored
"
the True Cross." ^ With regard to these latter statements
of Theophanes it should be observed that peace was not
"
concluded, and the True Cross" restored, till after the death
of Shirwi.^
According to Tabari Kubad had Mihr Hurmuzd put to
death.3
§ 6. The association of Khusrau Parwiz and Shirin began,
it would seem,'* before his accession to the throne, and he
reigned for thirty-eight vears. If Shirwi really wished to
§1
Know, God gave thee the crown, and now thou sittcst
Said Galinush :
—
"
O veteran may all thy doings prosper.
!
O fortunate ! It is :
'
The sword is fruiting,
And nuzzling princes' heads.' In this regard
Now ask for audience of Khusrau Parwiz
That we may tell the message of the Shah."
This hearing Galniush arose, made fast
His mail, went to the Shah with folded arms.
"
As servants should, and said thus Live for ever, :
Say :
^2
"
Now make full answer that thou niayst
will I
But as I
gave, had Faith, made friends, and loved
I did not lour by reason of that letter.
I gave it, having read to Shirin,
it,
'
'Tis ill to keep God's enemy alive.'
Those that were in our prison were mere divs
Complained of by the righteous. Neither bloodshed
Nor utter harshness ever was our trade.
I shut up criminals and did not hold
Of small account wrongs done by them to others ;
—
Men worse than dragons and for this thou art
A sinner guilty both in word and deed
In God's sight. Now that thou art lord be prudent,
And if thou know'st not how consult the wise.
Forgive not those that vex thee though thou hopest
For wealth through them, and 'what can better bonds
For one in whom thou seest naught but harm ?
In talking of my wealth thou hast not shown
Good sense and wisdom. We have never asked
For more than toll and tax. When these were paid
If any were still rich, though men might say
That they were foes and miscreants of the seed
Of Ahriman, we thought of God and j)assed
Such matters lightly by. From Him I had
The crown and throne, and they have cost me dear.
2034 The Maker of the world, the righteous Judge,
Hath willed this change of fortune. In the world
His will is paramount, so when He would
Our minishmcnt we seek not for addition.
We sought to please our Judge, but by our toils
Have not evaded His apportionment.
And when He asketh me I will tell all.
That Questioner is wiser than thou art,
And one more jwtcnt in all good and ill.
KUBAD {COMMONLY CALLED SlIlRWl) 19
"
O Memory of the great ones of the world !
'
Much further according to the legend. See Vol. v., p. 12.
'
This is attributed to Kai Kaus elsewhere. See Vol. ii., pp. Si, loi.
*
This line occurs three couplets too low in C.
*
This is not mentioned elsewhere in the poem.
'See Vol. ii., pp. i8g, 279.
26 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSl
Grace was renewed where went renowned Sikandar,
;
Who
overturned the world, and where Jamasp,
Who
shone in astrologic lore more brightly
C. 2039 Than Sol or Vxnus ? Where is that famed Shah,
Bahram Giir, matchless in his strength and courage ?
No Shah was like him in munificence ;
4) wrote from his own point of view, not that of the supposed
speaker.
HUB Ad {COMMONLY CALLED SHIRWI) 27
§•5
His heart quaked for the crown and throne, and when
The company dispersed that had dismayed him
28 THE SH Ah NAM A OF FIRDAUSl
With foul words clamouring for his father's blood,
And burning the youth's heart, he left the throne
Of kingship, clasped with honoured hands his head,
And wept blood on his breast. News of that weeping
And of the lamentation of the king,
Came to the host and all were in dismay.
They met, discussed Khusrau Parwiz, and cried :
—
"
If he shall sit upon the throne again
He will disgrace the captains of the host."
Whenas the sun rose o'er the darksome hills
The malcontents awoke and went to court.
The Shah, on hearing of it, took his seat
Upon the throne, and those of high degree.
Akin or alien, approached the presence.
They took their "seats with scowls but no one spoke.
The king said Gibbeting is the desert
:
O great O strong
! O hero ne'er cast down
! !
"
Where that imperial circlet, towering height ?
AVhcre are thine armlets and thine ivory throne?
Where all thy manliness, thy Grace, and might.
Who 'neath tliy wings hadst this world for thine
own ?
"
Ohwhither are thy dames and minstrels gone,
!
"
Where are the head, the crown that loved it well —
Mate of the earrings and the throne of gold ?
Where are Shabdiz, his stirrups and his scll-
The steed that 'neath thee ever caracol'd ?
"
Where are thy helmet, head, and habergeon
All golden and compacted gem to gem,
Thy cavaliers in gold caparison,
Whose swords made enemies the sheaths for I hem?
"
Where all the camels for thy progresses.
The golden litters and attendance rife,
Led steeds, white elephants, and dromedaries ?
Have one and all grown hopeless 01 thy life ?
KUBAD [COMMONLY CALLED SHIRW!) 31
"
Where arc thy fluent tongue and courteous,
Thy heart, thy purjiosc, and thine ardent soul ?
''
Oh trust not to this world \vhose remedy
!
"
It is by sons that kings obtain their might,
And are unblemished by time's travaihngs ;
"
None that shall lend an ear while men recall
Tiie story of Khusrau Parwiz nmst dare
To trust the world. Account as ruined all
Iran and as the pards' and lions' lair.
"
Of the Sasanian race the Shah w^as head — -
''
No man possessed a larger host than he.
Yet who had cause for justice to beseech ?
The great ])rotector brought the misery,
And now the wolves are making for the breach !
" '
O Shah devoid of shame
'
thus tell Shirwi,
!
'
Such conduct is Jiot ^vorthy of this court.
Count not upon thy trooj)s' lldelity
When war is rife o;i all sides.' God support
32 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSi
"
soul, my master
Thy and it is my prayer
!
§5
"
Our troubles secretly ?
'
VOL. IX. C
34 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSt
And shed tears from his eyelids on his cheeks
Bcaaiise his heart bare witness that the day
"
Of heaviness was near. He cried O wretch : !
needs
Must come. None is blood-thirstier than thou.
Come and behold my crown's top. If it be
Magnifical then do it reverence."
Shirin, on hearing this, was full of pain ;
"
I will not come to thee save in the presence
Of those wise men that are about thy court,
Men of experience and clerkly skill."
Shirwi dispatched and summoned fifty men
Both wise and old, then sent one to Shirin,
To say " Arise and come. Enough of talk."
:
Reading with P.
'
»
So far as the charge of witchcraft was concerned. Shirin (Vol.
viii., p. 389) had murdered Maryam, Kubad's mother.
' "
elle alia droit a la salle de fete de Schadegan." Mohl or,
more strictly, Barbier de Meynard, who completed the translation
from §4 to the end of the poem.
38 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSl
The virtuous. He sent to her to say :
—
"
Two months^ of mourning for Khusrau Parwiz-
Are o'er. Now be my wife that thou mayst take
Thy pleasure and avoid a mean estate.
I will maintain thee as my father did,
And e'en with more respect and tenderness."
"
Shirin replied Let me be righted hrst,
:
"
I want none but thyself. If I have thee
For wife Iran can give me nothing more.
40 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSl
I will not go from thy commands, but linm
My loyalty to thee upon mine eyes." —
The lady of the lovely face replied :
"
I still need somewhat of the Iranian king.
I have two wants if thou wilt bid me speak,
And may thy king of kingship last for ever."
"
Shirwi replied My soul is thine, thy wish,
:
"
Thus said Shirin :
—
This reprobate, whom
heaven above will curse,
Slew his own sire to comjiass crown and throne.
And may he never more see fortune's face !
:
>C/. p. 36.
XLV
ARGUMENT
Ardshir's accession is well received
by the people. He
makes son of Khusrau, the captain of the host. Guraz,
Piriiz,
on the pretext of avenging Khusrau Parwiz, but really with
the intention of seizing the kingship for himstlf, schenios to
bring about the death of the Shah who is murdered at a
banquet by Piniz.
NOTE
Ardshir (Artaxerxes III., September, A.D. 628 April, —
A.D. 630) was, according to Tabari, only seven years old
at his accession. By some accounts he was only one year
old at the time.^ He was of course a mere, puppet in the
"
hands of the nobles. The True Cross," if the date of its
elevation at Jerusalem —
Sept. 14th, A.D. 629 be correct, —
must have been restored during his reign. '^
-
'
XT, p. 386. ZT, ii., 347. NT, p. 392 note.
44 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSt
appears that Shalirbaiaz (Guraz) was not con-
§ 2. It
sulted raised to the throne, and he made
when Ardshir was
this an excuse for taking violent measures. The occasion
was a favourable one for an ambitious general in command
of an army. Moreover, he had an understanding, confirmed
by matrimonial alliances, with Heraclius, who no doubt
promised to recognise him if he became Shah. He accordingly
marched upon Ctesiphon with 6,000 or, according to another
account, 60,000 troops. The High Steward made an attempt
at resistance, but Shahrbaraz with the connivance of the
captain of the guard and other chiefs was successful and the
usual scenes of outrage and massacre ensued.^
§1
§2
thou
God's purj)oses give not the Div a way
;
"
C. 2053 Risk not the blood of the Iranian chiefs,
O noble man but hear what saith Guraz,
!
*
See Vol. i., p. 290 note.
ARDSlllR. SON OF SUlRWt 49
Alone remained. That man of
outrage rose,
Laid hand upon the Sliah's hps unawares.
And held it there until Ardshir was dead. ,
VOL. IX
XLVI
AKGUMENT
Guiaz, hearing of ArdshiVs death, marches on Taisafun and
urged on by his younger, though dissuaded by his elder son,
usurps the throne. His rule described. A plot is formed
against him and he is slain while returning from the chase.
The throne remains vacant for a while.
NOTE
C/. note to previous reign. Guraz (Shahr-Barz, April
—
27th June 9th, A.D. 630) reigned for forty days.^ He was
one of the three chief generals employed by Khusrau Parwfz
in his long war against the Eastern Roman Emj>ire. His
real name, according to Tabari, was Farruhan. This in
Palilavi would be Earrukhan, which by a misreading has
become Farayin in the Shahnama. 8hahrbaraz (Shahrguniz,
or Shahrwaraz) is, says Tabari, a title. Eirdausi uses the
"
shortened form Guraz, which moans boar," because it
is more convenient metrically. The title may have been
appropriate enough. In the Shahnama the general is split
up into two personalities
— Guraz or Farayin, the usurper,
and Shahranguraz, the avenger of the breach made by the
3S8 and
^
'
NT, p. 390 and note.
'
Id. pp. 2<j2. and )iotc. 7iote. Id.
50
Gl'UAZ (ALSO CALLLD l-AUAviS) 51
§1
Among the troops dared breathe for they were few. C. 2054
"
Ox bcaver-skins."
\
GURAZ {ALSO CALLED FARAvIN) 53
Shahranguraz
"
Replied The Iranians have sulTercd long.
:
Ilcariiin I his
That royal wai'iior sought how to st'l.
Hands on Ihr woillilcss Shah. Now lie one day
Took order and departed from the city
To hunt, anil of the Iranians a troop
Of and lioires fared, escortinir him.
lords
lie uro-ed his eourser on and rode about
As 'twere Azargashasp, the cavaliers
Encircling him and beating up the game.
Now at what time they tin-ned back city-wards
Shahranguraz looked at the hapless Shah
With boldness, chose an arrow from his quiver,
One that was straight and had a point of steel,
And urged his black steed while the host looked on.
He stretched the bow and drew it out at whiles
To chest or head, then notched, as if in sport.
An arrow on the string and drew the bow
Till it concealed the point, and loosed his thumb.
Forthwith the shaft struck on the monarch's back.
Who dropped his whip. The arrow was all blood
Up to the feathers and the iron head
Protruded from his navel. All the troops
Unsheathed and all that night while dust-clouds rose
They ])lied their swords and knew not whom they
fought,
But took and gave back blows and cursed or blessed
That deed. Now when the yellow Veil appeared.
So that the world seemed like a leopard's back,
There was a multitude of slain and maimed.
And cavaliers and leaders were astound.
That great host was dispersed like timid sheep c. 2057
When they perceive a wolf. Long they remained
Without a king none cared to claim the crown.
:
NOTE
Purandukht (Puranducht, summer A.D. 630 autumn —
A.D. 631), reigned, according to Tabari, for one year and
four months. Her name, it appears, should be spelt with a
"
B, not with a P. She is said to have restored the True
Cross," but it seems more probable that this was done in the
§1
56
PURANDUKHT 57
11" thine be
oj)ulencc or [)overty,
If hfe afTordeth gain or loss to thee,
If thou shalt win what thou dcsirest so.
Or disappointed be in wretchedness,
And whether thou be one of wealth or woe.
Both woe and wealth will pass away no less.
Reign as a Shah a thousand years, five score.
For sixty years or thirty, ten or four.
It Cometh to one thing, when all is done.
If thou hadst many years or barely one.
Oh may thine actions thine own comrades be,
!
AZAUMDUKHT
SHE REIGNED FOUR MONTHS
NOTE
Before Azarmdukht
(Azermidocht, end of A.D. 631
—
beginning of A.D. 632) came to the throne there seems to
have been a short interval during which a distant scion of the
royal House, who took the name of Piruz, ruled for less than a
month. The chief noble of the time, who was governor of
Khurasan, wished to make Azarmdukht his wile on wliich slie
had him privately executed. This noble's son was the Rustum
that fought and fell at Kadisiya some years later. On
hearing of his father's fate Rustam, who was in temporary
authority in Khurasan, marched with a great army against
Azarmdukht, oveithrew her and put her to death after she
had reigned six months. Her name probablv means " modest
girl."i
§1
'
I'or the above see NT, p. 303 ^'I'l notes, Z'l', ii, 350 seq.
59
6o THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSl
And follow precedent, for ye hereafter
Must make the bricks your pillow. I will foster
The loyal liege, assist him with dinars,
And if he erreth be longsuffcring ;
NOTE
Between, and even larlier than, the dcatli of Azarnidukht
and the accession of Yazdagird III., the order of the dynastic
succession becomes very confused. The names of the Shahs
vary in the different lists. The reason is that it was a period
§1
ARGUMENT
Yazdagird becomes Shah. The country is invaded by the
Arabs. He sends Rustani, the captain of the host, to oppose
them. Rustam takes a desjjondent view of the situation,
and after some attempt at negotiations is defeated by the Arabs
at Kadisiya and slain. The war continues, and Yazdagird
withdraws to Khurasan to get help from Mahwi of Sur, the
governor. Mahwi plots with Bizhan, a Turkish prince,
against Yazdagird, who is betrayed in battle and takes refuge
in a mill, where he is slain by tlie miller at the bidding of
Mahwi. Mahwi assumes the crown, makes war on Bizhan,
is taken prisoner, and put to death. The poem ends with a
brief passage, in which Firdausi gives some account of the
NOTE
64
YAZDAGIRD 65
murdered at the age of twenty-eight after a reign of twenty
3'ears.He was therefore only eight years old when a party
among the nobles set him up as a puppet king at Istakhr
(Persepolis), the old seat of empire, Ctesiphon at that time
being in the hands of a rival claimant of the throne. In the
contention that followed Yazdagird was successful, and in
the course of A.D. 633 he became recognised as sole Shah,
the administration remaining in the hands of the chiefs.^
He had succeeded to a heritage of woe. His empire was
ill-prepared for the troubles that were in store for it. Ex-
hausted by long wars, torn by domestic dissentions, and
lately devastated by plague, it had to confront a new and
vigorous organization inspired by religious enthusiasm and
impelled thereby to extend its borders on every side. Had
Yazdagird been a born leader of men and come to the throne
in the prime of life, he might for the time at least have been
successful, but in the circumstances, and taking into con-
sideration what we can gather as to his own character, we
can now see how hopeless from the outset his prospects were.
Students of Persian, however, have probably reason to feel
grateful to his reign, for even though we put aside as unsatis-
factory what tradition tells us on the subject, a reasonable
presumption remains that with the return of settled govern-
ment to a distracted country there was a revival of interest
in the story of the Iranian race and its heroes, and that com-
'
NT, p. 397 seq. and notes. '
Cf. Vol. i., p. 67.
'
Id. p. 10.
* '
Id. p. 7. Id. pp. 54, 135. 141.
VOL. I^v fi
66 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSt
tribes there was always the liability of raids and the dangeJ'
was much increased when Klmsrau Parw^iz was so unwise
as to put an end to the long-standing dynasty of the princes
of Hira and appointed a governor of his own in their stead. ^
In his reign too had occurred the disastrous battle of Dhu
Kar, in which the smallness of the forces engaged were out
of all proportion to tlie importance of the result. The Arabs
celebrated their victory with songs of triumph. ^ With that
inspiring memory and revelation of Persian weakness, with
the prospect of rich spoil to be won, and a nation of infidels
to be converted, it is not surprising that hostilities should
break out between the young and vigorous and the old and
enfeebled empire. Muhammad himself, tradition tolls us,
addressed a threatening letter to Khusrau Parwiz, who tore
"
it up, and the Prophet, on hearing of this, said He has
—
:
rent his own realm. "^ Muhammad died in June, A.D. 632
the month of tlie child Yazdagird's accession. x\bu Bakr,
the first Khalifa, being apprised by an Arab chieftain, who
had embraced Islam, of the state of the Persian empire,
sent his great general, Khalid, to begin hostilities. Khalid
was very successful in numerous engagements, and tem-
])orarily the whole tract bordering the western bank of the
Euphrates from the Roman frontier almost to the Persian
Gulf came into the hands of the Arabs. Khalid made Hira
his headquarters, and was preparing to attack Ctesiphon
and invade fran when he was recalled by Abu Bakr to take
command of the forces destined for the Syrian campaign.
" "
This is 'Umar's doing," said Khalid. He does not want
to see me conquer 'Irak."^ The departure of Khalid was the
Persians' opportunity. Encoiiraged by Rustam, who under
Yazdagird had become commander-in-chief, the inhabitants
of the conquered region rose against the Arabs but unsuccess-
fully. At this juncture Abu Bakr died and was succeeded
by 'Umar, who began his reign by giving Abii 'Ubaida the
chief command in Syria in the ])lace of Khalid. Then, it
is said, he
appealed publicly to the Faithful to volunteer
for the invasion of Persia and for two days in vain, the super-
session of Khahd having caused great indignation. It may,
however, have been thought that the acquisition of so m!ich
fertile territory and the consequent proximity to tlie Persian
' "
'
Vol. viii., p. 190. NT, p. 342. ZT, ii., 325.
<
Id. iii., 348.
YA/.DACIRD 67
'
\'()1. i., p. 154 seij.
-
Sec Vol. vi., p. 254. See Vol. vii., p. 1S7.
68 THE SH Ah NAM A OF FIRDAUSt
to have been followed by a majority of the inhabitants. The
Arabs came in for an immense booty according to Oriental
accounts. If, however, we take into consideration the
domestic troubles of the years preceding Yazdagird's accession,
and what must have been the financial needs of the short-lived
Shahs of that period, we are justified in suspecting that the
amount of precious metals and of the more portable forms
of wealth generally was not so great as has been affirmed.
Sa'ad, when he had established himself in the Persian cajiital,
asked permission of 'Umar to pursue Yazdagird who had
gathered a considerable army under the command of a
Mihran^ at Jalula in the neighbourhood of Hulwan. 'Umar
refused to allow Sa'ad to go in person and instructed nini to
send instead Hashim who was either his brother or his nephew.
Hashim was much inferior in point of numbers, and it was
six months before he brought the Persians to a decisive en-
gagement. He then won a complete victory, and followed
up his success at Jalula of Hulwan.
by the capture Yazdagird
fled to Rai and 'Umar, contejit for the moment with what
had been achieved, forbade any further advance. The next
stage of the Arab conquest was made outside the sphere of
Sa'ad's authority, who sent, however, by 'Umar's command
troops to assist. In the north Mesopotamia, and in the
south Khiizistan, were invaded and annexed. A raid was
made also across the Persian Gulf from Bahrain into Pars,
but without lasting results, as the Arab forces got into diffi-
culties and had to be rescued by an expedition sent for the
'p. 59. 'Sec Vol. vii., p. 214. 'pp. 5, 6, 59, 87, 95 seq.
' ' •
NT, p. 397 note. NIX, p. 13. ZT, iii., 474. Id. 404.
' ' '
Id. iv., 2. Id. 16. Id. iii., 398.
70 THE SHAhnAMA OP FiRDAUSf
Rustani was seated, and cut the cord that secured its load
of treasurewhich fell on Rustam's head. Thougli injured,
he made an atteinj)t to swim across the canal, Init was cauglit
by Ililal and slain. ^
§§9-11. There is a general agreement in Persian tradition
that Yazdigird did not die a natural death. The scene of it
is mostly laid at Marv, and the most pojndar version associates
§1
prove
Thy pillow at the last ;
§2
sides,
C. 2062 And bade Hurmuzd's son lead them forth. His name
'
He assumed this title.
YAZDAGIRD 73
"
Well may the revolutions of the sky
Fill the observer with disquietude !
§3
he replied
Whose rule is
justiee and beneficence.
May blessinos from Ilini rest upon the king.
The histro ol' the sionct, crown, and throne,
The loril of sword, of diadem and lasso,
Whose Cirace restraineth Ahriman in bonds.
A hateful matter hath occurred to us
In these uncalled for labours and this strife.
That learned man told him what was writ, and Rustam
"
Made answer : Tell him :
'
Thou art neither king
Nor an aspirant to the diadem,
But thou hast seen my fortune in eelipse,^
And so thy heart ambitioneth my throne.
The case is one of moment to the wise.
But thou hast not considered it. If Sa'ad
Had the Sasanian throne I well might share
His feasts and fights, but since the faithless stars
Bode ill, what shall I say ? This is the day
Of bale. If for my
guide I take INIuhammad,
And this new Faith
for old, all will go wrong-
Beneath crook-backed sky, and all go hard
this
With us.' But as for thee, depart in peace ;
§4
gloom,"
Reading with P.
»
84 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSt
While spears ne'er ceased to smite on glittering helms.
The strife endured three days, till water failed
The Iranians, and their warriors' hands and steeds
Became unfit for combat. Rustam's lips
Grew as the dust with drought, his tongue was split.
And men and horses battened on moist clav,
So grievous was the stress !
