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Ult 20 PDF
ULT 20 – nghJj;jkpo;
UNIT 1 Njthuk;> jpUf;FWe;jhz;lfk;> jpUtUl;gh
100% Theory
ANSWERS
PART – A Questions
1. vg;NghJ ekr;rptahk; ew;WizahFk;? (APRIL/MAY 2016)
fy;ypNy fl;b flypy; vd;id J}f;fp vwpe;j fhyj;jpYk; ekr;rpthak;
ey;y JizahFk; vd;fpwhu; jpUehTf;furu;.
2. jpUkq;ifaho;thu; vj;jF mg;gid tzq;fpajhff; $Wfpwhu;?
(APRIL/MAY 2016)
,Uk;gpd; kPJ fdd;w neUg;G cl;nfhz;l ePu; Nghy vd;Dila
md;G Ml;nfhs;s vk;ngUkhDf;F ehd; mbikahNdd;.
Nkfk; Nghd;w epwKila jpUkhypid mile;J mtDld; fye;J
vd; kdj;jpNy itj;J fUk;gpd; ,dpa rhw;wpid gUFtJ Nghy
,dpikahf gUfpNdd; vd;fpwhu; jpUkq;ifaho;thu;.
3. ,iwtd; vj;jd;ikad; vd;fpwhu; jpUehTf;furu;? (NOV/DEC 2016)
Ntjj;jpd; Kjy;td;.
Nrhjp (xsp) tbtkhff; fhl;rp jUgtd;.
nghd;Nghd;w jpUtbfis cilatd;.
jd;id ruzilAk; md;gu;fisj; Jd;gj;jpypUe;J fhg;ghw;Wgtd;.
4. jpUkq;ifaho;thu; mUspa E}y;fs; ahit?(NOV/DEC 2016)
jpUf;FWe;jhz;lfk;
jpUneLe;jhz;lfk;
rpwpa jpUkly;
ngupa jpUkly;
5. ekr;rpthak; ghtj;ij mWg;gJ vq;fdk;? (APRIL/MAY 2013)
tpz;zsT cauj;jpw;F tpwFf; fl;ilfis mLf;fp itj;jhYk;
mjid rpW neUg;Gg; nghwp nfhz;L vupj;J xd;Wkpy;yhky;
nra;Jtplyhk;.
mijg;Nghy gy gpwtpfspy; nra;j ghtq;fs; ,e;j gpwtpapYk;>
mLj;j gpwtpapYk; Jd;gj;ij tpistpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; epiyapy;
ekrptha vd;Dk; jpUite;njOj;J mg;ghtq;fis Rl;nlupf;fpwJ
vd;fpwhu; ehTf;furu;.
6. vtw;iwf; nfhLj;J jd;idf; fhf;f Ntz;Lk; vd ,iwtdplk; ,uhkypq;f
ts;syhu; Ntz;Lfpwhu;? (APRIL/MAY 2013)
vd; tUj;jq;fisAk;> Jauq;fisAk;> mr;rj;ijAk; Nghf;fp vd;
tbtj;ijAk;> tz;zj;ijAk;> capiuAk; ehd; Njb itj;Js;s tpidg;
gad;fisAk;> eP nfhz;L cd;Dila cUtj;ijAk;> nka;ikj; jd;ikAk;>
mUl;ngUf;ifAk;> Ngupd;gj;ijAk;> nka; md;igAk;> Qhdf; fhl;rpiaAk;
vspatDf;Fj; je;j cd;idNa ek;gpNdd;. Mjyhy; vd;idf; fhg;gJ cd;
fld; vd;fpwhu; ts;syhu;.
7. ngUkhs; ghw;fly; file;j tpjj;ijj; jpUkq;ifaho;thu; vt;thW
$Wfpwhu;?. (NOV/DEC 2013)
gue;j fupa ghw;flypNy NkUkiyia kj;jfhff; nfhz;L
thRfp vd;Dk; ghk;gpidf; nfhz;L file;J Njtu;fSf;F
mKjk; fpilf;f Nkhfpdp mtjhuk; vLj;jtd; jpUkhy;.
%q;fpy; epiwe;j NrhiyapNy #upaDila xspf;fjpu;fs;
GFe;J xsp tPRtJ Nghy> mbatu;fspd; kd ,Uisg;
Nghf;Fk; kh ,UQ;Nrhiyapy; tPw;wpUf;Fk; ike;jNd cd;idj;
jtpu NtW ahiu tzq;FNtd; vd;fpwhu; jpUkq;ifaho;thu;.
gjpg;gpj;j E}y;fs;:
1. xoptpnyhLf;fk;
2. njhz;ilkz;ly rjfk;
3. rpd;kajPgpif
9. ‘ez;gNd eyQ;rhu; gz;gNd cidNa ek;gpNdd;” vd;W ts;syhu;
$Wtd ahit?. (APRIL/MAY 2014)
“ez;gNd eyQ;rhu; gz;gNd cidNa
ek;gpNdd; iftply; vidNa”
Gz; cz;lhfhj clk;Gk;> Fw;wg;glhj kdKk;> ngha;apy;yhj
xOf;fj;ijAk; Nkw;nfhz;L cwf;fk; ,y;yhky; ,uTk; gfYk; cd;idNa
epidtpy; nfhz;L topgLfpd;Nwd;. cz;Zkplj;Jk;> cLf;Fkplj;Jk; cyf
kf;fis ehd; ek;Gtjpy;iy. vdf;F ez;gDk; eyk; nra;Ak; gz;Gila
NjhoDkhfpa cd;id ek;gpNa tho;fpd;Nwd;. Mjyhy; vd;idf;
iftpLjy; $lhJ vd;fpwhu; ts;syhu;.
