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EC Engineering-Mathematics PDF
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to render engineering or other professional services.
Q. 1 The maximum value of q until which the approximation sin q . q holds to within
10% error is
(A) 10c (B) 18c
(C) 50c (D) 90c
n
SS2 7 5WW
T
(A) 0
X
(B) 1
. i
(C) 2 (D) 3
c o
Q. 3
a .
A polynomial f (x) = a 4 x 4 + a 3 x3 + a2 x2 + a1 x - a 0 with all coefficients positive has
i
(A) no real roots
(B) no negative real root
(C) odd number of real roots
o d
.n
(D) at least one positive and one negative real root
w
w
2013 TWO MARKS
w
Q. 4 Let A be an m # n matrix and B an n # m matrix. It is given that determinant
^Im + AB h = determinant ^In + BAh, where Ik is the k # k identity matrix. Using
©
the above property, the determinant of the matrix given below is
R V
S2 1 1 1W
S1 2 1 1W
S1 1 2 1W
S W
S1 1 1 2W
T X
(A) 2 (B) 5
(C) 8 (D) 16
Q. 5 With initial condition x (1) = 0.5 , the solution of the differential equation
t dx + x = t , is
dt
(A) x = t - 1 (B) x = t 2 - 1
2 2
2
t
(C) x = t (D) x = 2
2
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Q. 6 Given f (z) = 1 - 2 .
z+1 z+3
If C is a counter clockwise path in the z -plane such that z + 1 = 1, the value of
1
2pj #C
f (z) dz is
(A) - 2 (B) - 1
(C) 1 (D) 2
n
Q. 8 Consider the differential equation
d 2 y (t)
+2
dy (t)
. i
+ y (t)= d (t) with y (t) t = 0 =- 2 and
dy
=0
o
dt 2 dt -
dt t = 0-
c
dy
.
The numerical value of is
dt t = 0
+
a
(A) - 2 (B) - 1
(C) 0
d i (D) 1
o
Q. 9 The direction of vector A is radially outward from the origin, with A = krn .
.n
where r2 = x2 + y2 + z2 and k is a constant. The value of n for which d:A = 0 is
(A) - 2 (B) 2
w
(C) 1 (D) 0
w
A fair coin is tossed till a head appears for the first time. The probability that the
Q. 10
w
number of required tosses is odd, is
(A) 1/3 (B) 1/2
©
(C) 2/3 (D) 3/4
Q. 12 Given that
-5 -3 1 0
A=>
2 0H
and I = >
0 1H
, the value of A3 is
(A) 15A + 12I (B) 19A + 30I
(C) 17A + 15I (D) 17A + 21I
dy
Q. 14 The solution of the differential equation = ky, y (0) = c is
dx
(A) x = ce-ky (B) x = kecy
(C) y = cekx (D) y = ce-kx
. in
Q. 17 The system of equations
x+y+z = 6
x + 4y + 6y = 20
c o
x + 4y + l z = m
a .
i
has NO solution for values of l and μ given by
d
(A) l = 6, m = 20 (B) l = 6, m =
Y 20
o
(C) l =
Y 6, m = 20 (D) l =
Y 6, m = 20
Q. 18
. n
A fair dice is tossed two times. The probability that the second toss results in a
w
value that is higher than the first toss is
(A) 2/36 (B) 2/6
(C) 5/12
w (D) 1/2
w
©
2010 ONE MARKS
Q. 20 The trigonometric Fourier series for the waveform f (t) shown below contains
(A) only cosine terms and zero values for the dc components
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(B) only cosine terms and a positive value for the dc components
(C) only cosine terms and a negative value for the dc components
(D) only sine terms and a negative value for the dc components
n
Q. 22 If ey = x1/x , then y has a
(A) maximum at x = e
. i
(B) minimum at x = e
o
-1
(C) maximum at x = e (D) minimum at x = e-1
Q. 23
. c
A fair coin is tossed independently four times. The probability of the event “the
i a
number of time heads shown up is more than the number of times tail shown up”
(A) 1/16 (B) 1/3
(C) 1/4
o d (D) 5/16
.n
Q. 24 v = xyatx + x 2 aty , then
If A # Av $ dlv over the path shown in the figure is
w
C
w
w
©
(A) 0 (B) 2
3
(C) 1 (D) 2 3
d2y dy 3
2 + c dt m + y = e
4 -t
Q. 28 The order of the differential equation is
dt
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4
Q. 29 A fair coin is tossed 10 times. What is the probability that only the first two
tosses will yield heads?
(A) c 1 m (B) 10C2 b 1 l
2 2
2 2
(C) c 1 m (D) 10C2 b 1 l
10 10
2 2
c
unit circle
(A) 2pc1 (B) 2p (1 + c0)
(C) 2pjc1
a . (D) 2p (1 + c0)
i
od
2009 TWO MARKS
.n
Q. 31 The Taylor series expansion of sin x at x = p is given by
x-p
w
2
(x - p) (x - p) 2
(A) 1 + + ... (B) - 1 - + ...