Share not mine ills then. AVe will mark the intent
Of circling heaven, its progress, and to whom
It showeth love. Resign yourself thereto :
They parted
AVith pain trouble, sorrow, care, and w^ailing.
and
So Farrukhzad, son of ITurmuzd, led forth
The troops and called the veterans of Iran,
And then the Shah set out with w^ail and woe.
The leader led the van. Stage after stage
He marched to Rai and tarried there for wine,
And minstrelsy, thence went he to Gurgan,
Like wind, and stayed one se'nnight sad or glad.
Departing thence toward Bust he set his face
With wrinkled cheeks and body in ill case.
§6
Attended ;
we debated and resolved
To take with us crown, throne, and seal and
signet.
All garments of Kashmir and Rum and Chin,
Such goods as we can gather from Kibchak
And from Kirwan, all that Ave have in hand
Of clothes and carpets, articles of gold,
With gems uncut and all that most we prize.
And provand and equipment for the future.
Of oxen forty thousand will drag loads
Of unthrashed corn and after these will come
Twelve thousand asses drawing loads of dates
For us. A trusty archimage will bring
Pistachios, millet, and pomegranate- juice.
Attending on the outcome they will send
Thereafter many asses' loads of salt.
And add a thousand camels' loads of millet,
Fat from the tails of sheep and butter-skins.
A thousand Bactrian camels will bring dates,
Another thousand sugar, as their loads.
Twelve thousand also will bring drums of honey.
All these will come at one time to the holds.
13esides all these my servants will bring in
Some forty thousand salted carcases.
And of black naphtha in the next two months
Three hundred camel-loads. An archimage
94 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSt
With escort will arrive from^ Shamiraii,
And from Mount Rada while, in sight of all
The elders and the wise, the moiuitain-chiefs,
Sent by the marchlords, will convey whate'er
Is needed to the gates and give the list
To our own treasurer, and if the Great
Among the folk wall but restrain themselves
They will in sooth receive no injury
Among the valleys and the lofty hills
From Arab or from Turkman. Help from you
In these our strenuous times will aid us much.
Our minister, that wise and holy man.
Will now give orders to our treasurer
To send five robes of Persian make to all
)77 That toil for us and, when those toils are over,
A splendid turban of gold broidery.
In these our present troubles each shall have
Two score drachms from our treasures, afterwards,
For service rendered, for each drachm three-score.
Each worth more than ten dangs,^ and he will read
'
This legend :In the name of holy God,
The Object of our reverence, hopes, and fears,'
Upon one side. The other side will bear
'
Our face and crown, the legend Through our love
:
'
The dang properly was a quarter of a drachm.
Y.lZn.lCIRD 95
§8
§9
Myself."
He therefore bade Barsam to lead
Ten thousand valiant cavaliers and swordsmen
To IMarv with all the implements of war
Ifhaply he might take the Shah. That host
Went like a flying pheasant from Bukhara
To Marv within one week. One night at cock-crow
The sound of tymbals went up from the plain.
How could the king of kings suspect Mahwi
Of Sur to be his enemy ? Shouts rose.
A cavalier reached Yazdagird at dawn
To say " Mahwi saith thus
: A host of Turks :
'
"
Earth is not able to support their host !
'
'
Two couplets omitted.
VOL. IX G
98 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSl
The Shah wroth donned his mail. The armies
ranged.^
He his troops to right and left, and all
formed
Advanced to battle. Spear in hand he held
The centre, and the whole world was bedimmed
With flying dust. He saw how lustily
The Turks engaged, unsheathed his sword, and came.
As 'twere an elephant before his troops.
Earth Nile-wise flowed. Like thundering cloud he
charged.
But not a warrior supported him ;
» •
See LEC, Reading with T.
>
Couplet omitted. p. 400.
YAZDAGTRD 99
"
And throne the grave's floor look upon ?
for sole
With mouth untasting and with tearful eyes
The Shah abode until the sun arose,
xVnd then the miller oped the mill-house door.
lie bore a truss of grass upon his back.
A low-born-man was he, by name Khusrau,
Poor, foolish, unrespected, i)urposeless.
He lived upon the profits of his mill.
Which gave him full employment. He beheld
A a lofty cypress, sitting
warrior, like
In dolour on the ground with kingly crown
Upon his head and with brocade of Rum
Bright on his breast his eyes a stag's, his chest
;
"
The Shah replied : I am Iranian-born,
In flight before the armv of Tiiran."
The miller said, abashed : "I have no comrade
Save penury, but still, if barley -bread,
loo THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSt
With some poor cresses from the river-bank,
Will serve thee I will bring them naught have I ;
"
,
For whom need'st thou the sacred twigs ?
Khusrau
"
Replied There is a warrior at the mill,
:
' '
"
No thane e'er set so tall a cypress-treej.'
§10
"
Why this audacity ? Thou hast opposed
The king of kings and cottoned with the Khan
And the Faghfur. Full many of this race
Have proved of no account yet men ne'er hasted
YAZDAGIRD 103
Be and excuse.
instant both in counsel
For not to hearken to the words of sages
Will mark thee out as evil in both worlds.
Men bring to naught things done a da}^ too late.
Afrdsiyab, whose daughter Farangfs married Siyavviish.
'
* '
I.e. history repeats itself. Vol. viii., pp. 354, 358.
YAZDAGIRD 105
§11
crown.
And barley-bread before him, to the dust !
"
They told Mahwi :—
The exalted Shah hath passed away from throne.
From battle and delights," and he commanded
To take, when it was night, the monarch's corpse.
And fling it in the stream. The miller took
The body of the Shah forth from the mill,
Reading the couplet that follows here two couplets lower.
'
YAZDAGIRD 109
Woe for the breast and arms, the hands and mace !
"
Another said :
—
Wise, knowledge-loving Shah sprung from Ardshir !
"
Said another one :
—
O famous thou hast departed
warrior !
§12
Reading with P.
»
VOL. IX H
114 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUSi
Call round thee
all the world-experienced men,
" —
Thou art a minister a peerless one " !
§13
"
In time news reached Bizhan Mahwi hath seized
:
The Oxus.
•
ii8 THE SHAHNAMA OF FIRDAUS!
No Shah is left or worshipper of Fire."
dudgeon
At those breastplates, helmets, shields of Chin,
all
At those maces, spears, and battle-axes
all
Of Chach. The air grew dark and earth was lost
To sight therein as he arrayed his host.
§14
"
The hand thus lopped, he said Cut oIT his feet
:
§15
'
In Vol. i., p. 35, the names arc given according to the reading
of BCM.
122 THE SHAHNAMA of FIRDAUSI
What time my years attained to ten times seven
And one my poetry surmounted heaven.
For five and thirty years I bore much pain
Here in this Wayside Inn in quest of gain,
But all the five and thirty years thus past
Naught helped they gave my travail to the blast,
;
123
124 INDEX
Astrologer, 73 Barda', city on the borders of
Azar, month and day. 17 Azarbaijan and Armenia,
Azar, AbMagan (Azargashasp 15
74
q.v.), Barsam, general of Bizlian 97.
Azargashasp, spirit of tlic light- 117
ning. 55 marches on Marv, 97, liG
temple of (Azar Abadagan) M^hwi's conduct to, 117
at Shiz (Takht-i-Salai- pursues and overtakes
m^n) in Azarbaijan, 75 Mahwi, 118
Azarmdukht, Shah, viii, 56, 50, captures Mahwi, 119
69 Bartas, region in Turkistan, 19
reproaches Kubad, 7 Barzfn, father of Kharrid, 4, 9,
end of, 59, 60 12, 27
Basra (Bassora), city on the
Shatt-el-Arab, 68, 69
B founded by 'Umar, 67
Battle of the Bridge, 5, 67
Babylon, 65, 92 Bizhan, Kh4n of Turks, viii, 70,
Zahh4k, king of, 65 96
Bactrian, camels, 93 M4hwf writes to, 96
Bad Awar, treasure, 20 consults his minister, 97
Baghdad, Persian settlement of, sends troops to Marv, 97
67 M^hwi makes war on, 115
raided by Arabs, 67 nic rches against Mahwi. 117
Baghdad, citj' (C/. Vol. viii, p. lays ambush for Mahwi, 118
109 note), 88 sends Barsim in pursuit of
Yazdagird quits, 88 Mahwi, 118
Bahrain, group of islands in hears of Malawi's capture,
Persian Gulf, 68 119
Bahram Chubina, frdnian hero, puts Mihwi to death, 120
6, 15, 16, 22, 91, 105 goes mad and kills himself,
assassination of, referred 120, 121
to. 4 Brahman, 21
Romance of, 5 Bridge, Battle of the, 5, 67
Bahrdm Gur, Shdh, 26, 77 Bukhara, city on the ZarafshAn
Baigand, city and fortress river in the province of
between Bukhara and Sughd, 97, 115, 117
Oxus, Bust, city in SistAn, 89
Mahwi encamps at, 118
Balkh, city, 116
bestowed by Mdhwi on his
son, 115
Bandwf, maternal uncle of Khus-
rau Parwiz 4 Ci^,SAR, 10, 23
execution of, referred to, 4, letter of, about the True
16, 104 Cross referred to, 22
B4rbad, minstrel, vii, 29 and Chdch (Tashkand), city in TiirAn,
note 115, 116
visits Khusrau I'arwiz in battle-axes of, 118
prison, 29 Chahram (Jahram), city in PArs
lament of, 30 29, 61
INDEX 125
Chin country (often =Tuidn), 10, Farab (Firabr), town on the
19, 41, 107, 118 Oxus opposite to Amwi,
sashes from, 12, 53 desert cf, 115, 118
gold thread of, 82 Fardyin (Gurdz, Shahrbardz^.w.),
Khdn of, 87 Shdh, vii, 50, 53, 105
merchantmen of, 89 accession-speech of, 52
shields of, 118 counselled by his eldest son,
Christ, 24, 109 52
Cross of, 23 counselled by his youngest
Christian, 23 son, 53
Commander of the Faithful, 72 misrule of, 53
'Umar, the first. 72 and note plot against, 54
Contents Table of, vii Faridiin, Shah, 25, 39, 53, 71,
Cross, the true, 4, 5, 10, 24 86, 103
restoration of, 7, 56 Farruhdn (Farrukhan). See Far-
of Christ, 23 ay in.
Elevation 43
of, Farrukhdn (Farruhdn). See Far-
Crystal, House 25 and note
of, dyin .
K
KABUL, city
Indian, scimitar, 17 falchion of, 98
script, 17 Kachar Bashi, city in Tiiran, 117
scribe, 17 Kadisiya, town west of Euph-
fraj, sonof Faridiin, 103 rates and near
'Irak, 66 Nedjef, 5, 73, 74, 77, 78
fran, viii, 9 seq., 15, 21,
vii, 22, Battle of, 5, 67, 69
31. 36, 38. 39. 44. 45. 51. date of, 67
66. 74. 75. 79. 85, 86, 88, canal of, 69
92, 96, 103, 106, 108, 113 Rustam advances to, 73
franian, frdnians, viii, 22, 23, Kaian, crown, 11, 105
40, 47, 48, 63, 73, 76, 88, Kai Kiiis, Shdh, 25
90, 116 Kai Khusrau, Shdh, 25, 103
homage Shirwl, 8 Kai Kubad, Shdh, 25
choose two chiefs to visit Kalat, stronghold, 91
Khusrau Parwiz in prison, Karan, Iranian hero, 25
9 Karkh, a suburb of Baghdad, 85
plot against Gurdz, 54 Arab defeat at, 85
go hunting with Gur^z, 55 Kashmigdn, son of Farrukhzdd,
race, 65 92
enmity of, with Semite, K4wa, the smith, 30
65 flag of, 30, 67
announces arrival of Shu'ba Khdlid, Arab general, 66
Mughira to Rustam, 82 begins hostilities against
defeat of, at Kidisfya, 84 Persian Empire, 66
retreat to Yazdagirtl, 85 recalled to lead Syrian cam-
—born, 99 paign, 66
128 INDEX
Kh^n of Chin, 87, 102 Kirwan (Karw4n, district north
= Bizhan,97 of Jaxartes ?), 93
Kharr^d, son of Barzin, Iranian Kisra Niishirwdn. See Nushir-
minister, 4, 11, 12, 24 wan .
to, 69
dagird, 68 robes, 94
defeats Pfriizan at Naha- transcribe Shahndma for
vand, 68 Firdausi, 121
slain, 69 Pestilence, in reign of Kubdd,
Niishirwdn, Sh4h, 22, 26, 71, 80, 3-7
92, 105, 109, no, 119 Piruz, son of Khusrau, minister
Letter of Counsel of, 22 of Ardshir son of Shirwi,
division of Empire by, 69 vii
dream of, 92 appointed general, 44
135
136 GENERAL LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
DFKHP. H'story cf the Parsis. By Dcsabliai Framji Karaka,
C.S.I.
DHA The History From tlie German of Professor
of Antiquity.
Max Duncker. the late Evelyn Abbot, M.A.
By
DZA. Professor Darmestcter's Trans, of the Zandavasta in the
Sacred Books of the East. Reference to Parts and pages. '
By Thomas Hyde.
HS. Syntagma Dissertationum quas olim auctor doctissimus
Thomas Hyde S.T.P. separatim edidit.
JFB. The earliest English version of the Fables of Bidpai . . .
By Mirkhond
. . Translated by YL. Rchatsek.
. . . .
Shea.
SP. The Periplusof the Erythraean Sea . Translated from . .
Anthony Troyer.
WLS. In the Land of the Lion and Sun ... By C. J. Wills. M.D.
WPR. The Parsi Religion. By John Wilson.
WPT. Dr. E. W. West's Trans, of the Pahlavi Texts in the Sacred
Books of the East. Reference to Parts and pages.
YMP. The Book of Sir Marco Polo newly translated. . . . . . .
THE SHAhnAma
The Prelude —
SECT.
1. Invocation 100
2. Discourse in Praise of Wisdom lOI
Of the Making of the World 102
3.
4. Of the Nature of Man 104
Of the Nature of the Sun . 105
6. Of the Nature of the Moon . 105
In Praise of the Prophet and his Companions 106
7.
8. On the Compilation of the Sh4hn4ma 108
9. Of the Poet Dakiki . 109
10. How the present Book was begun 109
11. In Praise of Abu Mansiir, Son of Muhammad no
12. In Praise of Sultdn Mahmud 112
139
140 GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS
HiJSHANG Vol 1
SKCT. PAGE
1. The Accession of Hushang and his civilising Arts 122
2. How the Feast of Sada was founded 123
Tahmukas-
I.
subdues the Divs, and dies ....
Tahmuras ascends the Throne, invents new Arts,
126
Jamshid —
I. The Greatness and Fall of Jamshid
2.
3-
4-
How Iblis turned Cook
How
....
The Story of Zahhak and his Father
Wrack
135
137
139
Zahhak —
The evil
Irma'iland Karma'il ....
Customs of Zahhak and the Device of
How
The Birth of Faridiin ....
Zahhak saw Faridiin in a Dream .
147
5-
How
Origin
Tha Story
......
Faridiin questioned his Mother about
154
6. How Faridiin went to Battle with Zahhak .
FARfoiiN-
I. How Faridiin ascended the Throne . .
.174
2. How Faridiin sent Jandal to Yaman . .
.177
How the King of Yaman answered Jandal 181
.......
.
3- .
......
. . .
of Miniichihr
. .
.
205
206
208
17- How Faridun received his Sons' Message . .
209
18. How Faridun made Answer to his Sons . . 211
19. How Faridun sent Miniichihr to fight Tiir and Salm 215
20. How Miniichihr attacked the Host of Tiir . .218
GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS 141
FARfDiJN {continued) Vol. I.
SECT PAGE
21. How Tiir was slain by IMinucliihr 220
22.
23.
Faridiin
How Karan took
.......
How Mini'ichihr wrote to announce his
.
223 .
221
MiNUCHIHK — -
1.
2.
How
Oration
The Birth of Zal
.......
Minuchihr ascended the Throne and made an
...... 237
239
How Sam had a Dream touching the Case of his Son 243
3.
4.
5.
.......
How Miniichihr took Knowledge of the Case of Sam
and Zal
How Zal went back to Zabulistan .251
. .
248
.......
. .
15.
16. How Mihrab was made aware of his Daughter's
Case 284
17. How Minuchihr heard of the Case of Zal and
18.
19.
Riiddba
How Sam came to Miniichihr
How S4m went to fight Mihrab
....
.... 289
292
288
21.
22.
23.
How Mihrab was wroth with Sindukht
How Sam comforted Sindukht ....
How Z41 came to Minuchihr with Sam's Letter
299
301
306
. .
29.
30.
31.
The Story of the JMrth of
How Sdm came to see Rustam
How Rustam slew the White Elephant
....
Rustam . .
.
.
.
320
324
327
142 GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS
MintJciiihr {continued) Vol.. I.
SECT PAGE
How Rustam went to Mount Sipand 330
......
. . .
34-
Victory to Zal
The Letter of Zal to
35- Miniichihr's last Counsels to his
.....
Sam
Son . . .
332
334
335
Naudar —
I. How Naudar succeeded to the Throne .
339
2. How Pashang heard of the Death of Miniichihr 342
3- How Afrdsiyab came to the Land of fran 345
4-
Kubad was slain .....
How Barman and Kubad fought together and how
346
6.
How
Time .......
Afrdsiyab fought with Naudar the second
10.
Iist4n .......
How Shamasas and Khazarwan invaded Zabu-
....
How Zal came to help Mihr^b
358
359
II. How Naudar was slain by Afrasiyab .
362
12. How Zal had Tidings of the Death of Naudar 364
13- How Ighriras was slain by his Brother .
367
Zav-
I . Zav is elected Shah 370
GarshAsp-
I. How Garshisp succeeded to the Throne and died,
2.
and how Afrasiyab invaded fran
How Rustam caught Rakhsh ....
How Zal led the Host against Afrasiyab
.
374
378
381
.......
3-
4- How Rustam brought Kai Kubad from Mount
Alburz 382
Index 389
VOLUME n
PAGE
Genealogical Tables 3
Abbreviations. 5
Note on Pronunciation 6
2.
How
....
Kai Kubdd ascended the Throne and warred
against Turin
How Rustam fought with Afrasiyab .
II
13
3. How Afrasiydb came to his Fatlior 16
4. How l^vshang sued to Kai Kubad for Peace 18
5. How Kai Kubad came to Istakhr of Pdrs 22
GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS 143
Kai KAxJs— Vol. II
Part I. The War with MAzandarAn —
SICCT. PAGE
1. The Prelude 29
2.
to invade Mazandardn .....
How K4us sat upon the Throne and was tempted
.... 30
3.
4.
5.
How Z41 gave Counsel to Kaiis
How Kdiis went to Mazandaran
The Message of
. ...
Kai Kaus to Zal and Rustam .
36
38
42
How Rustam
fouglit with a
found a Spring
44
46
7.
8.
Dragon .......
The Third Course.
........
9. .
12.
Di'v Arzhang......
The Sixth Course. How Rustam fought with the
White Div 59
How Kaiis wrote to the King of Mazandardn 63
......
.
13.
14. How Rustam went on an Embassy to the King of
MAzandaran 66
How Kkus fought with the King of Mdzandaran 70
......
.
15.
16. How Kiiis returned to the Land of trkn and fare-
welled Rustam 76
2.
var^n .......
How Kai Kaus warred with the King of Hama-
How Kdiis asked to Wife Suddba, the Daughter
82
.......
. .
4.
5. How Rustam sent a Message to the King of Ham-
avaran 93
6.
ered Kaus .......
How Rustam fought with Three Kings and deliv-
95
7.
8.
9.
How Kaiis sent a Message to Afrasiyab
How Kdiis ordered the World ....
How Kaiis beguiled by Iblis ascended the Sky
. .
.
98
loi
102
10. How Rustam brought back Kaiis . . •
104
4.
5.
How Tahmina, the
gan, came to Rustam
The Birth of Suhrab.
Daughter
....
of the
....
King of Samai
123
126
6. How Suhrab chose his Charger .
127
7. How Afrasiyab sent Barmdn and Human to Suhrji 129
8. How Suhrab came to White Castle 131
9- How Suhrab fought with Gurdafn'd 132
10. The Letter of Gazhdaham to Kaiis 136
II. How Suhrab took White Castle .
'37
12.
13-
How
from Zabulistan .....
Kaiis wrote to Rustam and summoned him
17-
of fran ......
How Suhrab asked Haji'r the Names
How Suhrab attacked the Army of Kaiis
of the Chiets
152
159
18. How Rustam fought with Suhrab Ib2
19. How Rustam and Suhrab returned to Camp. 165
20. How Suhrab overthrew Rustam. 168
21. How Suhrab was slain by Rustam 172
22. How Rustam asked Kaiis for an Elixir .
177
23- How Rustam lamented for Suhrab 179
24. How Rustam returned lo Zabulistan . 182
25- How Suhrab's Mother received the Tidings oi hi
Death 184
—
Part IV. The Story of SiyAwush
1. The Prelude .....
2. The Story of the Mother of Siyawush
•
.
191
193
3. The Birth of Siyawush 195
4. How Siyawush arrived from Zabulistan 197
3. The Death of the Mother of Siyawush. 199
6. How Siidaba fell in Love with Siyciwush 200
7. How Siydwush visited Siidaba . 202
8. How Siydwush visited the Bower the second Time 206
9.
10.
11.
How Siidaba beguiled Kdiis ....
How Siyawush visited the Bower the third Time
How Siidiba and a Sorceress devised a Scheme
210
21
214
1
......
.
34.
How
How
Afrasiyab .....
Siyawush displayed his Prowess
......
40.
41. How Siyawush discoursed with Piran about the
Future 282
42. How Afrasiyab sent Piran into the Provinces 285
43. How Siyawush built Siyawushgird 285
44. How Piran visited Siyawushgird 287
45. How Afrasiyab sent Garsiwaz to SiyAwush .
289
46. The Birth of Farud, the Son of Siyawush 291
How Siyawush played at Polo 292
......
47.
48. How Garsiwaz returned and spake Evil before
Afrasiyab 296
49. How
Garsiwaz returned to Siyiwush .
301
50. The Letter of Siyawush to Afrasiyab .
306
51. How AfrAsiyib came to fight witli SiyAwush 307
52. How Siyawush had a Dream 308
53. The Parting Words of Siyawush to Farangfs. 310
54. How Siyawush was taken by .Vfrasiyib 312
55. How Farangis bewailed herself before Afrdsiydb 317
56. How Siyawush was slain by Gurwi 320
57. How Piran saved Farangis 323
VOL. l.X
146 GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS
Kai Kaus —
Part The Story of Siyawush — Vol. II
IV.