10. jpUtUl;gh – E}y; Fwpg;G tiuf. (NOV. 2014)
jpUtUl;gpufhr ts;syhu; ,uhkypq;fu; ghb mUspa ghly;fs;
jpUtUl;gh vdg;gLfpd;wd.
,J MW jpUKiwfshf tFf;fg; ngw;Ws;sd.
,iwtdpd; jpUtUspd; J}z;Ljyhy; ghlg;ngw;w ghly;fs; vd;gjhy;
jpUtUl;gh vd;W toq;fg;ngWfpd;wd.
mtw;wpy; mike;j jpUg;ghly;fspd; vz;zpf;if 5818 MFk;.
,it kl;Lkpd;wp mbfshu; mt;tg;NgHJ jd; ez;gu;fSf;F
fbjkhfTk;> rpwg;Gg; ghapukhfTk; vOjpa jdpg;ghly;fs; gy cs;sd.
PART C Questions
1. ,uhkypq;f mbfshupd; mgaj;jpwid tpsf;Ff. (APRIL/MAY 2016)
Kd;Diu:
ts;syhu; mgaj;jpwd; vd;Dk; jiyg;gpy; jhd; ,iwtNdNa
ek;gpAs;sjhfTk; > vdf;F vy;yhk; ,iwtNd vd;Wk;> vd;idf; fhg;ghw;w
Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; $wpa fUj;Jf;fis tpupthff; fhz;Nghk;.
vJ rpwe;jJ?
Nfoy; mtjhuk;:
gd;wp cUtha; te;J ,t;Tyfj;ij fhj;jtd; jpUkhy;. G+f;fisr;
#ba fUKfpy; tz;zid fdtpNyf; fz;L thf;F> kdk;> nray; Nghd;w
ahtw;wpYk; epiwe;J ,Ug;gtid Mir kpFjp nfhz;L ,dpikahf
thq;fp tpOq;fpNdd; vd;fpwhu; jpUkq;ifaho;thu;.
Nkhfpdp mtjhuk;:
gue;j fupa ghw;flypNy NkUkiyia kj;jfhff; nfhz;L thRfp
vd;Dk; ghk;gpidf; nfhz;L file;J Njtu;fSf;F mKjk; fpilf;f
Nkhfpdp mtjhuk; vLj;jtd; jpUkhy;. %q;fpy; epiwe;j NrhiyapNy
#upaDila xspf;fjpu;fs; GFe;J xsp tPRtJ Nghy> mbatu;fspd; kd
,Uisg; Nghf;Fk; kh ,UQ;Nrhiyapy; tPw;wpUf;Fk; ike;jNd cd;idj;
jtpu NtW ahiu tzq;FNtd; vd;fpwhu; jpUkq;ifaho;thu;.
jpUkhYf;F ehd; mbik:
,Uk;gpd; kPJ fdd;w neUg;G cl;nfhz;l ePu; Nghy vd;Dila
md;G Ml;nfhs;s vk;ngUkhDf;F ehd; mbikahNdd;. Nkfk; Nghd;w
epwKila jpUkhypid mile;J mtDld; fye;J vd; kdj;jpNy itj;J
fUk;gpd; ,dpa rhw;wpid gUFtJ Nghy ,dpikahf gUfpNdd;
vd;fpwhu; jpUkq;ifaho;thu;.
KbTiu:
jpUf;FWe;jhz;lfg; ghlypd; topahf jpUkhypd; ngUikfisAk;>
jpUkhy; mju;kj;ij mopj;J ju;kj;ij epiyehl;l ,g;G+kpapy; vLj;j
mtjhuq;fspd; ngUikfisAk; jpUkq;ifaho;thu; ghbAs;shu;.
ULT 20 – nghJj;jkpo;
UNIT 2 fypq;fj;Jg;guzp> jpUke;jpuk;> jpUthrfk;
100% Theory
ANSWERS
PART – A ANSWERS
1. ghw;gR Ie;jpd; jd;ikfisf; $Wf. (APRIL/MAY 2016)
kdpjdpd; clypy; Ik;nghwpfshd nka;> tha;> fz;> %f;F> nrtp
Mfpatw;iw ghu;g;ghd; gR Ie;J vd;W jpU%yu; Fwpg;gpLfpwhu;.
,t;ite;Jk; ,iwtd; vd;fpd;w Nka;g;gh; ,y;yhtpl;lhy; kdk;Nghd
Nghf;fpy; jpuptNj ,jd; jd;ikahFk;.
2. jhd; vt;thW tpiutjhf khzpf;fthrfu; Fwpg;gpLfpwhu;? (APRIL/MAY 2016)
ehd; cd; jpUtbia epidj;J neQ;rk; kfpo;e;jjpy;iy.