3! 3!
(C) 1 -
w
(x - p) 2
+ ... (D) - 1 +
(x - p) 2
+ ...
w
3! 3!
©
Q. 32 Match each differential equation in Group I to its family of solution curves from
Group II
Group I Group II
dy y
A. = 1. Circles
dx x
dy y
B. =- 2. Straight lines
dx x
dy x
C. = 3. Hyperbolas
dx y
dy
D. =- x
dx y
(A) A - 2, B - 3, C - 3, D - 1
(B) A - 1, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1
(C) A - 2, B - 1, C - 3, D - 3
(D) A - 3, B - 2, C - 1, D - 2
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c o2x + y = 6 has
.
(A) a unique solution
i a
(B) no solution
d
(C) an infinite number of solutions
o
(D) exactly two distinct solutions
.n
Q. 36 The equation sin (z) = 10 has
(A) no real or complex solution
w
(B) exactly two distinct complex solutions
w
(C) a unique solution
(D) an infinite number of complex solutions
Q. 37
w
For real values of x , the minimum value of the function
©
f (x) = exp (x) + exp (- x) is
(A) 2 (B) 1
(C) 0.5 (D) 0
Q. 38 Which of the following functions would have only odd powers of x in its Taylor
series expansion about the point x = 0 ?
(A) sin (x3) (B) sin (x2)
(C) cos (x3) (D) cos (x2)
-x x 2 - e-x (1 - xn) - 1
(C) xn + 1 = (1 + xn) e -x
n n
(D) xn + 1 = n
1+e n
xn - e-x
n
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
. in
Q. 43 In the Taylor series expansion of exp (x) + sin (x) about the point x = p , the
coefficient of (x - p) 2 is
(A) exp (p)
o
(B) 0.5 exp (p)
c
.
(C) exp (p) + 1 (D) exp (p) - 1
Q. 44
i a
The value of the integral of the function g (x, y) = 4x3 + 10y 4 along the straight
d
line segment from the point (0, 0) to the point (1, 2) in the x - y plane is
o
(A) 33
(B) 35
. n
w
(C) 40
(D) 56
w
w
Q. 45 Consider points P and Q in the x - y plane, with P = (1, 0) and Q = (0, 1). The
Q
line integral 2 # (xdx + ydy) along the semicircle with the line segment PQ as
©
P
its diameter
(A) is - 1
(B) is 0
(C) is 1
(D) depends on the direction (clockwise or anit-clockwise) of the semicircle
Q. 46 The following plot shows a function which varies linearly with x . The value of the
2
integral I = #1 ydx is
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sin b q l
2
Q. 48 lim is
q"0 q
(A) 0.5 (B) 1
(C) 2 (D) not defined
n
(A) 1/x2 (B) ex
(C) x2
. i
(D) e - x
2
Q. 50
c o
For the function e - x , the linear approximation around x = 2 is
(A) (3 - x) e - 2
a .
i
(B) 1 - x
d
(C) 63 + 3 2 - (1 - 2 ) x @e -2
(D) e - 2
o
.n
w
2007 TWO MARKS
w
d2 y
Q. 51 The solution of the differential equation k2 2 = y - y2 under the boundary
w
conditions dx
(i) y = y1 at x = 0 and
©
(ii) y = y2 at x = 3 , where k, y1 and y2 are constants, is
Q. 53 Three functions f1 (t), f2 (t) and f3 (t) which are zero outside the interval [0, T] are
shown in the figure. Which of the following statements is correct?
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(A) f1 (t) and f2 (t) are orthogonal (B) f1 (t) and f3 (t) are orthogonal
in
(C) f2 (t) and f3 (t) are orthogonal D) f1 (t) and f2 (t) are orthonormal
Q. 54
o.
If the semi-circular control D of radius 2 is as shown in the figure, then the value
of the integral # 2 1
(s - 1)
ds is
. c
a
D
d i
n o
.
w
w
(A) jp (B) - jp
w
(C) - p (D) p
©
Q. 55 It is given that X1, X2 ...XM at M non-zero, orthogonal vectors. The dimension of
the vector space spanned by the 2M vectors X1, X2,... XM , - X1, - X2,... - XM is
(A) 2M (B) M + 1
(C) M
(D) dependent on the choice of X1, X2,... XM
Q. 56 Consider the function f (x) = x2 - x - 2 . The maximum value of f (x) in the closed
interval [- 4, 4] is
(A) 18 (B) 10
(C) - 225 (D) indeterminate
Q. 61
. i n
A probability density function is of the form p (x) = Ke- a x , x ! (- 3, 3). The
value of K is
c o
a.