....
-
[continued)
SECT. PAGE
58. The Birth Kai Khusrau
of 325
59. How Piran entrusted Kai Khusrau to the Shep-
herds . . . . . .
.328
60.How Piran brought Kai Khusrau before AfrasiyAb 330
61. How Kai Khusrau went to Siyawushgird . .
333
Part V. How Rustam avenged Siyawush and how
Giv BROUGHT Kai Khusrau to TrAn —
1. Firdausi's Lament over his old Age . . .
336
2.
3.
4.
How Rustam came to Kaiis ....
How Kaiis heard of the Case of SiyAwush
How Rustam slew Sudaba and led forth the Host.
. .
337
338
340
5. How Faramarz slew Warazad . .
.341 .
13-
Siyawush ......
How Zawara went to the Hunting-ground of
How Rustam harried the Land of Tiiran
339
360
14. How Rustam returned to fran .
361
15- How Giidarz had a Dream of Kai Khusrau .
363
16. How Giv went to Tiiran in Quest of Kai Khusrau 365
17- The Finding of Kai Khusrau 369
18. How Giv and Kai Khusrau went to Siyawushgird 373
How Kai Khijsrau won Bihzad 374
.......
19. .
Note on Pronunciation
THE KAIANIAN DYNASTY
Kai Khusrau — [contimied)
2.
The Prelude
How
.......
the Nobles did
Homage to Kei Khusrau
15
3. How
Realm .......
Kai Khusrau made a Progress through his
17
19
4.
5.
How
....
Kai Khusrau sware to Kai Kaus to trike
Vengeance on Afrasivab
How Kai Khusrau numbered the Paladins
20
....... 24
.
to Turkistan
37
38
11. How Faruil heard of the Coming of Tiis 41
iz. How Fan'id and Tukhar went to view the Host 44
13. How Bahram came to h'arud upon the Mountain 47
14. How IJaliram went back to Tus 51
How
Rivniz was slain by Farud 52
16. tlow Zarasp was slain
by Farud 53
How Tiis fought with Farud 54
i8. How Gi'v fought with Farud
57
19- How Bizhan fought with Fariid
20.
21.
How
How
Fariid was slain
Jarira slew herself
....
....
. bi
62
66
How Tus led the Host to the Kdsa Riid, and how
ralashan was slain by Bizhan 68
^3- How the frAnians suffered in a Snowstorm .
71
24. How I3ahr4m captured Kabuda 73
How the franiaus foufijht with Tazhav
75
26. How Afrasiyab iiad Tidings of Tiis and his Host 78
14^ GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS
Kai Khusrau —
The Story of Farud the Son of Siyawush {continued)
—
Vol III
SECT.
27. How Piran made a Night-attack on the franians .
32.
the Battlefield
How Bahram was slain by Tazhav
.....
How Bahram returned to look for his Whip upon
10.
11.
How
of fran ......
the Turanians used Sorcery against the Host
14.
Hov/ Piran went
Mount Hamawan
in
....
Pursuit of the franians to
16.
17.
How
How
of Kai Khusrau
Tiissaw Siyawush
....
Fariburz asked to Wife Farangis, the Mother
in a Dream
18.
19.
How
Piran ......
Afrasiyab sent the Khan and Kamiis to help
23.
Army of fran ......
How the Khan of Chin went to reconnoitre the
How Fariburz reached Mount Hamawan
24. How Piran took Counsel with the Khan of Chin
25.
26. The Coming of .....
How Giv and Tiis fought with Kamiis.
Rustam
27.
28.
How
Hosts
How Rustam
.......
the franians and Turanians arrayed their
31.
How
Array .......
the franians and Turanians set the Battle in
2.
How the
of
Kh4n
Kamus ......
of Chin
Q.
Array ......
How the Iranians and Turanians set
How Rustam reproached Piran .
the Battle in
217
10. How the Battle was joined 219
II. How Shangul fought with Rustam and fled . 221
12. How Rustam fought with Sawa. 223
13. How Rustam slew Gahar of Gahan 224
14. How the Khan was taken Prisoner 227
15. How the Host of the Turanians was defeated 230
16. How Rustam divided the Spoil .
232
17. How Rustam wrote a Letter to Kai Khusrau 237
18. How Kai Khusrau made Answer to Rustam'
Letter 239
19.
20.
How
Army ......
Afrasiyab had Tidings of the Case of his
23. How
Puladwand fought with Civ and Tiis .
257
24. How Rustam fought with Puladwand .
259
25. The Wrestling of Rustam and Puladwand . 262
26. How Afrasiyab fled from Rustam 265
27. How Rustam returned to the Court of the Shdh 267
28. How Rustam went back to Sistdn 269
3.
How Kliusrau
Di'v Akwan ....
summoned Rustam
.......
4.
5. How Bizhan went to see Manizha, Daughter of
Afrasiyab 296
6. How Bizhan went to the Tent of Manizha . .
298
7. How Manizha carried off Bizhan to her Palace .
299
8. How Garsiwaz brought Bizhan before Afrasiyab .
301
9. How Piran begged Bizhan's Life from Afrasiyab .
305
10. How Afrasiyab put Bizhan in Ward . . .
309
ir. How Gurgin returned to fran and lied about Bizhan 310
12. How Giv brought C-urgin before Khusrau . •
315
13. How Kai Khusrau saw Bizhan in the Cup that
showed the World . . .
.318 .
18. How Ivai Khusrau held Feast with the Paladins 329 .
19. How Rustam made Petition for Gurgin to the Shah 331
20. How Rustam equipped his Escort .
333 . .
VOLUME IV
page
Abbreviations. 3
Note on Pronunciation 4
GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS 151
Til !•: K \ I AX A\
I DYNASTY (roiitiuued)
Vol IV
Kai Khusrau {coil till tied)
—
Part Uattle ok Twelve Rukiis —
\I. Tiii£
sia-T.
2.
1. The Prelude
How
......
tiii-;
5.
How
How
Giidarz to Pi'ran .....
Giv was made the Bearer of Ovcituics from
27.
How
How
Eleven Rukhs .....
Gudarz and Piran arranged a Battle
......
7.
8. How Kai Khusrau fought with Shida the Son
Afrasiyab 171
9- How Shida was slain by Khusrau 175
10.
II.
12.
How Afrasiyab fled.....
How the Ba,ttle was joined between the Hosts
How Kai Khusrau announced his Victory to Kaiis
177
i>^3
185
13- How Afrasiyab went to Gang-bihisht 186
14. How Khusrau crossed the Jihiin 187
15.
16. How
second Time .....
How Kai Khusrau fought with Afrasiyab the
Afrasiyab took Refuge in Gang-bihisht
lyo
193
17. The Letter of Afrasiy4b to the Faghfur of Chin 196
18. How Kai Khusrau arrived before Gang-bihisht 198
19. How Jahn came to Kai Khusrau with an Embas
sage from Afrasiyab . 200
20. How Kai Khusrau made Answer to Jahn 204
21.
22. How
Gang-bihisht ....
How Kai Khusrau fought with Afrasiyab and took
Afr^siyib fled from Gang-bihisht
207
21
.......
I
.vr.K
26.
How
of his Victory to Kai Kai'is ....
Kai Kluisrau wrote a Letter with tlic News
31.
Khusrau .......
How the Faghfur of Chin sent an Envoy to Kai
....
How Afrasiyab crossed the Sea
229
230
32.
33.
to Kai'is with a Letter .....
How Kai Khusrau sent the Prisoners and Tieasure
The Answer of Shah Kaiis to the Letter of Khusiau
232
40.
How
How
Ivai
Land .....
Khusrau returned from
of Iran
Ti'iran
256
41.
42.
How
of r'aridun .....
Afrasiyab was captured by Hum of the Race
......
47.
48. How the Nobles inquired why Khusrau had closed
his Court 275
49. How the frinians summoned Zal and Rustam 277
50. How Kai Khusrau saw Surush in a Dream . 280
51. How Zal admonished Kai Khusrau 282
52. How Kai Khusrau answered Zal. 284
53. How Zal rebuked Kai Khusrau. 2S6
54.
himself ......
How Kai Khusrau answered and how Z^l c^cused
288
55. How
Iranians ......
Kai Khusrau gcve his last Charge to th
291
56. How
Mandatary .....
Kai Khusrau apiiointcd Gudarz to be hi
294
154 GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS
Kai Khusrau —
Part VII. The Great War, elc. {continued)
— Voi.. IV
SECT. rAOK.
57. How Zal asked of Kai Khusrau a Patent for Rustam 296
58. How Kai Kausrau gave a Patent to Giv 298 . .
62.
63.
vanished in the Snow .....
How Kai Khusrau went to the Mountains and
How the Paladins were lost in the Snow .
303
.308
64. How Luhrasp had Tidings of the Disappearance
of Kai Khusrau . . . . .
.311
LuhrAsp—
1. How Luhrasp built a Fire-temple at Balkh . .
316
2. How Gushtasp quitted Luhrasp in Wrath .
.318
3.
4.
5.
How Gushtasp returned with Zarir
How Gushtasp set off for Rum
How Gushtasp arrived in Rum
....
....
. . .
320
323
324
6. How a Village-chief entertained Gushtasp .
.327
7. The Story of Katayun the Daughter of Caesar .
329
8. How Caesar gave Katdyiin to Gushtasp .
-331
9. How Mirin asked in Marriage Caesar's second
10.
11.
Daughter
How Gushtasp slew the Wolf
How Ahran asked Caesar's third Daughter
.... in
333
337
Marriage 34-
12. How Gushtasp slew the Dragon and how Caesar
gave his Daughter to Ahran. . . .
346
13. How Gushtasp displayed his Prowess upon the
Riding-ground . . . . . •
349
14. How Caesar wrote to llyas and demanded Tribute. 352
15. How Gushtasp fought with llyas and slew liim .
355
16. How Ca;sar demanded from Luhrasp Tribute for
fran 35^
17.
18.
How
How
Cajsar .......
Zarir carried a Message from Luhrasp to
5
3
GushtAsp —
Part I. The Coming of Zarduhsht, clc. [continued)
— Vol. V
SKCT. PAOt:
3. How
accepted his livaiigul ....
Zarduhsht appeared and how Giishtasp
33
4.
5.
Iran .......
Mow Gushtasp refused to Arjasp the Tribute for
Hew Arjasp wrote a Letter to Gushtisp
35
37
6. How .\rjasp sent Envoys to Gushtasp. 4°
7. How Zarir made Answer to Arjasp 4-i
8. How the Envoys
Li-ttcr of GushtcLsp ....
returned to Arjasp with
.......
.
9.
10. How Jamasp foretold the Issue of the Battle to
Gushtasp 48
1 1. How Gushtasp and ArjAsp arrayed their Hosts .
54
iz. The Beginning of the Battle between the franians
13.
.....
and Turanians, and how Ardshir, Shirii, and
Shidasp were skin
How Girami, Jamasp's Son, and Xfvzar w-ere slain
56
58
14. How Zari'r, the Brother of Gushtasp, was slain by
Bidirafsh Oi
15. How Asfandiyar heard of the Slaying of Zarir .
65
16. How Asfandiyar went to Battle with Arjasp . 66
17.
18. ...
How Nastiir and Asfandiyar slew Bidirafsh.
How Arjasp iied from the Battle
.
69
71
19.
20.
diyar .......
How the Turkmans received Quarter from Asfan-
...
How Gushtasp returned to Balkh
72
74
2 How Gushtasp sent Asfandiyar to all the Provinces,
.......
1 .
.
.
.
78
80
82
25. How Gushtasp w-ent to Sistan and how Arjasp
arrayed his Host the second Time. . .
85
26. Words of Dakiki being ended, Firdausi
The
........
.
31.
32. How Asfandiyar came to the Mountain to Gush-
tasp 106
33. How Gushtasp sent Asfandiyar the second Time
to fight Arjasp . . . . . . 1 1
)
156 GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS
GusHTASP^ Vol. V
Pakt II. The Story of the Seven Stages —
SECT. PAGE
1. The Praise of Mahim'ul the great King. . .118
The Seven Stages of Asfandiyar —
2. The First Stage : How Asfandiyar .slew two
Wolves iig
.......
. . . . . . .
6.
The
The
Fourth
Witch
Fifth Stage
....
Stage:
:
How
How
Asfandivar
Asfandiyai
1
slew
slew
.. a
the
128
Simurgh . . . . . .
.131
7. The Sixth
Stage How Asfandiyar passed
:
.
.
-155
14. How Asfandiyar wrote a Letter to Gu^lita.'^p and
his Answer . . . . .
.159
15. How Asfandiyar returned to Gushtasp . . 161
SKCT. I'AOK
13.
16.
How Rustam
How
answered
own Race and Deeds
Asfandiydr boasted of his Ancestry
.....
Asfandiyar, praising his
. .
202
204
17. How Rustam vaunted his Valour . . .
207
18. How Rustam drank wine with Asfandiyar . . 210
19. How Rustam returned to his Palace . .
.215
20. How Zal counselled Rustam . . . .218
21. How Rustam fought with Asfandiyar . . . 222
22. How the Sons of Asfandiyar were slain by Zawaia
and Faramarz . . . . .
.225
23. How Rustam fled to the Heights . . .
229
24. How I^ustam took Counsel with his Kin . .
234
25. How the Simurgh succoured Rustam . . .
235
26. How Rustam went back to fight Asfandiyar.
....... 240
.
Part IV.
1. The Prelude .......
The Story of Rustam and Shaghad
261
~
2.
3.
How Rustam went
How
Brother Shaghad
to
.....
Kabul on behalf
4.
ground
therein
and
.
. .
fell
.
268
271
5. How Zal received News cf the Slaying of Rustam
and Zawara, and how Faramarz brought their
Coffins ami set them in the Charnel-house 273 .
2.
3.
Asfandiyar
How Bahman put Z41 in Bontis
How Faramarz fought with Bahman
. .
....
. .
to Death 287
4. How Bahman released Z41 and returned to fran . 288
5. How Bahman married his own Daughter Humdi
and appointed his Successor. . . .
290
158 GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS
HumAi— Vol. V
SFX'T. PAGE
1.
2.
Farat in an Ark ......
How Humai cast away her Son Dar^b on the River
How the Laundercr brought up Darab.
294
296
. .
4.
....
his Parentage, and how he fought against the
Riimans
How Rashnawad learned the Case of Darab
300
302
5. How Darab fought against the Host of Rum 305
6. How Humai recrgnised her Son. 307
7. How Humai seated Darab upon the Throne 309
Index 313
VOLUME VI
....
........
Genealogical Table of the Sasanians
PAGE
Abbreviations.
Note on Pronunciation ....... 3
5
8
......
. .
......
harangued the Chiefs and took Order
for the Realm 34
tc the ......
2. The Death of Failakiis and Sikandar 's Accession
Throne
3.
4.
How
How
Dara .......
Sikandar went as his own Ambassador
38
42
5. How Dara fought with Sikandar the second Time. 43
6. How
and how Dara fled to Kirman ...
Sikandar fought with Dara the third Time,
46
7.
8. How Dara was slain by his Ministers ...
How Dara wrote to Sikandar to propose Peace .
49
9.
10. How
died ........
How Dara told his last Wishes to Sikandar and
Sikandar wrote to the Nobles of Irin . .
50
52
57
Sikandar —
1. How Sikandar sat upon the Throne of fran . .
85
2. How Sikandar wrote to Dilarai and Riishanak,
8. How
and announced the
Wonders ....... Sending
10. How the Ten Sages brought the Daughter, the Cup,
11.
......
the Leech, and the Sage, from Kaid of Hind
to Sikandar
How Sikandar tested the Sage, the Leech, and the
103
34. How
Sikandar marched toward Babil and found
the Treasure of Kai Khusrau in a City 1
76 . .
13. How Ardshir fought with Haftw4d and was worsted 236
Ardshir .......
14. How Mihrak of Jahram sacked the Palace of
16. How
Shift to slay
Ardshir slew Haftwad
it . .
....
. . .
.239
244
2.
How
fJaghdad .......
Ardshir Papakan sat upon the Throne in
.......
. .
1 1.
Thanksgiving to the Maker and Praise of Mahmiid,
the great King . . . .291
. .
How
Yaman to fight him, and how his Daughter
fell in Love with Shapur
Tair was bemused by his Daughter and how
.... 330
.......
3.
she came to Shapur, who took the Hold and
slew Tair 333
4. How Shapur went disguised as a Mci chant to Riim,
5.
how he was taken by
ravaged the Land of fran
How the Damsel took Measures to free Shapur, ard
....
Caesar, and how Caesar
335
8.
How
was taken .......
Shapur made a Night-attack, and how Ca?sar
Caesar's Brother . . . . .
'351
9. How the Rumans placed Bazanush upon the
Throne of Cajsar
the Answer. ...... ; his Letter to Shapur and
3p3
GENERAL TABLE 01- CONTENTS 163
Shapur, Son of Urmuzd, {continued)
— Vol. VI
PAGE
SECT.
11. How
.......
10. How BazAniish went to Shapur and* made a Treaty
cf Peace
JMani, the Painter, came to
335
Shapur with Pre-
was sld in
tence of being a Prophet, and . .
358
12. How Shapur made his Brother Ardshir Regent till
ended .......
his own Son should grow up, and how his Days
360
.....
upon the Throne and gave a
Charge to the Officers 363
2.
Charge to the Officers .....
Hov/ Yazdagird sat upon tlie Throne and gave a
5.
Chase before Munzir .....
How Bahram showed his Accomplishment in the
How Bahram came with Nu'man to Yazdagird .
384
386
6. How Yazdagird put liahram in Bonds, how he
7.
....
escaped by the good Offices of Tainiish, and
how he returned to Munzir
How Yazdagird, by the Advice of an Archmage,
389
10.
9.
and invaded fran .....
How Baliram Gi'ir heard of the Death of his I-'ather
Tfow the Iranians heard of Bahram's Pillaging
395
12.
him ........
of Munzir, and how the Iranians went out to
Index .
how Bahram
upon the Throne
. . ,
.....
slew the Lions and took his Seat
409
413
VOLUME VII
BahrAm Gur —
sect.
1. How Bahram ascended the Throne, charged the
Officers,and wrote Letters to all the Chiefs .
7
2. How Bahram pardoned the Fault of the Iranians,
3.
farewelled Munzir and Nu'man, and remitted
the Iranians' Arrears of Taxes
How Bahram went to the House of Lambak, the
... 9
8.
The Story of the young Shoemaker and how
Bahram allowed Wine again .
1 1.
How Bahram found the Treasures of Jamshid and
bestowed them upon the Poor
How Bahram, returning from Hunting, went to the
... 34
.......
.
14.
How Bahram went to the
Daughters of the Thane Barzin
How Bahram
slew Lions, went to the House of a
...
Chase and espoused the
48
19.
.....
liis Skill before the Princes, and retuined to
21.
took him
How
.......
How Bahram attacked the Host of the Khan and
Bahrain took a Pledge from the Tur;mians,
89
.......
. .
35.
How Bahram
Daughter of Shangul .....
from Hindustan to fran with the
fled
HURMUZ — -
8.
How Nushirwan rejected the Faith of Mazdak and
How
slew him and his Followers
Kubad nominated Kisri as Successor;
.... 205
Niishfrwan ......
and how the Great gave him the name of
209
GENERAL TAI^LE OF CONTENTS 167
Ni^sHfRwAN — Vol. VII
TAKr I. Nushirwan's Administration of the
Realm, his Wars with Frontier-Tribes
and with kum, and the revolt of
NUSHZAD
8KCT. PAOE^
1. The Prelude 220
2. How Nushirwdn ascended the Thruiie and made
an Oration to the Iranians . .221
. .
8.
of Baliich and Gilan .....
How Nushirwan chastised the Alans anil the Men
How Munzir, the Arab, came to Nushirwan for
239
......
.
g.
10. How the Letter of Nushirwan reached Caesar and
how he replied 248
11. How Nushirwan went to war with Caesar . .
249
12. How Nushirwan took divers Strongholds in his
March to Rum . . . • . •
-54
13. The Battle of Nushirwan with Farfuriyus, the
Leader of Caesar's Host, the Victory of Nushir-
14. How
kiya ........
wan, and his Capture of Kaliniyiis and Anta-
19.
....
Warden of the March of Mada'in, respecting
the Taking of Nushzad
How Ram Barzin fought with NushzAd, and how
2G7
Biizurjmihr
307
NiishirwAn ......
Mihran, with a Letter and Treasures to
NusIlfRWAN
Part 111. The Story or MAiiisun, clc. {continued)-- Vol. VII
i--\t-i'^
si;cT. ,.
2.
Nushirwin ......
1. How the Kaja of Hind sent the Game of Chess
Index
.......
Barzwi brought back the Book of Kalila and
VOL. VIII
Abbreviations ........
......
Note on Pronunciation
page
xv
xvi
2.
How
ordered him to be put in Ward ...
Nushirsvan was wroth with Buzurjmihr and
2. How
Caesar .......
How Niishirwan made ready to
......
SECT. I-AGE
5. How the Archimages qiicstioned Hunmizd and
how he repHed 57
6. How Nushirwan appointed llurmuzd as his Suc-
cessor and gave him parting Counsels . . 61
How Nushirwan had a Dream and how Buzurjmihr
......
7.
interpreted it as signifying the Appearance of
Muhammad 66
3.
the Chiefs
How Hurmuzd
.......
How Hurmuzd ascended the Throne and harangued
slew fzid Gashasp, Zarduhsht,
78
8.
How Bahram
made
How Bahram
Chubi'na came to
Captain of the Host ....
Hurmuzd and was
18. How
Parmrida came before llurmuzii with llie
Treasures sent by Hiihraiii Clii'il)ina . . 1
49
19. How Iliinmizd hoard of tlie Ill-doing of Hahrani
Chubina and made a Compact with the Khan 151
20. How Hnrmuzd wrote a chiding Letter to Bahram
Chubi'na and sent him a Distaff-case, Cotton,
and Women's Raiment .
-153 . .
by his Comrade . . . .
.177
29. How Hurmuzd grieved, refused Audience to the
Iranians, and was blinded by Bandwi and
Gustaham . . . . . • .182
Parwiz heard of the Blinding of
•
.
. •
.184
.
• .