G+khiy njhLj;J cd;d myq;fupf;ftpy;iy.
cd;idg; ghuhl;b NgrTk; ,y;iy. thOk; fhyj;jpy; VJk; nra;akhy;
tPzhd kuzj;ij Nehf;fpg; Ngha;f;nfhz;bUf;fpNwd;.
3. guzp ,yf;fzk; $Wf. (NOV/DEC 2016)
guzp vd;gJ Nghupy; Mapuk; ahidfis ntd;w tPuidg; ghLk;
rpw;wpyf;fpa tif MFk;.
"Mid Mapuk; mkupil ntd;w
khdtDf;F tFg;gJ guzp”
vd;W ,yf;fz tpsf;fg; ghl;bay; guzpf;F ,yf;fzk; $wpAs;sJ.
PART B ANSWERS
KbTiu:
thOk; fhyj;jpy; ,iwtDf;F nra;a Ntz;ba flikfisr; nra;ahkYk;>
njhz;Lfisr; nra;akYk; ,Ue;J tPzhd kuzj;ij Nehf;fpg;
Ngha;f;nfhz;bUf;fpNwd; vd;W jd; kdj;jpw;F mwpTiu $Wtjhf jpUr;rjfk;
mike;Js;sJ.
3. ‘fypq;fj;Jg; guzpapd; fil jpwg;G’ r; - rpwg;gpid tpsf;fp tiuf.
( APRIL/MAY 2015)
Kd;Diu:
fypq;fj;Jg;guzp vd;w E}y; guzp tifiar; rhu;e;j
rpw;wpyf;fpak; MFk;. ,e;E}y; ,uz;lhk; FNyhj;Jq;f Nrhodpd; fypq;fg;
Nghu; ntw;wp Fwpj;Jg; ghlg;gl;l E}y; MFk;. FNyhj;Jq;fidg; ghl;Lilj;
jiytdhff; nfhz;lJ. mde;jtd;kd; vd;Dk; tl fypq;f kd;dd; jpiw
nfhlhkypUe;j gpioapd; fhuzkhf Kjyhk; FNyhj;Jq;f Nrhodpd;
gilj;jiytDk; mikr;rDkhapdhapUe;j fUzhfuj; njhz;ilkhd; fp.gp. 1112
Mk; Mz;by; Nghupy; ntd;w nra;jpNa E}w;nghUs;. ,J nraq;nfhz;lhu;
vd;Dk; Gytuhy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ. ,tu; jPgq;Fbiar; Nru;e;j mUfu; Mthu;.
,e;E}ypd; fhg;Gr; nra;Ashy; ,tu; irt rkaj;ijr; rhu;e;jtu; vd
mwpayhk;.
filj;jpwg;G:
filj;jpwg;G vd;gJ NghUf;Fr; vd;W ntw;wp ngw;w tPuu;fs; ,y;yk;
jpUk;gf; fhyk; mjpfk; Mdjhy; Nfhgk; nfhz;L ngz;fs; tPl;bd; fjit
milj;JtpLtJ Nghd;Wk;> fjitr; jpwf;fr;nrhy;yp fztd;khu;fs; $WtJ
Nghd;Wk; ghlg;gLtJ MFk;.
epytpid Mil vd cLg;gPu;:
“fytpf; fspapd; kaf;fj;jhw;
ULT 20 – nghJj;jkpo;
UNIT 3 jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rp> Kf;$lw;gs;S> jdpg;ghly;fs;
100% Theory
ANSWERS
Syllabus: [Regulation 2012 – 13]
UNIT III: jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rp - jpup$luhrg;gf; ftpuhau;
Kf;$lw;gs;S - Mrpupau; ngau; njupatpy;iy
jdpg;ghly;fs; - gyu;
PART – A Questions
1. gs;spfs; ,Utupd; Cu;fs; ahit? (NOV/DEC2016)
Kf;$ly; - %j;j gs;spapd; Cu;
kUJ}u; - ,isa gs;spapd; Cu;
2. rPjf;fhjpapd; ngUikfisf; $Wf. (APRIL/MAY 2016) (NOV/DEC2016)
gpwUf;Ff; nfhLf;fhj <du;fs; ,Ue;jhy; vd;d ,y;yky; Nghdhy;
vd;d. vl;b kuk; fha;j;jhYk;> jioj;jhYk; xU gaDk; ,y;iy. mt;thW
gpwUf;Ff; nfhLj;J cjthky; ,Ug;NghUf;Ff; $l nghw;fhRfis ifg;gpb
msT vLj;J Xahky; nfhLf;fpd;wtd; nfhil ts;sy; rPjf;fhjpiaj; jtpu
NtW xUtUk; ,y;iy vd;fpwhy; gbf;fhRg; Gytu;.
3. FwtQ;rpiaf; fhzhj Fwtdpd; tUj;jj;ij vOJf. (APRIL/MAY 2016)
(APRIL/MAY 2014)
ngz; kapiyg; gpbg;gjw;F ehd; fz;zpia itj;Jtpl;L
khlg;Gwhitg; gpbg;gjw;Fr; nrd;Nwd;. khlg;GwhitAk;>
kapiyAk; gpbj;Njd;. Mdhy; Ntbf;iff;fhupahd vd; rpq;fpiaf;
fhzhky; jtpj;Njd;.
mofpa kapYf;F fz;zpia itj;Jtpl;L ehd; flw;gwitiag;
gpbf;fg; NghNdd;. fly; gwitiaAk;> moFs;s kapiyAk;
gpbj;Njd;. gpd; vd; md;gpw;F cupatshd rpq;fpiaf; fhzhky;
jtpj;Njd; vd;W Fwtd; tUe;jpdhd;.