(A) 0.5 (B) 1
(C) 0.5a (D) a
Q. 62
d i
A solution for the differential equation xo (t) + 2x (t) = d (t) with initial condition
o
x (0-) = 0 is
.n
(A) e - 2t u (t) (B) e2t u (t)
(C) e - t u (t) (D) et u (t)
w
2006
w TWO MARKS
Q. 63
w
The eigenvalue and the corresponding eigenvector of 2 # 2 matrix are given by
©
Eigenvalue Eigenvector
1
l1 = 8 v1 = = G
1
1
l2 = 4 v2 = = G
-1
The matrix is
6 2 4 6
(A) = G (B) =
2 6 6 4G
2 4 4 8
(C) =
4 2G
(D) =
8 4G
p
Q. 66 The integral #0 sin3 qdq is given by
(A) 1 (B) 2
2 3
(C) 4 (D) 8
3 3
. in
4 2 101
Q. 68 For the matrix = G the eigenvalue corresponding to the eigenvector = G is
o
2 4 101
c
(A) 2
(B) 4
a .
i
(C) 6
d
(D) 8
n o d2 y
.
Q. 69 For the differential equation 2
+ k2 y = 0 the boundary conditions are
dx
(i) y = 0 for x = 0 and
w
(ii) y = 0 for x = a
w
The form of non-zero solutions of y (where m varies over all integers) are
(A) y = / Am sin mpx (B) y = / Am cos mpx
w
m
a m
a
mp mpx
(C) y = / Am x (D) y = / Am e -
©
a a
m m
Q. 72 A fair dice is rolled twice. The probability that an odd number will follow an even
number is
(A) 1/2 (B) 1/6
(C) 1/3 (D) 1/4
d2 y dy
Q. 73 A solution of the following differential equation is given by -5 + 6y = 0
dx2 dx
(A) y = e2x + e-3x (B) y = e2x + e3x
(C) y = e-2x + 33x (D) y = e-2x + e-3x
Q. 74 In what range should Re (s) remain so that the Laplace transform of the function
e(a + 2) t + 5 exits.
i n
(A) Re (s) > a + 2 (B) Re (s) > a + 7
(C) Re (s) < 2
.
(D) Re (s) > a + 5
o
c
Q. 75 The derivative of the symmetric function drawn in given figure will look like
a .
d i
o
.n
w
w
w
Q. 76
©
Match the following and choose the correct combination:
Group I Group 2
E. Newton-Raphson method 1. Solving nonlinear equations
F. Runge-kutta method 2. Solving linear simultaneous
equations
G. Simpson’s Rule 3. Solving ordinary differential
equations
H. Gauss elimination 4. Numerical integration
5. Interpolation
6. Calculation of Eigenvalues
(A) E - 6, F - 1, G - 5, H - 3 (B) E - 1, F - 6, G - 4, H - 3
(C) E - 1, F - 3, G - 4, H - 2 (D) E - 5, F - 3, G - 4, H - 1
-4 2
Given the matrix =
4 3G
Q. 77 , the eigenvector is
3 4
(A) = G (B) = G
2 3
2 -1
(C) = G (D) = G
-1 2
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2 - 0.1 1
a
Q. 78 Let, A = = G and A - 1 = = 2 G. Then (a + b) =
0 3 0 b
(A) 7/20 (B) 3/20
(C) 19/60 (D) 11/20
2
1
#0 exp c- x m dx is
3
Q. 79 The value of the integral I =
2p 8
(A) 1 (B) p
(C) 2 (D) 2p
R1 V R1 V
S4 0 0 0 W S2 0 0 0W
in
S0 1 0 0 W S0 1
2 0 0
W
(A) S 4 1 W (B) S W
.
1
S0 0 2 0 W S0 0 2 0W
o
S0 0 0 12 W S0 0 0 12 W
c
T X TR XV
.
R1 0 0 0 V 1
0 0 0W
S W S4
a
S0 1 0 0 W S0 1
4 0 0
W
i
(C) S (D) S W
0 0 1 0W S0
1
0 4 0W
d
S W
S0 0 0 1 W S0 0 0 14 W
o
T X T X
. n
w
***********
w
w
©
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SOLUTIONS
n
0.309
Now, we check it for q = 50c
. i
q = 50c = 50c # p = 0.873
180c
c o
.
sin q = sin 50c = 0.77
0.873
i a
% error = 0.77 - 0.873 =- 12.25%
the approximation
o d
so, the error is more than 10% . Hence, for error less than 10%, q = 18c can have
.n
sin q . q
w
Sol. 2 Option (A) is correct.