.196
Parwiz sat upon the Throne and
made an Oration . . . . .
-197
3. How Khusrau Parwiz visited his Father and asked
Forgiveness . . . . • .198
4. How Bahram Chubina heard of the Minding of 1
6.
and parleyed ....••
>Iow Khusrau Parwiz and Bahram Chubina met
12.
.......
the Kingdom, and liow he acceded to the
Tlirone
How Bandwi plotted with Bahram, the Son of Siya-
239
13.
wush, to slay Bahram Chubina, and how
Bandwi fled from Bond
How Khusrau Parwiz went toward Riim by the
.... 245
14.
.....
Desert-route and how a Hermit told him of
the Past and Future
How a Cavalier of Caesar came to Khusrau Parwiz
249
15.
.....
Balwi, Andiyan, Kharrad, Son of Barzin, and
Shapur to Csesar. 257
How Caviar answered the Letter of Kliusrau Parwiz 2G0
16. How Caesar wrote to Khusrau Parwiz, declining to
help him, and his Answer . . . .261
17. How Caesar wrote the second Time to Khusrau
Parwiz about giving him Aid 264
.......
. . .
51.
How Gurdya made Sport before Khusrau
and how he gave Rai to her
How Khusrau Parwiz portioned out his Realm
.... 367
368
I'arwiz
.......
.
57. liow the Nobles heard that Shirin had come to the
Bower of I\husrau Parwiz and how they
advised him and were satisfied with his Answer 3 86
58.
59.
wiz put Shirwi in Bonds ....
How Shirin murdered Maryam and Khusrau Par-
How Khusrau Parwiz made the Throne of Takdis 391
3S9
60.
61.
and K^husrau Parwiz .....
The Story of Sarkash and Barbad, the Minstrel,
62.
63.
Khusrau Parwiz. .....
Discourse on the Splendour and Cjreatness of
64. How
.......
the Chiefs revolted, and how Guraz calletl
in Caosar
Caesar withdrew through an Expedient of
407
vol,. IX
Prefatory Note .......
.......
rAGE
V
Abbreviations.
Note on Pronunciation ....... xi
xii
2.
Will,
and Excuses ......
and sent Chiefs to his Father with Counsel
5. How
his ow-n Fingers,
of Music
the Chiefs
.......
and burned his Instruments
6. How
of
Mihr Hurmuzd ......
Khusrau Parwi'z and how he was slain by
2.
How
and harangued the Chiefs
How Guraz was displeased at Ardshir being Shah
....
Ardshir, Son of Shirwi, ascended the Throne
44
Son of Khusrau
—
......
and how he caused Ardshir to be slain by Piruz
45
—
Piruz,
ended
Son
.......
of Ivhusrau, and how her own Life
56
AzAR.MnUKHT
I.
Farrukhz.\d
How Azarmdukht
—
she died .......
ascended the Throne and how
59
2.
How
dressed the Chiefs .....
Yazdagird ascended the Throne and ad-
6.
went to Khurasan .....
How Yazdagird consulted with the Iranians and
How Yazdagird wrote to Mahwi of Sur . .
85
89
7. How Yazdagird wrote to the Marchlords of Tus .
90
>•
8.
Siir met him .......
How Yazdagird went to Tus and how Mahwf of
How Mahwi of Sur incited Bizhan to war with
95
......
g.
Yazdagird and how Yazdagird fled and hid
himself in a Mill 96
10. How Mahwi of Siir sent the Miller to kill Yazdagird,
11.
forbear .......
and how the Archi mages counselled Mahwi
Page 5, line 2z, after camel add of which the red-haired variety
was most esteemed.'
' ' '
Page 7, line 19, for was read became,' line 25 and elsewhere, for
' ' ' ' ' ' '
Page 9, line
Page 10, bottom. The date of the fall of Nineveh has lately been
'
Ambar.'
Page 13, reference number 2, for
' '
'
NESH '
'
read
'
NSEH.'
Page 14, line 25, for Samanides read Samanids.'
Page 17, delete lines 7-10.
'
Nuh.'
' ' '
line 12, for appealed read turned.'
Page 29, line 12 from bottom, r/ LEC, pp. 206, 207 and note.
'
Page 31, delete lines 13-16, and read that Fazl, son of Ahmad, is
referred to on both occasions.'
'
Page 33, line 23, delete full stop, insert comma, and for' Such is not
'
Page 34, five lines from bottom, delete While I sat looking on and
'
Page 38, seven lines from bottom, for Bazh read Bdzh.'
' '
six lines from bottom, after city add reference number i.
at bottom add note
'
The quarter in which Bizh was situated
»
was known
as Tabaran.'
'
Page 43, note 2,for fakka read fakka,' and for Cf.' read Of.'
' '
at bottom add Cf. End. Brit, (nth ed.), Vol. 11, p. 917,
«
col. 2.
'
Professor A. V. Williams Jackson's suggestion that, as
burial in the Muhammadan cemetery was refused, the
corpse of Firdausi was reconveyed within the walls and
buried in ground belonging to him, seems far f.om im-
probable. From Constantinople to the Tomb of Omar
Khayyam, p. 291.
' ' '
Page 61, line 3, delete which and to end of sentence, and insert i.e.
of Azargashasp.'
Page 62, bottom, after reference number 7 insert DZA, i, 209.
Page 67, line 18, end, add 'bin.' '
Page 69, bottom, for 108 read 107.' ' ' '
Page 73, line 8 from bottom, for land read earth.' '
bottom, add »
Kai Kubad. See Vol. ii, p. 22. ' Id. 192.'
' '
Page 77, line 11, for the first half read three-fifths.' '
'
line 8 from bottom, after repetitions add reference
number i.
'
Page 82, line 11, for regarded read looked upon.' '
add reference number
'
'
'
—
line 25, after subject add reference number 2.
bottom, add
'
*
The expression is used, however, of Bahram
Gur (Vol. vii, p. 78) and of Nushirwan (viii, p. 14).
It is also applied to non-franians, to Suhrab, who was
opposing the Iranians (ii 145), Pirdn (ii, 261, 275, 324,
iii, 106), Pilsam (ii, 3.52), Tazh^v, an Iranian deserter
(iii, 28), Bazaniish (vi, 297), ami tiicre are other
instances.'
' ' '
Page 87,
lated from the original Persian. 1909. (A version
partly in verse and partly in epitomized prose )
' ' '
'
Page 92, line 5 add as descendant from Tiir Mali AfnM, d.'
'
line 10, add as descendant of Wisa Kurukhan.'
line II, for
'
EP '
and EHI.'
'
of 'Ad.'
' ' '
Page 1 18, line 4, for mountain of the holy read Mountain of the
Lioly.'
'
read
'
slain
'
and delete
'
the Hand of.'
Page 121, line 5, for 'Fight' read 'fight.'
'
Page 126, line 5, add This is the first of many douLilets in the poem.'
' ' '
line 16, for gold read good.'
' ' '
down-
stricken.'
' ' '
line 4 from bottom,/?)' Aspikan read Aspikan.'
' '
'
HIS REIGN
'
WAS
'
'
read
'
HE REIGNED.'
Page 173, line 31, for glory read Glory.'
Page 174, after line 21 add '§24. We have here another doul)lct,
Cf. p. 290.'
' '
Page 181, line 13, delete never and insert it after children.'
2 from bottom, end, insert comma.
' ' '
Page 184, line 18, for except read unless.' ' ' '
hath ceased
to harbour.'
' ' '
Page 212, line 21, for All read all.' ' '
line 7 from bottom, for
'
Page 219, I'ue 5 from bottom, for a read the and after ball
' '
'
'
•
' '
insiyt
'
stcay.'
'
of.'
' ' '
Page 236, after line 7 insert §18. Cf. previous reign, §24.'
'
Page 237, bottom, note i, add But cf. Vol. v. p. 30.' '
Dambar.'
' ' '
Page 256, line 4, for Dunbar read Dambar.' ' ' '
'
Page 307, line 7 from bottom, add reference number i after lasso.'
Page 325, line 11, for Sam read Zal.'
' ' '
'
Page 338, line 6, for Yast read Yasht,' and at bottom, note i,
'
Knowhow '
read
'
Know
how.'
' ' '
Hirmund
'
'
HIS REIGN
' '
WAS '
read
'
HE REIGNED.'
Page 378, line 7, for lance read spear.'
'
VOLUMIC II.
Page 5, line 20, after d'Or,' add full stop, and for tcxte read
'
Texte.'
Page 6, heading, for
'
read
•
ABBREVIATIONS.'
' ' '
Page 81, line 3 from bottom, after crystal insert reference number 9 '
Page 96, line 6 from bottom, after Zawara add reference miniher i
'
read •
Zam's stream with.'
bottom, delete
'
i.e. tlie
Oxus.'
Page 103, line 12, for 'What ever' read Whr.lev
'
cr.'
' ' '
V '
Page 196, line 16, for heart and eyes read Heart and Eyes.'
' ' '
bottom »
See pp. 38
88 seq.' seq.,
' ' '
Page 252, Une 4, for iny read iiiiiu.' ' ' '
At.'
from hottom, for Kawa read Kawa.'
' ' '
Page 384, line 7 from bottom, delete comma and insert full stop at
end.
" '
VOLUME III.
Page 3, line 24, end, rt(fi' Kisari Mohan Ganguli and i)ublislied by.'
Page 14, line 30, end, add reference number 5 a}id The text also '
Who '
read who.'
'
6, for
'
Whom '
read
'
whom.'
Page 130, Hne 11, add comma, at end.
Page 134, line 6, end, add !
Khan
read Khan.'
' '
Page 234, note, for Et read et and for comblan ' '
read
'
com-
blani.'
Page 237, line 7, prefix ".
'
'
line 8 from bottom, for
' '
Page 287, side reference, for V. 1063 read V. 1065 and subse-
'
Page 305, line 25, add side reference V. 1086,' and read subsequent
'
side references consecutively, i.e., V. 1087.'
'
V. 1088,' etc., up to page 356.
' ' '
VOLUME IV.
Page 8, line 10, end, add See Vol. vii, pp. 381, 422.'
Page 31, line 6, delete comma
and insert semicolon.
Page 40, line 9, end, add reference number i. and insert at bottom
'
•
Cf. Vol. i, p. 386 and note.'
CORRECTIONS AND ADDITIONS 185
Page 85, note, prefix reference uuntjjcr i.
'
Page 256, line i, delete and insert All lillcd with minstrelsy and
harp and wine.'
bottom, delete comma and insert semicolon.
Page 259, line 7 from bottom, delete '
Barda', a cavern
'
and insert
' '
to Barda', one
Page 262, note 2, Add The situation of Barda'
'
would, however,
make Lake Gokcha more appropriate. Cf.
P- ^59-'
Page 304, line 14, comma and insert .semicolon.
end, delete
324, line 12 from bottom, for 'shore' read
'
Page 344, line 16, for sea read .stream.' ' ' '
VOLUME V.
Page 14, line 2 from bottom, end, add reference number 11, and at
bottom '"Spitama seems to mean 'White.'
See JZ, p. 13.'
' ' '
Pdge 71, lino 17, end, add reference number at Ix.ttom In i and '
Page 126, Unc 4, end, add reference number i and al bolloni Cf.
'
p. 233 note.'
' '
VOLUME VI.
Rumans '
read Riimans.'
'
'
Oh '
insert !
Page 227, line 5from bottom, after crown insert comma. '_
Page 231, bottom Hue, delete full stop and insert comma.
239 and 247, heading, read NOSHfRWAN.'
'
know.'
' ' '
Page 369, line 18, for frowning face read looks afrown.'
' ' '
VOLUME VIII
' ' ' '
' '
'
'
'
'
Page 205, line 6 from bottom, after take insert reference number i
'
and at bottom add » See Vol. 5, p. 156 note.'
Page 225, justify hne 25.
Page 265, line 22, delete full stop and insert comma.
' ' '
'
'
Page 279, line 4 from bottom, for and readers of the stars read
'
with the astrologers.'
' ' '
Page 285, line 5, for great read Great.' ' ' '
Page 327, line 13, for brave read Brave.' ' ' '
Page 328, bottom, for in haste read with speed.' ' ' '
i-
3^ 1 1 1
191
192 GENERAL INDEX
Abu Raihan Muhammad. See Afr4.siyab
— cant.
Albfnim'. seq., iv. 7, 8, 17, 19 seq.,
Abu Talib, uncle of Muhammad, 25. 29, 4^^. 5(>. 5^ seq., 65,
i, 12 66, 70, 75, seq., 83, 89, 93,
Abi'i 'Ubaida, Arab general, ix, 66 94, 96, 103, 108, no, 113,
supersedes Khalid in Syria, 117, 128, 129, 145, 146,
ix. 66 150 192 seq., 235, 252,
seq.,
Abu 'Ubaida, Arab general, ix, 253. 273, 287, 289, 294 V.
67 12, 13, 21, 44, 62, 176,
made commander in Persian 203, 208, vi, 15, 79, 177,
campaign, ix, 67 240 and note, vii, 330,
slain, ix, 67 335. 337. 359. viii, 2.42,
Accession of a Shah, ceremony 30". 349, ix, 25, 103
at, vi, 409 one of the Zoroastrian triad
Achaemenid, Achaemenids, the, of evil, i, 59 and note
first historical Persian mythological origin of, i,
Ahmad, son of Isma' il, Sdmanid, 43. 51. 53. 56, 78, 160.
vii, 383 208, 214, 217, 250, 260,
Ahmad, son of Sahl, lord of Marv, 303. 315. 324. 358, 3f>i.
V, 260, 261 374 seq., 405 seq. ; iii,
Ahmad, Fazl son of. See Abii'l 17, 123, 214,228, 2.51,266,
'Abbas Fazl. 275, 277, 287, 293, 294.
Ahmad Hasan Maimandi, minis- 300, 303, 304, 314, 316,
ter of Mahmiid, i, 32, 39, 318, 338 iv, 23, 41
; seq.,
45 45, 46, 89, 103, 124, 128,
Ahmad ibn Muhammad, patron 130, 162, 163, 179, 206,
of Firdausi, i, 29 243, 272, 288, 342, 348,
Ahran, Ruman chief, 154, iv, 352 ; V, 17, 33, 36, 45, 50,
342 seq., 353 90, 99, 103, 122, 123, 125,
bidden by Caesar to slay the 147, 177, 198, 206, 246,
dragon of Mount Sakila, 271, 276; vi, 106, IT2,
IV, 342 206, 240, 281, 290, 299,
takes counsel with Minn, 318, 384; vii, 89, 233,
iv, 342 265, 271, 290, 312, 323,
referred by Mirin to Hishwi, 334. 359. 366, 367, 369 ;
per-
Al Khidr (Khisr q.v.), the Green Amen-Ra, Egyptian god
Prophet, vi, 78 and
note sonated by Nectanebus.
vi, 16
Alkiis, Turanian hero, ii, 114
200 GENERAL INDEX
Ameshapentas, tlio, personifica- Andalus (Land of the West oy of
tions of good (]ualitics in the Vandals), Spain, r^^g,
Zoroastrian tlicology, iii, vi, 66, 122, 138
271 V. 15 seg.
;
queen of (Kaidafa (j-v.), vi,
Amida (Diyarbakr), city on the 121 sec/.
yiii.
354 383
Andbdeh, vi, 32 Angora. See 'Ammuriya.
Ana.^sth(?tics, employment of, i, Angra Mainyu =Ahrinuin, ii, 28
Antahiya (Antioch), city in .\rab, Arabs, 162, i6j, ii, 79, 81,
Syria on the Orontes, i6j, 99 ; iii, 14 iv, 14 ; v, ;
1 1
vi, 76
Antiochus Sidetes, ii, 80, 81 raids of, into Persian terri-
Aogemaide, Pahlavi treatise, iv, tory, i, 12 vi,;17, 21,
136
Antipater, regent in Macedonia domination of, over Iran, 1,
87, 88, no 67
Apprentice, a merchant's, enter- booty found by, at Ctesi-
tains, and finds favour phon (?), ix, 68
with, Bahrani Gur, vii, annex Mesopotamia, ix, 68
40 seq. Khiizistan, ix, 68
Apries (Pharoah-Hophra, B.C.
= 'Umar, ix, 72
589-570). vi, 16 seal, ix, 82
Apsheron, peninsula on the =:Sa'ad, ix, 84
western shore of the Cas- defeated, ix, 85
pian, i, 58, note Nushirwin's dream of, viii,
147, 205 viii, ; 73 ; ix, 99, loi, 102, 104, 107, 122,
81 179. 338; V, III, 122,
infrequent in Shahnama, i, 229, 239 seq., 272 ; vi,
47 379, 383 seq. ; vii, 54,
versions of Pahlavf texts, vi, 55, 80, 118, 122, 125
255 seq. Archimages, 141, 168, lyo, iy6
Fables of Bidpai (Kahla and Architect, Riiman, and Khusrau
Dimna) translated into, Parwiz, viii, 401 seq.
vii, 382, 430 Architecture, invention of, i,
Tabari. See Tabari. 129, 133
Arachosia, the district about Archscribe, 171. See Izid Gas-
Kandahar, vi, 32 hasp and Mihran.
Aragan (Ramkubad), town, vii, Ard, day, i, 88, q.v., ii, 287 iv, ;
12 584-550)
report to Shi'rwi, ix,27 conquered by Cyrus, i, 18 ;
Azada, Riinian slave-girl, vi, 382 ii, 57, 294, 345 iii, 23, 53. ;
goes hunting with Bahram 72. 92, 97. "4. 194. 276,
Giir, vi, 382 327; iv, 84, 100, 147,
tries to shame Bahram Giir 175. 275, 307, 360 ; vi,
in hismarkmanship, vi, 381 ; vii, 21, 79, 2^2 ;
Azar, genius, iii, 287, 328 vii, 89, 250, 317. 365;
Azar (Adar), month and day, i, viii, 68, 184, 210 and note
lights, defeats, aiul exe- ii. ii. 3.5. 38. 5«. 62, 85,
cutes Faramarz, v, 288 127, 138, 144, 158, 249,
Bishutan intercedes for Zal 257, 258, 271, 290, 318,
with, V, 288 338, 340 ; iii, 13, 15, 19.
stops the pillage of Zabul 43, 46 seq., 67, 72, 95 seq.,
and rt'lcascs Zal, v, 289 114, 116, 132, 200, 214,
quits Zabul by Bishutan's 232 iv,; 8, 312 vi, ;
of pray-
B^j, Zoroastrian system viii, 22, 74, 95. 153. 159.
insr, i. So 161, 173 ix, 116 ;
tar, 295
vi, 188
Bandwi, Iranian noble temp. Banquets, the Seven, of Niishir-
Kubad, vii, 207 wan, 168. See Niishir-
Bandwi, maternal uncle of wan.
Khusrau Parwiz, iyi-173, Baniigashasp, daughter of Rus-
viii, 200, 202, 204 seq., 224, tam and wife of Giv,
225, 227, 231, 234, 245 ii. 4
seq., 289. 296, 298, 356, stays with Rustam while
357; ix, 4 Gfv seeks Kai Khusrau, ii,
imprisonment of, viii, 77, 365
176 suitors of, ii, 383, 384
Gustaham and, escape and rejoins Giv, 395 ii,
i. 354 273
revival of, in legend, ii,119 Barzin, father of Bihzdd, temp.
marches on Iran, ii, 228 Yazdagird son of Shapiir,
defeated by Siyawush, ii, vi, 395
229 Barzin, Iranian noble, temp.
chosen to fight Ruhham, iv, Bahram Giir, 164
97 visited hy Bahram Gur,
slain by Ruhh4m, iv, 102 vii, 49
Barrier, Alexander's (Sikan- entertains Bahrdm Gur, vii,
dar's),in the Caucasus, 50 seq.