Kf;$lw; gs;sp-ePAk;
rhuq;nfl;l kUnjd;Nwh
rhjpf;fth uha;.
kUJ}u;g;gs;sp! ke;jpuKk; je;jpuKk; cd;idg;Nghy; vdf;F tifahf
te;jhy; gs;sDk; cdf;F trkhdJNghy; vdf;F trkhfkhl;lhdh?
mbNgh! re;jpkhq;nfhl;il Kf;$lw;gs;sp vd;idAk; eP rhuq;nfl;l
kUJ}u;f;fhup vd;W rhjpf;f tUfpwhNah vd;whs;.
gs;spfSf;F ,ilNa eilngWk; rptd;> jpUkhy; Fwpj;j ciuahly;:
rhjpg;gJ cdf;FtUk;
kUJ}g;gs;sp-eupjhd;
gupaha;r;rh jpj;jhd;cq;fs;
rk;Gty; Nyhb
Ngjpf;fr;rh jpf;fthuha;
Kf;$lw;gs;sp-fy;iyg;
ngz;zhfr;rh jpj;jhDq;fs;
fz;z dy;Nyhb.
mt;thW rhjpg;gnjy;yhk; cdf;Fj;jhz;b tUk; kUJ}u;g;gs;sp.
eupiaf; Fjpiuaha;r; rhjpj;jtd; cq;fs; rptngUkhdy;yNdh?
jtW cz;lhFk;gb rhjpf;f tUfpd;whNa! mb Kf;$lw;gs;sp! fy;iyg;
ngz;zhfr; rhjpj;jtd; cq;fs; fz;zd; my;yNdh vd;whs;.
khzpf;fthrfdhUf;fhfr; rptngUkhd; kJiuapy; eupfisg;
gupfshf;fpaJk;> fhl;bw; fy;yha;f; fple;j mfypifia ,uhkd;
ngz;zhf;fpaJk; <q;Ff; Fwpg;gpl;Lg; Ngrg;gLfpd;wd.
khnjhUj;jpf; fhirg;gl;Lg;
nghd;dpd; kakhk;-gdp
kiyNawpg; NghdhDq;fs;
kj;j dy;Nyhb
fhjypj;Jj; jk;gpAld;
rPij nghUl;lhy;-md;W
flNywpg; NghdhDq;fs;
fz;z dy;Nyhb.
ngz;nzhUj;jpf;F Mirg;gl;Lg; nghd;tz;zkhd gdpkiyNky;
Vwpg;Nghdtd; cq;fs; Ckj;jk; G+khiyazpe;j rptngUkhdy;yNdh?
Vb!fhjy;nfhz;L Kd;G jk;gpAld; rPijf;fhff; flNywpg; Nghdtd; cq;f s;
fz;zd;.
jhd;gRg;Nghy; epd;Wfd;iwj;
Nju;f;fhypy; tpl;Nl-Nrhod;
jd;kfidf; nfhd;whDq;fs;
jhZ ty;Nyhb
thd;gopf;F sha;j;jtrp
Nghy kiwe;Nj-epd;W
thypiaf; nfhd;whDq;fs;
kha dy;Nyhb.
jhd; gRg;Nghy; epd;W nfhz;L fd;iwj; Nju;f;fhypy; tpOk;gb tpl;L
kDr;Nrhod; ike;jdhfpa tPjptplq;fidf; nfhd;wtd; cq;fs; rptngUkh
dy;yNdh.ngupa gopf;F cs;shfpj; jtKilahd; Nghd;W jtf;NfhyKe;
jhq;fp epd;W md;W kiwe;J epd;W thypiaf; nfhd;wtd; cq;f s;
khady;yNdh vd;whs;.
typa tof;Fg;Ngrpr;
Re;jud; thahy;-md;W
itaf;Nfl;L epd;whDq;fs;
Ia dy;Nyhb
GypNghy; vOe;JrpR
ghyd;itaNt-Vio
Nghyepd;whd; cq;fs;neL
ePy dy;Nyhb.
Re;ju%u;j;jp ehadhu; jpUkzj;jpd;NghJ mtu; ghl;ldhu; vOjpf;
nfhLf;fhj Xiyia vOjpf;nfhLj;jjhff;$wp> eP vd; mbikjhd; vd;W
tof;fpid typag; Ngrpr; Re;juu; gpj;jd; vd;W itaTk; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;L
epd;wtd; cq;fs; Iadhfpa rptngUkhdy;yNdh. rpRghyd; GypNghy;
vOe;J epd;W itaTk; mit eLtpy; VioNghy epd;wtd; cq;fs;
ePyneLkhy;.
Rw;wpf;fl;l ehYKoe;
Jz;L kpy;yhky;-Gypj;
NjhiycLj;jh Dq;fs;
Nrhjp ay;Nyhb
fw;iwr;ril fl;bku
TupAQ; Nriyjhd;-gz;L
fl;bf;nfhz;lhd; cq;fs;rq;Ff;
ifa dy;Nyhb.
