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수능영어top100 (최종) (2) 정승익
수능영어top100 (최종) (2) 정승익
수능영어 TOP100
수능특강 TOP50
수능완성 TOP50
- 1 -
수능연계지문 TOP100를 잡아라 ( 수능특강50 + 수능완성 50 )
TOP 주제 출처
과학 연구 결과를 공유하기 위한 효과적인 의사소통
TOP1 수특영어 2강 8번 (p.19)
수단의 필요성
개인의 자유 추구와 개인의 자유 제한 사이 균형에 대한
TOP2 수특영어 3강 4번 (p.23)
개인차
TOP3 기술 혁신 시대와 모순되는 도시화 수특영어 4강 5번 (p.30)
TOP4 새로운 것을 훑어보면서 기억을 형성하는 인간 수특영어 6강 5번 (p.40)
지도자의 도덕성에 대한 정보량의 증가에 따른 대중의
TOP5 수특영어 11강 10번 (p.74)
생각 변화
TOP6 체온 유지와 표면적 대 부피의 비율 간의 상관관계 수특영어 12강 4번 (p.79)
TOP7 사회마다 다른 규범의 역할 수특영어 15강 5번 (p.96)
TOP8 정체성을 나타내는 기준 수특영어 16강 1번 (p.100)
TOP9 인공물의 정의 수특영어 20강 3번 (p.129)
TOP10 도덕적 발전 수특영어 20강 4번 (p.129)
TOP11 관광 상품과 서비스에 대한 여행자의 만족도 수특영어 23강 4번 (p.141)
TOP12 시각 예술가의 춤에 대한 두 개의 역설적인 목표 수특영어 24강 2번 (p.144)
TOP13 선택한 직업에 만족하지 못하는 여러 가지 이유 수특영어 25강 1번 (p.148)
TOP14 시간에 따른 어린이 역할극의 특징 변화 수특영어 25강 3번 (p.149)
TOP15 읽기에서의 시각화 수특영어 26강 2번 (p.152)
TOP16 정보량의 증가에 따른 사회적 관계망에 대한 의존도 향상 수특영어 27강 3번 (p.157)
TOP17 양자 간 이익의 일치에 기반을 둔 신뢰 형성 수특영어 Test1 14번 (p.180)
TOP18 원활한 의사소통의 정의에 대한 오해 수특영어 Test1 15번 (p.180)
TOP19 도시 시설에 대한 접근성 수특영어 Test1 21번 (p.183)
TOP20 기존의 지식을 대체하는 새로운 과학적 발견 수특영어 Test2 7번 (p.191)
TOP21 영국에서 라디오가 성장할 수 있었던 배경 수특영어 Test2 21번 (p.199)
TOP22 대중 심리학의 특징 수특영어 Test3 14번 (p.212)
TOP23 감각과 실재 수특영어 Test3 20번 (p.215)
TOP24 유전자의 발현 시기와 유전자의 선택 수특영독 1강 6번 (p.11)
TOP25 사무실에서의 옷 경쟁 수특영독 1강 9번 (p.14)
TOP26 이상적인 번역가의 역할 *간접연계 수특영독 3강 4번 (p.33)
TOP27 창의력은 훈련될 수 있다! 수특영독 3강 5번 (p.34)
TOP28 사안의 도덕적 강도를 결정하는 요인들 수특영독 3강 6번 (p.35)
TOP29 일반화의 특징 수특영독 3강 8번 (p.37)
TOP30 동물의 뇌가 거대하게 진화하지 않은 이유 수특영독 4강 4번 (p.45)
TOP31 핫 핸드에 대한 믿음 수특영독 4강 5번 (p.46)
TOP32 인식의 변화가 가져온 결과 수특영독 4강 9번 (p.50)
TOP33 빈정대는 것에 대한 분석 *직접연계 수특영독 5강 1번 (p.54)
TOP34 이론적 지식보다 앞서는 실질적 지식 수특영독 5강 9번 (p.62)
TOP35 새로운 이야기를 받아들이기를 피하는 이유 *간접연계 수특영독 7강 4번 (p.81)
TOP36 물체를 붙잡는다는 건? *직접연계 수특영독 9강 8번 (p.108)
TOP37 균형 잡힌 상호 이익 수특영독 9강 9번 (p.109)
TOP38 과학과 정치의 공존 수특영독 9강 11번 (p.111)
TOP39 자연에 대한 이해의 시도 수특영독 10강 2번 (p.115)
- 2 -
TOP40 선택의 자유와 책임 수특영독 10강 3번 (p.116)
TOP41 생명체의 핵심으로서의 세포 수특영독 10강 9번 (p.121)
TOP42 언어가 사고에 미치는 영향 수특영독 11강 2번 (p.127)
TOP43 돈에 대한 생각이 사람들의 행동에 미치는 영향 수특영독 12강 10번 (p.146)
TOP44 연구 참여자들의 연구에 대한 인식 차이 수특영독 Test 1 17번 (p.166)
TOP45 문헌 조사의 필요성 수특영독 Test 2 3번 (p.178)
TOP46 분노의 감정을 부인하면 안 되는 이유 *간접연계 수특영독 Test 2 13번 (p.188)
TOP47 수요를 부추기는 공급의 증가 수특영독 Mini Test 2 15번 (p.190)
TOP48 경험을 기반으로 한 이야기 창작 수특영독 Test 3 5번 (p.206)
TOP49 위험에 대한 개인 인식의 결정 요인 수특영독 Test 3 11번 (p.212)
TOP50 저탄수화물 다이어트의 효과 수특영독 Mini Test 3 17번 (p.218)
TOP51 동물과 사람 간의 균형이 유지된 생태관광의 필요성 수완유형 1강 4번 (p.11)
TOP52 의사소통 수단으로서 말이 가진 힘 수완유형 2강 1번 (p.14)
TOP53 관광산업의 환경적 영향에 대한 주민들의 의견 분화 수완유형 2강 4번 (p.15)
자원 부족을 해결하기 위해 또 다른 자원의 한계를
TOP54 수완유형 3강 Check (p.16)
늘이는 방법
TOP55 물리 법칙으로 뇌의 작용 방식을 설명하는 것은 불가능 수완유형 3강 4번 (p.19)
TOP56 과학과 다른 역사의 특징 수완유형 4강 4번 (p.23)
TOP57 온라인 커뮤니티가 가능하게 한 동등한 관계의 특징 수완유형 5강 2번 (p.26)
TOP58 건설적인 비판의 요건 수완유형 6강 Check (p.28)
TOP59 현대 문화와 양립 가능한 선에서 이해되는 예술의 특징 수완유형 11강 (p.51) 4번
TOP60 선택 집단이 클 때와 작을 때의 탓하는 대상의 차이 수완유형 12강 Check (p.52)
흉내 내는 것이 생각하는 것을 포함한다는 것에 대한
TOP61 수완유형 12강 4번 (p.55)
아이들의 이해도
TOP62 통증과 실제 부상의 위치가 다른 이유 수완유형 12강 Check (p.56)
TOP63 문화 간의 의사소통 수완유형 13강 3번 (p.59)
TOP64 개인의 문화 규범으로부터의 일탈 수완유형 15강 3번 (p.67)
TOP65 유럽의 쓰레기 처리 수완유형 16강 2번 (p70)
TOP66 나쁜 버릇에 대한 잘못된 해결책 수완유형 16강 3번 (p.71)
TOP67 상관관계와 인과관계 수완유형 16강 4번 (p.71)
TOP68 호모 사피엔스의 추위를 개척할 수 있었던 방법 수완유형 18강 1번 (p.78)
TOP69 아프리카식 개념으로서의 음악의 특징 수완유형 18강 4번 (p.79)
TOP70 까다로운 사람을 대하는 방법 수완실전 1회 21번(p.95)
TOP71 기초 실험 과학 지원 지속의 필요성 수완실전 1회 28번 (p.98)
TOP72 진화의 결과물로서의 불안 * 간접연계 수완실전 1회 29번 (p.99)
TOP73 환자 후속 조치와 건강, 만족도간의 상관관계 수완실전 1회 33번 (p.101)
TOP74 다른 사람과의 유대의 장으로서의 인터넷 수완실전 1회 34번 (p.101)
TOP75 수학의 누적되는 특징 수완실전 1회 38번 (p.103)
TOP76 타인에게 영향력을 행사하는 데 작용하는 외적 요인 수완실전 2회 28번 (p.115)
TOP77 제품의 서비스화 수완실전 2회 31번 (p.117)
TOP78 마이크로파의 이름으로부터의 공포 수완실전 2회 33번 (p.118)
TOP79 규칙을 준수하지 않는 아이에 대한 어른의 해석 수완실전 2회 36번 (p.119)
TOP80 거짓말을 간파하는 것에 대한 착각 수완실전 3회 21번 (p.129)
TOP81 친밀도에 따른 의견을 나타내지 않으려는 특성 수완실전 3회 22번 (p.129)
TOP82 아름다움을 전할 수 있는 숫자 데이터의 특성 수완실전 3회 29번 (p.133)
TOP83 환경 제재로 인해 전체의 이익이 오를 수 있는 가능성 수완실전 3회 34번 (p.135)
- 3 -
TOP84 아픈 몽구스에 대한 배려 수완실전 3회 36번 (p.136)
TOP85 첫째 아이가 가지게 되는 이중의 이득 수완실전 3회 39번 (p.138)
TOP86 성공의 정의를 스스로 내리는 것의 중요성 수완실전 4회 19번 (p.145)
TOP87 협상에서 전략을 바꾸는 것의 위험성 수완실전 4회 22번 (p.146)
TOP88 핵심종의 중요성 수완실전 4회 28번 (p.149)
TOP89 생물학적으로 무의미한 인종의 개념 수완실전 4회 29번 (p.150)
TOP90 예술 작품 전시가 불편한 것의 타당성 수완실전 4회 31번 (p.151)
부모의 애착과 유대감이 아이의 도덕적 이해와 행동에
TOP91 수완실전 4회 33번 (p.152)
미치는 영향
TOP92 에너지 균형을 강제당하는 현대인들 수완실전 4회 36번 (p.153)
TOP93 매일의 음식 선택의 중요성 수완실전 5회 21번 (p.163)
TOP94 시각을 넓히기 위한 이야기 공유의 중요성 수완실전 5회 28번 (p.166)
TOP95 행복을 예측하는 데에 서투른 인간의 특성 수완실전 5회 32번 (p.168)
TOP96 사회적 동물과 비사회적 동물의 차이점 수완실전 5회 33번 (p.169)
TOP97 외재적 가치를 더 강조하는 사람들의 특징 수완실전 5회 34번 (p.169)
TOP98 역경을 겪는 사람들에게 애완동물이 갖는 의미 수완실전 5회 35번 (p.170)
TOP99 기술 혁신에 따른 사회적 정의와 기회의 평등 문제 수완실전 5회 36번 (p.170)
TOP100 지켜보는 것이 수행에 미치는 영향력 수완실전 5회 40번 (p.172)
“It has been said that something as small as the flutter of a butterfly's wing can
ultimately cause a typhoon halfway around the world.”
- 4 -
TOP1 수능특강 영어 2강 8번 (p.19) 주제 MEMO
Throughout the 20th century, science was seen as the solution to the problems
of land degradation and pollution resulting from agricultural and industrial
activities. As a result, there is now an increasing focus on funding for science
being linked to providing practical solutions to environmental problems. This
creates a dilemma, for while excellent science can be conducted, science alone
will not create widespread change, mainly because the channels to use this
information and create change are poorly developed. In order to create
changes in behavior and beliefs of the general public, broader and more
effective communications of the new scientific insights being gained is required.
Even where the solutions to environmental problems are clear, management,
political and ultimately public support are needed to implement the (usually)
expensive solutions. Therefore, utilizing our current research effectively will
require new tools to facilitate effective communication, not only to scientists,
but also to managers, governments, and ultimately, the general public.
- 5 -
개념 정리
도입
1) 과학이 환경 문제에 대한 해결책으로 여겨졌다.
2) 그래서 과학에 대한 재정 지원이 집중되었다.
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
This creates a dilemma, for while excellent science can be conducted, science alone will not
create widespread change, mainly because the channels to use this information and create
change are poorly developed.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 흐름 무관이 역동적인 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
Throughout the 20th century, science was seen as the solution to the problems of land
degradation and pollution resulting from agricultural and industrial activities. As a result, there
is now an increasing focus on funding for science being linked to providing practical solutions
to environmental problems.
(A) This creates a dilemma, for while excellent science can be conducted, science alone will not
create widespread change, mainly because the channels to use this information and create change
are poorly developed.
(B) In order to create changes in behavior and beliefs of the general public, broader and more
effective communications of the new scientific insights being gained is required. Even where the
solutions to environmental problems are clear, management, political and ultimately public support
are needed to implement the (usually) expensive solutions.
(C) Therefore, utilizing our current research effectively will require new tools to facilitate effective
communication, not only to scientists, but also to managers, governments, and ultimately, the
general public.
- 6 -
TOP2 수능특강 영어 3강 4번 (p.23) 요지 MEMO
Although the case for freedom is strong, this goal cannot be pursued without
limit. Almost everyone admits that some restrictions are necessary when the
exercise of individual freedom endangers others or imposes large external
costs. A more subtle but more pervasive limit to freedom arises when it
conflicts with the individual’s desire for security. In the face of the
complexities and uncertainties of modern life, many people willingly vote for
programs that restrict freedom ─ their own and that of others ─ in exchange
for the promise of greater security. For instance, numerous laws deny
consumers the freedom to buy products that have been judged to be
dangerous. But not everyone makes the same evaluation of the tradeoff.
Rational individuals will seek a perfect balance between freedom and security,
but this balance varies among individuals, depending upon their ability to
benefit from freedom and to bear the cost of insecurity. This variation is the
major reason why it is so difficult to reach agreement on this issue.
- 7 -
개념 정리
<But 앞부분>
tradeoff: A와 B 중 어느 것이 더 가치 있는가?
= balance: A와 B 중 어느 것을 더 중요시할 것인가?
머리에 팍팍! 결정적 문장 This variation is the major reason why it is so difficult to reach
agreement on this issue.
연계 최종분석
- 8 -
TOP3 수능특강 영어 4강 5번 (p.30) 제목 MEMO
There’s a greater than 50 percent chance that when you look through your
window, what you see is a landscape of concrete, asphalt, and cars. More than
half the world’s population lives in cities, and the proportion is increasing. As
we move further into the twenty-first century, urbanization will gradually draw
to a close after two centuries that transformed the human population from an
agricultural society scattered over the surface of the earth to the highly
compressed life of the city. The growth of urban living is one of the greatest
contradictions of our age. New technologies offer companies and individuals an
unheard-of degree of locational freedom and mobility. We are increasingly able
to see, hear, and sense one another, even when we are thousands of
kilometers apart. More than ever people choose to live in close quarters with
each other, as if there were no other possibility to communicate.