160, i,16. vi, 189, 249 gives his daughters in mar-
legend of, vi, 78 riage to Bahram Gur, 164,
site of, vi, 79 vii, 53
described, vi, 164 Barzin, father of RAd and Dad,
Barsaentes, satrap, vi, 32 temp. Bahram Gur, vii, 86
murderer of Darius Codo- Barzin, father of Ustad, temp.
manus, vi, 32 Ni'ishirwan, vii, 251
executed, vi, 32 Barzin, father of Shadan, vii,
Barsdm, general of Bfzhan, ix, 382, 423
97. 117 Barzin, bower of, vii, 83
marches on Marv, ix, 97, 116 Barzin, general of NushirwAn,
Mcihwi's conduct to, ix, 117 viii, 17
GENERAL IMJEX 2 27
passes himself off as Asfan- iii, 12, 184, 350 ; iv, 190 ;
to carry crown
off the 303
and handmaid of Ta- sentenced to death, iii, 304
zhav, iii, 27 lament of, iii, 305
swears to avenge Zarasp, iii, imprisoned, iii, 309; v, 116
59 searched for by Gurgin,
borrows a steed from iii, 310
Gustaham, iii, 59 receives Rustam's ring, iii,
ix, 2 1
117
232 GENERAL INDEX
Brahmans (Gymnosophistse), 159 Bucephalus, horse of Alexander
vi, 64 the Great, vi, 18
Palladius on, vi, 61 birth of, vi, 26
country of, vi, 143, 147 a mare (Ethiopic version),
hear of Sikandar's coming vi, 18
and write to him, vi, offered by Darius to Porus,
143 vi, 31
Sikandar's interview with, death of, vi, 18, 64
vi, 67, 143 seq. city built by Alexander in
described, vi, 144 memory of, vi, 18
reply to Sikandar's ques- Buddha, birth stories of, vii, 383
tions, vi, 144 seq. Buddhism, in eastern fran and
Sikandar quits, vi, 147 Kabulistan, i, 15
Brahmanism supersedes Budd- superseded by Brahman-
hism in eastern fran, i, 16 ism,16 i,
32G
vi, death of, viii, 43
= Jovian (Bazdniish q.v.), temp. Nushirwan, Ilurmuzd,
vi, 353. 354 and Khusrau I'aiwiz, J72
236 GFNERAL INDEX
Caesar, ioiip. Nushirwan, etc., Cicsar, tetnp. Nushirwan, etc.,
offends Nushirwan, viii, invited to seize fran, viii,
44 seq. 408
marches against Nushir- tricked by Khusrau Parwiz
wan, viii, 46 and retreats, viii, 410
attacks Hurmuzd, viii, 93 letter of, about the True
retakes cities, viii, 93 Cross referred to, ix, 22
makes peace with Hurmuzd, Csesarean birth, of Rustam, i,
viii, 95 236, 32 T 5^17.
welcomes Khusrau Parwiz, Calanus (Sphines), Indian as-
viii, 257 cetic, vi, 61
offers help to Khusrau Par- Onesicritus and, vi, 61
wiz, viii, 261 Alexander the Great and,
cliangcs his mind, viii, 262 vi, 61
consults the astrologers, viii, death of, vi, 61
264 derivation of, vi, 61
decides to help Khusrau identical with the sage sent
Parwiz, viii, 265 by Kaid to Sikandar
offers daughter to Khusrau {see Four Wonders), vi, 62
Parwiz, viii, 266 Calendar, Zoroastrian, i, 88 ; iii,
accepted by Khus-
offers of, 286
rau Parwiz viii, 269, 270 adopted by Darius Hystas-
talisman of, viii, 271, 275 pis, i, 59
deceives Riiman envoys, Callinicus. See Kaliniyus.
viii, 272 Callisthenes, Greek historian
mastered by Kharrad, temp. Alexander the Great
viii, 274 vi, 12, 74
gifts of, to Kharrad, viii, 278 Romance of Alexander
writes to Khusrau Parwiz, fathered on, vi,13
viii, 279 account of, vi, 13
praises Ruman envoys, viii, Callitris quadrivalvis, the Arar
279 19
tree, vi,
counsels Maryam, viii, 279, Cambyses, father of Cyrus the
280 Great, ii, 190
gives Niyatiis cliarge of identical with Siyawush in
Maryam, viii, 280 legend, ii, 191
corpse of Kut sent to, viii, Cambyses, son of Cyrus the
291 Great and King of Persia
Khusrau Parwiz announces (B.C. 528-521), V, 10, II ;
i. 7 viii, 294
125, 126,
Iranians into, i, 130, 132 government of, given to Tus
Castle, White. 5d:e White Castle, by Rustam, ii, 358
of the Alans. See Alans. thane of, one of Firdausi's
Bahman. See Bahman. authorities, vi, 197, 210
Obli\ion, 184 vii, referred to, vi, 229 and
Kubad son of Piriiz note
confined in, vii, 184 daughter of governor of,
escapes from, viii, 184 vii, 2S5
Catholicus, viii, 195 intrigue of, vii, 285
Catullus, Roman poet (B.C. 84- executed, vii, 286
54). i. (>o battle-axes of, ix, 118
on next of kin
Persian Chaghan, district on the right
marriage, i, bo bank of the Oxus where
Caucasus, mountain-range run- that river is crossed from
ning in a soutix-easterly Tirmid, and city further
direction from the Black north on the upper waters
Sea to the Caspian, i, lO ; of river of the same name,
iv, 316 ; vi, 15 ; vii, 214, iii, 152, 177, 228 vii, 94, ;
M3. 154. 156. 237, 277. shield of, iii, 125, 140, 256 ;
vii, 87 207
= Arjasp, V, 36, 52, 55, volunteers to avenge Kamiis,
69, 86, 108 iii, 194
= Faghfur, vii, 131 challenges Rustam, iii, 194
= Mahmud, iv, 142
lord of slain by Rustam, iii, 195
= Sikandar, vi, 113 Chi'nwi, noble of Chin, viii, 331
= Faghfur, vi, 171 Chionitae, people, v, 13
mace of, iii, 129 geographical position of, v,
ornaments of, ii, 232 ; vi, 13
102, 139 Chorene, Moses of. See Moses.
paper of, vi, 172 Chosrau, Chosroes I (Kisra),
pen of, vi, 57, 99 Sasanian Sh4h, vii, 212,
prince of = Khan, iii, 226 281. See Nushirw4r^
= Afrasiyab, iv, 194 Chosroes, king of Armenia, vi,
= Arjasp, V, 35 202
=Parmuda, viii, i,\z Christ, 174, vi, 339 ; vii, 207,
= Sawa, viii, 222 249, 264, 270, 273, 2 70 ;
vi, 65 5.71
Climate, of Iran, i, 4, 5 Firdausi's, 102, iv, 136
Mazandardn, ii, 27 Country of the Blest. Sec Blest.
Clime, Climes, the seven, i, 40, Courses, the Seven, of Rustam,
71, 122, 123, 238 ; ii, 15 143, ii, 29, 44 seq.
note, 372 iii, 290, ; 317 ; Crassus, the triumvir (B.C. 115-
vi, 179, 262, 266, 273, 280, 53). i. 15
376, 377 ; viii, 39.5 defeat of, at Carrh;r, i, 13
Kai Khusrau surveys, in his Creation, Zoroastrian account of,
divining-cup, iii, 318 i. 5. 117
Central, i, 71, 122 ii, 27 ; Firdausi's account of, i, 102
Cloud, emblem of prosperity, i, seq.
73, 113, 114 ii, 263 and ; Crete, island, south of Greece,
note ; iv, 141 vi, 96 ; vi, T,ii note.
GENERAL INDEX 241
Crete, Minos king of, legend of, Cypress, of Kishmar. See Kish.
vi, 323 note mar.
Crocodile, iii, 278 Cyrus the Great (B.C. 558-528),
= assassin, i, iii son of Cambyses and
= Kamus, iii, 192 founder of the Persian
Cross, the, 174. vi, 351, 352; empire
vii, 249, 270, 276 viii, 308, ; legend of, in Herodotus
309, 374 identical with that of Kai
captured by D4rab, vi, 306 Khusrau, ii, 9, 190
and 7wte in Ctesias transferred to
religion of, vi, 138 Ardshir Papakan, vi,
Passion of, vi, 339 195
the true, viii, 191, 196, 253, rise of, i, 18
377. 37S, 380 ix, 4, 5, ;
compared to that of Ard-
10, 24 shir Papakan, vi, 194
restoration of, ix, 7, 56 historical parallel with Kai
of Christ, ix, 23 Khusrau, v, 10
Elevation of, ix, 43
Crows and Owls, story of, viii,
263 and note D
Crystal, House of, ix, 25 and note
Ctesias. See Ktesias. Dabistan, 17th century Persian
Ctesiphon (Taisafiin q.v.), city on treatise, v, 28
the left bank of the Tigris Cypress of Ki.shmar, account
some 25 miles below Bagh- of, in, V, 28
dad, originally an exten- Dad, franian warrior, vii, 86
sion of Seleucia on the Dadafrid, melody, viii, 398 and
right bank of that river, note
ii, 80; vi, 321, 322, 325, Daevas. See Div.
372 viii, 42, 188,
; 189, Daghwi, desert in Turkistan, ii,
account of, i, 28, 67, 69, Dara, son of Darab, Shah (Darius
log V, 20
; Codomanus q.v.) 158, i,
Firdausi and, v, 21 seq., 42 ; ii, 3, 9 ; v, 281 ; vi,
30, 87, 88 83 seq., 112, 113, 123,
work of, compared with the 124, 132, 137, 170, 172,
Yatkar-i-Zarirdn, v, 24 188, 325, 353 viii, 220, ;
ix, 7 56, 81
taken by Heraclius, \iii, Kq Fiiith of, vi, 95
Dashma, franian hero, iv, 148 Dijla (Arwand, Tigris q.v.), river,
Dastan (Zal </.?'.), 264
i, 84, 248, i, 100
Daslan-i-Sain (ZAl q.v.), i, 84 Faridi'in's crossing of, i, 160
D4stan-i-Zand (Zal q.v.), i, 245 Dilafn'iz, franian hero, iv, 147
and }iole, 248 Dilafri'iz, a bramble-grubber,
Date-palm, i, 4 Bahram Gur and, vii, 70
taxes on, vii, 215, 225 seq.
Daughter of Kaid. See Kaid, Dilafruz-i-Farruk!ipai, franian
Four Wonders of. slave-girl, 162, vi, 3
"
Daulat Shah, author of Lives slave to Caesar's wife, vi,
of the Poets," i, 24 338
Death, early, I'lrdausi's justifi- pities Sha])nr, vi, 339
cation of, ii, 119 discovers who Shapiir is, vi,
Dead Sea, viii, 192 339
Deinon. See Dinon. frees Shapiir from the ass's
Deipnosophistce, of Athcnaeus, ii, skin, vi, 340
ID escapes with Shapur from
quoted, iv, 314 Rum, vi, 340 seq.
Derketo, goddess, v, 292 entertained by a gardener,
legend of, v, 292 vi, 34^
Julius Caesar and Augus- 189, 293. 333 iv, 63, 84, ;
206, 209, 211, 217, 218, 256, 314 iv, 136, 296
; ;
290, 341. 342, 399 and v, 117, 176, 203, 207, 234
note, 418 ; ix, 18, 25 defeats Kaiis, ii, 40
rebel against Tahmiiras, i, blood of, cures blindness,
127 ii, 58. 62
overthrown by Tahmiiras, i, slain by Rustam, ii, 60
127 Divining-cup. See Cup.
teach Tahmiiras the art of Dneiper (Borysthenes), river in
writing, i, 127 southern European Rus-
build edifices for Jamshid, i, sia, flowing into the Black
133 Sea, iii, 191
cnNERir. ixnnx 217
Don (Tanais), river in soutlicrn Drea 11, Abul K4sim of Gurgan's,
Juiropcan Russia, (lowing iii, 190
into Sea of Azov,
tlie iv, Afrasiyab's, ii, 232 seq.
315 note, 316 referred to, ii, 243, 297 ;
1S6
i, ix, 92
of the Kashaf, i, 235 Odatis', iv, 315
Sdm and the, i, 296 seq., Papak's, vi, 200, 212
V, 202 Piran's, ii, 325
slain by Rustam and Sam's, i, 243, 244
Rakhsh, ii, 48 seq. Siyawush's, ii, 309
of Mount Sakila, iv, 342 seq. Tiis', iii, 149
Gushtasp and, iv, 343 seq. Zariadres', iv, 315
teeth of, produced by Draupadi, joint wife of the five
Hishwi to Caesar, iv, 351 Pandavas, iv, 138 and
referred to, iv, 358 note, 139
Sikandar's adventure with, Drought and famine in Iran, i,
Eye, metaphor for child, i, 17S, vii, 340. 343. 40'"^ : viii,
ander the Great), 158, vi, 35, 36, 202, 323, 325, 326'
57, 102, 112, 125. 130, 131, 328 ; iv,14 v, 173, 174,
;
151, 182 ; vii, 215 ; viii, 182, 183, 198, 231, 260,
387 261, 272, 274, 281, 283,
wars with Darab, vi, 22 284
allied with the king of Rus, parentage of, iii, 323
22
vi, appointed to expel the
inarches from 'Amniuriya to Turkmans from Zabulis-
encounter Darab, vi, 23 tan, iii, 31
defeated and returns to referred to, v, 184
'Ammuriya, vi, 23 Zawara and, sent by Rustam
sues for peace, vi, 23 to bid Zal and Riidaba
agrees to send tribute, and prepare to receive Asfan-
give his daughter in diyar, v, 190
niarriage, to Darab, i$8, slays Mihr-i-Nush, v, 227
vi, 24, 25
goes to Rustam and Asfan-
adopts Sikandar as his heir, diyar, v, 247
vi, 27 marches against Kabul, v,
Faith, Faiths, the four, vi, 92, 274, 276
95 takes the corpses of Rustam,
of Christ, Christian, vi, 133, Zawara, and Rakhsh from
352, 356 the pits, and conveys
of Ahriman, ii, 358 ; vi, them to Zabul for burial,
281, 290 V, 274 seq.
Faithful, Commander of the, ix, fights with the king of
72 Kabul and puts him
'Umar, the first, ix, 72 and and his kin to death, v,
note
276, 277
Fakirs, the, vi, 61
makes a Zabuli
king of
Alexander the Great and,
Kabul, 277 V,
61
vi, returns to Zabul, v, 277
Onesicritus and, vi, 61
hears of Bahman's invasion
Fakka', a kind of drink, i, 43
and marches against him,
note
V, 287
Falatun (Plato), vii, 100 ; viii,
defeated and put to death,
264
108, 196; 176; V, 288
Falconry, ii, vi,
vii, 42, 48 seq., 54, 55, 76 Faranak, wife of Abtin and
and note mother of Faridun, i, 90,
origin of, i, 126 145. 157
Famine, See Drought. Faridun brought up by, on
Farab (Fariyab ? q.v.), iv, 185 Birmaya's milk, i, 151
Farab (Firabr), desert and town taken by, to Mount
on the right bank of the Alburz, i, 152
Oxus opposite to Amwi, told by, about his origin.
q.v., vii, 91, 92 i. ^5Z
desert of, ix, 115, 118 prays for Faridiin's safety,
Fara'in, Iranian chief, vii, 207 i. 158
GENERAL INDEX 251
expedition to succour Tus, 21, 29, 33, 36, 37, 99. 193.
iii, 148 195, 204, 237, 274, 318,
meets Giidarz, iii, 163 327. 392, 400, 404 ; iii.
joins forces with Tus, iii, 21, 37. 245. 257; iv, 17,
169 66, 69, 89, 91, 142, 149.
goes to Kai Khusrau with 151, 153, 168, 174, 203,
tidings of victory, iii, 236 204, 221, 222, 255, 259,
seq. 260, 262, 266, 269, 286,
returns to the host, iii, 241, 289, 299, 313, 328; V, 32,
243 34, t6o, 180, 196, 204
commands the right wing, seq., 245, 260, 261, 271,
iv, 24 283 ;vi, 73, 172, 209,
superseded pro tern, by 406 vii, 37, 38, 60, 62,
;
170, 232
final warfare of Zahhak hears where Khusrau Par-
with, i, 278,173 cf. wiz is hiding, viii, 419
Mount Sipand besieged by holds talk with Khusrau
order of, i, 329 Parwiz, viii, 420
Grace of, i, 335 bribes Mihr Hurmuzd to
saying of, ii, 219 and note murder Khusrau Parwiz,
flag of = flag of Kawa, vi, 59 ix, 33
capital of, vii, 215, 238 defeats the Arabs, ix, 85
Farikin (Maiyafarikin, Martyr- counsels Yazdagird, ix, 86,
opolis), city in Roman 87
Armenia, vii, 200 leads the host to Khurasan,
taken by Kubad, vii, 200 ix, 8g
Fdriyab, city half way between entrusts Yazdagird to
the town of Marvrud and M4hwi, 95 ix,
Balkh, iv, 65 goes to Rai, ix, 96
Farr, i, 82. See Grace. FarrukhzAd, Iranian warrior,
Farruhan (Farrukhcin). See viii, 241, 296
Fardyin. speech of, viii, 240
Farrukh, ruler of Nimriiz, viii, Farsang (parasang), measure of
375 length, about 3.88 miles,
Farrukhan (Farruhan). See i, 82
Farayin. Farshidward, son of Wisa and
Farrukhdnzdd (Farrukhzad q.v.), brother of Piran, Turan-
viii, 195 ian hero, 75-', i, 92 ; iii,
GENERAL INDEX 555
95
iv, V, 30
hear of the death of Piran birth of, ii, 291
and the coming of Kai liostiHty of Tiis to, iii, 13
Khusrau, iv, 112 Story of, 14J, iii, 37 seq.
lament for Piran, iv, 112 referred to,iii, 39
07 seq. 8 } seq., 1 12
256 GENERAL INDEX
Fariid, son of Shirin and Khusrau Firdaus: — covt.
Parwiz, ix, 39 72, 78, 80 seq, 197, 198,
Farukhzad. See Farrukhzad. 202, 250, 254, 294, 313,
Farwardi'n, genius, i, 88 iii, ; 375, 321 seq.. 326, 328
287, 328 368 ;
vii 3, 4, 6, 133, 156,
name of month and day, i, 159, 185, 186, 188, 213,
88, 133, 263 ; iii, 230, 286, 214, 217 seq., 317 ; viii,
395
—eaters.
seq.
See Ichthyo-
vii,
Dara's letter to, vi, 50
phagi. Sikandar's war with, vi, 67,
Fleece, Golden. See Golden. 1 1 2 seq.
Flesh-meats, introduction of, routed by Sikandar's iron
attributed to Ahriman, steeds, vi, 116
i. i3« single combat of, with Sik-
Flight, of Muhammad, referred andar, vi, 117
to, ix, 122 slain, vi, 117
Flying-machine, of Kai Kaiis, ii, troops of, submit to Sikan-
103 dar, vi, 118
VOL. IX.
258 GENERAL INDEX
Furuliil, Iranian hero, i^i, iv, Gandarep, monster, i, 143
24. 33 slain by Keresaspa, i, 172,
chosen to fight with Zan- 173
gula, iv, 97 Gang, mountain, iv, 162 v, 216 ;
Gabriel, angel, 1, 114 ; iv, 140 ; iii, 236, 253 iv, 258 ;
vi, 31, 32 note iii, 15, 25, 33, 40, 45, 294 ;
Magus, 207
vi, relieved by Karan,
354 i,
Gil, Gilan, district on the south- 108, III, 114 seq., 121 seq.,
west coast of the Caspian, 127, 129, 130, 133. 139
167. i, 230, 231 ; ii, 226, seq., 143, 154. 155. 157.
293 ; iv, 148, 265 ; V, 13 ; 159, 161, 169, 170, 182,
vi, 227 ; vii, 224, 340, 183, 187, 206, 211. 227,
362, ix, 93 231, 238, 244, 245, 247,
river of =
KiziI Uzun, also 248, 253, 255, 259, 264,
called Safid Rud, iv, 154 268, 273, 289, 291, 292,
waters of =Caspian, i, 230 294, 296 seq., 302, 305,
262 GENERAL INDEX
Gi'v — cont. Giv, tells how he captured
307 seq., 311 scq., ^o seq., Piran's wife and sister, ii,
145, 149 seq., 154 seq., dispute of, witli Ti'is, ii, 400
164, 169, 172, 177, 1S7. seq.
205, 206, 211 seq., 220, goes with Kai Kliusrau to
225, 232, 236, 246, 253, the castle of Bahman, ii,
254. 255, 258, 264, 268, 407
273. 277, 289, 298, 302, advises Tus to avoid
305, 308, 322, 327, 329 Kalat, iii, 41
seq-, 337 seq., 354, 337 supersedes Tus, iii, 83
iv. 7. 13. 79, 80, 85, 88 informs Kai Khusrau about
seq., 102, 103, 106 seq., Farud and the defeat of
113 seq., 136, 145 seq., the Iranians, iii, 83
149, 157, 162, 171, 180, sends Bizhan for Kawa's
igi, 206, 226, 227, 292, standard, iii, 92
299 ; V, 207, 208 ; vi, Iranian watchman and, iii,
194 viii, 104, 168
; ix, ; 136 seq.
23 meets Fariburz, iii, 163
taken prisoner in Mazan- Rustam, iii, 171
daran, ii, 40 warns Rustam not to trust
released by Kustam, ii, 58 Firan, iii, 212
leceives Ispahan from Kai sends Ruhham to help Rus-
Kaiis, ii, 78 tam, iii, 227
taken prisoner in Hama- praises Rustam, iii, 248
varan, ii, 90 steed of, iii, 313
released by Rustam, ii, 97 goes to welcome Rustam,
censures Kai Kids, ii, 105 iii, 353
140
v, 109; iv, 334
314 seq,
questioned by Asfandiyar seq., V, 24 seq., 61, 68, go,
for the last time, v, 141 92 seq., 103 seq., 119, 130,
curses Asfandiyar, v, 141 148, 154. 155, 159, 166
slain by Asfandiyar, v, 141 seq., 180, 181, 183, 205,
Giirkan (Juzjan), city and dis- 206, 208 seq., 213, 216,
trict between Marvrud 220, 221, 233
note, 243,
and Balkh, iv, 65 248 seq., 289, 293
281, ;
Gurkils, tribe 15
(?), viii, vi, 20, 49, 55, 200, 213,
Gurukhan, Iranian hero, iv, 149 251, 252, 258 ; vii, 359 ;
Gurwi, Turanian hero, 145, 151, viii, 41, 68, 95, 148, 213,
152, ii, 296, 314, 319, 338, 270, 392, 393 ix, 25 ;
P 314 seq-
CliSERAL l.MJliX 2 71
VOL, IX. S
274 GENERAL INDEX
Gustaham, son of Naudar, at- Gustaham, son of Gazhdaham,
tacks the Turanians, iv, 178 rescued by
Bizhan, iv,
sent to Chach with troops, 124 seq.
iv, 188 healed by Kai Khusrau, iv,
reports his defeat of Khur- 133
akhan, iv, 193 Kai Khusrau remonstrated
takes part in the assault on with by, and other nobles
Gang-bihisht, iv, 208 for refusing audience, iv,
left in command of Gang- 275
bihisht, iv, 238 audience of, with Kai Khus-
goes to welcome Kai Khus- rau, iv, 283 seq.
rau on his return from Kai Khusrau's gifts to, iv,
Gang-dizh, iv, 252 295
left behind as viceroy on Kai sets out with Kai Khusrau
Khusrau's return to Iran, on his pilgrimage, iv, 306
iv. 254 refuses to turn back when
Gustaham, son of Gazhdaham,' bidden by Kai Khusrau,
Iranian hero, 152, i, 369 ; iv, 307
ii,12, 58, 107; iii, 19, 25, Kai Khusrau farewells and
33. 45. 48. 59, 92, 93. 127, warns, and his comrades,
129. 139, 141. 211, 247, 308
iv,
248, 253, 273, 289, 294, disappears and is sought
322, 350; iv, 7, 13, 15, in vain by, and his
24. 33. 93, 132 seq., 149, comrades, iv, 308
191, 292 end of, iv, 309
takes part in the Fight of Gustaham, Iranian warrior, temp.
the Seven Warriors, ii, Yazdagird son of Shapur,
107 seq. vi, 394
friendship of, for Bizhan, lions of, slain by Bahram
iii. 15 Giir, vi, 410
lends Bizhan a steed, iii, 60 Bahram Gur's commander-
mounts behind Bizhan, iii, in-chief, vii, 85
95 Gustaham (Bistam q.v.),
attacks Bidad, iii, 244 maternal uncle of Khus-
sends Bizhan to summon rau Parwiz, I-/I-I/4, viii,
Rustam, iii, 245 199, 200, 202, 204 seq.,
goes with Rustam to rescue 227, 228, 231, 25.5, 257,
Bizhan, iii, 334 259. 269, 282, 289, 293,
fights with Andariman, iv, 295, 298 ix, 4,; 6
87 imprisonment of, viii, 77, 17b
made commander in chief Bandwi and, escape and
pro tent, vice Gudarz, iv, revolt, viii, 182
- informs Khusrau Parwiz of
?~
Gudarz instructs, iv, 92 the blinding of Hurmuzd,
resigns his command to viii, 184
Gudarz, iv, 1 1 1 referred to, viii, 189
volunteers to pursue Lahhak revolt of, viii, 191, 355
and Farshidward, iv, n6 saves Khusrau Parwiz from
wounded, iv, 123 Turk, viii, 220
'This is assumed in a\\ cases where it is doubtful wbigh Gus(aliani is me^nt.