Rw;wpf; fl;Ltjw;F ehd;F Koj;Jz;Lk; fpilahky; Gypj;Njhiy
ALj;jtd; cq;fs; xsptbthd rptngUkhdy;yNdh? fw;iwr; rilAq;
fl;br; Milahf kuTupiaAk; Kd; fl;bf;nfhz;ltDq;fs; rq;Ff;
ifadhfpa jpUkhy; vd;whs;.
ehl;Lf;Fs; ,ue;Jk;grpf;
fhw;wkhl;lhky;-thup
eQ;irnay;yhk; cz;lhDq;fs;
ehjdy; Nyhb
khl;Lg;gpw Nfjpupe;JQ;
Nrhw;Wf;fpy;yhky;-ntWk;
kz;izAz;lhd; cq;fs;Kfpy;
tz;zdy; Nyhb.
CUf;Fs;Ns ,ue;J jpupe;Jk; grp nghWf;fkhl;lhky; flypy;
Njhd;wpa eQ;ir nay;yhk; thup cz;ltd; cq;fs; jiytdhfpa
rptngUkhdy;yNdh. khL Nka;j;Jf;nfhz;L khl;bd; gpd;Nd miye;Jk;
Nrhw;Wf;F ,y;yhky; ntWk; kz;iz thupAz;ltd; cq;fs; nfhz;ly;
tz;zdy;yNdh.
VwnthU thfdKk;
,y;yhikapdhy;-khl;by;
VwpNa jpupe;jhDq;fs;
<rdy; Nyhb
tPWnrhd;d njd;dkhL
jhDkpy;yhky;-gl;rp
kPjpNywpf; nfhz;lhDq;fs;
fPjdy; Nyhb.
VWjw;F Xu; Cu;jpAkpy;yhikapdhNy khl;bd; Nky; VwpNa jpupe;jtd;
cq;fs; <rdy;yNdh.cq;fs; ,iwtDf;F eP tPwhff; $wpaJ ahJ? mtd;
khLk; ,y;yhky; gwit Nky; Vwpf;nfhz;lhNd? mtd; cq;fs;
Gy;yhq;Foypirf; fz;zd;.
ngUkhs; mbahDf;Fg;
ngz;bUe;JNk-vq;fs;
ngUkhis eP gopj;Jg;
Ngryh Nkhb
jpUkhy; mbiknad;wha;
rhyg;grpj;jhy;-MUe;
jpd;dhjJz; Nlhrpdj;jhy;
nrhy;yhj Jz;Nlh?
ngUkhs; mbahDf;F eP kidtpahf ,Ue;Jk; vq;fs; ngUkhis eP
gopf;fyhNkh. jpUkhy; mbik vd;wha;! ey;yJ! vtuhdhYk; kpfTk;
grpj;jhy; jpd;dhj czT cz;Nlh? ,y;iyay;yth? mJNghd;W rpdj;jhy;
nrhy;yhj nrhw;fSk; cz;Nlh vd;whs;.
KbTiu:
NkYk; Kf;$lw;gs;Stpy; 120 tifahd kPd;fs; gw;wp
Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. neL%f;fd;> Kj;Jr;rk;gh> Fjpiu thyp Nghd;w
150 tifahd ney; tiffs; Fwpj;Jk; tpsf;Ftjhy; cotu; tho;tpaiy
mofhf glk;gpbj;Jf; fhl;LfpwJ Kf;$lw;gs;S.
4. Ek; ghlg;gFjpapd; jdpg;ghly;fshy; mwpayhFk; fUj;Jf;fis
vLj;Jiuf;f. (APRIL/MAY 2015)
Kd;Diu:
Gytu;fspd; jdpj;jpwikia ntspg;gLj;jNt jdpg;ghly;fs; Njhw;wk;
ngw;wd. ekf;Fg; ghlg;gFjpahf Ie;J Gytu;fspd; jdpg;ghly;fs;
,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. mg;ghly;fs; %yk; mwpayhFk; fUj;Jf;fis ,dpf;
fhz;Nghk;.
jdpg;ghly;fs;:
jdpj; jdpg; Gytf;fshy; mt;tg;NghJ njhlu;gpy;yhj> ntt;NtW
ghL nghUs;fisf; nfhz;L ,aw;wg;gl;l ghly;fs; jdpg;ghly;fs;
vdg;gLk;.
Myq;Fb <rd;: (fhsNkfk;)
rpNyil ghLtjpy; ty;ytuhd fhsNkfg; Gytu; Myq;Fb <rd; vDk;
jiyg;gpy; ,UnghUs; gl ghliyg; ghbAs;shu;.
“Myq;Fbahid Myhy Kz;lhid
Myq;Fbahndd; whu; nrhd;dhu;? Myq;
FbahNd ahapy; Ftyaj;Njhnuy;yhk;
kbahNuh kz;kPjpNy?”
Mykuj;jpd; fPo; Fbnfhz;l <rd;:
Mykuj;jpd; fPo; Fb nfhz;L tpsq;Fgtd; rptngUkhd;. eQ;rpid
cz;ltd;. Mykuj;jpd; fPo; kl;Lk; tPw;wpUg;gtd; vd;W ahu; nrhd;dhu;.