- 9 -
개념 정리
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
urbanization, contradictions
The growth of urban living is one of the greatest contradictions of our age.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 도시화가 모순인 이유를 제대로 이해해야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
There’s a greater than 50 percent chance that when you look through your window, what you
see is a landscape of concrete, asphalt, and cars. More than half the world’s population lives in
cities, and the proportion is increasing. As we move further into the twenty-first century,
urbanization will gradually draw to a close after two centuries that transformed the human
population from an agricultural society scattered over the surface of the earth to the highly
compressed life of the city. The growth of urban living is one of the greatest contradictions of
our age. New technologies offer companies and individuals an unheard-of degree of locational
freedom and mobility. We are increasingly able to see, hear, and sense one another, even when
we are thousands of kilometers apart. More than ever people choose to live in close quarters
with each other, as if there were no other possibility to communicate.
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
-L6 The growth of urban living is one of the greatest contradictions of our age.
- 10 -
TOP4 수능특강 영어 6강 5번 (p.40) 어휘 MEMO
- 11 -
개념 정리
도입 기억이 순서대로 나타나는 것은 아니다.
왜냐하면 우리가 체계적인 방식으로 우리의 경험에 주의를 기울이지 않기 때문이다.
뇌는 새로운 것을 훑어보면서
이를 위험 또는 기회로 받아들이면서 기억한다.
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
This is how we survived throughout evolution, and it makes a satisfying explanation for why we
are so attracted to novel events or objects.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 인간은 탐색하여 새로운 것을 발견하고 기억을 형성한다는 내용을 기억해야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
The memories we need to solve a problem do not necessarily appear in a particular sequence.
One reason for this is that we do not attend to our experiences in an organized way. The brain
evolved to scan the world, not to attend to just one aspect of it. Each new scan may gather cues
for memories. This is how we survived throughout evolution, and it makes a satisfying
explanation for why we are so attracted to novel events or objects. Anything that is not part of
our former experience can be a danger or an opportunity. It is important to constantly examine
the world for the new. In fact, we look forward to these interruptions and discoveries, so we
scan and remember. If what we see is not in our memory ─ if it is novel ─ it gains special
significance. We identify the new by discovering that we don’t remember it!
*cue 신호
- 12 -
TOP5 수능특강 영어 11강 10번 (p.74) 빈칸 MEMO
- 13 -
개념 정리
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
The more defects our leaders have, the more we long for ethical leaders. We have demystified
our leaders and we’re not sure we like it.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 정보가 많아질수록 대중은 지도자의 도덕성을 갈망한다는 소재를 이해해야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘추론
Today we often find ourselves disappointed by the moral character of leaders. As humans,
leaders are (A) subject to the same flaws and weaknesses as everyone else. Yet we want our
leaders to transcend them and live up to higher moral standards. Some people turn longingly to
the past and wonder where all the leaders and heroes have gone. But when you think about it,
ordinary people did not know as much about the personal behavior of their leaders in the past
as we do today. It is (B) difficult to have heroes in the information age where every aspect, good
or bad, of a leader’s life can be, and often is, made public. Ironically, the increase in information
that we have about leaders has also increased our concern about their ethics. The more defects
our leaders have, the (C) more we long for ethical leaders. We have demystified our leaders and
we’re not sure we like it.
- 14 -
TOP6 수능특강 영어 12강 4번 (p.79) 연결사 MEMO
- 15 -
개념 정리
<기본 공식>
표면적
-------
부피 비율이 높으면 체열 손실▲
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
surface-to-volume ratio
Since animals lose body heat through surfaces, a higher surface-to-volume ratio would result in
greater loss of body heat.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘추론
Since animals lose body heat through surfaces, a higher surface-to-volume ratio would result in
greater loss of body heat. This is why smaller animals lose ①more body heat. As a result, a
mouse or a hummingbird must burn a lot of calories to maintain a constant body temperature.
This is the main reason that, among warm-blooded animals, metabolic rate declines with
②increasing body size. Small mammals have evolved to produce relatively more body heat. Their
faster metabolic rate means that they do not live as long. Small animals tend to have ③shorter
lives than large animals, and warm-blooded animals shorter lives than coldblooded animals.
Conversely, large animals can have ④warm bodies just because they are large. Large dinosaurs,
for example, were probably warm-blooded simply because of their ⑤high surface-to-volume ratio.
정답: ⑤
high (O) → low (X)
- 16 -
TOP7 수능특강 영어 15강 5번 (p.96) 문장삽입 MEMO
- 17 -
개념 정리
주제 규범은 다른 사람과의 상호작용을 잘 예측하도록 해 준다.
ex1) 미국인은 잠깐 동안 악수
ex2) 강한 스킨십을 하는 사회
ex3) 태국의 인사법
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
Norms like these make it easier to “live with others” in a relatively harmonious way.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
Norms make our interactions with others reasonably predictable. Americans expect that when
they extend a hand to another person, that person will grasp it and a brief handshake will follow.
They would be shocked if they held out their hand and the other person grabbed it and spit on
it or wouldn’t let go. In contrast, people in some societies commonly embrace or kiss each
other’s cheek as a form of greeting, even when involved in a formal business relationship. A
hearty handshake in those societies may be interpreted as an insult. In Thailand, people greet
each other by placing the palms of their hands together in front of their bodies and slightly
bowing their heads. This greeting is governed by strict norms. Slight differences in the placement
of one’s hands reflect the social position of the other person - the higher the hands, the higher
the position of the person being greeted. Norms like these make it easier to “live with others” in
a relatively harmonious way.
- 18 -
TOP8 수능특강 영어 16강 1번 (p.100) 요약 MEMO
Most often, you will find or meet people who introduce themselves in terms of
their work or by what they spend time on. These people introduce themselves
as a salesman or an executive. There is nothing criminal in doing this, but
psychologically, we become what we believe. People who follow this practice
tend to lose their individuality and begin to live with the notion that they are
recognized by the job they do. However, jobs may not be permanent, and you
may lose your job for a countless number of reasons, some of which you may
not even be responsible for. In such cases, these people suffer from an
inevitable social and mental trauma, leading to emotional stress and a feeling
that all of a sudden they have been disassociated from what once was their
identity.
- 19 -
개념 정리
자신이 하는 일로 자기소개를 하는 사람들 → 자신의 직업 = 자신의 정체성
직업을 잃을 수 있다.
직업과 정체성을 동일시하는 이들은 실직 시 정신적 외상, 감정적 스트레스, 단절을 겪는다.
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
In such cases, these people suffer from an inevitable social and mental trauma, leading to
emotional stress and a feeling that all of a sudden they have been disassociated from what once
was their identity.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 소재는 쉽지만, 어법과 순서에 주목해야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 어법
Most often, you will find or meet people who introduce themselves in terms of their work or by
what they spend time on. These people introduce themselves as a salesman or an executive.
There is nothing criminal in doing this, but psychologically, we become what we believe. People
who follow this practice tend to lose their individuality and begin to live with the notion that they
are recognized by the job they do. However, jobs may not be permanent, and you may lose your
job for a countless number of reasons, some of what you may not even be responsible for. In
such cases, these people suffer from an inevitable social and mental trauma, leading to emotional
stress and a feeling that all of a sudden they have been disassociated from what once was their
identity.
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L4 (A) There is nothing criminal...
L6 (B) However, jobs may not be permanent...
L4 (C) In such cases,...
- 20 -
TOP9 수능특강 영어 20강 3번 (p.129) 연결사 MEMO
The most succinct definition of ‘artefact’ which one can give is to say that an
artefact is the material representation of human intentionality. In other words,
not all expressions of human intentionality necessarily involve the production
of artefacts. For instance, while numbers and the rules of adding and
subtracting are deliberately drawn up by humans for the purpose of calculation
and computation, they are themselves not artefacts, although they may lead to
the production of artefacts such as the abacus or the electronic calculator. A
good many intentionally executed activities like singing and dancing involve no
artefacts. In other words, techniques themselves are to be distinguished from
the things which materially represent them; some, though not all, techniques
lead to artefacts. Singing requires only the techniques of using voice, lungs
and control of other related parts of the body; a recorded performance of a
song, on the other hand, as a vinyl record, a tape or a CD, is an artefact
whose production in turn involves further artefacts like microphones and other
machines.
- 21 -
개념 정리
도입 인공물의 정의 – 인간의 의도가 담긴 ‘물질적’ 표현
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
The most succinct definition of ‘artefact’ which one can give is to say that an artefact is the
material representation of human intentionality.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
In other words, techniques themselves are to be distinguished from the things which
materially represent them; some, though not all, techniques lead to artefacts.
The most succinct definition of ‘artefact’ which one can give is to say that an artefact is the
material representation of human intentionality. (①) In other words, not all expressions of human
intentionality necessarily involve the production of artefacts. (②) For instance, while numbers and
the rules of adding and subtracting are deliberately drawn up by humans for the purpose of
calculation and computation, they are themselves not artefacts, although they may lead to the
production of artefacts such as the abacus or the electronic calculator. (③) A good many
intentionally executed activities like singing and dancing involve no artefacts. (④) Singing requires
only the techniques of using voice, lungs and control of other related parts of the body; a
recorded performance of a song, on the other hand, as a vinyl record, a tape or a CD, is an
artefact whose production in turn involves further artefacts like microphones and other
machines. (⑤)
정답: ④
- 22 -
TOP10 수능특강 영어 20강 4번 (p.129) 빈칸 MEMO
아래의 유추는 우리로 하여금 도덕적 발전이 가능하다는 것을 깨닫게 한다. 현미경의 발
명 이전에 사람들은 미세한 생명체를 보기 위한 도구가 없었고 결과적으로 질병의 원인에
관해 정확한 판단을 했다. 그러나 현미경의 발명으로 과학자들은 이전에는 인지하지 못했
던 독립체를 인지할 수 있었고 결과적으로 개선된 판단을 할 수 있었는데, 그중에 많은
것들을 오늘날에도 우리는 여전히 인정한다. 마찬가지로 도덕의 영역에서도 사람들이 어
떤 것의 옳고 그름을 인지하는 데 필요한 도구가 없을 때는 그러한 도구가 있다면 정확할
것보다 덜 정확한 판단을 한다. 그래서 우리는, 예를 들자면, 어떻게 19세기 미국의 몇몇
사람들의 제한된 시각이 그들로 하여금 인종차별이 용인될 수 있다는 결론에 이르게 했는
지 그리고 어떻게 오늘날 우리의 좀 더 넓어진 시각이 우리로 하여금 그 이전의 판단이
얼마나 지독히 잘못된 것이었는지를 깨달을 수 있게 하는지 알 수 있다.
- 23 -
개념 정리
주제 도덕적 발전이 가능하다.
설명: 1) 과학의 영역
현미경의 발명 이전: 미세한 생명체를 보기 위한 도구의 부재 → 질병의 원인에 대한 부정확한 판단
현미경의 발명 이후: 이전에 인지하지 못했던 생명체를 인지할 수 있게 됨 → 개선된 판단
2) 도덕의 영역
어떤 것의 옳고 그름을 인지하는 데 필요한 도구 X → 덜 정확한 판단
어떤 것의 옳고 그름을 인지하는 데 필요한 도구 O → 더 정확한 판단
예: 19세기 미국의 제한된 시각 → 인종차별 용납
오늘날 미국인들의 넓어진 시각 → 인종차별 금지
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
Similarly, in the moral sphere, when people don’t have the tools needed for perceiving the
rightness or wrongness of something, they make judgments that are less accurate than they
would be if they had such tools.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 현미경과 도덕성 판단 도구의 유추를 정확하게 이해해야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
The analogy below allows us to recognize that moral progress is possible. Before the invention
of the microscope, people had no tools for seeing microscopic creatures and, consequently, made
①inaccurate judgments regarding the causes of disease. With the invention of the microscope,
however, scientists were able to perceive entities they’d previously been ②unable to and, as a
result, were able to make improved judgments — many of which we still accept today. Similarly,
in the moral sphere, when people don’t have the tools needed for perceiving the rightness or
wrongness of something, they make judgments that are ③more accurate than they would be if
they had such tools. We can see then, for instance, how the ④limited perspective of some people
in 19th-century America led them to conclude that racism was ⑤acceptable and how our wider
perspective these days enables us to recognize how terribly mistaken that earlier judgment was.
정답: ③
more (X) → less (O)
[ 연계 예상 ] 연결어
L4 however
L7 Similarly
- 24 -
TOP11 수능특강 영어 23강 4번 (p.141) 어휘 MEMO
- 25 -
개념 정리
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
It is likely that a significant amount of ego or self-esteem protection is operating with customers
not wanting to admit that in the free-choice tourism situation they have selected badly.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
There is, however, an explanation for this kind of result.
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
관광객들은 자신의 경험에 대해서 (A) positive 하게 평가하는 경향이 있는데,
그 이유는 그들의 선택이 (B) wrong 했음을 인정하고 싶지 않기 때문이다.
- 26 -
TOP12 수능특강 영어 24강 2번 (p.144) 빈칸 MEMO
Why have visual artists looked so often and so insistently at dance? In its
largest sense, dance has interested visual artists as part of the moving surface
of the world, and it is clear that the dancer’s will to move has been, in many
cases, no less urgent than the visual artist’s will to record that movement. The
visual artist has often been faced with the paradox of trying to fix―to make
permanent―an image of the dance, while at the same time sustaining the
fiction of motion. All of this resonates across American culture to find a
literary echo in William Faulkner’s famous assertion that “the aim of every
artist is to arrest motion, which is life, by artificial means and hold it fixed so
that a hundred years later, when a stranger looks at it, it moves again since it
is life.” Thus, in their paintings, sculptures, prints, and photographs, American
artists have struggled with the essence of movement, asking probing visual
questions about how dance movements differ from other forms of movement.
- 27 -
개념 정리
도입 시각 예술가의 춤에 대한 흥미
주제 시각 예술가의 춤에 대한 두 개의 역설적인 목표
춤의 움직임을 고정시키기 vs. 춤의 움직임을 살아있게 하기
- 이것이 미국 문화 전반에 반향을 일으킴
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
visual artists, trying to fix vs. sustaining the fiction of the motion
The visual artist has often been faced with the paradox of trying to fix―to make permanent―an
image of the dance, while at the same time sustaining the fiction of motion.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 시각 예술가의 2가지 상반된 목표를 기억해야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸, 문단 요약
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L5 The visual artist has often been faced with the paradox of trying to fix―to make permanent―
an image of the dance, while at the same time sustaining the fiction of motion.
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
시각 예술가들은 춤의 움직임을 (A)fix 하면서도 그것의 움직임이 꾸며내는 것을 (B) sustain 하려고 노력했
다.
- 28 -
TOP13 수능특강 영어 25강 1번 (p.148) 흐름 무관 MEMO
- 29 -
개념 정리
도입
뛰어난 능력을 보였던 과목을 전공 → 마음에 드는 직업을 얻을 것으로 기대
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
The majority, however, feel dissatisfied with their jobs or prove unsuccessful in their job hunt.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어법
L1 ①that as soon as we finish our education
L2 ②for which we have shown an expectable level of ability
L3 ③what they want to be when they grow up
L4 ④unsuccessful in their job hunt.
