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By Abhisam Software: The Practical Guide To Hazardous Area Classification
By Abhisam Software: The Practical Guide To Hazardous Area Classification
By Abhisam Software
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
Copyright Information
© 2009-2010 Abhisam Software. All Rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical or
electronic, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage
and retrieval system, or transmitted by email without permission in writing from
the author and publisher.
Published By
Abhisam Software,
First Edition -2009
Second Edition -2010
www.abhisam.com
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
Disclaimer: Nothing that is stated or construed by reading the contents of this book can be
claimed to be safety advice in the legal sense. You are urged to refer to your own local
regulations, national and international standards for the exact regulations that may apply to
you. This guide book is to make the task of understanding the various codes and standards,
much easier and to give you broad guidelines and a roadmap to help your plant or facility
become a better and safer place. While all attempts have been made to verify the information
provided in this publication, neither the author nor the publisher assumes any responsibility
for errors, omissions, or contrary interpretations of the subject matter herein. The publisher
wants to stress that the information contained herein may be subject to varying international,
federal, state, and/or local laws or regulations. The purchaser or reader of this publication
assumes responsibility for the use of these materials and information. Adherence to all
applicable laws and regulations, including international, federal, state and local governing
professional licensing, business practices, advertising, and all other aspects of doing
business in the EU, US, Canada or any other jurisdiction is the sole responsibility of the
purchaser or reader. Neither the author nor the publisher assume any responsibility or liability
whatsoever on the behalf of the purchaser or reader of these materials. While due care has
been taken to review and verify the accuracy, reliability and correctness of the contents of this
ebook, the publishers are not liable for any direct or indirect or consequential or any other
kind of damage, which may result from using this ebook and the contents therein.
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1 Introduction
Introduction to Hazardous Areas
Why do we classify Hazardous Areas?
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
Myth 3
Myth 4
Sources of release
Relations of Grade with Zones
Ventilation Considerations
Step by step guide to Area Classification
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
Surprised? You should not be really. Grain storage silos, processing plants that
handle large amounts of powders (including flour milling units), coal mining and
handling plants, large oil supertankers, all handle materials, that could possibly
lead to fires and explosions. Other typical examples, include offshore and
onshore oil & gas production platforms, oil refineries, ships carrying chemical
containers, storage terminals at ports, large tank farms, pulp & paper industries,
industrial warehouses, gas based power plants and even gasoline filling stations.
These areas are prone to risk of fires and explosions due to the nature of the
materials handled and hence need a different approach than other “normal”
areas. If proper area classification and safety engineering practices are followed
while working in these areas, we can greatly reduce the risk of fire and explosion
hazards in these places. This “practical” guide book is meant to be used as the
name suggests-to get a working idea of how hazardous area classification works,
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
how you can use it to your advantage, by reducing the costs of compliance-but
without compromising in any way, on the actual safety of your plant.
It is intended for all those people who are involved in working in hazardous areas,
whether as a plant engineer, or instrument technician or a safety supervisor. It
should be noted that this book does not contain complicated math or partial
differential equations (that may induce sleep in the best of practising engineers).
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
Before we jump headlong into area classification, let us understand some basic
concepts first.
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
Basic Concepts
What is a hazard?
A hazard is an inherent attribute or feature of a material, that can cause harm to
equipment, people or the environment. An example of a hazard is a large
quantity of flammable gas stored at a high pressure in a tank. Thus a plant
having a large quantity of a flammable gas stored in a tank, as shown in the
picture below, is an example of a hazard.
Fig 1: A Hazard
What is Risk?
Risk is the measure of the likelihood, that the undesired event or accident will
actually occur. Thus if a plant stores a large quantity of flammable gas as
described above, but has a lot of safety systems in place to ensure that the gas
does not leak, ignite or explode, or cause an accident in other ways, then the
likelihood of an accident happening, is very less, therefore, one can say that the
risk is low. Risk is also dependent on the severity of the consequences. The
severity of the consequence means in simple words “how bad”. For example how
bad will it be if a large storage tank of Acetone, a highly volatile and inflammable
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
liquid explodes? The extent of the damage is what we mean by the words
“severity of the consequence”
In the same way, we manage the risk of handling and storing large amounts of
flammable and explosive materials by area classification, which reduces the
probability of the materials catching fire or exploding.
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
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The Practical Guide to Hazardous Area Classification
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