CJ. Vol. i, p. 369.
GENERAL INDEX 275
Gustaham Gurdwi and,
(Bistdm), Haft Khwdn, ii, 29 ; v, 117 and
dissuade Khusrau Parwiz note
from making a night- of Rustara and Asfandiyar
attack, 224 viii, compared, v, 1 1 7
viii, 229 and note
treasurer, M4n, ii, 29
accompanies Khusrau Par- Haftwdd (Haftanbukht, Asta-
•wiz in his flight, viii, wadh). Tribal King, 161,
231 vi, 199
turns back and murders account of, in Tabari, vi,
Hurmuzd, viii, 232 205
Khusrau Parwi'z,
rejoins viii, daughter of, vi, 205, 206,
233 233. 234
Khusrau Parwiz warned becomes guardian of the
against, viii, 255, 256 Worm, vi, 236
deceived by Caesar's talis- Noldeke and Darmestcter
man, viii, 272 on, vi, 206
praised by Caesar, viii, 279 son of, vi, 206
Bahram Chiibina writes to, helps his father against
viii,285 Ardshir Papakan, vi,
chooses comrades for Khus- 236
rau Parwiz in battle, viii, Story of, 161, vi, 232 seq.
296 seven sons of, vi, 233, 235
receives Khurasan viii, 313 rise to power of, vi, 235
summoned to court, viii, 355 builds, and migrates to, a
hears of execution of Band- stronghold, vi, 235
wi, 355
viii, Ardshir Papakan and, vi,
hears of Gurdya's doings, 236 seq.
viii, 356 slain by Ardshir Papakan,
goes to meet Gurdya, viii, vi, 245
356 Haital, Ilaitalians, country and
asks Gurdya in marriage, people (White Huns),
viii, 357 dwelling north of the
Gurdya plots murder of, Oxus, 166, 168, vii, 6,
viii, 360 153, 161. 164, 171, 174,
intimates of, beheaded, viii, 181, 187. 197, 340, 342,
370 390 ; viii, 45, 242, 329.
assassination of, referred to, 370. 377
ix, 16, 104 origin and scat of, i, 19,
Gutschmid, Alfred von, on the 20
Cyrus legend in Ctesias, confused with the Turks,
vi, 195 vii, 4
Guzihr, Tribal King, vi, 198, 199 Bahram Giir's defeat of. vii,
4
help Piriiz, vii, 156, 157
H Piruz's expedition against,
vii, 159, 164 seq.
Habash (Ethiopia), 160, vi, 149 tradition of, vii, 160
people of, encountered by king of, vii, lOo, 184
Sikandar, vi, 149 helps Kubad, vii, 198
Haftanbukht. See Haftwad. Kubcid's flight to, vii, 170,
Haft Khan, ii, 29 184, 198
276 GENERAL INDEX
Haital Haitalians, Niishirwan's Halai, reason for her repudiation
alliance with the Khan by Darab and her naming
against, vii, 317 her son Iskandar (Sikan-
Khan's war with, vii, 328 seq. dar), vi, 19
Khan's embassy to Niishir- Halai-Sandarus. See Halai.
wan destroyed by, vii, 330 Hamadan city in
(Ekbatana),
host of, levied to oppose the 'Irak-i-'Ajami, vi, 31 vii,, ;
Hajir, Iranian hero, 144, 151, ii, releases Kai Kaiis, ii, 97
134, 136, 140, 349 iv, ; Hamawan, mountain, 148, iii,
103, 147, 191 135, ^37. 13S, 14-^, 144.
taken prisoner by Suhrab, 153. 154. 158, 161, 164,
ii, 131 167, 169, 172, 177; iv.
misleads Suhrab, ii, 152 seq. 299 v, 116
life of, attempted by Rus- occupied by the ranians.
fi
344
Afrasiydb, i, 347
iBLfs, the Muhammadan Devil, Iranian captives saved by,
140, 143, iv, 206, 282 ; V, i. 3(^3
174, 218 released by, i, 365 seq.
284 GENERAL INDEX
Ighrhas, upbraided and slain by Indian, Indians, Faith of, iy2,
Afrasiyab, i, 367 viii, 275
Pashang's grief for, i, 374 script, ix, I 7
revival of, in legend, iv, 135 scribe, ix, 17
given a command, iv 156 Indies, Greek idea of two, vi, 13
head of, sent by Kai Khus- duplicate races in, vi, 68
rau to Kai Kaiis, iv, 185 Indo-European race, i, 7
referred to, iv, 267 Asiatic branch of, i, 7
Ijds bin Kabi'sa, viii, 188 Aryans, i, 7
'
governor of Hira, viii, 190 early seats of, i, 7
Ila, Turanian king, iv, 182 religion of, i, 7
fights with Kai Khusrau, iv, Indra, Indian god, ii, 25 ; vi, 203
182 Vritra and, ii, 25 ; vi, 203
Ilyas, ruler of Khazar q.v., 154, Indus, river, i, 71, 252 ; ii, 21 ;
361
iv, iii,177, 204, 237. 251 ; V,
tribute demanded of, by 293 vi, 62, 67, 70
; ; vii,
Caesar, iv, 352 241
refuses tribute and declares mistaken for the Nile, vi, 68
war, 352 iv, Introduction, to Shahnama, i, 3
makes overtures to Gush- seq.
tasp, iv, 354 lollas, Alexander the Great's cup-
corpse of, brought by Gush- bearer, vi, 82
tasp to Cajsar, iv, 355 Iraj, youngest son of laridun
Imagery, of Shahnama. See q.v. and the protagonist
Shahnama. of the Iranian race, 140, i,
Imaus, Greek form of Himalaya 54, 90, 91, 211 ii, 8, 16, ;
India, iv,316 ; vi, 17, 64, 81, S3, etymology of, i, 174
204 naming of, i, 188
frinians and Aryans of, i, 15 horoscope of, i, 188
Palladius on, vi, 61 receives Iran and Arabia as
Ancient, M'Crindle's, quoted, his portion, i, 189
vi, 68 abdication of, demanded by
=
Ethiopia, vi, 68 Salm and Tiir, i, 192
Indian, Indians, iy2, vi, 81, 375, offers to go to his brothers,
397 ; vii, 135, 146; viii, i, 196
377 visits Salm and Tur, i, 19S
= Ethiopians, vi, 13, 68 reception of, by Salm and
sages, vi, 61, 83, 91 seq., 143 Tur, i, 198
seq., 266 offers to resign his kingship
bells and gongs, vi, 175 ;
to his brothers, i, 200
viii, 46, 120 slain by Tur and Salm, i,
324
wan, vii, 325 not an emperor in the Shah-
Fables of Bidpai, vogue of nama. vi, 324, 326
largely due to, vii, 383 expedition of, against Per-
Jewelled tree, Kai Khusrau's, iii, sia, vi, 324 seq.
329 Julius Valerius, early Latin
Jeweller, a, 164. See Mahiyar. translator of the Pseudo-
daughter of, 164 Callisthenes, vi, 14, 61,
Jewels, discovery of, i, 133 66 seq., 71, 74, 78, 79,
Palace of, 160 81
Jhilam (Hydaspes), river in the Jund-i-Sh4pur (Gund-i-Shapur
Punjab, vi, 18, 31, 63 q.v.), city, vi, 256
Jihun (Oxus q.v.) river, 146, 152, = Ras-Shapur, vi, 256
i. 215, 219, 345. 375 ". ; foundation of attributed to
i^.igscq., 99, 229, 237,248, Ardshir Papakan, vi, 266
258, 311, 340, 390, 394, Jupiter, planet, i, 72, 161, 188,
399, 404 ; iii, 58, 159 ; 281 ;115 iii,
ii, 318 ; ;
iv, 10, 12, 20, 53, 60, 79, iv, 143, 295 V, 256 vi, ; ;
153. 154. 157. 181, 184, 138, 172, 292 vii, 49, ;
falchion 376
of, ix, 981, ;
149 viii, ;
66 and note 197, 210, 228 viii, 216 ;
Kafur, king of Bidad, I4g, iii, 191 Kai Armin, son of Kai Kubad,
worsts the Iranians, iii, 244 ii, 3- 23
graciously, vi, 128 51, 84, 85, 88, 90, 93, 96,
state of, described, vi, 128, 113,145,147,166,174,236,
130, 133 238, 239. 289. 307, 327 ;
gives audiences to Naitkun iv, 13, 61, 129, 135. 136,
372, 390 8
birth of, ii, 325 seq. subject-matter of, iii, 8
account of youth of, ii, accession of, iii, 17
328 seq. goes on a hunting expedi-
questioned by Afrasiyab, ii, tion, iii, 19
332 to the temple of Azar-
dwells at Siydwushgird, ii, gashasp, iii, 20
333 swears to take vengeance on
sent to Khutan, ii, 356 Afrasiyab, iii, 21
Machin, ii, 357 note prepares for war, iii, 23
described by Suriish, ii, 363 seq.
Giidarz sends Giv to seek, offers reward for the head
ii, 364 seq. of l'alash4n, iii, 26
recalled, ii, 370 crown of Tazhav, 27 iii,
279 305
passes five weeks in prayer, counsels Luhrasp, iv, 305
iv, 280 bids Luhrasp farewell, iv,
hears from Suriish that his 306
prayer is granted, iv, sets forthon his pilgrimage
280 with some of his chiefs,
bidden to appoint Luhrasp iv, 306
as his successor, iv, 281 Indian parallel, iv, 138
puts off his royal robes, iv, again appealed to by the
281 franians, iv, 306
receives Zal, Rustam, and reply of, iv, 307
others in audience, iv, 283 bids his chiefs return, iv, 307
seq. rests with his remaining
pardons Zal, iv, 291 chiefs by a spring, iv, 307
orders an assembly to be prepares for his passing, iv,
held on the plain, iv, 308
291 farewells his chiefs, iv, 30S
CKXERir. i\i)r:x 301
Kai Khusrau, warns his chiefs Kaiwan, calculates the arrears of
of the coming of the snow, taxes, vii, 1 1
Story of, of Kashan, 148, iii, vii, 115, 119, 123, 128,
108 seq. 129, 134, 137, 3''^5, 3^^.
Firdausi on, iii, 269 390. 393. 425
comes to the aid of Piran, conquest of, by Mahmud,
iii, 151 i, 99, 100 and note.
plan of campaign of, 113
adopted, iii, 162 Sikandar reaches, vi, no
leads the attack, iii, 168 river of, vii, 112 and note,
hears of the coming of Rus- 390
tam, 175
iii,
monarch of = Shangul, vii,
218, 237, 332 ii, 12, 227, ; 172, 175 seq., 181, 184,
341. 349. 354. 400, 402, 1S7, igoseq., 196, igSseq.,
405, 406, 410 iii, 25, 38, ; 205, 207 seq., 215, 217, 221
39, 48, 84, 85, 116, 121, 222, 226 seq., 235, 241,
126, 129, 135 seq., 149. 242, 251, 252, 256, 268,
161 iv, 24, 25, 34, 55,
; 320 ; iv, 60, 135, 2385^5. ;
san (
?) ,
perhaps = Khar 214, 224, 237, 335 viii, ;
q.v., iv, 147, 148. Cf. 78, 94, 241, 313, 355, 369;
Karan (mountain). ix, 59, 69, 87, 88, 92
Khazar, Khazars, region and Narsi made ruler of, vii,
oracle of, consulted, vi, 184 71, 74, 170, 173, 174, i8i,
Khurra-i-Ardshir. See Ardshir 182, 191 seq., 216, 304,
Iv hurra. 306, 316, 334, 335. 342.
Khurram Abad (Karkh ?), city, 358. 367 seq., 395 note,
vi, and note
327, 357 413 note ; ix, 4 seq., 1 1,
391 seq. 66
palace of, story of, viii, 400 Khusrau and Shirin, Persian
seq. poem, viii, 192
Farghan and, viii, 401 seq. Khusrau, father of Piruz, 175,
imprisons Riiman artificers, vii, 44, 46, 48, 49, 51, 57
viii, 402 Khusrau, a miller, ij6, ix, 99.
releases Riiman artificers, See Miller.
viii, 403 Khutan, town and district in
treasures of, viii, 406 eastern Turkistan,
146,
Guraz intrigues against, viii, ISO, ii, 277, 288, 325, 357,
408 383 ; iii, 107. 242, 247 ;
device of, against Gurdz and iv, 26, 219 ; vii, 84, 115,
Caesar, viii, 409 330. 334. 35'J
31^ GENERAL INDEX
Khutan, raided by Giv, iii, 247 Kings, Book of, Firdausi's, i, 43
monarch of, iv, 1 1 i
IVrsian, viii, 73
Afrasiyab, iv, 230 Tribal. See Tribal.
Kai Khusrau marches Kirman, region in southern Iran,
through, iv, 240 15S, iv, 146
vi, 31, 47, ;
people of, make submission 57. 59. 199. 202, 205, 245,
to Nushirwan, vii, 360 252 ; vii, 214 ; viii, 313
Khuza' Arab tribe, vi, 63 Dara retires to, vi, 46
rule of, ended by Sikandar, etymology of, vi, 204, 236
vi, 120 Ardshir Papakan's invasion
Khuzan, a king of Pars, iv, 146, of, vi, 205, 245
191 Kirmanshah, title, vi, 313, 368
meets Kai Khusrau in Kirmanshah, city between Bagh-
Sughd, iv, 255 dad and Hamadan, vii,
Khiizians, people of Khuzistan, 187 ; viii, 192
q.v., iv, 146 Kirmanshahan, city in Kirman,
Khuzistan (Susiana, 'Arabistan), south of Yazd, vi, 368
province at the head of Kirwan (Karwan, district north
the Persian Gulf, vi, 290 of Jaxartes ?), ix, 93
and note, 298, 327, 357 ; Kirwi, Iranian noble, vii, 23
viii, 109 and note, 193 story of, vii, 22
annexed by Arabs, ix, 68 Kishmar, plape south of Nisha-
Khuzra, treasure, ix, 20 pur in the Kuhistan dis-
Khvaituk-das, i, 60 trict of Khurasan, v, 35
Catullus on, i, 60 Cypress of, v, 27
Khyons (Hvyaonas), v, 13, 25 account of, v, 28, 34
Kibchak, region east of the Jax- Gushtasp and, v, 34
ates and north of Tash- Kishwad, Iranian hero, father
kand, iv, 254 ix, 93 ; of Gudarz, 151, i, 207,
Kibtfs, vi, 397 and note 344. 365 ; ii. 4. II. 12,
Kimak, a river in Kibchak, iv, 18,22, 33, 70, 73, 107, 112,
203, 231 138. 318, 384, 399, 404,
Kimmerians, the, i, 17 409 ; iii, 19, 24, 33, 45,
Kinam-i-Asiran, near to, or iden- 100, 121, 123, 126, 143,
tical with, the ruins of 154, 187, 289, 215, 302,
Shiis (Siis, Susa), vi, 327, 305. 308, 311, 327, 339;
357 and note iv, 20, 32, 35, 63, 147,
King, the ideal, iii, 16 174, 180, 263, 294, 310,
of kings, title of, vi, 193, 197 360, viii, 104
meaning of, in Achae- Karan, Shidiish, and, pursue
menian and
Parthian Kurukhan, i, 354
times, 198
vi, sent by Zal to release the
assumed by Ardshir Papa- Iranian captives, i, 367
kan, vi, 193, 199, 254, Kishwaristan, Iranian hero, iv,
258, 273 148
of the Commons, vii, 3 commands the troops from
piece in chess, vii, 382, 385 Barbaristan and Rum, iv,
position of, vii, 388, 422 148
check to, vi', 422 Kisra, Shah, 166. See Nushir-
mate to, vii, 423 wan.
piece in nard, vii, 382, 389 Kitradad, Nask, i, 373
GENERAL INDEX 3^5
Knathaiti, Pairika, female per- Kub4d, imprisoned, vii, 184
sonification of idolatry, i, escapes, vii, 184, 197
172 marriage of, vii, 1S4, 1S6,
Kobad, Shah. See Kubad. 198
Ktesias, Greek historian (5th gives his wife a signet-ring,
century B.C.), vi, 13, 68 vii, 198
chosen to fight with Barta, iii, 166, 177, 198, 199, 205,
Marv by help of
arrives at ix, 81 aiul nule
Khan's seal, viii, 339 quoted, i, 99 v, 166 viii,
; ;
shan, 399
ii, vi, 193, 203, 257
bestowed on Giv by Kai language, i, 64
Kaus, ii, 399 legend of the origin of the,
Kai Khusrau, iv, 298 i, 146
Kumar, city or cape in India, ii, Ardshir Papakan 's war with,
103 and note in Karnamak, vi, 196,
Kundrav, minister of Zahhak, 206, 256
140 Shahuama, vi, 230 seq.
mythological origin of, i, 143 Kurdistan, mountainous region
Faridiin and. Story of, 140, north of Mesopotamia, vi,
i, 164 330
goes to Zahhak with tidings Kurdzad, daughter of Mihrak
of Faridun, i, 165 q.v.
Kundur, Turanian hero, iii, 152, Kuria Muria Islands, off the
185, 210, 215, 251 ; v, southern coast of Arabia,
112, vi, 72
worsted by Rustam, iii, 224 Kurukhan, Turanian warrior, i,
priestesses of =
Amazons, vi, compile the prose Shah-
71 nama for Abii Mansur, i,
Macan, his edition of the Shah- 69
nama, i, 76 ; vi, 60 advocates of next-of-kin
Mace, Faridun's, i, 161, 163, 165, marriage, ii, 1S9
168 Magian, Magians, vii, 60
the making i, 158 of, chant, vii, 60
Macedonia, 82
vi, 81, fire, vii, 409
Macedonian invasion of the East, Magic, i, 51
vi, 68, 6g derivation of, i, 56
Machin (China), ii, 357 note, 370, sympathetic, i, 8
394 ; iii. 253, 265
46. ; Magism, v, 11
iv, 151, 203, 229, 231, 234, Magog. See Gog.
252 ; V, 142, 145 viii, ; Magophonia, import of, i, 59
417 ix, 107
; Magus. See Magi.
Machine, flying, of Kai Kaus, ii, Mahabharata, Indian Epic, iii,
103 8 ;iv, 316 vi, 31, 80
;
with regard to, vii, 317, Mahwi, Persian chief, iy6, ix,
325 70. 74. 89. 95. 97. 100 seq.,
Mah i-Azada Khu, wife of Tur, i, 118
1S8 described, ix, 87
meaning of, i, 188 note Farrukhzad entrusts Yaz-
Mahiyar, minister of Dara, dagird to, ix, 95
murders Dara, vi, 52 accepts charge of Yaz-
tells Sikandar of the mur- dagird, ix, 96
der, vi, 52 becomes disaffected to Yaz-
arrested by Sikandar, vi, 53 dagird, ix, 96
executed, vi, 56, 88 writes to Bizhan, ix, 96, 116
Mahiyar, Iranian noble, vii, 38 betrays Yazdagird, ix, 97,
praises Bahram Giir, vii, 38 98, 116, 117
Mahiyar, a jeweller, 16^, vii, 55 quest of, for Yazdagird, ix,
secj. 100
daughter of. See Arzii. has tidings of Yazdagird, ix,
entertains Bahram Giir, vii, lOI.
(A.D. 96 1
—
976), i, 20, 21
account of, vi, 327 V, 21 ; vii, 5
-gate, vi, 327, 3.59 Maniishan, a king in Pars, iv,
teaching of, vi, 32S 146, 180, 191
disputation of, with the high ManusA'ihar (Miniichihr), i, 338
priest, vi, 35S Manwi, viii, 253
executed, vi, 359 Marathi, Scythian people, iv, 315
Manicheism, ii, 19 note Marchlord, ill-disposed, op-
Manizha, daughter of Afrasiyab, presses Kai, 174, viii, 366
750, iii, 285, 295 scq., 304, destroys gutters and cats,
308 sea., 348, 349 viii, 360
Bizhan and. Story of, i§o, recalled, viii, 368
iii, 7, 12 Marcian (Batariin q.v.), viii, 41
historical basis of, iii, 1 1 Marco Polo, Venetian traveller
Mohl on, iii, 285 (A.D. 1254-1324), vi, 74
Firdausi on, iii, 287 Mardanshdh, (Valan-sina q.v.),
referred to, viii, 72 viii, 74, 76 ix, 5, 6
;
vol.. IX. X
322 GENERAL INDEX
Mardanshah (Mardasas), son of Marvell, quoted, viii, 399 note
Shirin, viii, 189, 191, 193, Marvrud (Murghab), river in
196 ix, 39
;
Khurasan flowing into
execution of, ix, 7 and forming the Marv
Mardas, father of Zahhak, Story oasis, ii, 228 ; iv, 255 ;
fight of, with Rustam, ii, Media, iv, 315 ; vi, 31 vii, 6 ; ;
counsels, and gives the 94. 96, 143, 286; vi, 114,
throne
to, Naudar, i, 335 115, 122, 181 viii, 381;
women to Alburz,
351 i, vii, 94, 200
beleaguered in Dahistan, i, origin of, i, 133
353 Nicaea, Indian city, vi, 18
escapes from Dahistan, i, Nicephorium (Callinicus, Kalini-
355 yiis q.v., Warigh, Rakka),
pursued and taken by Afra- viii, 188
siyab, i, 355 Nicolaus of Damascus, Greek
slain, i, 363 historian temp. Augustus,
the Iranians bewail, i, 364 vi, 195
Nauriiz, Persian New-year's day Nil, as rhyme-word, i, 75
when the sun enters Aries, Nile, i, 40, 71, 114, 297 ; ii, 96,
vi, 33. 55, 273, 389 via, ; 153. 217, 310, 402 ill, ;
the Binaliid Kuh (?), ii, 176, 188, 191, 245 vi, 42, ;
395 ; iii. 17, 35, 319 ; iv, brother of Crcsar, viii, 280,
136. 188; V, 85, 248, 288 ; 310
vii, 327 viii, 196, 284; ; put in charge of Maryam,
ix, 5, 6 vi'i, 280
conlirmcd to Rustam by Kai welcomed by Khusrau I'ar-
Khusrau, iv, 297 wiz, 280
viii,
Zal by Luhrasp, iv, 312 WToth with Khusrau Par-
Sikandar marches to, vi, 175 wiz, viii, 290
satrapy of, ix, 69 watches fight between Khus-
Nineveh, viii, 193 rau Parwiz and Bahram
fall of, i, 10 Chubi'na, viii, 297
kings of, that attacked entertained at banquet by
Iran, i, 10 Khusrau Parvviz, viii, 309
battle near, viii, 194 quarrel of, witli Bandwi,
Ninus, mythical founder of viii, 309
'Prop'rly speakinR, ZiUmlisliiii is llie name of tin- hilly cmiiUi y about the
upper waters of the lliliiuiml, while Niinriiz and Sibtiin are synonymous
nam s for the low lying lands inio which i:s waters di scend, but I-'irdausi does not
seem to make any such liistinciion.