For, a given matrix 6A@ the eigen value is calculated as
w
A - lI = 0
w
where l gives the eigen values of matrix. Here, the minimum eigen value among
the given options is
©
l =0
We check the characteristic equation of matrix for this eigen value
A - lI = A (for l = 0 )
3 5 2
= 5 12 7
2 7 5
= 3 ^60 - 49h - 5 ^25 - 14h + 2 ^35 - 24h
= 33 - 55 + 22
=0
Hence, it satisfied the characteristic equation and so, the minimum eigen value
is
l =0
Sol. 3 Option (D) is correct.
Given, the polynomial
f ^x h = a 4 x 4 + a 3 x3 + a2 x2 + a1 x - a 0
Since, all the coefficients are positive so, the roots of equation is given by
f ^x h = 0
It will have at least one pole in right hand plane as there will be least one sign
change from ^a1h to ^a 0h in the Routh matrix 1 st column. Also, there will be a
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
in
S1 1 1 1W
=S W
.
S1 1 1 1W
o
S1 1 1 1W
TR V X
S1W
S1W
. c
a
= S W 61 1 1 1@
S1W
S1W
d i
o
T X
Hence, we get
n
R V
.
S1W
w
S1W
A = S W, B = 81 1 1 1B
S1W
w
S1W
w
T X R V
Therefore, BA = 81 1 1 1B S1W
S1W
©
S1W
S W
S1W
=4 T X
From the given property
Det ^Im + AB h = Det ^Im + BAh
R V ZR V _
S2 1 1 1W ]S1 0 0 0W b
S1 2 1 1W ]S0 1 0 0W b
& Det S W = Det [S W + 4`
S1 1 2 1W ]S
0 0 1 0W
b
S1 1 1 2W ]S0 0 0 1W b
T X \T X a
= 1+4
=5
Note : Determinant of identity matrix is always 1.
Sol. 5 Option (D) is correct.
t dx + x = t
dt
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dx + x = 1
dt t
dx + Px = Q (General form)
dt
IF = e # = e = e lnt = t
1
c
So,
.
2 2
i a
Sol. 6 Option (C) is correct.
d
f (z) = 1 - 2
z+1 z+3
1
# f (z) dz o
.n
= sum of the residues of the poles which lie
2p j C
inside the given closed region.
w
C & z+1 = 1
w
Only pole z =- 1 inside the circle, so residue at z =- 1 is.
-z + 1 (z + 1) (- z + 1) 2
w
f (z) = = lim = =1
(z + 1) (z + 3) z "- 1 (z + 1) (z + 3) 2
©
1
2pj #C
So f (z) dz = 1
t=0
dy (t)
sY (s) - y (0)
L
then,
dt
(- 2s - 3) s
So, sY (s) - y (0) = +2
(s2 + 2s + 1)
2 2
= - 2s - 32 s + 2s + 4s + 2
(s + 2s + 1)
sY (s) - y (0) = s + 2 2 = s + 1 2 + 1
(s + 1) (s + 1) (s + 1) 2
= 1 + 1
s + 1 (s + 1) 2
Taking inverse Laplace transform
dy (t)
= e-t u (t) + te-t u (t)
dt
dy
At t = 0+ , = e0 + 0 = 1
dt t = 0 +
in
Divergence of A in spherical coordinates is given as
.
d:A = 12 2 (r 2 Ar ) = 12 2 (krn + 2)
o
r 2r r 2r
c
= k2 (n + 2) rn + 1
.
r
i a
= k (n + 2) rn - 1 = 0 (given)
d
n+2 = 0 & n =- 2
o
Sol. 10 Option (C) is correct.
. n
Probability of appearing a head is 1/2. If the number of required tosses is odd,
we have following sequence of events.
w P = 1 + b 1 l + b 1 l + .....
3 5
Probability
2 2 2
w P =
1
2
=2
©
1 - 14 3
f (x) max
= (2) 3 - 9 (2) 2 + 24 (2) + 5
= 8 - 36 + 48 + 5 = 25
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n
A3 = 19A + 30I
Sol. 13 Option (D) is correct.
. i
From Divergence theorem, we have
c o
.
### 4$ v = #A
v Adv v $ nt ds
a
s
The position vector
v = 5rv, thus
d i
rv = ^utx x + uty y + utz z h
o
Here, A
.n
c 2x 2z m ^ h
4$ A v = utx 2 + uty 2 + utz 2 : utx x + uty y + utz z
2y
w
dy dz
= c dx +
dx dy dz m
+ 5 = 3 # 5 = 15
So,
w ## 5rv $ nt ds = ### 15 dv = 15V
w
s
©
We have
dy
dx
dy
= ky
Integrating # y
= # k dx + A
or ln y = kx + A
Since y (0) = c thus ln c = A
So, we get, ln y = kx + ln c
or ln y = ln ekx + ln c
or y = cekx
Sol. 15 Option (A) is correct.
