Liceo de Cagayan University Junior High School Department

PORTABLE SOLAR (Photovoltaic Module) FAN

An Investigatory Project presented to

Mrs. Noliveth L. Calunia
Faculty of the Junior High School Department

In Partial Fullfillment of the Requirements in Research II

Researchers

Maria Anne Pacuribot II

Trisha Marie V. Zialcita
Julianne Mariz R. Zulita
Arianne Mae J. Paluga
Earvin Michael L. Salonoy

March 7, 2019
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ABSTRACT

A solar portable fan is a small fan powered by solar panels. Solar fans mostly do not require

secondary power sources other than solar power, as most of them are used for cooling purposes

during day time This project aims to give people, especially those who are living in tropical countries,

relief from the scorching heat. Also, it aims to promote recycling and reusing. The researchers

reused an old blades from a portable electric fan which isn’t functioning anymore and attached it to a

dc motor. The researchers also recycled an unused plastic bottle where we attached the dc

motor that contains the fan. The researchers attached the wires to the solar panel where we placed it

in the top of the bottle so it is able to receive the sunlight. The DC motor rotates with the blades and

produced air when the sunlight hit the solar panel which is one of our objectives. The researchers

conclude that the sun is a powerful source that can help our planet by giving us clean reusable

energy. The use of this energy is free, does not create pollution, and if used wisely can help us

become less dependent on other more costly and damaging forms of power. The researchers

recommend the use of rechargeable battery so it can store solar energy for a more convenient

experience even without the sunlight.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to acknowledge the contributions of each member who

helped in getting this project done.

Also, a warm thanks to the researchers’s parents for their warm support, guidance

and patience, and of course the funding of the materials used, and to the technicians who

helped to assemble the final product.

A big help in his part also is Mr. Clark Vincent D. Bayotas for guiding the

researchers in their Research papers, And many thanks also to their research teacher, Mrs.

Noliveth L. Calunia for her continous guidance in her students for having a Research project,

and most of all;

To God the creator who guided the Researchers in making a useful product for

many. Without God and the persons behind in this research project, this would not be

successful. A heartwarming thanks to everybody!

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Table of Contents

I. Abstract.……………………………..…………………………………………..…………..............i

II. Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………..…………………ii

III. Table of Contents……………………………………………………………………….……….iii

IV. Chapter I: The Problem and Research Design……………………………...…..…..1

Introduction………………………………………………………………………….…………......1

Objectives of the Study………………………………………………………….…………...…2

Limitations of the Study……………………..……………………………………….........2-3

Materials and Methodology……………………………………………………………….3-5

V. Chapter II: Review of Continental Literature...………………….........................6

Continents: Asia, Europe, and USA……………………….…………………..………..6-7

VI. Chapter III: Results and Discussion…………………………….…………………….....8

Data Presentation…………………………………………………………………………….….8

Analysis of Results…………..…………………………………………….…………………….8

VII. Chapter IV: Conclusions and Recommendations…...…………………………….9

VIII. Chapter VI: Appendices…………………………………………..……………………...…10

Appendix A- Letter of Consent………………………………………………..…….…….11

Appendix B- Figures and Plates………………………..……………………………12-13

Appendix C- Budget/Cost Analysis……….……………………………………………..14

Appendix D- Definition of Terms……………………………………..……….…………15

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Chapter I: THE PROBLEM AND RESEARCH DESIGN

INTRODUCTION

Solar energy currently represents the most abundant inexhaustible, non-polluting

and free energy resource that could be used economically to supply man‟s increasing energy

demand (Nasir, 2004). Over the years, there has been a great insight into the renewable

energy. As a result there have been great strides trying out many electrical gadgets and

equipment as to how they could be powered with renewable energy sources like the solar

energy.

Fans were one of the greatest inventions of all time. From hand fans to electric ones,

we can’t imagine living a modern life without them. Because of fans, air conditioners and

other cooling gadgets were born. These mini helpers has 3 major parts: blades, motor, and

power. As we all know, electricity is in high price now and we must conserve it. Solar panels

are a great way to offset energy costs, reduce the environmental impact of our homes and

provide a host of other benefits, such as supporting local business and contributing to energy

independence.