•
The city has sullered much in the past from the ravages of war and earth-
quake and has been rebuilt SLveral times on tlightly varying siicts,
334 GENERAL INDEX
Noldcke, on Romance of Baliram Niish Azar, Firc-templc at
Chiibina, viii, 73 Balkh, V, 92 note, 173,
North, Sir Thomas (A.D. 1535- 24^,255
1603 ?), vii, 383 burnt by the Turkmans, v,
version of the Fables of 93
Bidpai by, vii, 383 Nush Azar, youngest son of
Northman, the, vi, 19 Asfandiyar, ii, 3, v, 166,
found the Russian empire, 283, 285
vi, 19 attacks, with Nastiir and
Note on Pronunciation, preced- Asfandiyar, the Turanian
ing text in each volume host, V, 71
Nubia, vi, 65 builder of a Fire-temple, v,
Niih bin Nasr, Samanid prince 81
(A.D. 942-954). vii, 5 with Asfandiyar at Gum-
Niih II. bin Mansiir, Samanid badan, v, 98
prince (A.D. 976-997), i, informs Asfandiyai of Jam-
2t, 36 V, 21 ; asp's arrival, v, 98, 99
Nu'man, prince of Hira, 162, accompanies Asfandiyar
vi, 372, 396, 404
164, from Gumbadan, v, 103
visitsYazdagird, vi, 377 slays Turkhan, v, 151
goes to the chase with Bah- wrangles with Zawara, v, 226
ram Gur, vi, 384 slays Aiwa, v, 226
goes to the Persian court slain by Zawara, v, 227
with Bahram Giir, vi, death of, reported to Asfan-
. 386 diyar by Bahman, v, 227
returns to Yaman with corp.se of, sent to Gushtasp,
letters and presents, vi, V, 232
387 Nushirwan (Kisra, Chosroes I),
welcomes Bahram Gur on Shah, 166-1J0, i, 27, 42 ;
Hira, viii, 188 ix, 5 ; 80, 92, 105, 109, no, 119
put to death, viii, 190 collector of Iranian tradi-
Nu'man, Arab general, ix, 68 tion, i, 67
sent by 'Umar to fight quoted, vi, 208, 209 an^i
note and seq., 227, 252, loi, 226, 275, 286, 362,
254. 256 ; viii, 214. 219 410 ; iv, 146, 256, 269,
and note, 285 270, 318 ; V, 293, vi, 17.
;
victory and takes counsel, vi, 203, 256, 322 vii, 156; ;
90, 206 ; viii, 397 and vi, 61, 278 vii, 118, 129, ;
90 iii,
; 25 (?) iv, 136, ; vii, 280, 284 seq.
marries daughter of fraj ;
Fables of Bidpai brought to,
i, 205 vii, 213, 423 seq.
374
Pashang (Shida, q.v.), son of monks introduce the silk-
Afrasiy4b, i, 92 iii, 15 ;
worminto Europe, vi, 204
Pashin, son of Kai Kubad. See mutilation of captives, vi,
Kai Pashin. 323. 334. 348, 357- 404
Pashin, Iranian noble, vi, 408 sea or gult, vi, 204, 205, ix,
Patashwargar, region, vi, 202 and 66, 68
note swords, vii, 135
Pat-khusrau, brother of Gush- wisdom-literature, vii, 278
tasp, V, 26 seq., viii, 3
Patrician, iv, 348 verse, vii, 383
Patrons of Fiidausi, i, 29 Fables of Bidpai trans-
Pauravas, Indian race and dyn- lated into, vii, 383
asty, vi, 31 conquest of Yaman, viii, 24
Pauriishasp. See Pourushaspa. note
Pel fumes, invention of, i, 133 raid Syiia, viii, 41
GEN ERA J. INDEX .rfi
Pseudo -
Callisthenes, Greek vi, 3 ix, 56
;
ix, 17
_
46
Rakhsh, Rustam's steed, T42, i, constellation, ii, 299 ; v, 129
3S6; ii, 13, 42 scq., 67, 74, Ram, Fire-temple, vi, 202, 226
94, 97, 110, 116, 139, 143, Ram, franian wairior, viii, 291
311 354; iii, 146, 177, Rdm Ardsliir, city, vi, 202, 290
186, 189, 194, 195, 223, and note
224, 226, 227, 229, 259, Rdm Barzin, high priest and
264, 275, 278, 276, 279, general, 167, vii, 275
313. 3-26, 335,
3^4. 342. Kubad's testament kept by,
344. 346 seq., 350, 352 ; vii, 210
hears from the launderer and iii, 14, 96, 113, 114, 232
his wife about the case of slain, iii, 93
Darab, v, 308 battle for crown of, iii, 94
writes to Humai about the Rivniz, son of Zarasp, iv, 360
case of Darab, v, 308 Zarir and, go to Rum, iv, 360
appears with Darab before hails Gushtasp as Shah, iv,
Humai, v, 309 seq. 362
Ras-Shapiir (Gund-i-Shapur, Rizniihr (Zarmihr), son of Sufa-
q.v.),city. vi, 255, 256 rai, 166, vii, 207 viii, i6g ;
Rati, weight, vi, 156 and note identical with Sufaiai, vii,
Raven, Raven-head, ix, 91 and 185
note, 95 note, 96 Kubad and, go to the Hai-
Ravi (Hydraotes), river in the talians, vii, 186
Punjab, vi, 64 fate of, vii, 186
Rawalpindi, town and distiict in loyalty of, to Kubad, vii, 196
the Punjab, vi, 62 helps Kubad to escape from
Rawlinson, Sir Henry, his ac- prison, vii, 197
count of Gotarzes' insciip- negotiates a marriage for
tion at Bihistun, iii, 9 Kubad, .vii, 197
Rawlinson, Professor, vi, 253 made chief minister, vii, 200
Red Sea, ii, 364 Rizwan, angel, ii, 39 and note,
Reeds (bamboos), vi, 71 288
gigantic, seen by Sikandar, Roc, mythical bird, i, 51, 235
vi, 148 Roman, Romans, i, 10 iii, 2S6 ; ;
(Pseiulo-Callisthenes, 280
q.v.), vi, II scq., 88 rewaids her go-between, i,
with by, and other nobles 143. 297, 307, 360 iii, ;
for refusing audience, iv, 106, 151, 164, 296 ; iv, 14,
275 133. 148. 196, 197. 208,
Ruhham, king of Rai, temp. 272, 312, 314, 316, 317,
Bahram Giir, 85 vii, 2,2^ seq., 330, 331, 333 55?-.
Ruhhcim, Iranian warrior, vii, 339, 341 seq., 345, 348, 349
156 352, 353. 355. 356, 359,
helps Piruz to gain the 361, 364, ; V, 75, 76. 102,
throne, vii, 156, 186 ; 180, 188, 262, 301, 305 ;
viii, 73 vi, 40, 41, 45, 51, 53, 81,
Ruin, son of Piran, 151, i, 92 ; 94, 104, 113 seq., and
iii, 207, 234 iv, ; 10, 71, passim
90, 102, 152, 153, 162 king of = Mahmiid, i, 113
summons Piran to save = Sikandar, vi, 172
Farangis, ii, 323 and note West and, Salm's portion, i,
sent by Piran to attack 189
Bahram, iii, 98 brocade of, i, 157, 183, 210,
wounded by Bahram, iii, 252, 2G3, 316 and passim ;
MA seq., 349 se^-, 37i, 372, life of, saved by a ram, ii, 46
380, 394, 400 iii, 24, 35, ; song of, ii, 51
36, 40, 107 seq., 121, 134, rescues Kai Kaiis in Mazan-
138, 141 seq., 155, ib^seq., daran, ii, 58
182 seq., 294, 307, 308 iv ;
handgrip of, ii, 66, 67
II, 13, 27, 30, 65. 157, encounter of, with Kalahur,
167, 172, 198, 226, 227, 67
ii,
170 148
prays that his strength may meets Gudarz, iii, 171
Iranians, 234
iii, 281
sends Fariburz to Kai Khus- welcomed by Kai Khusrau,
rau with tidings of victory, iii, 282
iii,236, seq. tells adventure with
his
leads on the host, iii,238 Akwan, 282
iii,
Rustam, soiuls food and his ring Rustam, left by Kai Khusrau in
to Jiizhan, iii,340 Chin, iv, 241
removes boulder of Akwan welcomes Kai Khusrau on
from pit's mouth, iii, 345 his return from Gang-
makes conditions foi release dizh, iv, 251
with Bizhan, iii, 345 accompanies Kai Khusrau
releases Bizhan, iii, 346 to Siydwushgird, iv, 252
arrays his troops against summoned by the frinians
Alrdsiy4b, iii, 350 to remonstrate with Kai
mocks Afrasiyab, iii, 351 Khusrau, iv, 278
defeats Afrasiyab, iii, 352 with Zal and the sages, sets
triumphant return of, iii, forth for fr4n, iv, 279
353 met on arrival by Giidarz
presents Bizhan to Kai and other chiefs, iv, 282
Khusiau, iii, 354 holds converse with the
rewarded by Kai Khusrau, Iranians, iv, 282
iii, 356 audience of, with Kai Khus-
goes to Sistan, iii, 356 rau, iv, 283 seq.
sent to Hindustan by Kai holds, with other chiefs, at
Khusrau, iv, 14 the bidding of Kai Khus-
successes of, iv, 60, 71 rau an assembly on the
troops of, recalled, iv, 145 plain, iv, 291 seq.
commands the right wing, Kai Khusrau 's gift to, iv,
iv, 147 295
attacks with Kai Khusrau confirmed by Kai Khus-
from the centre, iv, 180 rau in possession of Nini-
goes %\dth Zawara to the [
ruz, iv, 297
right wing, iv, 180 sets out with Kai Khusrau
'
Sada, feast of, 140, i, 23 ; iv, 19, 237, 318 iii, 37, 115, ;
317 V, 309
; ; vi, 33, 55, iv, 66, 69, 269, 272 v, ;
230 and note, 245, 273, 205, 261, 284 vi, 353 ; ;
389; vii, II, 200; 94, vii, loi viii, 266, 270,
;
viii, 68, 133, 216, 313 ; 300, 376 note, 378, 381
ix, 40 92 racial significance of, i, 54
institution of i, 124 etymology of, Firdausi's, i,
Sada, Iranian noble, vii, 312 174
Safid Rud, river flowing through naming of, i, 187
Gilan into the Caspian, horoscope of, i, 188
Sarkab, Ruman general, viii, 281, 209, 225, 253, 257 vii, ;
Sarkash (Sergius), minstrel, 174, 72, 73, 214, 262, 330, 413
viii, 193, 398 seq.406 note ix, 4, 5, 46, 47, 50,
;
Story of, 174, viii, 396 54, 65, 72, 73, 76, 77, 83,
disgrace of, viii, 399 105
Sarkhin. See Sufarai. dynasty, i, 49, 374 ; ii, 10 ;
Sari'ich, desert in Kirman, ii, 226 v, 10, 282 ; vi, 249 seq.,
vii, 362 253. 257, 321 ; vii, I
seq..
Sariig, Jacob of, Syriac poet. 381 viii, 73
; ; ix, 4
See Jacob. Tabari on the rise of the,
Sarv, king of Yaman, 140, i, 211, vi, 198
286 v, 260 ;vi, 73 ; characterised,vi, 249
daughters of, asked in mar- Zoroastrianism under, vi,
riage by Faiidiin for his 251
sons,
i, 178 Mas'iidi on Church and
consults his chiefs, i, 179 State under, vi, 251
agrees, conditionally, to duration of, vi, 257
Faridun's request, i, 181 empire, i, 11 ; vi, 193, 327 ;
183, 208, 215, 247, 263. Sawurg, Indian king, 139, vi, 64,
310, 319, 394. 407 iii. ;
n8
32, no, 178, 232, 237, 254, Sayce, Professor, on the Ama-
268, 318 iv, 31, 214
; ; zons, vi, 71
V, 68, 89, 136, 154, 159, Scandinavians, vi, 73
220,233 ; vi, 97, 115, 176, found the Russian empire,
281, 318, 385 vii, 92. ; vi, 19
151, 252, 267, 346, 418 ; Scimitar of Salm, iv, 335 seq.
viii, 24, 66, 321, 392, 305 ; Scotland, vi, 79
ix. 73 vitrified forts in, vi, 79
sphere of, ix, 92 Scribe, scribes, office of, highly
Sav (the Sdvbar of tho Pahlavi esteemed, i, 27 and note ;
Banquet. 264
of, V,
Climes. See Climes. sent to be brought up at
Courses (Haft Khwan) of Kabul, V, 264
Rustam. See Rustam. marries the daughter of the
Planets. See Planet. king of K4bul, v, 264
Persian nobles, legend of the king of Kabul and, plot
vi, 207 against Rustam, v, 265
transferred to Ardshir seq.
Papakan (?), vi, 207 pretended quart el of, with
Stages (Haft Khwan) of As- the king of Kabul, v, 266
fandiyar. See Asfandi- goes to Zabul, v, 267
yar. cause of, taken up by
Warriors, Fight of the, 143, Rustam, v, 267
ii, 25, 82, 107 seq. persuades Rustam to go
Founts, jewel, viii, 392 with Zawdra and a small
and forty Shahs, viii, 395 escort to Kabul, v, 268
and note warns the king of Kabul of
Severus, Roman Emperor (A.D. Rustam's coming, v, 269
146-211), vi, 322 glories over Rustam, v, 271
Hatra besieged by, vi, 322 outwitted and slain by
Shabahang, Farhdd's steed, iii, Rustam, v, 272
313 iv, 8
; corpse of, burnt, v, 277
Bizhan's steed, iv, 47 Shah, accession of, ceremony at,
Shabdiz, Bahram Gur's steed, vi, 409
vii, 37, 80 Shdhi, city in H4mdvaran, ii, 89
Giv's steed,iii, 257 Shahcibad, the modern name for
Luhrasp's steed, iv, 323 the ruins of Gund-i-Sh4-
taken by Gushtasp, iv, pur in Khuzistan, vi, 295
3^3 Shahd, river, ii, 108; iii, 11,
Mihrab's steed, i, 326 116, 118, 123, 152, 173,
Khusrau Parwiz' steed, viii, 230, 241 ; vi, 391, 392
407 ; ix, 30 Shahd, mountain, iii, 237
3^>4 GENERAL INDEX
Shahnama (Bastan-nama, Khii- Shahnama, principles of the
dai-nama), isg, i, 66 ; ix, present translation of, i,
4 scq., 43, 50, 6i, 70 77 seq.
subject-matter of, how pre- certain terms used in, ex-
served, i, 56 plained, i, 80 seq.
oiigin of, i, 65 seq. Firdausi on the compilation
put into wilting, i, 66 of, i, 108
Prose, compilers of, referred historic element in mythical
to, vlii, 71, 73 period of, iii, 8 seq.
probably compiled by Magi, Greek subject-matter in, vi,
i, 69 II
referied to, by Firdausi, i, derivation of Sikandar given
108, 109 ; iv, 141 seq. ; in, vi, 19
vi, ig6 historic period of, i, 49; vi, 29
more than one, i, 29, 66, 67, Tian and, analogy between,
69 vi, 193
Dakiki and. See Dakihi. portion of, corresponding to
Shahnama, Firdausi's, 139, iy6, Karnamak, vi, 196
3, 23 seq. ; iii, 7, 9, 11, Karnamak and, compared,
14, 271, 286 ; iv, 7, 8, vi, 200 seq., 255 seq.
382, 394 1 12
362 41
Sh&piir, Ashk4nian (Parthian) provides for uniformity of
king, vi, 197, 210 Zoroastiian doctrine, i, 62
'
May be identical wiili ihe above in legend.
GENERAL IXDEX 3^>7
279 160
Bahram Chiibina writes to, wishes to meet Kai Ivhus-
viii, 285 rau in single combat, iv,
receives Istakhr and Darab- 161
gird, viii, 313 goes on an embassage to
Shapiir, father of Piruz, ix, Kai Khusrau, iv, 161
80 skirmish of, with Iranian
Shapur Gird (Gund-i-Shapur (/.y.) outposts, iv, 164
city, vi, 295, 298 welcomed by Kai an, iv,
Shatt-al-Arab, the combined 165
streams of the Tigiis and mail and steed of, iv, i68
Euphrates, ix, 67 receives Kai Khusrau 's reply,
Shawaran, Iranian hero, 151, ii, iv, 170
73, 90, III, 228, 249, 250, returns to Afrasiyab, iv, 170
255. 271, 318 iii, 20, 34,
; goes to fight Kai Khusrau,
43, 45. 48. 67, 115, 334, iv, 171
iv, 97. 105. 147. 275 parley of, with Kai Khus-
Shawwal, the tenth Muham- rau, iv, 172
madan month, vi, 208 challenges Kai Khusrau to
Sheep's heads, Bahram Chiibina a wrestling-bout, iv, 173
and viii, 74, 107
the, urged by his interpreter to
omen reported to Hur-
of, flee from Kai Khusrau, iv,
Shidiish, franian hero, i, 211 ; ii, Shiri'n, has charge of Rdja's letter
58, 85, 158, 340 ; iii, 33, ix, 17
45, 48, 127, 129, 130, 139, companions Khusrau Par-
141, 157, 248, 253 ; iv, wiz in prison, ix, 29
13, 15, 25, 191 reproached and summoned
with K4ran and Kishwdd, by Shirwi, ix, 36
pursues Kurakhan, i, 354 makes her Will, ix, 36
put in command of the goes to Court, ix, 37
rear, iv, 92 40
justifies hciself, ix, 38,
Kai Khusrau remonstrated exonerated, ix, 38, 41
with by, and other nobles, sons of, ix, 39
for refusing audience, iv, unveils to the Court, ix, 39
-275 enamoured of, ix, 39
Shir\vi
Shi'ite, Shi'itcs, Muhammadan makes request of Shirwi, ix,
sect, i, 13 40,41
origin of, i, 13 goes home, 40 ix,
Firdausi a, i, 24 distributes her wealth, ix, 40
Shikbdn, TrAnian warrior, vi, frees her slaves, ix, 41
395 poisons herself, ix, 42
Shiknan, place, vii, 359 Shirkhan (Shirvan, district and
Shingan, region, iii, 228, 238 ; town west of the Caspian
iv, 65 between the Kur river and
Shiraz, citj' in Pars (Farsistan), Darband ?), i, 169
166, i, 236 vi, 198 note,; Shirkhun, a Zabuli, v, 184
210 vii, 6, 173, 190, 193,
; guides I3ahman to Rustam,
194 V, 184
Sliiriu, wife of Khusrau Parwiz, Shiiu, son of Gushtasp, 155, v, 26
174, 175. viii, 187, 194, slain, V, 57
363. 383. 407 ix, 28, 36 ;
Shiriiya, son of Bi'zhan, iv, 360
enmity of, to Shirwi, viii, goes with Zarir to Riim, iv,
189, 191, 193 360
account of, viii, 192 Shirwan (Shirvan ?) iii 216.
Khusrau and, Persian poem, See Shirkhan.
viii, 192 Shirwi, franian hero, i, 207, 215
meaning of, 193
viii, helps to take the Castle of
Maryam murdered by, \'iii, the Alans, i, 223 seq.
193. 389 conveys the spoil to Faridun,
a Christian, viii, 195 i.230, 232
warns Khusrau Parwiz Slu'rwi, Nushirwan's commander-
against Gurdya, viii, 364 in-chief, vii, 251
Khusrau Par\viz and, ix, 7 appointed to receive the
Story of, i'74, viii, 382 Ruman tribute, vii, 262
married to, viii, 386 Shfnvi (KubM q.v.). Shdh, 174,
gilded chamber given to, 175, viii, 188, 190,
viii, 389 seq. : ix, 7, 8, II, 27, 2
hears Kubid proclaimed 31 seq., 36, 45, 47, 64
Sh4h, viii, 416 Shirfn's enmity to, \'iii, i
rau Parwiz to, ix, 27 dam and bridge at, vi, 298,
reproaches and summons 326
Shirin, ix, 36, 37 Sicily, vi, 30
falls in love with Shirin, ix, Alexander the Great's legen-
39 dary visit to, vi, 30
grants Shirin 's requests, ix, Siege-operations, iii, 246 iv, 208 ;
60 viii, 190
; v, 241
Fire-temple at, vii, 5 = Zawara, v, 226, 2 28
Khatiin sent to, vii, 5 = Faramarz, v, 228
Shoemaker, Bahram Gur and Sikandar (Iskandar, Alexander
the, 164, vii, 24 the Great, q.v.). Shah, 158-
Nushirwan and the, i6g, 160, i, 42, 49 ii, 3, Sseq.;
;
218, 260
vii, V, 30 vi, II, 13, 16, 18,
;
offer of, to advance money 29. 30, 33. 193. 210, 240
to Nushirwan, viii, 48 and note, 325, 353 viii, ;
[
GENERAL INDEX 371
Sikandar, clorivation of, in Ta- Sikandar, sends envoys to Ispa-
bari, vi, ly han and to the family of
dciivation of, in Shdhnima, D4ra, and letters to the
vi, 19, 26 provinces, to announce
birth of, vi, 18, 26 his accession, vi, 57
adopted as his heir by Faila- crowned Shah at Istakhr,
kus, vi, 27 vi, 5<j
counselled by Arastih's, vi, Reign of, 15S, vi, 60 seq.
