APFT CPL-RNav5-NDB/ADF PagePage 1 of 5

NDB/ADF

1) ADF bearings by an aeroplane by day within the published protection range should be
accurate to within a maximum mum error of:
a. A) ±10° B) ±2.5° C) ±2° D) ±5°

2) When considering the use of NDB, night effect has its greatest effect during:
a. A) autumn and winter. B) when using inland beacons.
b. C.) when using a horizontally polarised signal. D) at dawn and dusk.

3) The frequency band chosen for NDB is:

a. A) upper MF and lower LF B) VLF.
b. C) upper LF and lower MF. D) LF.

4) When identifying an NDB (NONA 1A) it is necessary to:

a. A) turn the BFO on. B) turn the BFO off.
b. C) turn the ANT on. D) turn the ANT off.

5) An ADF is correctly tuned to an NDB, the needle is "hunting" and the signal is fading and
growing louder alternately, the reason for this is:
A) the required sky wave is being interfered with by the ground wave from
another NDB.
B) the required ground wave is being contaminated by sky waves.
C) scalloping.
D) the aircraft is flying outside the designated operational coverage.

6) The basic information given by the ADF is:

A) the relative bearing from the aircraft to the NDB.
B) the magnetic bearing from the aircraft to the NDB.
C) the true great circle track from the NDB to the aircraft.
D) the magnetic direction of the.loop aerial with reference to the sense aerial.

7) Using an ADF loop aerial the maximum signal will be received when:
A) the loop is in line with the NDB aerial. B) the loop is at 90' to the NDB aerial.
C) within the promulgated range. D) during daytime only.

8) What actually happens in the ADF receiver when the BFO position is selected?
A) The BFO circuit is activated, and the receiver accepts only A1A modulated signals.
B) The BFO circuit oscillates at an increased freq in order to allow identification of A2A
NDBs.
C) The BFO circuit is de-activated.
D) The BFO circuit imposes a tone onto the carrier wave to make the NDB's ident audible.

9) An aircraft over the sea is receiving a signal from an NDB 50 NM from the coast and another
from an NDB 20 NM from the coast Which of the following statements is most correct?
A) The bearing information from relative bearings of 90' and 270' would be most correct.
B) The bearing information from relative bearings of 360' and 180' would be most
correct.
C) The bearing information from the beacon 20 NM inland would be most correct. -
D) The bearing information from the beacon 50 NM inland would be most correct.
APFT CPL-RNav5-NDB/ADF PagePage 2 of 5

10) Which of the following may cause inaccuracies in ADF bearings?

A) Static interference, height effect, lack of failure warning.
B) Station interference, mountain effect, selective availability.
C) Coastal refraction, slant range, night effect.
D) Lack of failure warning, station interference, static interference.

11) Quadrantal errors associated with aircraft Automatic Direction Finding (ADF) equipment are
caused by.
A) misalignment of the loop aerial.
B) signal bending caused by electrical interference from aircraft wiring.
C) signal bending by the aircraft metallic surfaces.
D) skywave/groundwave contamination.

12) In order to obtain an ADF bearing on a system using sense and loop aerials, the:
A) mode selector should be switched to "loop".
B) sense aerial must be tuned separately.
C) signal must be received by both the sense and loop aerials.
D) BFO switch must be selected to "ON".

13) Given: Actual QDM: 210°; Actual HDG: 060°; Required QDM: 260°
What should be the first turn to intercept the required QDM?
A) Left HDG 170°. B) Right HDG 215°.
C) Right HDG 170°. D) Right HDG 260°.

14) An aircraft is HOMING to a radio beacon whilst maintaining a relative bearing of zero. If the
magnetic heading decreases, the aircraft is experiencing:
A) left drift. B) right drift.
C) a wind from the west. D) zero drift.

15) If an NDB has a published range of 30 NM, its accuracy is:

A) guaranteed to that range. B) only guaranteed at night to that range.
C) only guaranteed by day to that range. D) is not protected in any way.

16) Which of the following are all errors associated with ADF:
A) selective availability, coastal refraction, night effect.
B) night effect, quadrantal error, lane slip.
C) mountain effect, station interference, static interference.
D) selective availability, coastal refraction, quadrantal error.

17) An RMI indicates aircraft heading and bearing. To convert the RMI bearings of NDBs and
VORs to true bearings the correct combination for the application of magnetic variation is:
A) NDB: aircraft position; VOR: aircraft position.
B) NDB: beacon position; VOR: beacon position.
C) NDB: beacon position; VOR: aircraft position.
D) NDB: aircraft position; VOR: beacon position.

18) An aeroplane is flying parallel to a coast. Which of the following NDBs will give the greatest
coastal re-fraction LOP error?
A) NDB sited on the coast-RBI 330°. B) NDB sited 30 NM inland-RBI 330°.
C) NDB sited on the coast-RBI 300'. D) NDB sited 30 NM inland-RBI 300'.
APFT CPL-RNav5-NDB/ADF PagePage 3 of 5

19) On which of the following displays are you able to get a direct read-out (no calculation is
necessary from the pilot) of the magnetic bearing from the aircraft to the NDB?
A) Fixed card ADF and RMI. B) Moving card ADF and RMI.
C) Moving and fixed card ADF. D) Fixed card ADF only.

20) With regard to the following types of NDB which statements is correct?
A) Locators have 200 W power, 50 NM range and are NON A2A.
B) Locators have 15 W power, 10-25 NM range and are NON A2A.
C) Locators have 5000 W power, 50 NM range and are NON A2A.
D) Locators have 5000 W power, 50 NM range and are NON A1A.