L5 ⑤mismatched with the working environment
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L2 (A) It is an unsurprising assumption...
L6 (B) The majority, however, feel dissatisfied with...
-L3 (C) Even when people have planned...
- 30 -
TOP14 수능특강 영어 25강 3번 (p.149) 주제 MEMO
What type of play is the most appealing to preschoolers, those ranging from
three to six years of age? Role-playing games in which the child acts out a
situation or imitates a person. According to psychologist Daniil Elkonin, in this
type of game, the major influence is the realm of human activity, especially
work and relationships among people. Therefore, the child is precisely trying to
reconstruct these aspects of reality. This reality that surrounds the child may
be divided into two spheres: that of objects and that of human activity. At the
beginning of their lives, children concentrate their activities on objects and on
the actions that adults carry out with these objects. However, as the
role-playing game begins to evolve, the focus is shifted to the relationships
that adults establish among themselves. Children then use the actions
performed with objects as guidelines. In other words, children become more
interested in the relationships that exist among human beings and begin to
reproduce them when they play.
- 31 -
개념 정리
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
However, as the role-playing game begins to evolve, the focus is shifted to the relationships that
adults establish among themselves.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 다양한 연계 문제가 나올 수 있는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L6 (A) This reality that surrounds...
L9 (B) However, as the role-playing game begins to evolve,
-L3 (C) In other words, children become...
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L9 (B) However, as the role-playing game begins to evolve,
- 32 -
TOP15 수능특강 영어 26강 2번 (p.152) 문장삽입 MEMO
Most often, readers create mental images by retrieving pictures that are
already stored in their memory. In other words, they make a connection with
something they have seen or know about and that is what helps them to create
the image. It is more challenging to visualize things we have not personally
experienced. This all happens in an instant, but if we were to slow it down, we
might see it as similar to searching through archives of photo files to find a
specific photo. Our brains search through our files until we find an image we
can use to support the text we are reading. When a reader has no specific
experience or memory from which to draw, imagination can often support
visualizing. Readers who were first introduced to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft
and Wizardry, for example, had never personally experienced it; however, J.K.
Rowling’s rich descriptions helped us all to “see” it with our imaginations.
- 33 -
개념 정리
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
When a reader has no specific experience or memory from which to draw, imagination can often
support visualizing.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
사람들은 (A) image를 만들어서 글을 이해하는데, 경험하거나 기억하지 못한 내용을 이해할 때는 (B)
imagination의 도움을 받는다.
- 34 -
TOP16 수능특강 영어 27강 3번 (p.157) 어휘 MEMO
- 35 -
개념 정리
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
Yet it turns out that the increasing amount of information pouring into people’s lives leads them
to turn to their social networks to make sense of it.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 글의 흐름이 역동적인 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L6 (A) The explosion of information...
L8 (B) Yet it turns out that...
L10 (C) The result is that...
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L8 Yet it turns out that the increasing amount of information pouring into people’s lives leads
them to turn to their social networks to make sense of it.
- 36 -
TOP17 수능특강 영어 Test 1 14번 (p.180) 빈칸 MEMO
When we expect others to act in our interests, we do not expect them to act
against their own interests. As political scientist Russell Hardin proposes in his
account of trust, we must believe that their interests incorporate ours. When a
parent sends a child on an errand to buy a loaf of bread, the coincidence of
interest is all but total. Both are concerned before all else with the safety of
the child; both want to obtain the loaf, which they will both consume. The
potential conflicts of interest are marginal and matters of interpretation: the
child might prefer not to bother, or might prefer the tastier white bread over
the healthier brown, but his mother will readily make the case for why doing
as she asks is good for his health and character. Negotiations such as these
will help to embed her preferences within his.
- 37 -
개념 정리
타인이 우리의 이익에 부합하게 행동할 때
→ 그들의 이익에 반하게 행동하지 않는다.
아이의 이익
어머니의 이익
아이의 안전
빵 한 덩이
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
As political scientist Russell Hardin proposes in his account of trust, we must believe that their
interests incorporate ours.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
타인이 우리의 이익에 부합하여 행동할 때, 그들의 이익은 우리의 이익을 (A)include한다,
왜냐하면 그들은 그들의 (B)interest 에 반대로 행동하지 않을 것이기 때문이다.
- 38 -
TOP18 수능특강 영어 Test 1 15번 (p.180) 빈칸 MEMO
- 39 -
개념 정리
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
But a person can understand very clearly what you mean and not agree with what you say.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 주제
Misunderstandings about the meaning of good communication
- 40 -
TOP19 수능특강 영어 Test 1 21번 (p.183) 문장삽입 MEMO
- 41 -
개념 정리
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
A fundamental principle, then, of sound urban and transportation planning is the delivery of
effective ‘access for all’ without discrimination as to income, physical ability, housing location,
mode of travel or any other factor.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 글의 흐름을 잡아야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L2 (A) A fundamental principle...
L5 (B) Effective and fair access means...
-L4(C) Access, in other words, profoundly affects...
- 42 -
TOP20 수능특강 영어 Test 2 7번 (p.191) 어휘 MEMO
You might think that new scientific discoveries, building upon previous
knowledge, simply add to our knowledge. Often, however, new scientific results
don’t just add to what we know, but fundamentally change what we know (or
what we thought we knew). What we used to believe true becomes false, and
new knowledge takes its place. Science often advances by replacing past
knowledge with new knowledge, not simply by adding to existing knowledge.
The reason that old knowledge is replaced has to do with the fact that nature
follows logical rules. The logic of nature has to be consistent and ‘hang
together’. A single new scientific fact can show that the entire existing logical
structure is incorrect. To create the correct new understanding, the old
structure has to be dismantled and a new one created in its place. One cannot
simply add to the existing knowledge if the new knowledge logically contradicts
what had been known before.
- 43 -
개념 정리
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
Science often advances by replacing past knowledge with new knowledge, not simply by adding to
existing knowledge.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L5 new knowledge takes its place...
-L1 logically contradicts...
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L7 The reason that old knowledge is replaced has to do with the fact that nature follows logical
rules.
- 44 -
TOP21 수능특강 영어 Test 2 21번 (p.199) 문장삽입 MEMO
The growth of radio in the UK can be traced to the 1990 Broadcasting Act,
which allowed commercial radio to target a specific audience for the first time.
Prior to this, commercial radio stations were bound to provide programming
for everyone in their transmission area. This made radio stations less
attractive to advertisers, who wanted to target specific audiences. Following the
1990 Act, radio stations began to tailor their output to attract specific
audiences that could be delivered to advertisers. The most attractive audience
for advertisers was the 24-35year-old woman, as they were regarded as having
the largest disposable income and tended to be responsible for the purchase of
fast-moving consumer goods. Unsurprisingly, this was the audience that most
commercial stations targeted, tailoring their programmes, including the news,
to this sector. As more radio stations came on air, they began to target
different audiences in order to attract a wider range of advertisers.
- 45 -
개념 정리
주제 1990년 방송 법령 → 영국에서 라디오가 성장
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
The growth of radio in the UK, the 1990 Broadcasting Act, target specific audiences
Following the 1990 Act, radio stations began to tailor their output to attract specific audiences
that could be delivered to advertisers.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L3 (A) Prior to this,
L5 (B) Following the 1990 Act,
-L4 (C) Unsurprisingly, this was the audience...
- 46 -
TOP22 수능특강 영어 Test 3 14번 (p.212) 빈칸 MEMO
The underlying force behind popular psychology is the need for constant
change. By teaching us to structure our experience exclusively in terms of
problems (or ‘challenges’) and solutions, the self-help industry keeps us on a
never-ending treadmill. There is no sense that you can relax, that things might
actually be good enough as they are, or that even if they aren’t so great right
now, this might be something to be tolerated and endured rather than fixed.
Although I suspect he was referring to the problems of the Middle East, the
Israeli politician Shimon Peres once said something profoundly true: ‘If a
problem has no solution, it may not be a problem, but a fact ― not to be
solved, but to be coped with over time.’ However, popular psychology is having
none of that. Instead it feeds off our dissatisfaction with ourselves and our lot.
It tells us not only that things can be improved but also that it is our
responsibility to improve them.
- 47 -
개념 정리
주제 대중 심리학의 특징
- 끊임없는 변화의 필요성에 근원을 둠
- 우리의 경험을 문제와 해결책이라는 관점에서 구조화함
- 나쁜 상황은 참고 견디는 것이 아니라 고쳐야 함
- 자신과 운명에 대한 우리의 불만에서 동력을 얻음
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
The underlying force behind popular psychology is the need for constant change.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
-L4 However, popular psychology is having none of that.
-L3 Instead it feeds off our dissatisfaction with ourselves and our lot.
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
대중심리학은 우리의 (A)dissatisfaction을 동력으로 삼아서 우리에게 끊임없이 (B) change 할 것을 요구한다.
- 48 -
TOP23 수능특강 영어 Test 3 20번 (p.215) 글의 순서 MEMO
Regardless of what Plato might have thought, there is no way that our minds
have direct access to “eternal truths.” Our senses, especially vision, hearing,
and touch, are our only gates to reality. Essential as they are, however, our
senses can also mislead us. Vision provides some good examples. “Seeing is
believing,” but what we see doesn’t always produce a reliable belief. Errors can
arise because what we think we see is influenced by what we already believe.
We often “see” what we expect to see, and don’t see what we don’t anticipate.
In a famous 1949 experiment, the psychologists Jerome Bruner and Leo
Postman presented quick glimpses of pictures of trick playing cards to a group
of subjects. Quite often the subjects said that a black three of hearts, for
example, was either a normal three of spades (misperceiving the heart for a
spade) or a normal three of hearts (misperceiving the black color for red).
Expectations about the playing cards interfered with accurate perception.
- 49 -
개념 정리
도입
1) 정신은 진리(=실재)에 닿을 수 없다.
2) 감각만이 진리(=실재)에 닿을 수 있는 유일한 방법이다.
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
Essential as they are, however, our senses can also mislead us.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L3 Essential as they are, however, our senses can also mislead us.
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
L3 mislead
L5 reliable
L6 arise
-L1 interfere with
- 50 -
TOP24 수특 영어독해연습 1강 6번 (p.11) 연결사 MEMO
- 51 -
개념 정리
주제 유전자가 자연선택설을 피할 수 있는 이유
ex1) 유전자가 발현되기 전에 생물체가 죽음 → 유전 형질이 발현될 기회가 없음
- 나무가 번식하기 전에 죽는다면 열매를 만드는 유전자는 발현될 기회가 없음
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
Therefore, such genes are less likely to be selected against than are those that express
themselves early in life.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
-L2 are less likely to
- 52 -
TOP25 수특 영어독해연습 1강 9번 (p.14) 빈칸 MEMO
At the office, it is important not only to look good and to fit in; it’s also
usual for men and women to try to outdress their coworkers. Thus, there is
the woman who somehow manages to wear a new outfit to the office just about
every week. Similarly, there is the man who seems to have an endless number
of different new suits. If nothing else, employees must at least make an effort
to keep up with office norms and office trendsetters. Conforming to office
dress codes is an expensive proposition, and as trends and fashions change,
many employees are hard-pressed to keep up with the times. Nevertheless,
there is a definite air of competition and there always seem to be some
employees who are more determined than others to keep up with fashion
trends. There are personal bragging rights to be had by being a trendsetter
and these can be achieved through appropriate dress.
- 53 -
개념 정리
주제 사무실에서의 옷 경쟁이 존재
- 매주 새로운 옷을 입으려는 여성 + 수많은 새로운 정장을 입으려는 남성
- 직원들은 사무실 유행의 선도자와 보조를 맞추려고 노력
- 사무실 유행의 선도자가 되면 으쓱함을 느낌
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
it’s also usual for men and women to try to outdress their coworkers.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 연결사만 주목하면 되는 쉬운 지문
[ 연계 예상 ] 연결사
L4 Similarly
-L5 Nevertheless
- 54 -
TOP26 수특 영어독해연습 3강 4번 (p.33) 빈칸 MEMO
There are many creative domains that require individuals to insert as little of
themselves as possible into the work. In translating a novel or poem into a
different language, the translator is unavoidably creative; this is reflected by
the fact that the translator receives attribution, and his or her name is
published in the work next to that of the original author. But the ideal
translator is one who most faithfully retains the creative spirit of the original,
thereby keeping his or her own contribution to the translation as minimal as
possible. Dubbing a foreign movie into one’s own language requires that the
translator develop a version of the original line that can most easily be spoken
in the time that the foreign actor’s mouth is moving, and it also requires the
voice-over actors to match their delivery to the moving image. Although these
are unquestionably creative activities, they’re activities in which individual
inspiration and originality would be detrimental to the work.
- 55 -
개념 정리
But the ideal translator is one who most faithfully retains the creative spirit of the original,
thereby keeping his or her own contribution to the translation as m as possible.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 개인의 투입을 최소화해야 한다는 요지를 기억해야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
L1 little
L3 creative
L7 minimal
-L1 detrimental
But the ideal translator is one who most faithfully retains the creative spirit of the original,
thereby keeping his or her own contribution to the translation as minimal as possible.
- 56 -
TOP27 수특 영어독해연습 3강 5번 (p.34) 빈칸 MEMO
There was an important shift taking place in the history of creativity. It was
the emergence of a new movement which viewed creativity as a ‘technique’
that could be learned, just like you could learn to touch-type or ride a horse.
It was a potentially liberating and democratizing idea implying that each of us
has a creative potential waiting to be realized, and that originality and
invention are not primarily innate gifts from God, or the result of a favorable
genetic inheritance. Rather, creativity stems from a grounding of appropriate
technique and hard work, a view supported by recent research showing that 80
percent of creativity is acquired through education or training. This has been
reinforced by studies suggesting that to become an expert, whether a creative
one like a concert violinist or novelist, or in an area such as sport, you need
to put in around 10,000 hours of practice ― the equivalent of three hours a
day, every day, for ten years.
- 57 -
개념 정리
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 주제
학습될 수 있는 기술로서의 창의력
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L4 (A) It was a potentially liberating...
L7 (B) Rather, creativity stems from...
-L5 (C) This has been...
creativity, technique
Rather, creativity stems from a grounding of appropriate technique and hard work,
- 58 -
TOP28 수특 영어독해연습 3강 6번 (p.35) 연결사 MEMO
Thomas Jones proposed that individuals are more likely to recognize the
ethical nature of issues that are morally intense. The moral intensity of an
issue is higher when the consequences for others are potentially large, these
consequences are relatively immediate and likely to occur, and the potential
victims are psychologically or physically close to the decision-maker. For
example, a decision to allow toxic chemicals to leak into the local water supply
is very likely to harm many people in one’s own community. Such a decision
is “morally intense,” and therefore the decision-maker is more likely to see it
as an ethical issue. In contrast, a decision that might require laying off a few
individuals in a foreign subsidiary would be less likely to trigger ethical
awareness. Only a few people will be affected, the consequences will occur in
the future, and these individuals are both psychologically and physically distant
from the decision-maker.
