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Mechanics of Material
Mechanics of Material
Layout:
Layout is defined as the physical arrangement of men, machines and materials for optimization of resources.
OR
the way in which the parts of something are arranged or laid out.
Types of layout:
Product layout
Process layout
Fixed position layout
Combination layout
Product layout:
In manufacturing engineering, a product layout refers to a production system where the work stations and
equipment are located along the line of production, as with assembly lines. Usually, work units are moved
along a line (not necessarily a geometric line, but a set of interconnected work stations) by a conveyor.
Process layout:
In manufacturing engineering, process layout is a design for the floor plan of a plant which aims to improve
efficiency by arranging equipment according to its function. The production line should ideally be designed
to eliminate waste in material flows, inventory handling and management.
Apparatus:
1. Fatigue testing machine
2. Beam deflection apparatus
3. Impact tester
4. Torsional tester
5. Hook’s law apparatus
6. Creep measurement
7. Thick and thin cylinder
8. Tensile test machine
9. Rubber in shear apparatus
10. Sturt buckling apparatus
11. Eccentrically loaded test apparatus
12. Shear force and bending moment apparatus
13. Compound shaft apparatus
14. Rubber in shear apparatus
15. Curved bar apparatus
Torsional tester:
ADMET torsion test machines employ a linear slide design for maximum torsional stiffness and minimal
axial friction. A reaction torque transducer is attached to a movable tail stock mounted on a linear slide.
The tail stock can be left free floating or clamped during testing. All torsion testers feature unlimited rotation
in both directions and are ordered as either horizontal or vertical testers. We will also modify a tester to
meet your needs. In the field of solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque.
Torsion is expressed in either the Pascal (Pa), an SI unit for newtons per square meter, or in pounds per
square inch (psi) while torque is expressed in newton meters or foot-pound force .In sections perpendicular
to the torque axis, the resultant shear stress in this section is perpendicular to the radius.
Hook’s law apparatus:
For proving Hooke’s Law of Elasticity, i.e. that elongation of an object is directly proportional to the load
applied and demonstrating the phenomenon of simple harmonic motion of a vibrating weight, potential
energy etc. Consists of an adjustable mirrored scale 15cm long, graduated in millimeters, mounted on a
support rod 30cm long fitted on a base. A hook attached to the rod supports a spring and indicator. Provided
with a 50g brass hanger. Required slotted weights can be ordered separately.
Its purpose is:
1. To investigate Hooke's Law (The relation between force and stretch for a spring)
2. To investigate Newton's Laws and the operation of a spring scale.
•The problem of determination of stresses in a thick cylinder was first attempted more than 160 years ago
by a French mathematician Lame in 1833. His solution very logically assumed that a thick cylinder to
consist of series of thin cylinders such that each exerts pressure on the other.
Tensile test machine:
Tensile testing, also known as tension testing,[1] is a fundamental materials science and engineering test in
which a sample is subjected to a controlled tension until failure. Properties that are directly measured via a
tensile test are ultimate tensile strength, breaking strength, maximum elongation and reduction in
area.[2] From these measurements the following properties can also be determined: Young's
modulus, Poisson's ratio, yield strength, and strain-hardening characteristics. [3] Uniaxial tensile testing is
the most commonly used for obtaining the mechanical characteristics of isotropic materials. Some materials
use biaxial tensile testing.
Conclusion:
Conclusion is the end or finish of an event, process, or text. The function of your paper's conclusion is to
restate the main argument. It reminds the reader of the strengths of your main argument(s) and reiterates
the most important evidence supporting those argument(s).
This lab was about the introduction of mechanics lab .We learnt about the layout and its type. We also learnt
about the functions and uses of each lab in mechanics.