Mykuj;jpd; fPo; FU tbthf epd;W mtd; mUs; nra;atpy;iy vd;why;
cyfj;jpy; cs;s midtUk; ,k;kz;zpy; kbe;jpUg;gu;.
Myk; vd;w tp~j;ij gUfpa <rd;:
eQ;rpid thq;fpg; gUfpatd; ePyfz;ld; vd;Dk; ngaUila
rptngUkhd;. mtd; eQ;rpidg; gUftpy;iy vd;W ahu; $wpdhu;.
ghw;fliyf; file;jNghJ cz;lhfpa eQ;rpid mtd; gUftpy;iy vd;why;
cyfj;jpy; cs;s capupdq;fs; vy;yhk; kz;zpNy kbe;jpUf;Fk; vd;fpwhy;
fhsNkfk;.
ULT 20 – nghJj;jkpo;
UNIT 4 Kj;njhs;shapuk;> jpUf;fhtY}u;f; fyk;gfk;>
/nfhsJ K`pa;apj;jPd; gps;isj;jkpo;
100% Theory
ANSWERS
Syllabus: [Regulation 2012 – 13]
UNIT IV: Kj;njhs;shapuk; - Mrpupau; ngau; njupatpy;iy
jpUf;fhtY}u;f; fyk;gfk; - tPukhKdptu;
/nfhsJ K`pa;apj;jPd; gps;isj;jkpo; - K. K`k;kJ jh`h
PART – A ANSWERS
1. Nrud; tpLj;j J}Jr; nra;jp ahJ? (APRIL/MAY 2016) (NOV/DEC 2016)
fLg;gdpj; jpq;fs;jd;
if Nghu;itahf
neLq;fil epd;wJ
nfhy; Njhop …….
kpFe;j Fspu;tPRk; khu;fop khjj;jpy; ntspNa tPRk; fLq;FspiuAk;
nghUl;gLj;jhkhy;> ,U iffisAk; Nghu;itahfg; Nghu;j;jpf;nfhz;lJ
Nghy; vd; kdJ ,iytbthd NtiyAk;> nghd;dhuKk;> G+khiyAk;
nfhz;l Nru kd;didf; fhz ntspNa nry;fpwJ.
2. ‘jio’ – Jiw tpsf;fk; jUf. (APRIL/MAY 2016) (NOV/DEC 2016) (APRIL/MAY
2014)
PART C ANSWERS
1. tPukhKdptupd; mk;khidr; rpwg;gpid vLj;J vOJf.
(my;yJ)
jpUf;fhtY}u;f; fyk;gfk; fhl;Lk; mk;khidg; gFjpf; fUj;Jf;fis
vLj;Jiuf;f. (APRIL/MAY 2013) (NOV/DEC 2015) (NOV/DEC 2016)
jpUf;fhtY}u;f; fyk;gfj;ij ,aw;wpatu; tPukhKdptu;.nfhs;splj;jpd;
tlfiuapy; xUNfhapy; vOg;gp mjpy; milf;fy md;idia epWtp
topgl;lhu;. ,j;jpUj;jyj;jpw;F jpUf;fhtY}u; vd;gJ ngau;. tPukhKdptupd;
,aw;ngau; fhd;];lhd;ba]; N[hrg; ng];fp. ,tu; ,j;jhyp ehl;bypUe;J
jkpo;ehl;bw;F te;J rkag;gzp nra;jtu;. ,tu; njhd;D}y; tpsf;fk;>
rJufuhjp> jkpo; - ,yj;jPd; mfuhjp> gukhu;j;jFU fij> Njk;ghtdp
Nghd;w gy E}y;fis ,aw;wptu;. ,tu; jpUf;fhtY}u;f; fyk;gfj;jpd; top
$Wk; mk;khidr; rpwg;gpidf; ,dpf; fhz;Nghk;.
mk;khid tpsf;fk;:
%d;W ngz;fs; $bg; ghl;Lilj; jiytDila my;yJ
jiytpAila jd;ikfisg; gw;wp eak;glg; Ngrpf;nfhz;Nl MLtJ
mk;khid. mk;khid vd;gJ mk;khdq;fha; vd;Wk; toq;fg;gLfpwJ.
“rPu;jUf; fhtyD}u;j; Njtzq;F jhl;fky
ePu;j;jpUj; jpq;fd;Nk epd;whdq;fh zk;khid
ePu;j;jjpUj; jpq;fd;Nk epd;wdntd;wh kfpy;
Mu;j;j jpUtz;Lg;g Mq;fyuh tk;khid?
Nghu;j;jjpUr; Nrhjpapd;gg; NghjyUkk;khid”
Nkd;ik nghUe;jpa nry;tj;jpid cila jpUf;fhtY}upy;
,iwj;jd;ik tha;ej
; milf;fy md;idapd; jpUtbj; jhkiufs; Fspu;e;j
mofhd epytpd;Nky; nghUe;jpAs;s tpag;gpidg; ghub! vd;W xUj;jp
nrhd;dhs;. mLj;jts;> “Fspu;r;rpahd mofpa epytpd;Nky; nghUe;jpAs;sJ
vd;gJ cz;ikahdhy;> xypf;fpd;w mofpa tz;Lfs; kfpOkhW epiy
flypDs; gha;eJ
; > nraypoe;j kuf;fyk;Nghy Nru Nte;jdJ ntk;ikahd
rpdk; nfhz;l Mz; ahid Njhd;Wk;.