토마스 존스는 개인들이 ‘도덕적으로 강렬한’ 사안의 윤리적 성격을 인식할 가능성이 더
크다는 생각을 내놓았다. 어떤 사안의 도덕적 강도는 타인에게 미치는 결과가 잠재적으로
크고 이 결과가 비교적 즉각적이며 발생할 가능성이 있고 잠재적 피해자가 의사 결정자와
심리적으로나 물리적으로 가까울 때 더 크다. 예를 들어, 유독한 화학 물질이 지역의 상수
도에 스며들게 하는 결정은 자기 사화의 많은 사람들에게 해를 입힐 가능성이 아주 크다.
그런 결정은 ‘도덕적으로 강렬하고’ 그래서 의사 결정자는 그것을 윤리적 문제로 여길 가
능성이 크다. 이와 대조적으로, 외국 자회사에서 몇 명의 개인을 해고할 것을 필요로 할지
도 모르는 결정은 윤리적 인식을 촉발할 가능성이 더 적을 것이다. 고작 소수만이 영향을
받을 것이고 결과가 미래에 일어날 것이며 이 개인들은 의사 결정자로부터 심리적으로 그
리고 물리적으로 멀리 떨어져 있다.
- 59 -
개념 정리
개인들이 도덕적으로 강렬한 사안 → 윤리적 성격을 인식할 가능성↑
주제 도덕적 강도↑
- 타인에게 미치는 결과가 잠재적으로 큼
- 이 결과가 비교적 즉각적이며 발생할 가능성이 있음
- 잠재적 피해자가 의사 결정자와 심리적, 물리적으로 가까울 때
The moral intensity of an issue is h when the consequences for others are potentially
large, these consequences are relatively immediate and likely to occur, and the potential victims
are psychologically or physically close to the decision-maker.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
L3 higher
L3 large
-L6 likely
-L4 less
-L2 distant
The moral intensity of an issue is higher when the consequences for others are potentially large,
these consequences are relatively immediate and likely to occur, and the potential victims are
psychologically or physically close to the decision-maker.
- 60 -
TOP29 수특 영어독해연습 3강 8번 (p.37) 빈칸 MEMO
- 61 -
개념 정리
도입 일반화와 고정관념은 비슷
고정관념 → 작은 진실 하나에 의존하는 것은 전체 이야기를 왜곡
글쓰기에서 일반화에 의지하는 것 → 신뢰성에 손상
요지 일반화는 사고의 처음 근거이지만 보충 증거가 필요
<일반화> 사업이 나아지고 있다.
→ 구체적인 보충 증거가 필요
So although generalizations can serve as initial foundations of thought, they can never serve as
c ones as well without hard, supporting evidence.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
L1 exists
L3 distorts
L4 undermine
L5 necessary
-L3 initial
-L2 conclusive
generalizations, evidence
So although generalizations can serve as initial foundations of thought, they can never serve as
conclusive ones as well without hard, supporting evidence.
- 62 -
TOP30 수특 영어독해연습 4강 4번 (p.45) 빈칸 MEMO
- 63 -
개념 정리
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
L1 large
L5 larger
L7 more, better
L10 rare
L11 easy
L12 harder
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
-L5 The fact is that a jumbo brain is a jumbo drain on the body.
- 64 -
TOP31 수특 영어독해연습 4강 5번 (p.46) 빈칸 MEMO
The hot hand belief is that if a player is in a hot streak, the chance that that
player will continue to score is higher than his or her personal average; and
that this is true even if the game is purely random. It says that the mere fact
of success in the past alters the probability of success in the future. There’s a
very strong belief in this phenomenon ― even to the extent that it influences
play. In basketball, teammates will often pass the ball to players believed to be
in a hot hand streak, believing that their sequence of successful shots makes
them more likely to score next time. It means that the belief in the hot hand
phenomenon changes how the players are behaving, and that very change
might alter the chance of scoring. It will certainly give the player who receives
the ball more opportunity to score, even if it doesn’t alter the chance of
scoring at each attempt. And if those increased opportunities to score translate
into more points, it could well reinforce the impression of a hot hand streak.
- 65 -
개념 정리
주제 핫 핸드 : 과거의 성공이 미래의 성공 확률을 높인다는 믿음
ex) 농구 경기
핫 핸드에 대한 믿음 때문에 팀 동료들이 연속적인 호조를 보이는 선수에게 공을 패스함
→ 득점 기회가 많아서 득점 → 핫 핸드에 대한 믿음 강화
It says that the mere fact of success in the past alters the probability of s in the
future.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
핫 핸드에 대한 믿음은 사건이 (A) random하게 발생하는 상황에서도 성공 확률이 계속해서 (B) high 할 것
이라고 생각한다.
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
It means that the belief in the hot hand phenomenon changes how the players are behaving, and
that very change might alter the chance of scoring.
It says that the mere fact of success in the past alters the probability of success in the future.
- 66 -
TOP32 수특 영어독해연습 4강 9번 (p.50) 빈칸 MEMO
Alia Crum designed a poster that described how hotel housekeeping qualified
as exercise. Lifting mattresses to make beds, picking towels off the floor, and
pushing heavily loaded carts ― these all require strength and stamina. The
poster even included the calories burned while the housekeepers were doing
each activity. At four of the seven hotels, Crum communicated this information
to the housekeepers. She also hung copies of the poster on the bulletin boards
in the housekeepers’ lounges. Crum told them that they were clearly meeting
or exceeding the surgeon general’s recommendations for physical exercise and
should expect to see the health benefits of being active. The housekeepers at
the other three hotels were a control group. Four weeks later, Crum checked
in with the housekeepers. Those who had been informed that their work was
exercise had lost weight and body fat. Their blood pressure was lower. They
even liked their jobs more. They had not made any changes in their behavior
outside work. The only thing that had changed was their perception of
themselves as exercisers. In contrast, housekeepers in the control group
showed none of these improvements.
Alia Crum은 호텔의 객실 정리가 어떻게 운동으로서 자격이 있는지를 묘사하는 포스터
를 도안했다. 침대 정돈을 위해 매트리스를 드는 것, 바닥에서 수건을 집어 올리는 것, 그
리고 무거운 짐을 잔뜩 실은 카트를 미는 것, 이 모든 것은 힘과 체력을 요구한다. 그 포
스터는 심지어 객실 청소 담당자가 각 활동을 하는 도중에 소모하는 열량도 포함했다. 7
개의 호텔 중 네 군데에서, Crum은 객실 청소 담당자에게 이 정보를 전달했다. 그녀는
또한 객실 청소 담당자의 휴게실 게시판에 포스터의 사본을 걸어두었다. Crum은 그들이
공중 보건국장의 신체 활동 권고를 확실히 충족하거나 능가하고 있으며 활동적으로 지내
는 것의 건강상 이점을 보게 될 거라고 그들에게 말했다. 나머지 3개의 호텔에서 일하는
객실 청소 담당자는 통제 집단이었다. 4주 후, Crum은 객실 청소 담당자들에게 연락해보
았다. 자기 일이 운동이라고 들었던 사람들은 체중과 체지방이 줄어있었다. 그들의 혈압은
더 낮았다. 그들은 심지어 자기 일을 더 좋아했다. 직장 밖에서 그들의 행동에는 어떠한
변화도 없었다. 유일하게 바뀐 것은 자신을 운동하는 사람으로 여긴 그들의 인식이었다.
이와 대조적으로 통제 집단의 객실 청소 담당자들에게는 이러한 개선점이 전혀 나타나지
않았다.
- 67 -
개념 정리
실험 과정
[통제 집단] → 아무런 조치를 취하지 않음
[대조 집단] → 호텔 청소 담당자들에게 객실 청소는 운동이라는 인식을 심어 줌
실험 결과
객실 청소를 운동이라고 인식한 결과
→ 건강 증진 + 직업에 대한 만족도 향상
The only thing that had changed was their perception of themselves as e .
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
-L6 Those who had been informed that their work was exercise had lost weight and body fat.
housekeeping, exercise
The only thing that had changed was their perception of themselves as exercisers.
- 68 -
TOP33 수특 영어독해연습 5강 1번 (p.54) 어법 MEMO
- 69 -
개념 정리
도입 빈정거림의 다양한 비언어적 특성
비언어적 신호의 신뢰도>언어적 신호의 신뢰도
주제 빈정거림의 특성
- 의도와 메시지 사이의 모순
- 화자의 빈정거리는 의도를 알아차리기를 바람
- 언어적 메시지와 비언어적 메시지가 반대일 경우 화자가 빈정대는 것
if the two are in opposition, communicators may conclude that the speaker is being s .
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 빈정거림의 특징을 정확하게 이해해야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L3 (A) Even so, ...
L6 (B) As the nature of sarcasm...
-L4 (C) Thus, when communicators...
if the two are in opposition, communicators may conclude that the speaker is being sarcastic.
- 70 -
TOP34 수특 영어독해연습 5강 9번 (p.62) 어법 MEMO
- 71 -
개념 정리
도입 실질적 지식을 간과
- 이론적 지식이 실질적 지식보다 우월하다는 편견이 존재(동물과의 구별)
BUT 사물조작능력, 마주볼 수 있는 엄지손가락도 인간의 상징
There is a sense in which know-how is prior to, and more f than, know-that.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 머리의 지식보다 손의 지식이 중요하다는 글의 흐름을 기억해야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 연결사
L3 For example
L6 However
-L3 After all
There is a sense in which know-how is prior to, and more fundamental than, know-that.
- 72 -
TOP35 수특 영어독해연습 7강 4번 (p.81) 어법 MEMO
Understanding, for a listener, means mapping the speaker’s stories onto the
listener’s stories. One of the most interesting aspects of the way stories are
used in memory is the varied effect they have on understanding. Different
people understand the same story differently precisely because the stories they
already know are different. When they hear new stories, understanders attempt
to construe these stories as old stories they have heard before. They do this
because it is actually quite difficult to absorb new information. New ideas
ramify through our memories, causing us to revise beliefs, make new
generalizations, and perform other effortful cognitive operations. We prefer to
avoid all this work. One way to do this is to simply assume that what we are
seeing or hearing is just the same old stuff. The real problem in
understanding, then, is identifying which of all the stories you already know is
the one being told to you yet again.
- 73 -
개념 정리
요지1 듣는 이에게 이해 → 말하는 이의 이야기를 듣는 이의 이야기에 연결
- 각각의 사람들이 같은 이야기를 다르게 이해
The real problem in understanding, then, is i which of all the stories you already
know is the one being told to you yet again.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 낯선 소재의 글을 꼼꼼하게 이해해야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
L4 differently
L5 different
L6 old
L7 difficult
-L4 avoid
-L2 identifying
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L6 They do this because it is actually quite difficult to absorb new information.
The real problem in understanding, then, is identifying which of all the stories you already know
is the one being told to you yet again.
- 74 -
TOP36 수특 영어독해연습 9강 8번 (p.108) 어휘 MEMO
- 75 -
개념 정리
요지 안전하게 꽉 잡는 것 → 외부에 힘에 의해 옮겨질 때 물체가 미끄러지거나 움직이지 않는 것
ex) 외부의 힘으로 망치를 떨어뜨리는 예
안전하게 잡는 것의 조건
- 손가락에 의해 가해진 힘이 서로 균형
- 붙잡고 지지하는 힘이 전반적인 물체 질량과 연약함에 따라 다름
A secure grip is one in which the object won’t slip or move, especially when displaced
by an e f .
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 연계 가능성이 높지는 않은 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 어법
L2 securely
L3 in which
L3 displaced
L5 to drop
L6 balance
a secure grip
A secure grip is one in which the object won’t slip or move, especially when displaced by an
external force.
- 76 -
TOP37 수특 영어독해연습 9강 9번 (p.109) 문장삽입 MEMO
- 77 -
개념 정리
요지 균형 잡힌 상호 이익의 주요 경제적 동기
= 잉여 재화와 용역 ↔ 공급이 부족한 재화와 용역
ex) 멕시코 인디언들의 품앗이
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
L1 exchange
L5 maximize
-L4 beyond
-L2 surpluses
-L2 equivalent
A major economic motivation of balanced reciprocity is to exchange surplus goods and services
for those that are in short supply.
- 78 -
TOP38 수특 영어독해연습 9강 11번 (p.111) 어휘 MEMO
Pretending that politics and science do not coexist is foolish, and cleanly
separating science from politics is probably neither feasible nor recommended.
Indeed, most scientists and politicians would advocate that science should be
relevant to policy. What one needs to guard against, however, is science and
public health policy being dictated by ideology. Policy makers should strive for
an honest interpretation of scientific findings, which then would derive the
formulation of policy making. Independent and critical thinking contributes to
the dynamic dialogue; muzzling those whose views are at odds with the
majority party or distorting evidence to fit one’s point of view is not only bad
science, but also bad politics. Policy, it should be said, is also compromised
when it is solely determined by science at the exclusion of social, cultural, and
ethical considerations.
- 79 -
개념 정리
요지 과학과 정치는 연결
- 과학, 정책이 이념에 좌우되면 안 됨
- 정책 입안자는 → 과학의 연구 결과 정직하게 해석해야 함
- 소수의 의견 무시, 증거 왜곡 → 나쁜 과학, 나쁜 정치
- 정책이 과학에 의해서만 결정되면 위험
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L1 politics and science do not coexist
Pretending that politics and science do not coexist is foolish, and cleanly separating science from
politics is probably neither feasible nor recommended.
- 80 -
TOP39 수특 영어독해연습 10강 2번 (p.115) 문장삽입 MEMO
Early humans wondered at what they saw when viewing the heavens and
nature around them. Their observations of both the space and the time in
which they lived were limited geographically and intellectually. But they did
observe that there were patterns and sequences for certain events, such as
night and day, floods and drought, earthquakes and volcanoes, and so forth.
Regardless of their fears or wishes, these events occurred with regularity for
no apparent reason, so it was quite reasonable to believe that some unknown
superpower, god, or spirit was responsible for these natural phenomena. It is
also only natural to try to invent explanations for unexplained or
non-understandable events. The Greeks, Romans, and people from other earlier
civilizations believed in a great many gods, all of whom exerted or controlled
the power of the good or bad events that occurred in their lives. Many of
these ancient myths were incorporated into modern religions and have become
part of written and observed doctrines.
- 81 -
개념 정리
요지 자연에 대한 이해의 시도
it was quite r to believe that some unknown superpower, god, or spirit was responsible
for these natural phenomena.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어법
L1 what
L2 in which
L4 that
-L4 all of whom
-L2 were incorporated into
it was quite reasonable to believe that some unknown superpower, god, or spirit was responsible for
these natural phenomena.