21) Which one of the following disturbances is most likely to cause the greatest inaccuracy in
ADF bearings?
A) Coastal effect. B) Local thunderstorm activity.
C) Quadrantal error. D) Precipitation interference.

22) NDBs operate in the:

A) VLF and LF bands. B) LF and MF bands.
C) VLF, LF and MF bands. D) VLF and MF bands.

23) If an NDB signal is received at a range of 1.000 NM:

A) the signal is a surface wave and is quite usable.
B) it will be a ground wave and will be inaccurate.
C) it is a space wave and will be inaccurate.
D) it is a sky wave and is inaccurate.

24) Homing on an NDB:

A) will call for an assessment of the drift.
B) is most effective in strong winds.
C) will in most situations result in frequent heading changes when approaching the NDB.
D) will result in passing the NDB along the planned track.

25) Night Effect which causes loss of signal and fading, resulting in bearing errors from NDB
transmissions, is due to:
A) skywave distortion of the null position and is maximum at dawn and dusk.
B) interference from other transmissions and is maximum at dusk when east of
the NDB.
C) static activity increasing at night particularly in the lower frequency band.
D) the effect of the Aurora Borealis.

26) An NDB signal crossing from land to sea will _____ speed and bend ______ the normal.
A) decrease; towards B) increase; towards
C) decrease; away from D) increase; away from

27) When ADF equipment which incorporates a sense aerial and a loop aerial is tuned to a NDB
and the loop aerial is rotated so that a sharp null is found the aerial is:
A) either at right angles or in line with the incoming signals.
B) in line with the incoming signals.
C) at right angles to the incoming signals.
D) aligned with the aircraft nose.
APFT CPL-RNav5-NDB/ADF PagePage 4 of 5

28) A failed RMI rose is locked on 090° and the ADF pointer indicates 225°. The relative
bearing to the station is:
a. A) 135°. B) impossible to read, due to failure RMI. C) 315°. D) 225°.

29) An ADF provides the aircraft with bearing information with respect to a ground station. To
do this, the ground station emits a signal pattern which is:
A) a beam rotating at 30 Hertz.
B) frequency modulated at 30 Hertz.
C) omnidirectional.
D) unidirectional.

30) With a transmission from an NDB aerial, the ____ component travels in the _____ plane and
the signal is ________ polarised.
A) magnetic; horizontal; vertically B) electrical; horizontal; vertically
C) electrical-, vertical; horizontally D) magnetic; vertical; horizontally

31) Snow will affect ADF by:

A) decreasing the range. B) decreasing the accuracy.
C) decreasing the range and accuracy. D) having no effect.

32) The D layer of the ionosphere affects the accuracy of NDB bearings:
A) by day and night. B) by day only.
C) by night only. D) never.

33) Which of the following is correct regarding the range of an NDB?

A) The range is limited to the line of sight.
B) Aircraft height is not limiting for the reception of signals from the NDB.
C) The range of an NDB will most likely increase at day time compared to
night time.
D) The transmitter power of the NDB station has no affect on the range.

34) The combination of the polar diagrams of the loop and the sense aerial results in:
A) a cardoid polar diagram, having only one null or minimum.
B) a figure-of-eight diagram in the vertical plane.
C) a pencil-beam polar diagram.
D) a polar diagram with many side-lobes.

35) A radio beacon has an operational range of 10 NM over land. By what factor should the
transmitter power be increased in order to achieve an operational range of 20 NM?
A) 8 B) 6 C) 4 D) 2

36) An aircraft is tracking 060° (T) in still air. The relative bearing of an NDB is 035° at 1300.
12 min later the relative bearing is 070°. If the G/S is 180 kts, what is the aircraft's distance
from the NDB at 1312:
A) 18 NM B) 36 NM C) 24 NM D) 30 NM

37) An RMI shows the bearing of an NDB as 020°. The heading of the aeroplane is 020° (M). In
order to intercept an outbound course of 330° (from the NDB) at an angle of 40°, the
aeroplanes heading should be altered to:
A) 010° B) 330° C) 300° D) 040°
APFT CPL-RNav5-NDB/ADF PagePage 5 of 5

38) The signal to noise ratio for an NDB is ____allowing a maximum error of ____on 95% of
occasions during _____ .
A) 3/1; ±5 degrees; daylight hours only B) 3/1; ±5 degrees; 24 hours
C) 5/1; ±3 degrees; 24 hours D) 5/1; ±3 degrees; daylight hours only

39) You are on a magnetic heading of 055° and your ADF indicates a relative bearing of 325°.
The QDM is:
A) 235° B) 200° C) 055° D) 020°

40) If an NDB with a transmitter power of 25 kW which has a range of 50 NM is adjusted to give
a power output of 100 kW the new range of the NDB will be approximate-/Y:
A) 100 NM B) 200 NM C) 300 NM D) 400 NM

41) What is the approved frequency band assigned to aeronautical NDBs?

A) 190 - 1750 Hz. B) 190 - 1750 kHz. C) 190 - 1750 MHz. D) 190 - 1750 GHz.

42) The nominal maximum range of an NDB with a transmitter power is 200 watts is:
A) 50 to 60 NM. B) 100 to 120 NM. C) 150 to 170 NM. D) 200 to 220 NM.

43) When using ADF ____ (i), the accuracy is _____ (ii) than ____ (iii), because the surface
wave is ____(iv).
A) (i) by day; (ii) greater; (iii) by night; (iv) not present
B) (i) by night; (ii) greater; (iii) by day; (iv) not present
C) (i) by night; (ii) less; (iii) by day; (iv) contaminated by skywaves
D) (i) by day; (ii) less; (iii) by night; (iv) contaminated by skywaves