C R Integrals is # - 2
3z + 4 dz where C is circle z = 1
C
z + 4z + 5
# f (z) dz = 0 if poles are outside C.
C
Now z 2 + 4z + 5 = 0
(z + 2) 2 + 1 = 0
Thus z1, 2 =- 2 ! j & z1, 2 > 1
So poles are outside the unit circle.
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in
S W
S1 4 l : m W
.
T X
Apply R 3 " R 3 - R2
R
S1 1 1 : 6 W
V
c o
S1 4 6 : 20 W
a .
i
S W
S0 0 l - 6 : m - 20W
d
T X
For equation to have solution, rank of A and A: B must be same. Thus for no
solution; l = 6, m ! 20
n o
.
Sol. 18 Option (C) is correct.
w
Total outcome are 36 out of which favorable outcomes are :
(1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (1, 6), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6);
w
(3, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6), (4, 5), (4, 6), (5, 6) which are 15.
Thus
w P (E) = No. of favourable outcomes = 15 = 5
No. of total outcomes 36 12
Sol. 19
©
Option (C) is correct.
Eigen value of a Skew-symmetric matrix are either zero or pure imaginary in
conjugate pairs.
Sol. 20 Option (C) is correct.
For a function x (t) trigonometric fourier series is
3
x (t) = Ao + / [An cos nwt + Bn sin nwt]
n=1
T -T/4 T/4
= 1 :TA - 2AT D =- A
T 2 2 2
Constant term is negative.
Sol. 21 Option (D) is correct.
Given differential equation
d 2 n (x) n (x)
- 2 =0
dx 2 L
n
lx
Let n (x) = Ae
. i
lx
So, Al2 elx - Ae2 = 0
o
L
c
l - 12 = 0 & l = ! 1
.
2
L L
Boundary condition, n (3) = 0 so take l =- 1
L
i a
o d
n (x) = Ae- L
x
.n
n (0) = Ae0 = K & A = K
So, n (x) = Ke- (x/L)
Sol. 22
w
Option (A) is correct.
w
1
Given that ey = x x
w
1
or ln ey = ln x x
©
or y = 1 ln x
x
= 1 1 + ln x ^- x- x h = 12 - ln2
dy 1
Now 2
dx xx x x
For maxima and minima :
dy
= 12 (1 - ln x) = 0
dx x
ln x = 1 " x = e 1
d 2y
Now =- 23 - ln x b- 23 l - 12 b 1 l
dx 2 x x x x
=- 22 + 2 ln3 x - 13
x x x
2
d x = -22 + 23 - 13 < 0
dy 2 at x = e1 e e e
1
So, y has a maximum at x = e
Sol. 23 Option (D) is correct.
According to given condition head should comes 3 times or 4 times
P (Heads comes 3 times or 4 times) = 4C 4 b 1 l + 4C 3 b 1 l b 1 l
4 3
2 2 2
= 1: 1 +4:1 :1 = 5
16 8 2 16
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#1 43 dy + #3 13 dy
2/ 3 1/ 3 3 1
= #1/ 3
xdx + #2/ 3
3xdx +
= 1 : 4 - 1 D + 3 :1 - 4 D + 4 [3 - 1] + 1 [1 - 3]
2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3
=1
Sol. 25 Option (C) is correct.
Given function
X (z ) =1 - 2z
z (z - 1) (z - 2)
Poles are located at z = 0, z = 1, and z = 2
in
At Z = 0 residues is
R 0 = z : X (z) Z = 0 = 1 - 2 # 0 = 1
(0 - 1) (0 - 2) 2
o.
c
at z = 1, R1 = (Z - 1) : X (Z ) Z = 1
= 1-2#1 = 1
a .
i
1 (1 - 2)
At z = 2 ,
d
R2 = (z - 2) : X (z) z = 2
o
n
= 1 - 2 # 2 =- 3
.
2 (2 - 1) 2
w
Sol. 26 Option (B) is correct.
w
Taking step size h = 0.1, y (0) = 0
w
x y dy dy
= x+y yi + 1 = yi + h
dx dx
©
0 0 0 y1 = 0 + 0.1 (0) = 0
0.1 0 0.1 y2 = 0 + 0.1 (0.1) = 0.01
0.2 0.01 0.21 y 3 = 0.01 + 0.21 # 0.1 = 0.031
0.3 0.031
From table, at x = 0.3, y (x = 0.3) = 0.031
Sol. 27 Option (D) is correct.
Given that
f (t) = L - 1 ; 3 3s + 1
s + 4s 2 + (K - 3) s E
lim f (t) = 1
t"3
s : (3s + 1)
or lim =1
s"0 s3 + 4s2 + (K - 3) s
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s (3s + 1)
or lim =1
s"0 s [s2 + 4s + (K - 3)]
1 =1
K-3
or K =4
Sol. 28 Option (B) is correct.