- 82 -
TOP40 수특 영어독해연습 10강 3번 (p.116) 요약문 MEMO
- 83 -
개념 정리
도입 실존주의에서 가장 두드러지는 주제 → 선택과 우리가 한 선택의 결과에 대한 책임
실존주의자들의 생각
- 인간과 다른 동물을 구별하는 것은 선택의 자유와 능력
- 인간은 자신의 본성을 만드는 선택을 함
- 선택이 인간의 존재에 있어 가장 중요
- 선택의 결과에 대한 책임을 져야함
Existentialists have argued that because individuals are free to choose their own path, they must
accept the risk and r of following their commitment wherever it leads.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 글의 흐름을 잘 따라가야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
-L5 That freedom to choose must also be accompanied by commitment to taking the
responsibility to live with the consequences of those choices.
Existentialists have argued that because individuals are free to choose their own path, they must
accept the risk and responsibility of following their commitment wherever it leads.
- 84 -
TOP41 수특 영어독해연습 10강 9번 (p.121) 문장삽입 MEMO
- 85 -
개념 정리
도입 생물의 놀라운 능력
생물 → 생명이 없는 화학물질들로 구성
→ 법칙에는 생물의 거처인 우주를 예상하게 할 아무것도 존재하지 않음
요지 이 불가사의의 핵심 → 생물의 기본 단위인 세포!
At the heart of the mystery lurk c , the elementary units of life and the smallest entities
that display all its characteristics.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어법
L1 that
L2 sharply
L3 reproduce
L6 is
L7 that
L8 lurk
L9 display
-L1 highly, structured
At the heart of the mystery lurk cells, the elementary units of life and the smallest entities that
display all its characteristics.
- 86 -
TOP42 수특 영어독해연습 11강 2번 (p.127) 문장삽입 MEMO
Language affects how people think and what they pay attention to. Language
allows us to perceive certain aspects of the world by naming them and allows
us to ignore other parts of the world by not naming them. For instance, if you
work in a job such as fashion or interior design that deals with many different
words for color distinctions, you will be able to perceive finer differences in
color. Knowing various words for shades of white, such as ecru, eggshell,
cream, ivory, pearl, bone china white, and antique white, actually helps you
see differences in shades of white. Similarly, there are concepts that people do
not fully perceive until a word is coined to describe them. Think of words
added to American English vocabulary in the last few years such as google,
texting, couch potato, or mouse potato. The behaviors to which those words
refer certainly existed before the terms were coined. But as a society, we did
not collectively perceive these behaviors until language allowed us to name
them.
언어는 사람들이 생각하는 방식과 주의를 기울이는 대상에 영향을 미친다. 언어는 세상
의 어떤 측면들에 이름을 붙임으로써 우리가 그것을 인식하게 하고 세상의 다른 부분에
이름을 붙이지 않음으로써 그것을 무시하게 한다. 예를 들어, 색깔 구별을 위한 서로 다른
많은 단어들을 다루는 패션이나 인테리어 디자인과 같은 직종에서 일한다면, 색깔에서의
더 미세한 차이를 인식할 수 있을 것이다. ecru, eggshell, cream, ivory, pearl, bone
china white, and antique white와 같은 흰색의 색조들을 나타내는 다양한 단어를 아는
것은 흰색의 색조에 있는 차이를 보는데 사실 도움이 된다. 마찬가지로, 개념을 묘사하는
단어가 만들어지고 나서야 비로소 사람들이 온전히 인식하게 되는 개념도 있다. google,
texting, couch potato, or mouse potato처럼 지난 몇 년간 미국 영어 어휘에 추가된
단어들을 생각해봐라. 그 단어가 나타내는 행동은 그 용어들이 만들어지기 전에 분명이
존재했다. 그러나 하나의 사회로서 우리는 언어를 통해 우리가 이 행동들에 이름을 붙이
게 된 후에야 비로소 그것들을 총체적으로 이해하게 되었다.
- 87 -
개념 정리
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L3 For instance,
L8 Similarly,
-L4 The behaviors to which...
Language allows us to perceive certain aspects of the world by naming them and allows us to
ignore other parts of the world by not naming them.
- 88 -
TOP43 수특 영어독해연습 12강 10번 (p.146) 요약문 MEMO
Although money can provide all kinds of wonderful things, from tastier food
to safer neighborhoods, wealth comes at a cost. Just thinking about it can
push us away from the kinds of behaviors that promote happiness - such as
playing nicely with others. In one study, students received a big stack of
Monopoly money and spent several minutes imagining a wealthy future. Other
students were left with no Monopoly money and spent time thinking about their
plans for the next day. Suddenly a research assistant stumbled in front of
them, spilling pencils everywhere. Students with the stack of cash picked up
fewer pencils. In another study, individuals who merely saw a photograph of
money preferred solitary activities, choosing personal cooking classes over a
catered dinner with friends. This research helps to explain why our would-be
lottery winners sought isolation.
- 89 -
개념 정리
Just thinking about it can push us away from the kinds of behaviors that promote h .
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 글의 구조상 전형적인 빈칸 문제 가능
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
-L1 sought isolation
money, isolation
Just thinking about it can push us away from the kinds of behaviors that promote happiness
- 90 -
TOP44 수특 영어독해연습 Mini Test 1 17번 (p.166) 연결사 MEMO
- 91 -
개념 정리
요지 연구 목적, 위험과 이익에 대한 분류, 과학에 대한 태도, 연구 후원자의 후원 동기에 대한
연구 참여자들이 생각이 다양하다.
ex) 다양한 생각의 예들
어떤 연구든 일차적인 목표는 연구자의 경력을 향상하는 것이라는 생각
정부 관리가 해로운 정부 정책을 시행하는 데 연구를 이용할 수 있다고 걱정
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L3 Individuals, however,...
L6 For example,...
-L5 In addition,...
individuals, differ
Individuals, however, may differ with respect to their understanding of the purpose of research
procedures, their classification of risks and benefits, their attitudes toward science, and motives
of the sponsors of the research (e.g., government).
- 92 -
TOP45 수특 영어독해연습 Mini Test 2 3번 (p.178) 요지 MEMO
There are some very successful scientists who claim that they make no
attempt, before starting a problem, to find out what has previously been done.
They argue that too great a familiarity with the methods used by others
destroys their freshness of approach. There is, indeed, something to be said
for this argument. However, usually those who put it forward are better
acquainted with their subjects than they admit. Furthermore, the risk of
making ridiculous mistakes, already described by others, is so great that few
are willing to take this course. Consequently, it is almost always necessary to
undertake some sort of study of the literature of a subject before entering the
planning stage. It should not be carried too far, or it will go on forever and
serve as a complete bar to action, but it should be adequate.
- 93 -
개념 정리
도입 선행 연구를 알아보지 않는 성공한 과학자들
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 연결어
L5 However
L8 Consequently
Consequently, it is almost always necessary to undertake some sort of study of the literature of a
subject before entering the planning stage.
- 94 -
TOP46 수특 영어독해연습 Mini Test 2 13번 (p.188) 어휘 MEMO
Some people believe that a problem arises if a person becomes angry. This
idea is not true. To pass judgment on anger and condemn those who admit to
becoming angry is the equivalent of robbing people of their humanness.
Disallowing oneself from any part of the human experience weakens the
experience in its totality. Sadness gives a reference point that makes happiness
more appreciated. Tension can be better understood when compared with
relaxation. It is about time we stopped making value judgments about anger.
No one has ever gotten in trouble for becoming angry. You could be furious
right now, but no one would know it unless you demonstrated some behavior
associated with the anger. The belief that anger is bad is so strongly ingrained
that people will sometimes deny its existence even when it is spilling out all
over the place.
- 95 -
개념 정리
도입 화를 내면 문제가 된다고 믿음
- 분노에 대해 판단을 내리고 이를 인정하는 사람을 비난하는 것 = 사람됨을 빼앗는 것
- 인간의 경험 중 어떤 부분을 인정하지 않는 것 → 전체적으로 경험하는 것을 약화
ex) 슬픔과 행복, 긴장과 긴장 완화
요지 분노에 대한 가치 판단을 멈추어야 한다. (=분노를 받아들여라)
- 도처에서 분노가 넘칠 때조차 사람들은 분노의 존재를 부인
연계 최종분석
anger, judgement
- 96 -
TOP47 수특 영어독해연습 Mini Test 2 15번 (p.190) 빈칸 MEMO
Doubling the efficiency of food production per hectare over the last 50 years
by a dramatic increase in “efficiency” in producing food (the Green Revolution)
did not solve the problem of hunger ─ it actually made it worse, since it
increased the number of people requiring food. In the same way, doubling the
area of roads did not solve the problem of traffic ─ it made it worse, since it
encouraged the use of personal vehicles. As more energy-efficient automobiles
were developed as a consequence of rising oil prices, American car owners
increased their leisure driving. Not only did the number of miles increase, but
also the expected performance of cars grew; United States residents are
increasingly driving minivans, pick-up trucks, and four-wheel-drive vehicles.
More efficient refrigerators have become bigger. In economic terms one can
describe these processes as increases in supply boosting the demand
- 97 -
개념 정리
In economic terms one can describe these processes as increases in supply boosting the d .
연계 최종분석
In economic terms one can describe these processes as increases in supply boosting the demand
- 98 -
TOP48 수특 영어독해연습 Mini Test 3 5번 (p.206) 어휘 MEMO
- 99 -
개념 정리
Every story we tell has to have its basis in something that we have already e .
연계 최종분석
Every story we tell has to have its basis in something that we have already experienced.
- 100 -
TOP49 수특 영어독해연습 Mini Test 3 11번 (p.121) 어법 MEMO
- 101 -
개념 정리
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
An individual’s perception of risk is culturally determined.
- 102 -
TOP50 수특 영어독해연습 Mini Test 3 17번 (p.218) 연결사 MEMO
- 103 -
개념 정리
When people cut back on carbohydrates (or processed foods or whatever), they usually end up
c f calories ─ even when they’re not trying to restrict their calorie intake.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 글의 흐름을 유의해서 봐야 하는 글!
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L6 There are a couple of things going on here.
low-carb diet
- 104 -
TOP51 수능완성 1강 4번 (p.11) 주장 MEMO
Very often it appears that ecotourism is just about wildlife. Tourists appear
generally to be more interested in watching animals than they are in meeting
and seeking to understand people of different cultures. Seeing an elephant or
lion in Africa is seen as more important than meeting Maasai tribespeople.
Observing the whales which live below the sea off Iceland and Norway is more
interesting than finding out about the fishermen who work above the waves.
Yet, ecotourism should be about ecosystems and ecosystems are about both
wildlife and people. Indeed people are simply another form of animal life. In
many ecotourism destinations the landscape and the wildlife are a direct result
of the interaction between humans and the rest of the wildlife. To ecotourists,
therefore, both people and wildlife should be of equal importance.
- 105 -
개념 정리
도입
- 생태관광이 단순히 야생 동물에만 국한
- 관광객들도 사람보다 동물을 보는 것에 더 관심
ex) 아프리카, 아이슬란드와 노르웨이 연안
Yet, ecotourism should be about ecosystems and ecosystems are about both w and p .
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L6 Yet, ecotourism should be about ecosystems and ecosystems are about both wildlife and
people.
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
-L1 To ecotourists, therefore, both people and wildlife should be of equal importance.
Yet, ecotourism should be about ecosystems and ecosystems are about both wildlife and people.
- 106 -
TOP52 수능완성 2강 1번 (p.14) 주제 MEMO
인쇄술 발명 이전에, 인간은 생각과 정보를 전달하는 별도의 수단을 갖고 있었다. 그것은
말이라고 불렸다. 그것은 수백만 년에 걸쳐 서서히 발전했고 단순히 단어들이 뇌에서 뇌
로 전달되는 것보다 훨씬 더 많은 일들이 일어난다. 억양, 어조, 강조, 열정이 존재한다.
또한 청자는 단순히 듣고 있는 것만이 아니다. 청자는 바라보고 있다. 잠재의식적으로 청
자는 화자의 눈이 커지는 것, 손동작, 몸의 흔들림, 다른 청자들의 반응에 주목한다. 그
모든 것은 인식되고 그것들을 받아들이는 뇌가 들어오는 정보를 분류하고 우선순위를 정
하는 방식에 차이를 만들어 낸다. 이해하려는 동기를 증가시킴으로써, 청자의 지적 세계에
미치는 화자의 지속적인 영향은 인쇄물 상의 같은 단어들보다 훨씬 더 클지도 모른다.
- 107 -
개념 정리
요지 말의 힘
- 수백만년 동안 진화
- 억양, 어조, 강조, 열정이 존재
- 청자는 화자의 단순히 듣는 것 외에 다양한 것들에 주목
- 청자가 주목한 것들은 인식 → 정보의 우선순위를 정하는 방식에 차이
- 말은 청자의 이해하려는 동기를 증가시켜 청자의 지적 세계에 지속적인 영향
By increasing the motivation to understand, the speaker’s lasting effect on the intellectual world
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L2 (A) It evolved over millions of years,...
L5 (B) She is watching.
-L5 (C) It all registers and makes....
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L5 She is watching.
By increasing the motivation to understand, the speaker’s lasting effect on the intellectual world
of the listener may be far greater than the same words in print.
- 108 -
TOP53 수능완성 2강 4번 (p.15) 주제 MEMO
The impacts of tourism on the environment are evident to scientists, but not
all residents attribute environmental damage to tourism. Residents commonly
have positive views on the economic and some sociocultural influences of
tourism on quality of life, but their reactions to environmental impacts are
mixed. Some residents feel tourism provides more parks and recreation areas,
improves the quality of the roads and public facilities, and does not contribute
to ecological decline. Many do not blame tourism for traffic problems,
overcrowded outdoor recreation, or the disturbance of peace and tranquility of
parks. Alternatively, some residents express concern that tourists overcrowd
the local fishing, hunting, and other recreation areas or may cause traffic and
pedestrian congestion. Some studies suggest that variations in residents’
feelings about tourism’s relationship to environmental damage are related to
the type of tourism, the extent to which residents feel the natural environment
needs to be protected, and the distance residents live from the tourist
attractions.
- 109 -
개념 정리
Residents commonly have positive views on the economic and some sociocultural influences of
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 글의 요지를 파악하면 되는 글!
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L5 but their reactions to environmental impacts are mixed
Residents commonly have positive views on the economic and some sociocultural influences of
tourism on quality of life, but their reactions to environmental impacts are mixed.
- 110 -
TOP54 수능완성 3강 Let’s Check It Out (p.16) 제목 MEMO
- 111 -
개념 정리
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 글의 요지를 기억하고, 흐름에서 중요한 어휘를 잡아야 하는 글!
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
-L4 puts more tension on remaining resources.
-L1 further expansion will fail
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
L2 likened
L4 limited
L5 abundant, additional
L6 increasing
L7 longer
L8 tension
-L2 enormous
-L1 fail
- 112 -
TOP55 수능완성 3강 4번 (p.19) 제목 MEMO
- 113 -
개념 정리
The “laws of thought” depend not only upon the p of those brain cells but also on
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 올해 가장 어려운 글 중의 하나! 정확한 내용 이해가 최우선 과제!
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L8 but also on how they are connected.