35 Note on, vi, 60 seq.
refuses tribute to Ddrd, vi, diagram to illustrate Per-
36 sian Romance of, \ i, 84
prepares for war with Dard, inaugural address of, vi, 85
vi. 37 correspondence of, with the
invades, and defeats king of, the wife and daughter of
Misr, vi, 30, 37 Daici, vi, a 86, seq.
Iran, vi, 30, 37 seq. marries Riishanak, vi, 90
visit of, to the camp of Dkrk,
'
invades Hind, vi, 98
vi, 38 Kaid and, vi, 61, 98
invited to banquet with approaches Milad, vi, 61, 98
Dara, vi, 40 inquires about the Four
takes the golden cups of Wonders of Kaid, vi, 100
Dara, vi, 40 Four Wonders and other
recognised, vi, 40 gifts sent by Kaid to, vi,
escapes, vi, 41 103
defeats Dara, vi, 43, 44, 46 marries daughter of Kaid, vi
issues proclamation to the 104
Iranians, vi, 44, 47 sage of Kaid and, vi, 62, 104
gives the spoil to his troops, seq.
vi, 44. 47 principle of the cup ex-
marches from 'Irak against plained to, vi, log
Dara, \n, 46 conceals his treasures, vi,
enters Istakhr, vi, 46 no and note
answers Dara's letter, vi, 50 advances to Kannvij, vi, no
marches from Istakhr, vi, 51 troops of, protest, vi, 113
hears of Dard's murder, vi, remonstrates with his troops
52 vi, 113
arrests Darei's murderers, vi, troops of, ask pardon, vi,
53 114
finds Dara still living, vi, 53 war of, with Fiir (Porus), vi,
promises to avenge Dcir4, vi, 67, no seq.
53 hears of Fiii's elephants, vi,
Sind, the river Indus and the ii, 228, 229, 388 iv, 26, ;
Gushtasp, v, 75 117
chiefs of, vi, 123 Malcolm's identification and
warriors of, vi, 132, 137 desciiption of,' i, 236
Sikandar marches to, vi, 175 Zal bids Rustam take, i, 329
Sindbad, the sailor, vi, 71 described, i, 329
lands on a whale, vi, 71 taken by Rustam, i, 331
Sinde, river, iii, 10 and note treasures of, i, 331, 332
Sindian, Sindians, 160, vii, 126 hold destroyed by Zal's
of,
defeated by Sikandar, vi, orders, i, 333
175 Sipandarmad, ameshaspenta,
Sindukht, wife of Mihrab and q.v., iii, 287, 328 v, 18 ;
"
•C/. Vol. v., p. 30. Ste p. 333 note.
GENERAL ISDEX 373
Si'stdn, orig;in of name, i, 19 S i y awiish — ro n I .
117, 119
i, destined to misfortune from
slainby the Black Div, i, 120 birth, ii, 196
lamentations over, i, 120 brought up by Rustani, ii,
146, 148, 149, 156, 163, archery of, ii, 266, 293
183, 197, 199, 200, 201, 203 mairiage of, with Jarira, ii,
seq.. 211, 214, 226, 237, 268 seq.
238, 256, 283, 289, 297, marriage of, with 1-aiangis,
307. 315. 324. 347; iv. 7. ii, 270 seq.
17. 18, 34, 50, 51, 70 seq., entertained by PirAn, ii, 278
89. 90, 95. 96. 102, 109, buikls cities, ii, 278 seq.
120, 127, 129, 130, 137, consults the astrologers, ii,
viii, 72, 75, 168, 285 189. 255; vii, 331. 337.
appointed minister to the 358, 359
regent Balash, vii, 164 Sughdiana, vi, 72. See Sughd.
378 GENERAL INDEX
Suhrab, son of Rustam and Si'ikhra. See Sufarai.
Tahmina danghter of the Sukhta, treasure, viii, 406 and
king of Samangan, 144, rwfe
ii, 4, 25 iv, 296
; v, 204 ; ;
Sultan. See Mahnnul.
vi, 325 Sumai, viii, 195
Story of, J44, ii, 118 seq. Sun, on the Nature of the, Jjg,
Note on, ii, 118 i,105
purely episodic, ii, 118 one of the seven planets, i,
mairiage, 316
iv, Ardsliir Papakan, vi, 198,
Syavarshana (Siyawush q.v.), . 203
11, 1S9 iv, 137
;
genealogies of Papak, vi,
Syria (Sham), country, ii, 80 ; 200
vi, 30 viii, 193
; Worm, vi, 205, 206
raiiled by Persians, viii, 41 Haftwad, vi, 203, 206
Syriac, version of the Pseudo- length of Ardshir Papa-
Callisthenes, vi, 14, 16, 18, kan 's reign, vi, 234
30, 31 seq., 61, 63, 65, 66, Ardawan 's daughtei, vi,
68, 71, 72, 74, 78 seq. 255
Chiistian Legend of Alex- Shapur, son of Ardshir
ander, vi, 14, 15, 74,78,84 Papakdn, vi, 255, 257
quoted, vi, 15 death of Shdpur, son of
metrical version of, vi Shapu*-, vi, 305
15. 78, 84 Bahr4m, son of Shapur,
Syrian, ix, 06 vi, 368
man), i, 125, 127, 214 194, 361, 363 viii, 53, 90,
;
Ahriman and, legend of, i, 125 109 note, 118, 173, 175,
culture hero, i, 125, 126 180, 182, 229, 241 ; ix, 9,
divs rebel against, i, 127 10, 90
conquers and enslaves the Ardshir Papakan goes to,
divs, 127i, vi, 245
death of, foretold, vii, 408, Tausar, high piiest under Ard-
413. 418 shir Papakan, i, 62
defeated by Gav, vii, 412 letter of, i, 63
accepts Gav's proposal for a Tawdba, Iranian hero, iii, 25
decisive battle, vii, 415 Tawurg, Turanian hero, iv, 188
defeat and death of, vii, sent on an expedition by
416 Afrasiyab, iv, 1S8
Talikan, city and stronghold defeated by Rustam, iv, 193
east of Marv, ii, 228 iv, ; Taxation, i6j, vii, 224
65. 255 Fiidausi's exemption from,
ceded by Piruz to the Hait4- i. 35. 39 ix, 121 ;
49 198, seq.
described, vii, 48 slay Iraj, i, 201
Bahrdm Gur's, vii, 48 seq. send fraj's head to Fari-
Tukhar, Fariid's counsellor, 14J, diin, i, 202
iii, 43 5^^. hear of Minuchihr, i, 208
tells Farud the blazons of send fen embassy to Fari-
the Iranian chiefs, iii, 44 diin, i, 208
counsels Farud, iii, 47, 52 seq. receive Fan'dun's reply,
Tukhdr, king of Dahistan, iv, 148 i, 213 seq.
commands with Fariburz prepare for war, i. 215
the troops fiom Khdwar, parley of, with Kubad, i, 217
iv, 148 Salm and, worsted by Minu-
slays a scout from Makran, chihr, i, 220
iv, 242 plan a night-surprise, i,
Tukhdr, Iranian chief, viii, 228 220
takes letter to Caesar, viii, worsted, i, 221
263 slain by Minuchihr, i, 221
Tukhar, Iranian general, con- head of, sent to Faridiin, i,
son 314
of, viii, Tiiran (Turkistan), the legendary
Tumaspa (Tahniasp, q.v.), i, 369 patrimony of Tiir, q.v. and
Tur, second son of Fan'dun and a general name for the
luler of Turin, 140, 141, non-franian regions north
i. 42, 90 seq., 335, 337, of the Oxus (Jihiin), 142,
34^.344. 362 ; ii, 8, 17, 19, 146, 14S. 13J, IS3. 165-
99. 237, 262, 297, 302, 303, i6j ; i, 189, 229, 351, 371,
318, 327, 363, 390; iii, ii, 9, 18, 25, 79, 82, loi.
7. 30. 37. "5. 197. 245, 112 and passim ; iii, 8, 11,
246 iv, II, 34, 66, 69, 70,
; 15, 25, 29 and passim ;
78, 166, 167, 188, 201, 203, iv, 10, 15, 17, 19, 20, and
206, 269, 272, 290 V, 42, ;
passim ; v, 12, 20 seq., 25,
206, 261, 284 vi, 353 ; ;
32, 41. 43. 45. 53. C)i. and
vii, 73 viii, 266, 300, 376
; passim; vi, 43. 182, 398;
note, 378 ix, 103 ; vii, 43, 92, I3<i. 156, 178;
racial significance of, i, 54 viii, 118, 123, 130, 242,
384 GENERAL INDEX
Tiiran — cont. Turk, Turks = Kulun, viii, 343
329. 331. 349, 350. 376, defeated by Yalan-sina, viii,
405, 407 ix, II, 89, 99
; 353
monarch of Chin and=Afra- Turkhan, Turanian hero, v, 151
siyab, ii, 99 sent with troops to recon-
host of, ii, no noitre outside the Brazen
lord of = Mahinud, iv, 142 Hold, v, 151
Turanians (Turkmans), 143, 148, Turkish, ix, 87
149' 1 51-153. 155. 165; Turkistan (Tiiran), I4y, ii, 19 ;
i, 9, 10, 54 ; ii, 11, 81, 265; iii, 109, 228 iv, 233 v, ; ;
iii, 30, 115, 320, 322 iv, ; 55 vi, 179, 278, 280. 397;
;
7, 81. 129, 223, 227; V, vii, 84, 92, 118, 334, 365 ;
13, 20, 116 ; vii, 90 ; viii, viii, 324, 336, 363, 376,
123, 320 377. 407
historical relations of, with Turkman, Turkmans (Tiiian.
the Iranians, i, 16 ians), 148, 153, i, 20, 189,
Turk, Turks, i, 10, 20 ; viii, 95, 263, 343, 352, 357; ii,
103, 121,
136, 138 135, 12, 14, 15, 92, 100 and
seq., 142, 164, 169, 170, passim iii, ; 30, 63, 81, 93,
189. 316, 320, 349, 352 ; and passim ; iv, 10, 13,
ix, 96 seq., 105, 114,
70, 15, 19, 20, 22, 29 and
117, 120 passim ; v, 22, 25, 36, 39,
confused vdth the Haita- 40. 44. 47. 51. 52, 61, 72,
Uans, vii, 4 90 seq., 98 seq., 104 seq.,
historical appearance of, vii, 108, no,
113, 114, 116,
317 135, 152, 157. 158, 171.
Tabari on, vii, 317 173, 206, 254 vii, 48, 88. ;
defeat the Haitahans, vii, 92, 97. 177. 179, 239, 344.
332 364 ; viii, 377 ; ix, 25, 76,
described, vii, 332 94
War of, with Persians, viii, slave-boy of Zal meets the
72 damsels of Rudaba, i, 263
prophesied, viii, 98 seq.
= Sawa, 98viii, make peace with Zav, 371 i,
local legend of, vi, 372, 391 228, 406 and note ; viii,
seq. 285 ; 24ix,
vi, 382
onyx of, vi, 128
striped stuff of, vi, 175
monarch of, vi, 175 ; viii,
YAjxij and MAjiij (Gog and 16
Magog, q.v.), 160, vi, 79, gives gifts to Sikandar,
163 seq., 211 note ^i.175
legend of, in the Kuran, vi, = Munzir, vi, 378, 387,
78 _
390
Tabari on, vi, 78 Bahram Gur goes to, vi, 378,
described, vi, 163 390
Ya'kub bin Lais, Persian chieftain conquered by Persians, viii,
and founder of the Saffari 24 note
dynasty, i, 67, 68 curtains of, viii, 148, 151
Ya'kubi, Arabic historian (died Yanus (Julian), brother of Ca?sar,
A.D. 891) 162, vi, 324, 326
GENERAL IXDEX 391
Ydnus, Icatls a host against SliA- Yazdagird, consults the astrolo-
piir, vi, 351 gers, vi, 390
(kfoatcd, vi, 352 death of foretold, vi, 301
Vaslit XXII, nu'trical para- attacked by bleeding of the
j)lirasi' 318
of, vii, nose, vi, 390
Yatkar-i-Zariran, Pahlavi text, death of, vi, 373, 393
V, 13, 24, 27 and nole vii, ; Noldeke on, vi, 373
380' corpse of embalmed and
compared with Daki'ki's taken to Pars, vi, 393
work, V 24 scq. Yazdagird, son of Bahrdm Giir
resembles KArnimak, vi, (Isdigerd II), Shdh, 166,
195, 196 vi, 3 ; vii, 4, 152, 136, 160,
Yazates (Izads), the, iii, 286 187
Yazd, city in central Persia, vi, welcomes his father on his
return from Hind, vii,
Yazdagird, son of Shapiir, Shah 137
(Isdigerd I), 163, 164. vi, apjjointed by Bahram Giir
3 vii, 4, 10,
; log, 119, to succeed him, vii, 150
171. 185. 359 Reign of, 166, vii, 153 seq.
referred to, vi, 369 vii, ; Note on, vii, 153
74 a blank in Shahnama, vii,
Reign i6j, vi, 371 seq.
of, 153
Note on, vi, 371 5^^. historicallj important, vii,
parentage of, uncertain, vi, 153
371 wars of, vii, 153
lover of peace like Aknaton fortifies passes in the Cau-
of Egypt, vi, 371 casus, vii, 153, 1
87
titles of, vi, 371, 372 title of, vii, 153
Tabari on, 372, 373
vi, sons of, vii, 153
coins of,373 vi, appoints Hurmuz to suc-
evil administration of, vi, ceed him, vii, 155
374. 404 dies, vii, 155
makes search for a governor Yazdagird (Isdigerd III), Shdh,
for his son Bahram Gur, 176, V, 294 ; vi, 3 ; viii,
vi, 376 seq. 55, 73 ; ix, 5. 61, 64 seq.,
Nu'man and Munzir visit, 68 seq., 72, 81, 90, loi,
^'i. 377 105, 106, 113, 115, 116,122
puts Bahrim Giir in Mun- Reign and Era of, 176, ix,
zir's charge, vi, 378 64
receives from Munzir a pic- Note on, ix, 64
ture of Bahrdm Giir shoot- taken for safety to Istakhr,
ing, vi, 385 ix, 64
Bahram Giir returns to, vi, age of, at accession, ix, 65
386 difficult position of, ix,
65
gives presents to, and sends Yazdagird, historical importance
a letter by, Nu'mdn to of reign of, ix, 65
Munzir, vi, 387 flight of, from Ctesiphon, ix,
disgraces Bahram Giir, \i, ^7
389 Ihilwan, ix, 68
sends JJahram Gur back to last attempt of, to recover
Mun_ir, vi, 390 his empire, ix, 68
392 GENERAL INDEX
Yazdagird, concentrates his Youths, two, bid Ardshir Papa-
atNahavand, ix, 68
forces kin not to tarry in his
defeated and a fugitive, ix, flight from Ardawan, vi,
6f) 201, 222
death of, referred to, ix, 69 Youths, two', entertain and coun-
host returns to, after Kadi- sel Ardshir Papakan in
siya, ix, 85 the matter of the Worm,
hears of Rustam's death, ix, vi, 207, 239 seq.
85 help Ardshir Papakan to
quits Baghdad, ix, 88 slay the Worm, vi, 242,
makes for Marv, ix, 8g 244
entrusted to Mahwi by Yudhishthira, eldest of the five
Farrukhzad, ix, 95, 96 Pandavas, iv, 138
at Marv, ix, 97, 116 renunciation of the world,
hears of tlie coming of the and ])ilgrimagc to heaven
Turks, ix, 97 compared with that of
of,
betrayed by Mahwi, ix, 98 Kai Khnsrau, iv, 138
defeated, ix, 98, 116 Yunan, vi, 95 and note, viii, 258
miller and, ix, 99 seq. Faith of, vi, 95
described, ix, 99, loi
Mah\vi bids miller slay, ix,
107, 116 Z
slain, stripped and flung into
stream, ix, 108, 109 and Zab, lesser, tributary of Tigris,
note viii, 189
corpse of, recovered, la- Zabul, ZabuIistan=Nimruz =
mented over and en- Sistan,
^
141, 142, 144,
tombed, ix, 109 seq. 156 ; 248, 252, 254,
i, 264,
Firdausi on, ix, iii 282, 324, 332, 357, 361,
Yazdagird, chief scribe, temp. 364, 366, 367, 371, 375,
Nushirwan, vii, 304, 307, 381 ; ii, 21, 28, 42, 61,
312, 333, 337, 339, 39 + 83, 92, 126, 138, 141, 142,
discourse of, vii, 305 156, 168, 227, 228, 245,
questions Biizurjmihr, vii, 260, 338, 362, 363, iii, ;
referred to, viii, 387 saying of, ii, 171 and note
394 GENERAL INDEX
Zahhak, an Aryan myth, ix, 65 Zal, horoscope of, taken, i, 251
king of Babylon, ix, 65 made regent of Zabul by
an Arab, ix, 65 Sam, i, 253
Zahi'r, Iranian hero, iv, 14.S progress of, in the arts, i, 255
commands the Bedouins in makes a progress through
Kai Khusrau's army, iv, his realm, i, 256
148 Riidaba and, story of, i, 257
Zainig'u, Zaini'gav, ii, 81 seq.
Zairi-vairi (Zariadres, Zarir, q.v.), referred to, iii, 285
iv, 316 V, 12 ; hears of, and falls in love
Zal (Dastan, Dastan-i-Sam, Das- with Mihrab's daughter,
tan-i-Zand, Zal-i-zai), son i, 257 seq.
of Sam and father of described, i, 260, 268
Rustam, 141, 142, 15J, sees Riidaba's handmaids,
154. 156, 157 ; h 145. -235, i, 263
58, 86, 169, 173 seq., 197, sends Sam's letter to Rii-
200, 204, 210, 212, 219 daba, i, 280
seq., 231, 240 seq., 246, goes to plead his cause with
255, 256, 261, 277 seq., Sam, i, 292
281, 283, 290; vi, 79; bears a letter of appeal from
viii, 223 ; ix, 25 Sam to Miniichihr, i, 295
vaiious names of, i, 84, 245 well received by Minii-
and note, 248 and note chihr i, 306
born with white hair, i, astrologer's presage con-
240 cerning, i, 307
cast away by Sam, i, 241 questioned by the arch-
found and brought up by images, i, 308
the Simurgh, i, 242 answers the archimages, i,
seen by a caravan, i, 309
242 displays his accomplishment
informed of his parentage by before Miniichihr, i, 311
the Simurgh, i, 245 returns to Sam, i, 316
given a feather by the goes with Sam to Kabul, i,
Simurgh, i, 246 317
restored to Sam by the felicitatedby Sam, i, 318
Simurgh, i, 247 married to Riidaba, i, 318
goes with Sam to court, i, and Riidaba go to Sistin, i,
249 319
GENERAL IXDI-X 305
Zal, left regent of Sistdn by S4m' Zal, witnesses Kai Khusrau 's
i. 3>y oath to avenge Siydwush,
siiiuiuoiis Si'murgh to
tlic iii, 22
succour Kiulaba, i, 320 son of = Rustam, iii, 132
goes with Rustam and Mih- meets Giv, iii, ^^ i
rdb to meet Sam, i, 324 sayings of, iii, 316, 351
bids Rustam take Mount sumnjoned by the franians
SijKind, i, 329 to remonstrate with Kai
hears of Rustam's success, Khusrau, iv, 278
i. 33^ sets out for fran with Rus-
bids Rustam destroy the tam and sages, iv, 279
hold of Mount Sipand, i, met on arrival by Gudarz
333 and other chiefs, iv, 282
informs Sam of Rustam's holds converse with the
exploit, 334 i, Iranians, iv, 282
buries Sam, i, 358 audience of, with Kai Khus-
hears from Mihrdb that rau, iv, 283 seq.
Shamasas and Khazar- asks pardon of Kai Khus-
wan are invading Zabu- rau, 290
iv,
listan, i, 359 holds, with other chiefs, at
goes to the help of Mihrdb, the bidding of Kai Khus-
i. 359 rau, an assembly on the
shoots arrows into the ene- plain, iv, 291 seq.
mies' camp, i, 359 Kai Khusrau's gift to, iv,
slays Khazarwan, i, 360 -295
wounds Kulbad, i, 361 companions of, rewarded by
puts Shamasas to flight, i, Kai Khusrau, i^', 297
361 returns thanks, iv, 298
hears of the death of protests against Luhrasp's
Naudar, i, 364 succession, iv, 301
fights with Afrasiyab, i, acknowledges Luhrasp as
368 Shah, iv, 302
proposes the election of a sets out with Kai Khusrau
new Shah, i, 370 on his pilgrimage, iv,
reproached by the frin- 306
ians, i, 375 turns back at the bidding of
reply of, i, 375 Kai Khusrau, iv, 307
bids Rustam prepare for laments the loss of the pala-
war, i, 376 dins and returns to Iran,
gives Sam's mace to Rus- iv. 310
tam, i, 378 promises fealty to Luhrisp,
collects horses for Rustam, iv,311
i. 37« Rustam and, welcome Gush-
marches against AfrAsiydb, tasp to Sistan, v, 85
i, 3«i hears of Bahman's ap-
urges the frcinians to choose proach, V, 182
a Shah, i, 381 interview of, with Bahman,
sends Rustam to summon V, 1S3
Kai Kubid. i. 382 give Bahman a guide to
goes to do homage to Kai conduct him to Rustam,
Khusrau, iii, 1 7 V, 184
396 GENERAL INDEX
Zal, Riklaba and, l)i(l(len by Zand, comment, i, 65
Rustam to
prepare to Zandavasta, i, 116, 129, 144, 171
receive Asfandiyar, v, 190 seq.. 234, 337, 338, 369;
Rustam recounts his inter- ii, 8, 25 seq., 81, 118, 189,
Rustam and, vilified by 30, 36, 41, 43, 51, 82, 85,
Asfandiyar, v, 201 100, 173, 176, 216, 241,
receives a message from 294. 299. 309 vi, 17. 55, ;
359 83
= Oxus, ii, 97 chosen to fight Akhast, iv,
nama, v, 18 222
o
Zartusht-nama, poem, v, 18 provokes the Iranians 1