So What Do you Need?

FOR SOMETHING LIKE THIS YOU NEED TO GET THE GOOD STUFF. ALTHOUGH YOU CAN USE HARDWARE

STORE ITEMS THE RESULTS ARE NEVER GOING TO BE AS GOOD AS IF YOU BUY A FEW ITEMS OF HIGH

GRADE MATERIALS . FOR THE GRAPHITE YOU WILL NEED FLAKE GRAPHITE POWDER – YOU CAN TRY

GROUND UP PENCILS BUT YOU ARE LIKELY TO BE DISAPPOINTED – THE POWDER SIZE CAN VARY FROM 5

MICRONS TO 150 MICRONS. THE PARTICLE SIZE WILL AFFECT THE END PRODUCT AND WHAT IT IS GOOD

TO USE FOR. FOR EXAPLE THE SMALL SIZES WILL INKJET PRINT BUT THE WILL BE LESS CONDUCTIVE
THAN

THE LARGER PARTICLE – EVERY THING IS A TRADE OFF

Materials
3 grams of Graphite
18 grams of Potassium Permanganate
360 mL of 96% Sulphuric Acid
40mL of 75% Phosphoric Acid
400mL of De-Ionised Water
3mL of 30-35% Hydrogen Peroxide
Equipment
A Heater Stirrer
2 Beakers – 1 x 1L and 1x500mL
A Large Glass Container (a 2L Jug)
A glass Stirring Rod
A pipette able to measure 3mL
Safety Equipment
Gloves
Glasses

Gloves
Glasses
For Washing
200mL Water
200mL Ethanol
200mL 30% Hydrochloric Acid
Procedure
Making the Graphene Oxide is extraordinarily easy. The real problem arises because
this
uses strong acids and the temperature should not be allowed to go over 55 degrees
centigrade.

1) Mix the 3g of graphite and 18 grams of potassium permanganate (a 1:6 ratio by

weight) together in the 1 Liter beaker ensuring an even mix.
2) Add 360mL of 96% sulphuric acid to the 500mL beaker, then add 40mL of 75%
phosphoric acid (a 6:1 ratio)– the mixture will get a little warm – wear gloves and
glasses
3) Stir the graphite and permanganate mix with one hand and add the acid mix to
with the other stirring all the while.

4) Stir until mixed

5) Place on the heater stirrer and stir at 50 degrees centigrade for 12 hours
6) Allow to cool to room temperature
7) Make ice from around 400mL of de-ionised water
8) Add the ice to the large glass container
9) Pour the graphite acid mix over the ice into the large glass container
10) Add 3mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide to mixture and stir
Congratulations – you now have a jar full of graphene oxide. The next thing you need
to
do is clean it.

‫ من‬1:6 ‫ غراما من برمنغنات البوتاسيوم (نسبة‬18 ‫ الجرافيت و‬G3 ‫) مزيج من الجيل الثالث‬1

‫ لتر في ضمان وجود مزيج حتى‬1 ‫الوزن) معا في الكأس‬

%75 ‫ مل من‬40 ‫ ثم إضافة‬،‫ مل‬500 ‫ للكأس‬%96 ‫ مل حامض الكبريتيك‬360 ‫) إضافة‬2

‫) – الخليط سوف تحصل على القليل من الدفء – ارتداء القفازات و‬6:1 ‫حمض الفوسفوريك (بنسبة‬

‫نظارات‬

‫) ضجة بالجرافيت وبرمنغنات مزيج مع واحد من ناحية وإضافة مزيج حمض إلى‬3

.‫مع األخرى مع التحريك كل حين‬

‫) يقلب حتى مختلطة‬4

‫ ساعة‬12 ‫ درجة مئوية لمدة‬50 ‫) وضع على محرض سخان وآثاره على‬5

‫) السماح لتبرد بدرجة حرارة الغرفة‬6

‫ مل مياه دي النفوق‬400 ‫) جعل الجليد من حوالي‬7

‫) إضافة الجليد إلى حاوية الزجاج الكبيرة‬8

‫) صب مزيج حمض الجرافيت على الجليد في حاوية زجاجية كبيرة‬9

‫ إلى الخليط ويقلب‬%30 ‫ مل بيروكسيد الهيدروجين‬3 ‫) إضافة‬10