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L3 To be sure, “general” laws apply to everything.
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L2 (A) After all,...
L5 (B) The answer is no,...
-L5 (C) And these connections are established...
The “laws of thought” depend not only upon the properties of those brain cells but also on how
- 114 -
TOP56 수능완성 4강 4번 (p.23) 요지 MEMO
- 115 -
개념 정리
But in the actual historical situation there are so many complex and variable factors, so much of
the unpredictable human element, that it is impossible to use the ordinary s notion of
“l .”
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
-L5 use the ordinary scientific notion of “law.”
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L3 (A) History would indeed be easy...
L7 (B) But in the actual historical situation,...
-L5 (C) There are no identical situations,...
But in the actual historical situation there are so many complex and variable factors, so much of
the unpredictable human element, that it is impossible to use the ordinary scientific notion of
“law.”
- 116 -
TOP57 수능완성 5강 2번 (p.26) 어법 MEMO
Online communities provide social and political outlets that were not possible
before the invention of the Internet. They also allow for new forms of political
and social engagement that are not subject to control by gatekeepers who
exercise power in a vertical, top-down fashion. The interests of the user
determine who users interact with. But the very power of peer-to-peer
relationships should give pause to those engaged in them, as sometimes this
engagement comes at great expense to personal privacy. This is not to say
that an individual should avoid participating in social networking activities, only
that the individual should consciously choose what personal information to
reveal to the world. Though individuals might not realize it, through the
release of this information the individual is creating a digital identity that once
formed can be difficult to change.
- 117 -
개념 정리
Though individuals might not realize it, through the release of this information the individual is
creating a d i that once formed can be difficult to change.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 중간을 기준으로 글의 흐름에 주목해야 하는 문제!
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L5 But the very power of...
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L5 (A) But the very power of...
-L6 (B) This is not to say...
-L3 (C) Though individuals might not...
Though individuals might not realize it, through the release of this information the individual is
creating a digital identity that once formed can be difficult to change.
- 118 -
TOP58 수능완성 6강 Let’s Check It Out (p.28) 어휘 MEMO
We often forget that the main purpose of criticizing is not to be negative but
to be constructive: to fix something. But general criticism is destructive. It
doesn’t lead anyone to know how to fix things; it just makes people feel bad.
We all have different verbal and visual styles and conceive different ways to
say the same thing. But, unless you can explain specifically, you haven’t
started fixing anything. To help the criticized person know how to fix what you
object to, define exactly what went wrong and why it is unsatisfactory. Most
people are so sensitive to criticism that they’ll say, “Yes, I understand,” when
they actually don’t, just to get the criticism to end. Specific examples for
improvement as well as specific descriptions of exactly what you mean are a
must.
- 119 -
개념 정리
Specific e for improvement as well as specific d of exactly what you mean are a
must.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 요지가 명확한 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L5 But, unless you can explain specifically,
Specific examples for improvement as well as specific descriptions of exactly what you mean are
a must.
- 120 -
TOP59 수능완성 11강 4번 (p.51) 빈칸 MEMO
예술에 대한 반응은 수많은 객관적, 주관적인 요인들에 근거한다. 이것들은 성별, 교육,
감정, 그 외의 더 많은 것들뿐만 아니라 지식, 취향, 가치, 전통도 포함한다. 오늘날 세상
에 존재하는 대부분의 예술은 현대의 관객과는 본질적으로 달랐던 관객들을 위해 지난 수
세기 동안에 만들어졌다. 그렇지만 과거의 예술 작품은 계속해서 현대의 관객들을 놀라게
하고 관심을 끌고 매료시킨다. 그러나 원래의 관객들과 똑같은 방식으로 예술에 반응하는
것은 불가능하다. 이것이 이전 세기의 예술이 완전히 이해되거나 평가받을 수 없다는 것
을 암시하지는 않을 것이다. 오히려 그것은 예술이 현대 문화와 양립 가능한 조건에서 이
해된다는 것을 강조한다. 오늘날의 관객들은 르네상스 시대의 관객뿐만 아니라 20세기 초
의 관객들과도 매우 다르게 생각하고, 말하며, 행동한다. 그들은 자기 자신과 세상에 대해
훨씬 더 많이 알고 있다. 21세기에 사는 어느 누구도 1500년대나 심지어 1950년대의 사
람과 똑같은 방식으로 예술에 반응하고, 예술을 경험하고 바라보는 것은 불가능할 것이다.
- 121 -
개념 정리
도입
- 대부분의 예술은 수세기 전 관객들을 위해 만들어짐
- 과거의 예술 작품은 계속해서 현대의 관객들을 놀라게 하고 매료시킴
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 글의 흐름에 주목해야 하는 글!
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L8 Rather, it underlines that...
Rather, it underlines that art is appreciated on terms compatible with contemporary culture.
- 122 -
TOP60 수능완성 12강 Let’s Check It Out! (p.52) 빈칸 MEMO
Suppose one devotes a great deal of time and energy to making a decision,
and then, because of some combination of regret, missed opportunities, and
high expectations, one ends up disappointed with the results. The questions
this person might ask are, “Why?” or “What went wrong?” or “Whose fault is
it?” And what is the likely answer to these questions? When the choice set is
small, it seems natural and straightforward to blame the world for
disappointing results. “They only had three styles of jeans. What could I do? I
did the best I could.” However, when the choice set is large, blaming the world
is a much less plausible option. “With so many options available, success was
out there to be had. I have only myself to blame for a disappointing result.” In
other words, self-blame for disappointing results becomes more likely as the
choice set grows larger.
- 123 -
개념 정리
요지
(선택 집단이 작을 때) 실망스러운 결과에 대해서 세상을 탓하는 것이 자연스러움
(선택 집단이 클 때) 실망스러운 결과에 대한 자기비난이 더 그럴듯해짐
When the choice set is small, it seems natural and straightforward to blame the w for
disappointing results.
In other words, s -blame for disappointing results becomes more likely as the choice set
grows larger.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 선택 집단의 크기에 따른 비난의 주체를 이해해야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
선택 집단이 작을 때는 (A) 세상을 탓하는 것이 자연스럽지만, 선택 집단이 클 때는 (B) 자기 자신을 비난하는
것이 더 그럴 듯하다.
When the choice set is small, it seems natural and straightforward to blame the world for
disappointing results.
In other words, self-blame for disappointing results becomes more likely as the choice set grows
larger.
- 124 -
TOP61 수능완성 12강 4번 (p.55) 빈칸 MEMO
In one study, psychologists Davis, Woolley, and Bruell presented children with
a sequence of pictures illustrating a story about a girl, a bird, and a butterfly.
The final picture depicted the girl with the bird nearby. The girl was waving
her arms as if to fly, and a “thought bubble” above the girl’s head indicated
that she was thinking about the butterfly. Children were asked which of the
two animals the girl was pretending to be. The girl’s flying actions were
consistent with both the bird and the butterfly, so if the children did not
understand that pretending involves thinking about something, they should
have chosen randomly between the two animals. However, even 3-year-olds
were quite successful at this task, and 4- and 5-year-olds performed perfectly.
This study suggest that by age 3, children have begun to understand that the
act of pretending involves mental representation. This understanding improves
with age, and seems to be relatively well established by about age 5.
- 125 -
개념 정리
실험절차
한 소녀와 새의 그림 + 소녀는 날아가는 흉내 + 생각 풍선은 나비
어린이들은 새, 나비 중에 어떤 것을 소녀가 흉내 내고 있는지를 묻는 질문을 받음
실험결과
3, 4세 아이들은 비교적 성공적으로 정답
5세는 완벽하게 정답
This study suggest that by age 3, children have begun to understand that the act of p
involves mental r .
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
아이들은 3살 무렵 흉내 내는 행위는 심적 표상과 (A) 연결이 되어 있다는 것을 이해하며, 이 능력은 나이가
들면서 (B) 향상되는 경향이 있다.
This study suggest that by age 3, children have begun to understand that the act of pretending
- 126 -
TOP62 수능완성 13강 Let’s Check It Out! (p.56) 연결사 MEMO
Pain is not always helpful in letting you know the location of the problem.
Sometimes pain is felt in one part of the body, but it is actually caused by an
injury or illness in another part of the body. This is referred pain. For
example, the pain associated with a heart attack may be felt in the left arm,
even though the heart is in the chest. An ulcer or other irritation of the
stomach may be perceived as pain in the shoulder. This is because during
fetal development the nerves that attach to different organs come out of the
spinal cord at levels close to where those organs are located in the fetus.
However, when the organs migrate to new positions as the fetus grows, the
attachments that lead from the spinal cord stay in the same place. As a result,
we feel pain as if the affected organs are still located where they were at early
stages of embryonic development.
- 127 -
개념 정리
원인
태아 때 장기에 연결된 신경의 위치는 유지
장기의 위치는 이동
∴신경의 위치와 장기의 위치의 차이 발생
As a result, we feel pain as if the affected organs are still located where they were at early
stages of e d .
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 고난도 지문이므로 내용을 완전히 이해하고 연계를 대비해야 하는 글!
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요악
통증을 느끼는 곳과 실제 통증 발생 부위의 차이가 생기는 이유는 태아 때 형성된 신경의 연결부는 형성된 위
치에 (A) 머무르지만, 장기들은 성장과 함께 (B) 이동을 하기 때문이다.
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
-L4 However, when the organs...
As a result, we feel pain as if the affected organs are still located where they were at early
- 128 -
TOP63 수능완성 13강 3번 (p.59) 연결사 MEMO
- 129 -
개념 정리
However, this ability to interact becomes c when humans interact across cultures.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L7 However, this ability...
However, this ability to interact becomes complicated when humans interact across cultures.
- 130 -
TOP64 수능완성 15강 3번 (p.67) 불필요한 문장 MEMO
Our cultures exercise a powerful influence on our conduct, often without our
even being aware of it. However, to argue that culture influences our behavior
is hardly the same as arguing that it determines our behavior. Deviance from
cultural norms is found in all societies. Because individual members of any
society maintain, to varying degrees, a free will, they have the freedom to say
no to cultural expectations. Unlike the honeybee, which behaves according to
its genetic programming, humans can make a range of behavioral choices. Of
course, choosing an alternative may result in unpleasant consequences, but all
people have the option of doing things differently from what is culturally
expected.
- 131 -
개념 정리
도입 문화 → 행동에 강력한 영향
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L3 Deviance from cultural norms is found in...
- 132 -
TOP65 수능완성 16강 2번 (p.70) 순서 MEMO
Most developed countries face the same problems with trash as the United
States. In fact, some areas of the globe are way ahead of the United States in
trash technology and policies. Europe, for example, due to its dense
population, began running out of landfill space long ago. Many European
countries turned to incinerators, but this method has become increasingly
disfavored because it produces too much air pollution and dangerous waste. As
a result, some countries in Europe have begun implementing strategies to
eliminate large amounts of garbage that would otherwise have to be burned or
dumped. Thanks to the adoption of packaging and bottle return laws, the use
of new trash technologies, and the resort to aggressive recycling programs,
Europeans now generate only half as much trash per person as Americans.
- 133 -
개념 정리
Thanks to the adoption of packaging and bottle return laws, the use of new trash technologies,
and the resort to aggressive recycling programs, Europeans now g only h as much
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 내용은 쉽지만, 근거를 이용한 빈칸 문제 출제 가능!
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
-L4 that would otherwise have to be burned or dumped
trash, Europe
Thanks to the adoption of packaging and bottle return laws, the use of new trash technologies,
and the resort to aggressive recycling programs, Europeans now generate only half as much
trash per person as Americans.
- 134 -
TOP66 수능완성 16강 3번 (p.71) 순서 MEMO
We know that we have some bad habits. We know that we would be better off
without them. We have all tried to change many times with various degrees of
success. But the changes have never been deep enough or lasting. The
problem is that our approach to attacking this problem is faulty. We tend to
take a bad habit and just try hard to stop doing it. We gather all of our will to
not do something. This creates a sense of deprivation in our mind. We did
whatever the wrong behavior was because we enjoyed it. So we are actually
removing something that provided pleasure and are creating a void in our
lives. Naturally, this type of change is not sustainable. Sooner or later we will
have to fill that void again and we will inevitably return to those old behaviors
because that’s the only way we can fill that void.
- 135 -
개념 정리
요지 접근법에 결함
- 무언가를 하지 않으려는 노력 → 상실감 유발
→ 상실감을 채우기 위해 예전의 행동으로 돌아감
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 2점 빈칸을 위한 지문
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L6 deprivation
- 136 -
TOP67 수능완성 16강 4번 (p.71) 순서 MEMO
- 137 -
개념 정리
눈에 쏙! KEYWORD
An example that highlights this is the correlation between drinking milk and cancer rates, which
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸을 위한 문제
-L6 have a positive correlation with increased age
An example that highlights this is the correlation between drinking milk and cancer rates, which
some support groups use to argue that drinking milk causes cancer.
- 138 -
TOP68 수능완성 18강 1번 (p.78) 요약 MEMO
- 139 -
개념 정리
도입 호모 사피엔스는 독창적인 해결책을 고안해서 북부 시베리아 지역으로 나아갔다.
- 방한 의류 개발
- 새로운 무기와 정교한 사냥 기술 개발
+ 북쪽으로 이동하면서 의복, 사냥 전략, 기타 생존 기술은 계속해서 향상
And as they moved north, their clothes, hunting strategies and other survival skills continued to
i .
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 내용을 한 번만 제대로 이해하면 되는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘 추론
L1 penetrate
L4 adapted
L5 ingenious
L7 effective
L9 sophisticated
L9 enabled
L11 improved
L12 deeper and deeper
L14 improve
And as they moved north, their clothes, hunting strategies and other survival skills continued to
improve.
- 140 -
TOP69 수능완성 18강 4번 (p.79) 요약 MEMO
Most European conceptions of art would separate music from dance and both
music and dance from the social situations that produced them. Most
traditional African conceptions, on the other hand, couple music with one or
more other art forms, including dance. And most Africans experience music as
part of a multidimensional social event that may take place in a village square,
a town plaza, a courtyard, a dance plaza, a marketplace, a street corner where
groups normally meet for singing and dancing, or a sacred place selected for a
particular rite. Invariably audience members participate verbally and through
physical movement. Indeed, societal values encourage this kind of participation
because it allows members of the community to interact socially in musical
situations. Moreover, expressing the beat through motor response heightens
one’s enjoyment of the music and makes one feel more involved in the musical
event.