The highest derivative terms present in DE is of 2nd order.
Sol. 29 Option (C) is correct.
Number of elements in sample space is
Only 210 . one element
1
"H, H, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T , is event. Thus probability is 10
2
Sol. 30 Option (C) is correct.
We have
f (z) = c0 + c1 z - 1
1 + f (z) 1 + c0 + c1 z - 1
. i n
z (1 + c0) + c1
o
f1 (z) = = =
z z z2
. c
Since f1 (z) has double pole at z = 0 , the residue at z = 0 is
a
z (1 + c0) + c1
Res f1 (z) z = 0 = lim z2 .f1 (z) = lim z2 . c m = c1
i z2
z"0 z"0
Hence
o d
# f1(z) dz = # [1 +zf (z)] dz = 2pj [Residue at z = 0]
.n
unit circle unit circle
w
= 2pjc1
w
Sol. 31 Option (D) is correct.
w
We have f (x) = sin x
x-p
©
Substituting x - p = y ,we get
sin (y + p) sin y
f (y + p) = =- = - 1 (sin y)
y y y
3 5
y y
= - 1 cy - + - ...m
y 3! 5!
y2 y 4
or f (y + p) =- 1 +- + ...
3! 5!
Substituting x - p = y we get
(x - p) 2 (x - p) 4
f (x) =- 1 + - + ...
3! 5!
Sol. 32 Option (A) is correct.
dy y
(A) =
dx x
dy
or # = # dx
y x
or log y = log x + log c
or y = cx Straight Line
Thus option (A) and (C) may be correct.
dy y
(B) =-
dx x
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or # dyy =- # dx
x
or log y =- log x + log c
or log y = log 1 + log c
x
or y = c Hyperbola
x
Sol. 33 Option (D) is correct.
Sum of the principal diagonal element of matrix is equal to the sum of Eigen
values. Sum of the diagonal element is - 1 - 1 + 3 = 1.In only option (D), the
sum of Eigen values is 1.
Sol. 34 Option (C) is correct.
The product of Eigen value is equal to the determinant of the matrix. Since one
of the Eigen value is zero, the product of Eigen value is zero, thus determinant
of the matrix is zero.
Thus p11 p22 - p12 p21 = 0
in
Sol. 35 Option (B) is correct.
.
The given system is
o
4 2 x 7
=2 1G=y G = =6 G
A == G
4 2
. c
a
We have
i
2 1
d
4 2
and A = =0 Rank of matrix r (A) < 2
o
2 1
n
4 2 7
.
Now C == G Rank of matrix r (C) = 2
2 1 6
w
Since r (A) ! r (C) there is no solution.
w
Option (A) is correct.
Sol. 36
w
sin z can have value between - 1 to + 1. Thus no solution.
Sol. 37 Option (A) is correct.
©
We have
For x > 0 ,
f (x) = ex + e-x
ex > 1 and 0 < e-x < 1
For x < 0 , 0 < ex < 1 and e-x > 1
Thus f (x) have minimum values at x = 0 and that is e0 + e-0 = 2 .
Sol. 38 Option (A) is correct.
3 5
sin x = x + x + x + ...
3! 5!
2 4
cos x = 1 + x + x + ...
2! 4!
Thus only sin (x3) will have odd power of x .
Sol. 39 Option (B) is correct.
dx (t)
We have + 3x (t) = 0
dt
or (D + 3) x (t) = 0
Since m =- 3 , x (t) = Ce - 3t Thus only (B) may be solution.
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f'( xn) = 1 + e - x n
- xn
(1 + xn) e - x
xn + 1 = xn - xn - e- x =
n
Thus
1+e n
1 + e-x n
n
dn - 1 6(z - a) n f (z)@
i
Res f (z) z = a = 1
.
(n - 1)! dzn - 1 z=a
o
Here we have n = 2 and a = 2
o
.n
=- 2 =- 1
64 32
Sol. 42
w
Option (D) is correct.
w
eP = L- 1 6(sI - A) - 1@
w
s 0 0 1 -1
= L- 1 e= G - =
0 s - 2 - 3Go
© = L- 1 e=
s - 1 -1
2 s + 3G
s+3
o
1
= L- 1 f> Hp
(s + 1)( s + 2) (s + 1)( s + 2)
-2 s
(s + 1)( s + 2) (s + 1)( s + 2)
2e - 1 - e - 2 e-1 - e-2
== G
- 2e - 1 + 2e - 2 - e - 1 + 2e - 2
Sol. 43 Option (B) is correct.
Taylor series is given as
(x - a) 2
f (x) = f (a) + x - a f'( a) + f"( a) + ...
1! 2!
For x = p we have
(x - p) 2
Thus f (x) = f (p) + x - p f'( p) + f"( x)...