The solar powered portable fan is introduced to be, basically an electric fan that uses

the sun’s energy to power the fan and remove hot air from your surrounding. This fun and

handy tool is relied heavily on the solar panel to turn and work as a normal fan would. The

fan should be suitable for home, personal, and survival use. What better way to enjoy cool air

without harming the environment and pay further bills? By using this fan!
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OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 This project aims to give people (especially who are living in tropical countries)

relief from the scorching heat

 This project aims to evaluate and compare its ability against commercial

portable fans

 This project aims to replace the need of batteries and electric energy

 This project aims to promote recycling and reusing

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

Interest in solar power as an alternative source of energy continues to grow, due to the

environment benefits as well as potential energy cost savings to homeowners (after the initial

investment cost has been recouped). Of course, as with any form of energy, it's not perfect.

Solar panels are currently not highly efficient although efficiency continues to improve with

technological advances. The efficiency can be dramatically affected by many factors, including

regular, everyday issues like the amount of shade (from trees, structures...), wind, dust, snow, angle of

the panels, amount of daylight, access to direct sunlight, solar intensity and so on.

Storage is suggested, adding extra costs. You can use the solar energy generated from your panels

directly (and even sell it to the grid, if your municipality has such a program in place) - but since the

sun doesn't shine 24 hours a day, every day, then the solar energy needs to be "stored" in batteries for

later use. Otherwise you would need to be connected to the grid as backup, or own a generator.nlight,

solar intensity, and so on.

Access to direct sunlight is needed for solar panels to performance at their best. Often, commercial

installationsof solar panels will readjust during the day to maintain an angle that provides them with
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direct sunlight - best for converting into energy. However, most homeowners simply mount solar

panels in a rigid, fixed position, which means that the panels only have access to direct sunlight for a

limited amount of time each day.

Currently, the limits of solar power appear to be many, and most eventually lead to the primary

sticking point for homeowners: cost. While most of us would like to be able to do something

beneficial for the environment, the investment costs can be daunting. However a good compromise

would be to use solar power for small applications where it's cheap to install and maintain. In the

future, the efficiency of solar cells will continue to improve and hopefully provide homeowners and

businesses a viable alternative to drawing power from the grid.

MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY

TABLE 1. List of Materials

Quantitiy Unit Description

1 pc Solar Panel – Devices which are used to absorb the sun’s rays and

convert them into electricity or heat. Can be used to generate electricity

through photovoltic effect.

1 pc DC Motor - A device which transforms the thermal energy into

mechanical energy. The working principle of the motor is the

interaction between the magnetic field and the current to procedure a

force within the motor which helps the motor to do work.

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Quantity Unit Description

1 Pc Fan Blade - Consists of a rotating arrangement of varies or

blades which act on the air. The rotating assembly of blades

and who is known as an empeller, a rotor, or a runner.

1 Pc Switch - A device for making and breaking the connection

in an electric circuit.

1 Pc Plastic Bottle - A container that is used to hold water,

liquids or other beverages for consumption. Allows

individual to drink and transport a beverage from one place

to another.

2 Meters (m) Red and Black Wire - Metal drawn out into the form of a

thin flexible thread or rod.

Procedure

An old blades from a portable electric fan which isn’t functioning anymore was

reused by the researchers and a DC motor was attached into it using a glue gun. A longer

positive and negative wire was connected to the same wire of the DC motor so that it can

connect with the solar from the top of the bottle. An unused plastic bottle was also recycled
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which where the dc motor that already contains the blades was attached by making a hole in

the front, middle part of the bottle using a cutter and glue gun. The wires from the dc motor

which was already inside the bottle was attached from the solar panel, using a soldering iron

and wires. The solar panel was placed on top of the bottle so that it connects with the wires

from the dc motor through the opening hole and in that way the solar panel receives the

sunlight properly. The DC motor rotates with the blades and produced air when the sunlight

hit the solar panel.

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Chapter II: REVIEW OF CONTINENTAL LITERATURE

ASIA

Singapore’s Appeal as a Solar PV Market without FiT.The city0state has made

significant investments in research and innovation around energy sustainability. A project to

accommodate of energy is also being studied in a microgrid system.