대부분의 유럽식 예술 개념은 음악을 춤과, 그리고 음악과 춤 모두를 그것이 비롯된 사
회적 상황과 분리할 것이다. 반면에 대부분의 전통적인 아프리카식 개념은 음악에 춤을
포함하여, 한 가지 이상의 다른 예술 형태와 결부시킨다. 그리고 대부분의 아프리카인들은
마을 광장, 소도시 광장, (건물의) 뜰, 춤 광장, 시장, 집단이 보통 노래하고 춤을 추기 위
해 만나는 길모퉁이, 또는 특정한 의식을 위해 선택된 성스러운 곳에서 개최될 수 있는
다차원적인 사교 행사의 일부분으로 음악을 경험한다. 언제나 관객들은 말과 신체적 움직
임을 통해 참여한다. 실제로, 사회의 가치는 이런 종류의 참여를 권장하는데, 그것이 공동
체의 구성원들로 하여금 음악이 있는 상황에서 허물없이 교류하도록 해주기 때문이다. 게
다가, 운동 반응을 통해 박자를 표현하는 것은 사람들이 음악을 즐기는 것을 고조시키고
음악 행사에 더 관련되어 있다고 느끼게 만든다.
- 141 -
개념 정리
Most traditional African conceptions, on the other hand, c music with one or more other
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] (변형) 문장삽입
-L5 Indeed, societal values encourage...
Most traditional African conceptions, on the other hand, couple music with one or more other
- 142 -
TOP70 수능완성 실전 1회 21번 (p.95) 요지 MEMO
A person whose behavior causes difficulties for you and others is a difficult
person. Dealing with difficult people simply means dealing with difficult
behaviors. The best way to manage interactions with difficult people is to
adjust your own reactions so that you can successfully resolve the conflict. For
example, a client starts to blame you for something that was not your fault.
Your natural reaction might be to defend yourself. Most of us have a tendency
to respond this way; however, you rarely solve anything by being defensive.
Another reaction might be that you’re furious but grit your teeth, having
allowed the situation to get to you. Ask yourself, “Is the client mad at me or
the situation?” In most cases, it’s the situation. Before responding to any type
of difficult situation, take time to recognize the client is not angry at you.
Therefore, there is no need to defend yourself, which is the best solution.
- 143 -
개념 정리
The best way to manage interactions with difficult people is to a your own r
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 무난한 2점 빈칸 문제 가능!
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L4 adjust your own reactions
The best way to manage interactions with difficult people is to adjust your own reactions so that
- 144 -
TOP70 수능완성 실전 1회 23번 (p.96) 제목 MEMO
- 145 -
개념 정리
Abandoning native or what are often called heritage languages causes a loss of c and
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어법
L4 that
L6 causes
L7 is
L8 which
L9 are deprived of
-L1 attached
Abandoning native or what are often called heritage languages causes a loss of culture and
- 146 -
TOP71 수능완성 실전 1회 28번 (p.98) 어법 MEMO
I worry that people will gradually stop the major long-term investments in
research that are essential if we are to answer difficult (and often abstract)
scientific questions. Important fundamental experimental science will always be
at the edge of what is technologically feasible, and moving forward requires
commitment to advances. The applications are not obvious, so there has to be
an underlying belief that finding the answers to deep and significant questions
about how the universe evolved, how we evolved, what we are made of, what
space is made of, and how things work is important. The ability to find
answers to these questions is one of the characteristics that make human
beings unique and give meaning to our lives. Giving this up for short-term
ends would be a tragedy.
- 147 -
개념 정리
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
L2 essential
L4 edge
L6 obvious
L9 important
L10 unique
L12 tragedy
- 148 -
TOP72 수능완성 실전 1회 29번 (p.99) 어휘 MEMO
The first thing to understand about anxiety is that it’s part of our biological
heritage. Long before any recorded human history, our ancestors lived in a
world filled with life-threatening dangers: predators, hunger, toxic plants,
unfriendly neighbors, heights, disease, drowning. It was in the face of these
dangers that the human mind evolved. The qualities necessary to avoid danger
were the qualities that evolution bred into us as human beings. A good many
of those qualities amounted simply to different forms of caution. Fear was
protective; one had to be cautious about many things to survive. This
cautiousness persists in our present psychological makeup in the form of some
of our deepest hatreds and fears. These fears were adaptive―they are really
survival instincts left over from a primitive era.
- 149 -
개념 정리
도입 불안 → 생물학적 유산의 일부
- 선조들은 위험이 가득한 세상에서 생활
- 생명을 위협하는 위험들에 직면해서 진화
- 위험을 피하는 데 필수적인 특성들은 진화가 가르쳐 준 특성
- 불안 → 조심스러움 → 혐오와 두려움(적응에 도움)
요지 선사시대의 불안은 현대의 혐오와 두려움이 되었으며 이것은 환경에의 적응을 도움.
These fears were adaptive―they are really s i left over from a primitive era.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸추론
L1 The first thing to understand about anxiety is that it’s part of our biological heritage.
These fears were adaptive―they are really survival instincts left over from a primitive era.
- 150 -
TOP73 수능완성 실전 1회 33번 (p.101) 빈칸 MEMO
Paradoxically, some studies suggest that patients may be more satisfied when
more is done, even if what is done doesn’t improve their health. Researchers
at nine Virginia hospitals tested the benefit of more doctor visits and more
frequent telephone follow-up for patients released from the hospital. They
studied patients with chronic problems: heart failure, diabetes, or emphysema.
Unexpectedly, patients who got closer follow-up were more likely to be sent
into hospital again and spent more days in the hospital than patients who just
got their usual care. There were no differences in quality of life between the
groups. Nonetheless, those with closer follow-up were more satisfied with their
care. This suggested that the added attention and care made patients happier
but not healthier.
- 151 -
개념 정리
This suggested that the added attention and care made patients h but not h .
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
추가적인 병원의 관리를 받은 환자들은 환자들을 (A) 심리적으로는 환자들을 더 행복하게 만들었지만, (B) 더
건강하게 만들지는 못했다.
This suggested that the added attention and care made patients happier but not healthier.
- 152 -
TOP74 수능완성 실전 1회 34번 (p.101) 빈칸 MEMO
The Internet can spread hatred as well as freedom. Along with the invitation
for shared information, there are also calls for terror. But we will disappear as
a species, and take other forms of life down with us, if we obsess only about
our failings. Concentrating on destructive characteristics blocks from view the
possibilities that can arise when we recognize life as a chain of solidarity with
other beings. This is the connected world of the Net, which is a literary world.
It is not a galaxy of fiction but a universe linked by fiction by our abilities to
imagine alternate realities, to conceive what other people might be feeling, to
be mindful of them, to identify ourselves with them, and to change society. We
can solve our global problems more effectively if we envision more vividly our
ties to other human beings.
인터넷은 자유뿐만 아니라 미움도 퍼뜨릴 수 있다. 공유된 정보로의 초대와 더불어 공포
를 불러내기도 한다. 그러나 우리가 우리의 결점에 대해서만 집착하면 우리는 하나의 종
으로 소멸하고 우리와 함께 다른 형태의 생명체도 무너뜨릴 것이다. 파괴적인 특징에 몰
두하는 것은 우리가 삶을 타인과의 연속된 연대로 여길 때 일어날 수 있는 가능성을 시야
에서 가로막는다. 이것은 서로 연결된 인터넷(망)의세계인데, 그것은 문학적인 세계이다.
그것은 허구의 소우주가 아니라 허구에 의해, 즉 대안적 현실을 상상하고, 다른 사람들이
느낄지도 모르는 것을 마음속에 그려 보고, 그들에게 마음을 쓰고, 그들과 우리 자신을 동
일시하고 그래서 사회를 변화시킬 수 있는 우리의 능력에 의해 연결된 대우주이다. 우리
가 더 생생하게 다른 사람들과의 유대를 마음속에 그려 본다면 우리는 우리 세상의 문제
를 더 효과적으로 해결할 수 있다.
- 153 -
개념 정리
도입 인터넷은 자유 + 미움 퍼뜨림
요지 인터넷의 문제 해결 가능성
- 인터넷은 문학적 세계
- 대안적 현실을 상상, 타인의 감정 공감, 감정 이입
→ 유대감으로 연결된 대우주
다른 사람들과의 유대 (인터넷)→ 세상의 문제를 더 효과적으로 해결
We can solve our global problems more effectively if we envision more vividly our t to
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L5 a chain of solidarity with other beings
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
인터넷은 (A) 양면성을 가지고 있지만, 타인과의 (B) 유대감을 공유하는 장으로 활용한다면 세상의 문제들을
해결할 수 있다.
internet, ties
We can solve our global problems more effectively if we envision more vividly our ties to other
human beings.
- 154 -
TOP75 수능완성 실전 1회 38번 (p.103) 문장삽입 MEMO
- 155 -
개념 정리
요지 수학은 누적되는 과목
- 이 특성을 학생들에게 접하게 하면 수학에 대한 흥미와 인간미를 더함
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L2 lacking history
-L4 an accumulative subject
- 156 -
TOP76 수능완성 실전 2회 28번 (p.115) 어법 MEMO
External events, trends, and issues can have an important impact on our
approach to influencing someone. Most of us would acknowledge that we have
little or no influence in areas such as the global economy, a competitor's
business strategy, or decisions made by leaders of countries we don't live in.
Yet these and other decisions and events can have an impact on our lives and
on how we influence people. For example, knowing that a certain industry is
having difficulty filling orders because of shortages of a raw material from a
country that is at war may affect our approach to negotiating a business deal.
We may not have any impact on the route a hurricane will take, but we can
use information we have heard about it to influence a relative's travel plans.
Trends, events, and other factors over which we have no control provide the
context within which we exercise our influence.
- 157 -
개념 정리
Trends, events, and other factors over which we have no control provide the context within
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L6 how we influence people
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L5 Yet these and other decisions...
Trends, events, and other factors over which we have no control provide the context within which
- 158 -
TOP77 수능완성 실전 2회 31번 (p.117) 빈칸 MEMO
- 159 -
개념 정리
One aspect of this shift to a service economy is what has been called the 's ' of
products.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
현대 경제에서 상품과 서비스 사이의 경계는 (A) 모호해지고 있으며, 제품들은 (B) 서비스가 수반이 되어야만
유용한 것으로 인정된다.
servitization of products
One aspect of this shift to a service economy is what has been called the 'servitization' of
products.
- 160 -
TOP78 수능완성 실전 2회 33번 (p.118) 빈칸 MEMO
Many people worry about microwave radiation from cell phones. Unlike
X-rays, which are high-energy photons, microwaves are photons with
extremely low energy. They deposit their energy in the form of heat; that’s
what they do in microwave ovens. They do not break DNA molecules in the
body (unless they actually burn and char the material), and therefore they
pose no risk of causing cancer in the way that X-rays and other energetic
radiation (even sunlight) can. The main danger is the heat. Much of the fear of
microwaves undoubtedly comes from the fact that they share the name
radiation with the other, far more dangerous forms, such as gamma radiation.
The fear that some people have shown toward such cell phone radiation finds
its origin not in physics, but in linguistics.
- 161 -
개념 정리
도입 마이크로 방사선에 대한 걱정
- 극도로 낮은 에너지를 가진 광자
- 에너지를 열의 형태로 보관
- DNA분자 파괴X, 암유발X
The fear that some people have shown toward such cell phone radiation finds its origin not in
p , but in l .
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 글의 흐름을 잘 따라가야 하는 글
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 삽입
L7 The main danger is the heat.
The fear that some people have shown toward such cell phone radiation finds its origin not in
- 162 -
TOP79 수능완성 실전 2회 36번 (p.119) 문장삽입 MEMO
- 163 -
개념 정리
도입 몇몇 어른들은 아이들이 규칙에 이의를 제기하는 것을 자신에 대한 공격처럼 반응
- 권위주의적인 부모와 교사들은 군말 없이 복종을 받기를 기대
- 논쟁은 어른의 권위에 대한 모욕으로 인식
-
요지 아이 → 단지 많은 자유를 원함
- (어른들의 해석에 따라)
아이들의 강력한 변호 → 적절한 자기표현 or 공격
연계 최종분석
[글의 순서]
L3 (A) Arguments are...
L5 (B) But if adults...
L7 (C) Thus, whether children's
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
-L1 how adults interpret it
- 164 -
TOP80 수능완성 실전 3회 21번 (p.129) 요지 MEMO
Many people believe that they are very good at detecting deception. They may
even cite examples where they were correct in spotting a lie when others
around them were not so sensitive. The problem with such unproved evidence
is that it’s difficult to know when one is wrong in believing a lie. Unless there
was independent evidence later that someone was lying, how would you
discover your incorrect judgment? By definition, successful lies go undetected
and there is no way of keeping track of them. In fact, across scores of
experiments, average detection accuracy is only slightly better than chance.
Specifically, with 50% as a baseline for chance accuracy, the average detection
accuracy is approximately 55%. Furthermore, there is little or no relationship
between confidence in judgments and accuracy.
- 165 -
개념 정리
Specifically, with 50% as a baseline for chance accuracy, the average d accuracy is
approximately 55%.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
In fact, across scores of experiments, average detection accuracy is only slightly better than
chance.
detecting deception
Specifically, with 50% as a baseline for chance accuracy, the average detection accuracy is
approximately 55%.
- 166 -
TOP81 수능완성 실전 3회 22번 (p.129) 주제 MEMO
- 167 -
개념 정리
That hesitancy may be most pronounced if they do not have close relationships with the others.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 전형적인 2점짜리 빈칸 문제
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L2 they do not have close relationships with the others
That hesitancy may be most pronounced if they do not have close relationships with the others.
- 168 -
TOP82 수능완성 실전 3회 29번 (p.133) 어휘 MEMO
Many people are resistant to the notion that numerical data can convey the
beauty of the real world. They feel that somehow converting things to numbers
strips away the magic. In fact, they could not be more wrong. Numbers have
the potential to allow us to perceive that beauty, that magic, more clearly and
more deeply, and to appreciate it more fully. Admittedly, ambiguity may be
removed by expressing things in numerical form. For example, if I say that
there are four people in the room, you know exactly what I mean, whereas, if I
say that someone is attractive you may not be entirely sure what I mean. You
may even disagree with my view that someone is attractive; you are unlikely to
disagree with my view that there are four people in the room. Numbers are
universally understood, regardless of nationality, religion, gender, age, or any
other human characteristic.
- 169 -
개념 정리
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L5 ambiguity
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L3 In fact, they could not...
L7 For example,...
-L5 You may even disagree...
Numbers are universally understood, regardless of nationality, religion, gender, age, or any other
human characteristic.
- 170 -
TOP83 수능완성 실전 3회 34번 (p.135) 빈칸 MEMO
- 171 -
개념 정리
요지 전체적인 경제 → 이익을 얻음
ex) 하류 지역의 정화 비용 2천만 달러 - 염료 생산자의 폐기물 처리 비용 2백만 달러
= 1800만 달러의 이익
...there will be an $18 million yearly g overall if the dye producer is prohibited from
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
L2 increase
L3 higher, rise
L4 benefit
-L5 gain
-L3 expensive
-L1 benefit
cleanup costs
...there will be an $18 million yearly gain overall if the dye producer is prohibited from polluting
the river.
- 172 -
TOP84 수능완성 실전 3회 36번 (p.136) 불필요한 문장 MEMO
While researching animal behavior for her book Mongoose Watch, British
ethologist Anne Rasa was surprised to discover that when a dwarf mongoose
became ill with chronic kidney disease, he was treated differently by his peers.