Nrhodpd; rpwg;Gfs;
cwe;ij tsk;:
“khiy tpiy gfu;thf fps;spf; fise;jG+r;
rhy kUtpaNjhu; jd;ikj;jhy; fhiyNa
tpy;gapy; thdfk; NghYNk nty;tstd;
nghw;ghw; cwe;ij mfk;”
giftiu nty;Yk; NrhodJ moFepiwe;j ciwA+upy;
G+khiyfis tpiynrhy;yp tpw;gtu;fs; khiy njhLf;Fk;NghJ fps;sp
ePf;fpa gytz;z kyu;fs; kpFjpahfj; njUtplq;fspy; nghUe;jpf; fplf;Fk;
jd;ikahy; fhiy Neuj;jpy; thdtpy; Njhd;wpaijg; Nghy; ,Ue;jJ.
cQ;ir Kjy; <ok; tiu:
“fr;rp xUfhy; kpjpah xUfhyhy;
jj;JePu;j; jz;ZQ;ir jhd;kpjpaha; gpw;iwAk;
<ok; xUfhy; kpjpah tUNkeq;
Nfhopau;Nfhf; fps;sp fspW”
ek;Kila Nrhog; guk;giuiar; rhu;ej
; fps;spapDila Mz;ahid
fhQ;rp khefiu xU fhyhy; kpjpf;Fk;. xU fhypdhy; ghAk; ePiuf;nfhz;l
Fspu;e;j cr;rapdp vd;Dk; efuj;ij kpjpf;Fk;. gpwFk; <oehl;il xU
fhy;nfhz;L kpjpj;Jtpl;L ntw;wpAld; tUk;.
ghz;baupd; rpwg;Gfs;:
ghz;ba ehL:
“ghu;gLg nrk;nghd; gjpgLg Kj;jkpo;E}y;
ePu;gLg ntz;rq;Fk; epj;jpyKk; rhuy;
kiygLg ahid takhwd; $u;Nty;
jiygLg jhu;Nte;ju; khu;G”
ULT 20 – nghJj;jkpo;
UNIT 5 ,yf;fpa tuyhW (gf;jp ,yf;fpak;> rpw;wpyf;fpak;)
nghJf;fl;Liu vOJJy;> Neu;fhzy;
100% Theory
Question Bank
PART – A ANSWERS
PART B ANSWERS
1. jpUkq;ifaho;thu; - Fwpg;G tiuf? (APRIL/MAY 2016) (APRIL/MAY 2013,2015)
Nrho ehl;by; jpUf;FiwaY}upy; fs;su; Fyj;jpNy Njhd;wpatu;. ePy d;
vd;Dk; gilj;jiytdpd; kfd;. jpUkq;if gFjpapd; FWepy kd;ddhf
tpsq;fpajhy; jpUkq;if kd;dd; vdg; ngau; ngw;whu;. FKjty;yp vd;Dk;
itzt gf;jia kze;J nfhz;lhu;. mts; tpUk;gpagbNa itzt
mbahu;fSf;F jpdKk; czT gilf;f xg;Gf;nfhz;lhu;. ,jw;F jk;Kila
nry;tk; KOtijAk; nrytopj;jhu;. gpd; nghUs; ,y;yhjjhy;
fsTj;njhopiy Nkw;nfhz;lhu;. gpwF ,iwtd; mUshy; jpUe;jpdhu;.
jpUkq;ifaho;thu; vOjpa E}y;fs;:
1. jpUf;FWe;jhz;lfk;
2. jpUneLe;jhz;lfk;
3. rpwpa jpUkly;
4. ngupa jpUkly;
jpUkq;ifaho;thupd; NtW ngau;fs;:
fypehld;
kq;ifau;Nfhd;
Fiwayhsp
mUs;khup
gufhyd;
fypfd;wp
2. jpUthrfk; gw;wp tpsf;fp vOJf. (NOV/DEC 2016)
Mrpupau; khzpf;fthrfu;
,iwtd; kdpjDf;Fr; nrhd;dJ vd;gJ kuG.
rptGuhzk; njhlq;fp mr;Nrhg;gj;J <whf 51 gpupTfspy; 656
ghly;fisf; nfhz;lJ.
4 mfty;fs; 652 tpUj;jq;fs;.
jpUthrfj;jpw;F cUfhu; xUthrfj;jpw;Fk; cUfhu; - gonkhop
irtNtjk; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
rhj;jpuj;jpw;F jpUke;jpuk; Njhj;jpuj;jpw;F jpUthrfk;.
[p.A. Nghg; Mq;fpyj;jpy; nkhopngau;j;Js;shu;.
guzpapd; ,yf;fzk;
guzpapd; ,yf;fzk; gw;wpj; njhy;fhg;gpak; Fwpg;gpltpy;iy.
