Second Edition

The Science of Radio

with MATLAB® and
ELECTRONICS WORKBENCH®
Demonstrations

Paul J. Nahin
University of New Hampshire
Durham, New Hampshire

AIP
Springer
 CONTENTS

Acknowledgments xi
What's New in the Second Edition xiii
A Note to Professors xix
Prologue xxxi

Section I Mostly History and a Little Math 1

1 Solution to an Old Problem 3

2 Preradio History of Radio Waves 13
3 Antennas as Launchers and Interceptors of
Electromagnetic Waves 26
4 Early Radio 37
5 Receiving Spark Transmitter Signals 53
6 Mathematics of AM Sidebands 66
7 First Continuous Waves and the Heterodyne Concept 75
8 Birth of Electronics 102

Section II Mostly Math and a Little History 119

9 Fourier Series and Their Physical Meaning 121

V 10 Convergence in Energy of the Fourier Series 136
viii The Science of Radio

11 Radio Spectrum of a Spark-Gap Transmitter 156

12 Fourier's Integral Theorem and the Continuous
Spectrum 168
13 Physical Meaning of the Fourier Transform 179
14 Impulse "Functions" in Time and Frequency 187
15 Convolution Theorems, Frequency Shifts, and
Causal Time Signals 212

Section III Nonlinear Circuits for Multiplication 233

16 Multiplying by Squaring and Filtering 235

17 Squaring and Multiplying with Matched
Nonlinear ities 241
18 Multiplying by "Sampling and Filtering" 244

Section IV Mathematics of "Unmultiplying" 251

19 Synchronous Demodulation and its Problems 253

20 Analytic Signals and Single-Sideband Radio 261
21 Denouement 278
22 Epilogue 294

Technical Appendices 313

Appendix A Complex Exponentials 315

Appendix B What Is (and Is Not) a Linear
Time-Invariant System (Superposition) 328
Appendix C Two-Terminal Components, Kirchhoff's
Circuit Laws, Magnetic Coupling, Complex
Impedances, ac Amplitude and Phase Responses,
Power, Energy, and Initial Conditions 334
Appendix D Thevenin's and Norton's Theorems 368
Appendix E Resonance in Electrical Circuits 377
Appendix F Differential and Operational Amplifiers 390
 Contents IX

Appendix G Reversing the Order of Integration on

Double Integrals, and Differentiating an Integral 406
Appendix H The Fourier Integral Theorem (How
Mathematicians Do It) 429
Appendix I The Hilbert Integral Transform 436
Appendix J Table of Fourier Transform Pairs
and Theorems 450

Last Words 452

Name Index 455
Subject Index 461