26/2/2019 deren - Wiktionary

deren
See also: Deren, dereń and Dereń

Contents
Dutch
Etymology
Pronunciation
Verb
Inflection
Related terms

Galician
Verb
German
Pronunciation
Pronoun
Usage notes
Declension

Middle Dutch
Etymology
Verb
Inflection
Alternative forms
Descendants
Further reading

Dutch

Etymology
From Middle Dutch dēren, from Old Dutch *derien, from Proto-Germanic *darjaną.

Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ˈdeːrə(n)/
Audio 0:00 MENU
Rhymes: ‑eːrən

Verb
deren

1. (transitive) to harm
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Inflection
Inflection of deren (weak) [more ▼]

infinitive deren
past singular deerde
past participle gedeerd

Related terms

ongedeerd

Galician

Verb
deren

1. third-person plural future subjunctive of dar

German

Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ˈdeːʁən/
Audio 0:00 MENU
Rhymes: ‑eːʀən

Pronoun
deren

1. (relative) whose, of which (genitive of die, both inflected forms of der).

2. (demonstrative) her, their, the latter's (genitive of die, both inflected forms of der)

Usage notes
Among unexercised users of formal standard German, one can frequently read or hear dessen when deren would be correct
(or occasionally vice versa), since neither of these forms is used in normal vernacular German.

Consider:

1. Sie haben ihre Freunde und ihren Sohn eingeladen.

They have invited their friends and their son.

and

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1. Sie haben ihre Freunde und deren Sohn eingeladen.

They have invited their friends and their son.

The first sentence relates that the family which invites has a son, thus, they invite friends and that son. In the second
sentence, the family invites their friends and a son of the invited family. Compare this behaviour with Russian свой and
Russian possessive pronouns.

Declension
Relative pronoun:

Declension of der
masculine feminine neuter plural
nominative der die das die
deren derer
genitive dessen dessen
younger also: derer deren
dative dem der dem denen
accusative den die das die

Demonstrative pronoun:

Declension of der
masculine feminine neuter plural
nominative der die das die
deren derer
genitive dessen dessen
younger also: derer deren
dative dem der dem denen
accusative den die das die

Middle Dutch

Etymology
From Old Dutch *derien, from Proto-Germanic *darjaną.

Verb
dēren

1. to harm, to hurt
2. to hurt emotionally
3. to damage

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Inflection
Weak [more ▼]
Infinitive dēren
3rd sg. past —
3rd pl. past —
Past participle —

Alternative forms

dāren

Descendants

Dutch: deren
Limburgish: dere, dieëre

Further reading
“deren (II) (http://gtb.inl.nl/iWDB/search?wdb=VMNW&actie=article&id=ID18913)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands
Woordenboek, 2000
“daren (http://gtb.inl.nl/iWDB/search?wdb=MNW&actie=article&id=06177)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek,
1929
“deren (http://gtb.inl.nl/iWDB/search?wdb=MNW&actie=article&id=06386)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek,
1929

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This page was last edited on 23 November 2018, at 18:00.

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