,Ue;jhYk; 'ahid kwk;' vd;w Jiwiar; Rl;b cs;sJ. ahidfspd;
ntw;wpiag; ghLtJ ,e;jj; Jiw. rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fspy; guzp ,yf;fpaf;
$Wfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. Nghu;f;fsj;J tPu epfo;r;rpfs; - Nga;fspd;
epfo;r;rpfs; - Kjypatw;iwr; Rl;lyhk;. guzp ,yf;fpaj;jpw;fhd ,yf;fzk;
ghl;bay; E}y;fspy;jhd; tpupthff; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,yf;fz tpsf;fk;
Mid Mapuk; mkupil ntd;w
khdtDf;F tFg;gJ guzp
9. Neu;fhzypd; gad;fs; ahit?
PART C Questions
1. Gtp ntg;gkakhjy; Fwpj;Jk; mijj; jzpf;Fk; fhuzpfs; gw;wpAk; xU
nghJf;fl;Liu tiuf.(APRIL/MAY 2013)
Kd;Diu
cyf jl;gntg;g epiyfspy; kdpjd; mirf;f Kbahj njspthd
jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jfpwhd; vd;gJ ntg;gepiy Muha;r;rpahsu;fspd; fUj;J .
jw;NghJ mjpfupj;Jf; nfhz;Ls;s ntg;gepiyf;F njupe;Njh njupahkNyh
kdpjDk; kdpjr; nray;fSk; fhuzkhfptpl;ld vd;gNj cWjpahd
cz;ik.
Gtp ntg;gkiljy;
,j;jl;gntg;gepiy khw;wq;fspdhy; gytif tpyq;FfSk; nrbfSk;
kiwe;J nfhz;L tUfpd;wd. Gtpntg;gkiljNy ,k;khw;wq;fSf;F
MzpNtuhff; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ. cyf jl;gntg;g khw;wq;fSf;F fhuzk;
gRq;$l (Green House) tpisNtahFk;. gRq;f$l tpisT vd;gJ
,aw;ifahf epfof;$ba xU epfo;T. ,t;tpistpdhy; G+kpapypUe;J
gpujpgypf;Fk; Gw Cjhf; fjpu;fSk; mfr; rptg;Gf; fjpu;fSk; tsp
kz;lyj;jpy; cs;s gRq;$l thAf;fshy; tpOq;fg;gl;L kPz;Lk; G+kpf;F
jpUk;gTk; mDg;gg;gLfpd;wd. ,jd; fhuzkhf G+kp mjpf ntg;gkilfpwJ.
Kd;gpUe;j njhopw;rhiy fopTePu;fspy; ,Ue;J jw;fhy njhopw;rhiy
fopTfspd; jd;ikfs; Ntwhf khwpAs;sd. ,jdhy; xl;Lnkhj;j `hNyh
fhu;gd; vd;gtw;wpd; msT mjpfupj;Js;sJ. ,jd; tpisthf Gtp
ntg;gkiljy; xU rJu kPl;lUf;F 2.450 nrd;bfpNuL ntg;gk; vd;w
tpfpjj;jpy; mjpfupj;Jf; nfhz;NlAs;sJ. fupakpythA> kPj;Njd;> FNshuh
GNshNuh fhu;gd;> g;upahd;> `hy[d;];> VNuhrhy; gpug;gnyl;]; Nghd;W
gytifahd Fspu; rhjdg; ngl;bfspypUe;J ntsptUfpd;w thAf;fNs
,e;j gRq;$l tpisTf;F fhuzkhfpd;wd. mwptpay; mwpQu;fspd;
fUj;Jg;gb Gtp 2.50 ghud; `Pl; tiu ntg;gkhfpf; nfhz;NlAs;sJ.
Gtp ntg;gkiljypd; tpsTfs;
fly; ntg;gkile;J fly; ePu;kl;lk; caUk;;.
gdpkiyfs; cUfp NkYk; fly; kl;lk; caUk;. ,jdhy; 21
Mk; E}w;whz;bw;Fs; fly; kl;lk; 9 nr.kP.,ypUe;J 88 nrd;b
kPl;lUf;F caUk; vd;gJ Ma;thsu;fs; fUj;J.
gUtfhyq;fs; khwyhk;.
ntg;gk; mjpfupg;gjhy; ePuhtp mjpfupj;J kio mjpfupf;fyhk;.
,jdhy; cyfpd; gy;NtW gFjpfspy; nts;sk; tuyhk;.
KbTiu
mt;thW mtd; vd; cs;sj;jpy; ,Ug;gjhy; R+upad;> re;jpud;>
nrt;tha;> Gjd;> tpahod;> nts;sp> rdp Mfpa ehs;fSk; uhF-NfJ
vd;gd Nghd;w Nfhs;fSk; xU jPikAk; nra;ahJ. mitnay;yhk;
ey;yitfNs. mbatu;fSf;F kpf ey;yitNa vd;W mr;rkpd;ikiaAk;>
Cf;fKk; gpwf;FkhW xU gjpfk; ghbAs;shu;. ,e;jg; ghliyg;gbf;Fk;
NghJ> 'ehs; vd; nra;Ak;> Nfhs; jhd; vd; nra;Ak;” vd;w ek;gpf;if ek;
kdjpYk; gpwf;fpd;wJ. kdij Ms;gtu;fshy; jhd; cyifAk; MsKbAk;.
,ijj;jhd; gf;jp ,yf;fpaq;fs; ghly;fsha;r; nrhy;Yfpd;wd.