Automated Water Pump with Dry Run Intimation using GSM

If the water level in a bore well drops below the threshold level for pumping its pump motor may get
air-locked or even burn out due to dry running. It is inconvenient for farmers to walk all the way to their fields
at night to switch the pump motor ’off’. Besides he may never get to know the problem. This problem can be
solved by using this GSM-based system that will automatically give the user a call on mobile phone when the
water level in the bore well drops below or rises to the threshold level for pumping. The user can also remotely
switch on or switch off the pump motor by sending an SMS from his mobile phone the system is simple reliable
portable and affordable.

Circuit description

Fig. shows the block diagram of the GSM-based bore well water-level monitoring system fig.2 shows
the complete circuit It comprises the power supply section water-level sensor circuit microcontroller MAX232
drive relay driver and GSM modem The GSM board has a valid SIM card with sufficient recharge amount to
make outgoing calls the circuit is powered by regulated 5V DC the 220V 50 Hz AC mains is stepped down by
transformer X1 to deliver a secondary output of 12V 250 ma. The transformer output is rectified by bridge
rectifier BR1 filtered by capacitor C1 and regulated by IC7805 (IC3) capacitor C2 bypasses ripples from the
regulated supply LED acts as the power ‘on’ indicator Resistor R1 limits the current through LED1 the AT89C51
microcontroller is connected to the water-level sensor circuit relay driver and MAX232 the microcontroller is
programmed to take necessary actions the mobile number used in the GSM modem is included in the code
before burning the code into the microcontroller the water-level sensor circuit comprises transistor T1 (BC548)
as sensor driver and water sensors A and B dipped into the bore-well along with the pipe Sensor A is dipped
below the pipe to the bottom of bore well when water in the bore well fills to the threshold level it is sensed by
sensor A and you get a call on your mobile phone Now can turn the motor ‘on’ by sending the SMS’’
motor11on’’ from your mobile phone to the sin number in the GSM modem you can also turn the motor ‘of’ by
sending the SMS ‘’motor11off’’. Sensor A is connected to the base of transistor T1 (BC548), when there is a
high voltage at the base T1 conducts and a low voltage is available at its collector this low signal is fed to pin
12 (port pin 3.2) of the MCU similarly for a low voltage input at the base T1 stop conducting high voltage signal
is available at its collector So pin 12 of the MCU gets a high signal input the high or low voltage signal at pin
12 is monitored and processed by the program in the MCU and decision to turn the motor ‘off’ taken when the
water level dips below sensor A.

Pin 3 (port pin p1.2) of the MCU is the output pin It is connected to relay-driver transistor T2
(BC548) and LED2 T2 drives relay RL1 which in turn activates the motor LED glows to indicate the motor ’on’
 status when level in the bore well dips below sensor A the conducting path between sensors A and B breaks
Hence a signal is received by the microcontroller the microcontroller turns the running motor ‘off’ and marked
a call to the used’ s cell phone through a GSM modem to indicate that the water is too low to pump the water
and the motor has been switched off In this way the motor is protected from airlocks and burnouts due to dry
running the status of motor water level and LED2 are shown in table I the GSM modem used in this project is
SIM 300 V7.30 (refer fig.3) Its key features are listed in table II.

GSM modem SIM330:

The GSM module is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card and operated on a
subscriber’s mobile number over a network just like a cellular phone> Basically it is a cellphone without display
Modem SIM300 is trainband GSM/GPRS engine that works on EGSM 900MHz DCS 1800MHZ and PDC
1900MHz frequencies GSM modem is RS232-logic-level compatible i.e. it takes 3V to =-15 as logic’ high and
+3V to-15V as logic ‘low’ MAX 232 is used to convent TTL into RS232 logic level and vice versa Hence
MAX232 is a voltage-level converter used between the microcontroller and the GSM board.

The signal at pin 11 of the microcontroller is sent to the GSM modem through pin 11 of MAX 232 this signal
is received at pin 2 (RX) of the GSM modem the GSM modem transmits the signal from pin3 (TX) to the
microcontroller through MAX232 which is received at pin 10 of IC1.

Application and advantage

1) This project can be used as borewell control system.

2) For industrial automation.
3) Saving of time, saving of power consumption.
4) Wear and tear losses.

Hardware part

1. Serial interface of GSM modem.

2. Microcontroller Board.
3. Status driver circuit.
4. Power supply.

Software

 Or cad for block and circuit diagram.

 Protel for PCB layout.
 Keil4 (C) for controller.
 

GSM BASED BOREWELL WATER LEVEL MONITOR

Simulation software also

RELAY RELAY
DRIVER UNIT MOTOR

CLOCK AND
POWER ON MICRO GSM
RESET CONTROLLER MODEM
WITH FLASH
ROM RAM 16
BIT TIMMER
COUNTER

MOBILE
REGULATED
POWER
SUPPLY

BOREWELL

WATER SENSE
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