The other mongooses permitted the ill animal to eat much earlier than he
normally would have, considering his rank in the mongoose social order. To
Rasa's astonishment, the sick mongoose was even allowed to have a bite of the
same piece of food that the dominant male was eating―something that would
never occur normally. When the ill mongoose lost his ability to climb, the
entire group of mongooses gave up their decided preference for sleeping on
elevated objects such as boxes. Instead, they all chose to sleep on the floor
with their sick friend.
- 173 -
개념 정리
- 병에 걸린 그 몽구스가 먼저 식사
- 지배층인 수컷만 먹는 부분도 허용
- 높은 곳 대신 바닥에서 잠을 자는 것을 선택
...to discover that when a dwarf mongoose became ill with chronic kidney disease, he was t
d by his peers.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 무난한 2점 빈칸 가능 지문
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L3 he was treated differently by his peers
...to discover that when a dwarf mongoose became ill with chronic kidney disease, he was treated
differently by his peers.
- 174 -
TOP85 수능완성 실전 3회 39번 (p.138) 순서 MEMO
- 175 -
개념 정리
요지 첫째 아이가 얻는 이중의 이득
1. 부모의 온전한 관심
- 자신을 사랑받을만한 존재로 평가
A first-born who has a younger brother or sister gains a d a over other babies.
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L1 gains a double advantage over other babies
A first-born who has a younger brother or sister gains a double advantage over other babies.
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TOP86 수능완성 실전 4회 19번 (p.145) 주장 MEMO
You can listen to what people have to say―maybe you feel that you don't
have a choice―but in the end, your definition of success has to be your
definition of success. You're the one who's going to be living with it. If you
just look at the medical field alone, you'll find that too many doctors went to
medical school for the wrong reasons, either because their parents wanted
them to or because they thought they could get rich that way. People who go
into a field like medicine for reasons like that are likely to get burned out,
missing the deeper significance of the work, or are likely to fall short of being
really fine physicians as they lack the deep commitment that this demanding
profession requires.
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개념 정리
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 쉬운 2점 빈칸 문제 가능
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L2 your definition of success has to be your definition of success
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TOP87 수능완성 실전 4회 22번 (p.146) 주제 MEMO
Too often, negotiators approach the negotiating table with the attitude “I’ll be
tough at the start. If that doesn’t work, I can always take a softer approach.”
The fault in this approach is that it assumes that your opening move will have
no continuing effect on your counterpart once you have decided to adopt a
softer approach. In fact, of course, an overly tough opening move not only
communicates the nature of your demand, but it also communicates something
about you as a person and your company as a future customer or partner.
Thus, your counterpart may interpret your overly aggressive opening move as
an indication that you and your company are unreasonable, arbitrary, rigid,
and perhaps untrustworthy. Once they have formed that impression, it may be
very difficult to persuade them to change that evaluation no matter how gentle
you become in subsequent negotiating sessions.
✽counterpart 상대방, 대응 관계에 있는 사람
- 179 -
개념 정리
The fault in this approach is that it assumes that your opening move will have no c
effect on your counterpart once you have decided to adopt a softer approach.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 다소 어려운 연결어 문제 가능
[ 연계 예상 ] 연결어
L5 In fact...
L8 Thus...
a softer approach
The fault in this approach is that it assumes that your opening move will have no continuing
effect on your counterpart once you have decided to adopt a softer approach.
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TOP88 수능완성 실전 4회 28번 (p.149) 어법 MEMO
- 181 -
개념 정리
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
L1 integrity
L3 *impossible
L6 large
-L5 declines
-L4 permanently
-L3 essential
keystone species
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TOP89 수능완성 실전 4회 29번 (p.150) 어휘 MEMO
Like ideas about gender roles, ideas about race affect human relationships
everywhere on earth. However, according to the science of biology, all people
now alive on earth are members of one species, Homo sapiens sapiens.
Biologically, race is a meaningless concept. The characteristics we popularly
identify as race markers―skin color, hair texture, face, and body shapes―have
no significance as biological categories. For any supposed racial trait, such as
skin color, there are wide variations within human groups. In addition, many
invisible biological characteristics, such as blood type and DNA patterns, cut
across skin color distributions and other so-called racial attributes and are
shared across what are commonly viewed as different races. In fact, over the
last several thousand years there has been such massive gene flow among
human populations that no modern group presents a distinct set of biological
characteristics. Although we may look quite different, from the biological point
of view, we are all closely related.
- 183 -
개념 정리
Although we may look quite different, from the biological point of view, we are all c
r .
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
-L1 we are all closely related
[ 연계 예상 ] 연결어
L7 In addition,
-L5 In fact,
Although we may look quite different, from the biological point of view, we are all closely related.
- 184 -
TOP90 수능완성 실전 4회 31번 (p.151) 빈칸 MEMO
- 185 -
개념 정리
요지 예술품 감상 시 불편한 이유
The anxiety many spectators experience when looking at and responding to art is well j .
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
-L4 Labels, statements, and other materials are useful aids.
art, anxiety
The anxiety many spectators experience when looking at and responding to art is well justified.
- 186 -
TOP91 수능완성 실전 4회 33번 (p.152) 빈칸 MEMO
- 187 -
개념 정리
Attachment and bonding f the passage of moral understanding and behavior from
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
부모와 자식 간에 형성된 (A) 유대감은 부모의 가치의 승리를 보장하면서 한 세대의 도덕적 이해와 행동이 다
음 세대로 전달되는 것을 (B) 촉진한다.
Attachment and bonding facilitate the passage of moral understanding and behavior from one
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TOP92 수능완성 실전 4회 36번 (p.153) 글의 순서 MEMO
One novel feature of modern life for most people in developed countries is
the abundant availability of food independent of season. In the state of nature,
by contrast, food is relatively scarce much of the time, making energy
conservation most important and forcing difficult energy-expenditure trade-offs
between metabolically costly tissues, processes, and behaviors. For example,
the human brain constitutes only 2 percent of body mass yet accounts for
over 20 percent of total energy expenditure. (In newborns, brain metabolism
accounts for a surprising 60 percent of total metabolism.) The brain, heart,
gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and liver together consume 70 percent of basal
metabolism. Evolution had to make a difficult trade-off between the size and
capacity of these organs and the allocation of time and energy to activities
other than searching for food and maximizing its nutritive value.
- 189 -
개념 정리
도입 현대 생활의 특징 = 음식 풍부
자연의 상태 = 음식 부족 → 에너지 보존 중요
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
자연의 상태에서는 음식이 (A) 부족하기 때문에 에너지 소모가 많은 조직과 활동에 대한 (B) 균형이 강제된다.
energy conservation
making energy conservation most important and forcing difficult energy-expenditure trade-offs
- 190 -
TOP93 수능완성 실전 5회 21번 (p.163) 요지 MEMO
Although you may not always have been aware of it, nutrition has played a
significant role in your life. Every day, several times a day, you select foods
that influence your body’s health for better or worse. Each day’s food choices
may benefit or harm your health only a little, but when these choices are
repeated over years and decades, the rewards or consequences become major.
That being the case, paying close attention to good eating habits now supports
health benefits later. Conversely, carelessness about food choices can
contribute to many chronic diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, and
cancer. Of course, some people will become ill or die young no matter what
choices they make, and others will live long lives despite making poor choices.
For the majority of us, however, the food choices we make each and every day
will benefit or harm our health in proportion to the wisdom of those choices.
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개념 정리
요지 식습관의 중요성
매일의 음식 선택 반복 → 결과가 중대해짐
좋은 식습관에 주의 → 건강상 이점 지원
음식 선택의 부주의 → 만성 질환 초래
...the food choices we make each and every day will benefit or harm our health in proportion to
the wisdom of those c .
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 쉬운 2점 빈칸 가능
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
-L1 in proportion to the wisdom of those choices.
food choices
the food choices we make each and every day will benefit or harm our health in proportion to
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TOP94 수능완성 실전 5회 28번 (p.166) 어법 MEMO
- 193 -
개념 정리
도입 말과 행동은 객관적
+ 관점, 회상, 그리고 해석은 심지어 가장 좋은 때조차도 (상황에 따라) 달라짐
ex) 범죄를 목격한 사람들
+ 시각을 넓히려면? → 상대방이 이야기를 공유하도록 권장
To broaden our perspective, we need to encourage the other person to s their story.
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 쉬운 2점 빈칸 가능
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
L5 we need to encourage the other person to share their story.
perspective
To broaden our perspective, we need to encourage the other person to share their story.
- 194 -
TOP95 수능완성 실전 5회 32번 (p.168) 빈칸 MEMO
- 195 -
개념 정리
요지 정서 예측에 관한 연구의 결과
- 즐거움을 과대평가
- 고통과 후회를 과대평가
∴ 사람들은 행복으로 가는 길을 모름
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 한 번만 이해하면 되는 쉬운 소재의 지문
[ 연계 예상 ] 문단 요약
사람들은 행복이나 고통을 (A) 과대평가하면서 자신들을 행복하게 만드는 것을 예측하는 데에 (B) 서툴다.
happiness, overestimate
- 196 -
TOP96 수능완성 실전 5회 33번 (p.169) 빈칸 MEMO
Nature has selected traits in nonsocial animals that enable them to obtain
food, water, air, and other resources directly from the physical environment
without the support of other animals. For social animals, nature selected for
the capacity to cooperate. As a consequence, the brains of wolves differ
substantially from the brains of chickens. Chickens need brains that facilitate
their responses to changes in their physical environment but not brains for
adjusting to changes in their fellow chickens. That is, their capacity for
survival is not dependent on the cooperation of other chickens. Wolves, on the
other hand, hunt in packs with established social hierarchies―the strongest
wolf is at the top of the social hierarchy. Thus, the survival is enhanced by
life in the social context of the pack.
- 197 -
개념 정리
요지
비사회적 동물 → 혼자서 자원을 얻음
사회적 동물 → 협동하는 능력
ex)
닭(비사회적 동물) : 자신의 반응을 촉진, 다른 닭과의 협력X
늑대(사회적 동물) : 사회적 위계, 무리의 사회적 상황 중요
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 연결어
L4 As a consequence,
-L5 That is,
[ 연계 예상 ] 어휘
L3 without
L4 cooperate
L5 facilitate
L7 dependent
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장삽입
L7 That is, their capacity for survival is not dependent on the cooperation of other chickens.
As a consequence, the brains of wolves differ substantially from the brains of chickens.
- 198 -
TOP97 수능완성 실전 5회 34번 (p.169) 빈칸 MEMO
A good life requires a healthy habitat in which to live, but the evidence shows
that a relatively high focus on extrinsic compared to intrinsic values is
associated with holding attitudes and behaving in ways that contribute to
environmental degradation. For example, the priority placed on materialistic
(extrinsic) values by U.S. and U.K. adolescents is associated with engaging less
frequently in ecologically friendly behaviors such as buying second hand,
recycling, riding a bicycle, reusing paper, and so on. Findings from one study
of 400 North American adults showed that those who cared more about
extrinsic relative to intrinsic values used more of Earth's limited resources to
meet their housing, food, and transportation lifestyle choices. Individuals high
in extrinsic values also act in greedier, more ecologically destructive, and less
sustainable ways when they play forest-management simulation games in the
laboratory, compared to their more intrinsically oriented counterparts.
- 199 -
개념 정리
ex)
- 생태 친화적 행동에 덜 빈번하게 참여
- 지구의 한정된 자원 더 많이 사용
- 숲 관리 시뮬레이션 게임의 예
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 무관한 문장
주장 + 예시 + 무관한 문장 + 예시
relatively high focus on extrinsic compared to intrinsic values is associated with holding attitudes
- 200 -
TOP98 수능완성 실전 5회 35번 (p.170) 문장삽입 MEMO
- 201 -
개념 정리
ex)
- 애완동물의 지속적인 애정은 매우 중요
(고난을 견디고 있는 사람들의 본질이 손상되지 않았다고 안심시켜 줌)
- 애완동물은 시설에 수용된 노인들에게 매우 유익
When people face real adversity―disease, unemployment, or the disabilities of age―a from
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장 삽입
-L6 Animals, however, have no expectations about mental capacity.
When people face real adversity―disease, unemployment, or the disabilities of age―affection from
- 202 -
TOP99 수능완성 실전 5회 36번 (p.170) 문장삽입 MEMO
기술과 관련된 윤리적 문제들 중 하나는 분배의 공정성과 사회적 평등의 문제에 관한 것
이다. 새로운 기술은 일반적으로 다른 사람에 비해 사회의 특정한 집단이나 구성원, 즉 맨
먼저 그 기술을 숙달하거나 그 기술에 접근하는 사람을 이롭게 하거나 유리하게 한다. 많
은 경우에 그러한 이점이 열심히 노력하거나 특별한 지식을 통해 얻은 것이기 때문에 마
땅히 받을 만하다고 우리는 생각한다. 하지만 다른 경우에 우리는 일부 기술에 대한 그러
한 제한된 접근은 다른 사람에 비해 특정 개인 또는 집단에 불공평한 이점을 준다고 느낄
수 있고 우리는 사회의 모든 사람에게 접근을 확대하려고 노력한다. 예를 들어 공공 도서
관은 모든 사람이 책과 배움에 대한 접근을 확실히 얻도록 설립되었다. 오늘날 우리는 같
은 이유로 공립학교에 컴퓨터와 인터넷 연결을 설치하고 있다. 따라서 사회의 공정성과
기회의 평등에 관한 문제는 기술 혁신 때문에 야기될 수 있다.
- 203 -
개념 정리
도입 기술과 관련된 윤리적 문제
분배의 공정성 vs. 사회적 평등
+ 마땅히 받을만한 집단이 제한된 접근의 이점을 누림
One of the ethical problems associated with technology concerns questions of d justice
and social e .
연계 최종분석
[ 지문 분석 ] 글의 흐름이 역동적인 글!
[ 연계 예상 ] 글의 순서
L2 (A) New technologies...
L6 (B) However,...
-L4 (C) Today,...
equality of opportunity
One of the ethical problems associated with technology concerns questions of distributive justice
- 204 -
TOP100 수능완성 실전 5회 40번 (p.172) 문단 요약 MEMO
- 205 -
개념 정리
도입 누군가가 지켜보는 것이 수행에 미치는 2가지 영향
1. 지켜볼 때 수행능력 저하 (무대 공포증)
2. 지켜볼 때 수행능력 향상
요지 경우에 따라서 다름
새롭고 처음 하는 일 → 지켜보면 더 못 함
잘 알거나 많이 연습한 일 → 지켜보면 더 잘 함
So, if you are learning to play a new sport, it is better to begin it alone, but when you become
연계 최종분석
[ 연계 예상 ] 빈칸
-L1 probably perform better with an audience
[ 연계 예상 ] 문장 삽입
L5 The other extreme is that being observed enhances performance, people doing whatever it
might be better when they know that others are watching.
being observed
So, if you are learning to play a new sport, it is better to begin it alone, but when you become
skilled at it, then you will probably perform better with an audience.
- 206 -