Net Metering Scheme to Complement FiT in Malaysia. The net metering scheme

(NEM) was introduced in 2016 with 500 MW NEM targeted in 2020 in Peninsular Malaysia

and Sabah. With the NEM in place, consumers can generate their own electricity with one

meter installed and sell excess power to national utilities.

Indonesia’s New Renewable Energy Law. The adoption of solar PV in Indonesia has

been slow and uneventful. Stringent regulations, tariff uncertainty and more lucrative

alternatives have left the solar sector grossly undeveloped.

Thailand, The Regional Solar Leader. Thailand is the largest producer of solar energy

Southeast Asia. Because of Thailand’s experience with large solar farms and its promoting

policies, it forms a hub for PV testing services and a source for information.
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EUROPE

SOLARA is the strong brand for solar technology (photovoltaic) from northern

Germany. As a specialist provider of stand-alone systems, made in Germany, we guarantee a

reliable power supply wherever either no electricity gris id available or where current

development would mean exorbitant costs.

USA

Solar power in the United States includes utility-scale solar power plants as well as

local distributed generation, mostly from rooftop photovoltaic. The United States conducted

much early reaserch in photovoltaics and concentrated solar power. It is amoung the top

countries in the world in electricity generated by the Sun and several of the world’s largest

utility-scale Installations are located in the dessert Southeast.

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CHAPTER III: Results and Discussion

Data Presentation

TRIALS RESULTS

Trial 1 Wires too small and short. DC motor wires

can’t connect to switch, therefore, won’t turn

on.

Trial 2 Won’t turn on even if a battery is added.

Trial 3 When put into the sunlight, the fan works

already.

Analysis of Results

The researchers failed at trial 1 because the wries used are too small and short,

therefore when a copper breaks wire must be cut again to connect to another wire. Thereore,

they decided to purchase 2 meter red and black wire for extras in case the smaller wire

breaks. This wire is bigger too for more usage.

The researchers failed at trial 2 because even after an old rechargeable battery from

an old fan is added, it still doesn’t turn on because when tested in the multitester, it turns out

that it is already broken.

In trial 3, the researchers decided to cut off the battery and just rely on the solar for

the fan to work. When placed into the sunlight, it finally turns with decent result.
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CHAPTER IV: Conclusions and Recommendations

Therefore, The researchers conclude that the sun is a powerful source that can

help our planet by giving us clean, reusable energy to power our world. The use of this

energy is free, does not create pollution, and if used wisely can help us become less

dependent on other more costly and damaging forms of power. People would wake up every

day breathing fresh air instead of smelling the polluted air and smog. Countries where

electricity is scarce could grow and strengthen their economy. Cities could use clean and

renewable energy. Instead of seeing and smelling pollution, we could see the light blue sky.

People could feel sereneness and calmness in this beautiful world. Rechargeable battery was

the main recommendation so that the fan is still useable even without sunlight because the

rechargeable battery stores solar power.

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APPENDICES

Appendix A: Letter of Consent

We, the parents, hereby confirm to let our children partake in this project, for we

understand its purpose of the product and we are sure our children will take great care and

responsibility in handling this project.

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Appendix B: Figures & Plates (pictures, images, graphics)

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Appendix C: Cost Analysis

Materials Quantity and Unit Cost

Solar Panel 1 pc P149

DC Motor 1 pc P99

Fan blade 1 pc free

Plastic Bottle 1 pc free

Positive and Negative wire 1 meter P7

Switch 1 pc P25

Total: P280
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Appendix D: Definition of Terms

 DC Motor - A device which transforms the thermal energy into mechanical

energy. The working principle of the motor is the interaction between the

magnetic field and the current to procedure a force within the motor which

helps the motor to do work.

 Fan Blade - Consists of a rotating arrangement of varies or blades which act on

the air. The rotating assembly of blades and who is known as an empeller, a

rotor, or a runner.

 Red and Black Wires - Black wires identify negative or hot wires. Switches

connect on negative side of battery to the load. Red wire is the positive wire.

 Recycled Plastic Bottle - A container that is used to hold water, liquids or other

beverages for consumption. Allows individual to drink and transport a beverage

from one place to another.

 Solar Panel - Devices which are used to absorb the sun’s rays and convert them

into electricity or heat. Can be used to generate electricity through photovoltic

effect.

 Switch - A device for making and breaking the connection in an electric circuit.