1! 2!
Now f (x) = ex + sin x
f'( x) = ex + cos x
f"( x) = ex - sin x
f"( p) = e p - sin p = e p
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f"( p)
Thus the coefficient of (x - p) 2 is
2!
Sol. 44 Option (A) is correct.
The equation of straight line from (0, 0) to (1, 2) is y = 2x .
Now g (x, y) = 4x3 + 10y 4
or, g (x, 2x) = 4x3 + 160x 4
1 1
Now #0 g (x, 2x) = #0 (4x3 + 160x4) dx
= [x 4 + 32x5] 10 = 33
Sol. 45 Option (B) is correct.
Q
I =2 #P (xdx + ydy)
Q Q
=2 #P xdx + 2 #P ydy
0 1
=2 #1 xdx + 2 #0 ydy = 0
in
Sol. 46 Option (B) is correct.
.
The given plot is straight line whose equation is
o
x +y =1
c
-1 1
or y = x+1
a .
i
2 2
Now I = #1 ydx = #1 (x + 1) dx
=;
o d
(x + 1) 2 2 9 4
E = - = 2.5
n
2 2 2
Sol. 47 Option (C) is correct.
.
w coth x = cosh x
w
sinh x
as x << 1, cosh x . 1 and sinh x . x
Thus
w coth x . 1
©
x
Sol. 48 Option (A) is correct.
sin ^ q2 h sin ^ q2 h 1 lim sin ^ 2 h = 1 = 0.5
q
lim = lim =
q"0 q q " 0 2^ q h 2 q " 0 ^ q2 h 2
2
lim x2 = 3
x"3
lim e - x = 3
x"3
lim e - x = 0
2
x"3
x"0
Sol. 50 Option (A) is correct.
We have f (x) = e - x = e - (x - 2) - 2 = e - (x - 2) e - 2
(x - 2) 2
= ;1 - (x - 2) + ...Ee - 2
2!
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A.E. D2 - 12 = 0
k
or D =! 1
k
C.F. = C1 e - + C2 e
x x
n
k k
i
- y22
.
1
P.I. = c m = y2
D2 - 1
k2
o
k2
c
Thus solution is
y = C1 e - + C2 e + y2
.
x x
a
k k
i
From y (0) = y1 we get
d
C1 + C2 = y1 - y2
o
From y (3) = y2 we get that C1 must be zero.
.n
Thus C2 = y1 - y2
w
y = (y1 - y2) e - + y2
x
k
w
Sol. 52 Option (B) is correct.
We have
w f (x) = x3 - x2 + 4x - 4
©
f'( x) = 3x2 - 2x + 4
Taking x0 = 2 in Newton-Raphosn method
f (x0) 23 - 22 + 4 (2) - 4
x1 = x0 - = 2- =4
f'( x0) 3 (2) 2 - 2 (2) + 4 3
Sol. 53 Option (C) is correct.
For two orthogonal signal f (x) and g (x)
+3
#- 3 f (x) g (x) dx = 0
. in
= 18
o
Sol. 57 Option (C) is correct.
c
Probability of failing in paper 1 is P (A) = 0.3
Possibility of failing in Paper 2 is
a .
P (B) = 0.2
i
Probability of failing in paper 1, when
d
student has failed in paper 2 is P ^ BA h = 0.6
o
We know that
n
(P + B)
Pb A l =
.
B P (B)
or
w
P (A + B) = P (B) P b A l = 0.6 # 0.2 = 0.12
B
Sol. 58
w
Option (C) is correct.
We have
w R V R V
©
S1 1 1 W S1 1 1 W
A = S1 - 1 0 W + S1 - 1 0 W R3 - R1
SS1 1 1 WW SS0 0 0 WW
T X T X
Since one full row is zero, r (A) < 3
1 1
Now =- 2 ! 0 , thus r (A) = 2
1 -1
Sol. 59 Option (D) is correct.
The vector Triple Product is
A # (B # C) = B (A $ C) - C (A $ B)
Thus 4#4# P = 4 (4$ P) - P (4$4) = 4 (4$ P) - 4 2 P
# p (x) dx
3
We know =1
-3
#
3
Thus Ke- a x dx = 1
-3
0
# # Ke
3
or Keax dx + - ax
dx = 1
-3 0
a 6 @- 3 (- a) 6 @0
or K eax 0 + k e- ax 3 = 1
or K +K =1
a a
or K =a
2
Sol. 62 Option (A) is correct.
We have xo (t) + 2x (t) = s (t)
n
Taking Laplace transform both sides
sX (s) - x (0) + 2X (s) = 1
. i
o
or sX (s) + 2X (s) = 1 Since x (0 -) = 0
. c
X (s) = 1
s+2
Now taking inverse Laplace transform we have
i a
d
x (t) = e - 2t u (t)
Option (A) is correct.
o
.n
Sol. 63
Sum of the Eigen values must be equal to the sum of element of principal diagonal
w
of matrix.
6 2
Only matrix = G satisfy this condition.
w
2 6
w
Sol. 64 Option (B) is correct.
We have W = ln z
or
© u + jv = ln (x + jy)
eu + jv = x + jy
or eu e jv = x + jy
eu (cos v + j sin v) = x + jy
Now x = eu cos v and y = eu sin v
Thus x 2 + y 2 = e 2u Equation of circle
Sol. 65 Option (D) is correct.
We have
# z2 +1 4 dz = # 1
(z + 2i) (z - 2i)
dz
z-j = 2 z-j = 2
P (0, 2) lies inside the circle z - j = 2 and P (0, - 2) does not lie.
Thus By cauchy’s integral formula
I = 2pi lim (z - 2i) 1 = # 2pi = p
z " 2i (z + 2i)( z - 2i) 2i + 2i 2
C
Sol. 66 Option (C) is correct.
p
I = #0 sin3 qdq
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3 sin q - sin 3q dq
p
= #0 ` 4 j sin 3q = 3 sin q - 4 sin3 q
= :- 3 cos qD = : ws3q D = 8 3 + 3 B - 8 1 + 1 B = 4
p p
4 0
12 0 4 4 12 12 3
Sol. 67 Option (D) is correct.
Let d " defective and y " supply by Y
y P (y + d)
pa k =
d P (d)
P (y + d) = 0.3 # 0.02 = 0.006
P (d) = 0.6 # 0.1 + 0.3 # 0.02 + 0.1 # 0.03 = 0.015
y
P a k = 0.006 = 0.4
d 0.015
Sol. 68 Option (C) is correct.
4 2
A ==
2 4G
We have
Now 6A - lI @[X] = 0
in
4 - l 2 101 0
= 2 4 - l G=101G = =0 G
.
or
or (101)( 4 - l) + 2 (101) = 0
c o
.
or l =6
Sol. 69 Option (A) is correct.
i a
d
2
d y
We have + k2 y = 0
o
2
dx
n
D2 y + k2 y = 0
.
or
The AE is m2 + k2 = 0
w
The solution of AE is m = ! ik
w
Thus y = A sin kx + B cos kx
w
From x = 0 , y = 0 we get B = 0 and x = a, y = 0 we get
A sin ka = 0
or
© sin ka = 0
k = mpx
a
Thus y = / Am sin ` mpx j
m
a
Sol. 70 Option (A) is correct.
We have f (x) = ex
1 + ex
For x " 3, the value of f (x) monotonically increases.
Sol. 71 Option (B) is correct.
Order is the highest derivative term present in the equation and degree is the
power of highest derivative term.
Order = 2 , degree = 1
Sol. 72 Option (D) is correct.
Probability of coming odd number is 12 and the probability of coming even number
is 12 . Both the events are independent to each other, thus probability of coming
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i n
F (s) = e5 ; 1
s - (a + 2) E
Thus Re (s) > (a + 2)
i a
Sol. 76 Option (C) is correct.
d
Newton - Raphson " Method-Solving nonlinear eq.
o
Runge - kutta Method " Solving ordinary differential eq.
.n
Simpson’s Rule " Numerical Integration
Gauss elimination " Solving linear simultaneous eq.
Sol. 77 Option (C) is correct.
w
w
-4 2
A ==
4 3G
We have
w
Characteristic equation is
or
© 4-l 2
A - lI = 0
=0
4 3-l
or (- 4 - l)(3 - l) - 8 = 0
or - 12 + l + l2 - 8 = 0
or l2 + l - 20 = 0
or l =- 5, 4 Eigen values
Eigen vector for l =- 5
(A - lI) Xi = 0
1 - (- 5) 2 x1 0
= 4 G=
8 - 4 x2 G == G
0
1 2 x1 0
=0 0G=x G = =0 G R2 - 4R1
2
x1 + 2x2 = 0
Let - x1 = 2 & x2 =- 1,
2
X ==
-1G
Thus Eigen vector
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in
Gaussian PDF is
.
1
#
3 - (x - m)2
f (x) = e 2s2 dx for - 3 # x # 3
2p s
o
-3
# f (x) dx
. c
3
and =1
a
-3
i
Substituting m = 0 and s = 2 in above we get
d
1
#
3 - x2
e dx = 18
o
2p 2 - 3
. n
1 2 3e- dx = 1
or #
2p 2 0
x2
8
1
w
#
3 - x2
w
or e 8
dx = 1
2p 0
w
Sol. 80 Option (C) is correct.
From orthogonal matrix
© [AAT ] = I
Since the inverse of I is I , thus
[AAT ] -1 = I-1 = I
*********