Stakeholder Stakeholder

Requirements Requirements

Define Requirements Create Solution Concept Optimise Solution Concept Verify Solution Concept
Determine Determine
Requirements Requirements

Integration Create Solution Integration

Create Solution and Test
and Test Concept
Concept Requirements Requirements

Optimise Optimise
Solution Solution
Concept Concept

Verify Solution
Road Condition Verify Solution
Concept
Vehicle Load Concept
Temperature
Wear Over Time
Sub System
Vehicle Speed Sub System Requirements
Access to Market, Requirements

Analyse
Impose Restrictions Deterior-

Quality Function Deployment2

Requirements, Orders

Rolls-Royce Influence
Pressure Groups N Noise Unit to Unit Variation
ation
External Variation
Airframe Factors Viewpoint: Function S Severity of Occurrence Criticality Index Date............................... No: ....

Manufacturers
Test Bed,
Fuel Dev’t Noise Influence
Environment Customer Usage
O Probability of Occurrence CI = SOD
.

Demand Immediate Profit,

on Output Wear System: Washing Machine Author: .......................... Issue

Orders
Provide Funding
Factor Control Raw Mat'l Mfg Assy over Subsystem: ......................................
D Probability of Detection
Checked: ....................... ...........

Requirements
Orders Require

Factors Time Vehicle Vehicle Road

Systemic Textual
Shareholders Temp Water Contam.

Requirements-concept solution Verification

Gov’t et al

Operators & Funders M load speed condition FUNCTION

CHARACTERISTICS OF FAILURE INDEX

Supply
Braking Output Y Rotor
MODE EFFECTS CAUSE O S D CI COMMENTS
Demand Technology
Transfer Signal 4 9 9 4 88 LOAD DIRTY CLOTHES OVERLOAD POOR WASH USER ERROR 6 6 3 108

Fuel Suppliers Structured Textual Analysis System thickness UNDERLOAD POOR WASH USER ERROR 4 4 3 48
Influence
Project: Factor Stopping Dimen-

and determine sub -system requirements

EXTREME MIX OF POSSIBLE COLOUR EXTREMES NOT 8 8 3 96
(Mainly

Analysis
Pad area 9 9 4 1 126 LOAD RUN IDENTIFIED
Military) Demand
Supply Author: Distance sional FABRIC SHRINK EXTREMES NOT 4 8 3 96

Influence Friends Competitors

Requirements Force on Z Caliper
4 4 4 1 36
IDENTIFIED

Length DETERMINE LOAD MAKE INCORRECT LOAD POOR WASH ITEM OF CLOTHING 4 8 3 96

Users
As per RR
Context: Brake Pedal Control Material Surface
UP MAKE UP
INDENTIFIED
NOT INDENTIFIED

9 9 4 9 9 279
Operational Requirement: Factor Properties Finish POSSIBLE COLOUR

Capture expressed
RUN

81 133 16 72 65 81 81 0 0 0
Pad Material FABRIC SHRINK

Non functional System Requirements: Caliper Type

Rotor Thickness
Stakeholder Functional
Requirement
Non Functional
Performance
Requirement
Non Functional
Implementation
Requirement x
x Pad Area
Reliability Model
x

Gather Requirements and x

N2 Analysis Qualitative Robustness and Critical Parameter Analysis
Determine failure

Containment
Im

Number entry
analyse to deduce

Coin handling
Optional Lan

Card reader
po Design

Wipe clean
rta

DFMEA modes & mechanisms

nc Requirements

Requirements

Display
e to

missing requirements Customer sto

me
r
Cu
Assess degree of natural functional Based on an existing or “in current” development product, for
Requirements

Identify Stakeholders Easy to use 4 binding and coupling to identify each phase, identify the critical design parameters and noise Update QFD 2

Features
and Elicit requirements Multi-language 3
5
natural Architecture variables using P-diagrams, What Why Tables and DFMEA
Coin/card/credit
Durable 5 Update QFD 2 chart Fault Tree Analysis Determine design reliability

Operation
Reliable 4
Intelligent
Lawn mower

Cleans easily 2
with robust optimum
supply
machine
user
interaction
cutting
process maintenance Maintainable 5 design parameter

min ingress
validation

500k inserts
European

All standard
luminosity

1kN shock
settings

16 max
1M ops
Arabic

95%

3 min
internal
management navigation supply
power cutting Target values

determine
position
sense
obstacles
sense
lawn state cut grass
collect
grass
cuttings
drive and
manoeuvre
3
Sine wave response (0.1Hz)
3.5
Step input response
3
Ramp response (0.1Hz)
Supportability Assessment
Technical competitive
2 3 2
learning self assessment
monitor 2.5

Measured volts

Measured volts

Measured volts
1 1

Importance Weighting 39 82 58 139 126 50 18 0

2

1.5
0 Assess supportability through predicted
Viewpoint Analysis -1
1
-1

reliability and operational analysis

Architecture Modelling
-2 0.5 -2

Stakeholder Quality Function Deployment 1 Function Means

-3
0 2 4 6 8 10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10
-3
0 2 4 6 8 10

ES
Time (seconds) Time (seconds) Time (seconds)

Determine system

IC
R
_P
Determine and model system

NT
Requirements

ET

WEATHER
E
Correlate and cross check

BUDG

RR
Analysis Quantitative Robustness Analysis
SEEDS

CU
functionality (Y = f)
PURC
HASE
D_ FERT
ILIZE

requirements for completeness physical architecture PURCHASE

PURCH
R
SO
IL

Identify means of
ASED_S

and structure
1 EEDS PLANTS
FERTILIZER
CULTIVATE

Use models or physical designed experiments to characterise the

HEALTH_ITEMS
PURCHA

and consistency SED_HE 2 W

ALTH_IT AT
EMS ER

achieving functionality Criteria

Material M’fcture Time to Reliability Safety Load Overall
transfer function and thereby robustness of the product design. Develop Realization System
CO
M
PO
ST
PICK
VEGETABLE
VEGETABLES

OME
EED
cost cost produce carrying Satisfaction 3

WN_S
ED_H
Weighting 0.10 0.20 0.05 0.25 0.3 0.1 1.0 N
COMPOST EE TE
Schemes

Use DFMEA to determine and prioritise failure modes GR AS

STOR
6

_GRO
Built-up 90% 80% 80% 90% 80% 90% _W EXTRACT

Determine how the System

plates
SEED
welded
9 16 4 22.5 24 9 84.5 4
Built-up 90% 90% 90% 90% 80% 90% STORE
plates HOME_GROWN
riveted 9 18 4.5 22.5 24 9 86.5
DIAGRAM 0 _SEED HOME_GROWN
_SEED

Solution is going to be realized

5
ES
IC
PR
T_

Manage
ET

EN

WEATHER
BUDG

RR

SEEDS
CU

PURC 80% 50% 75% 80% 80% 80%

HASE

Requirements
D_ FERT Cast hook
ILIZE

Sensitivity & Failure Analysis

R IL 10 10 3.7 20 24 8 75.7
SO
PURCHASE
PURCHA
1 SED_SE
FERTILIZER EDS PLANTS
CULTIVATE
HEALTH_ITEMS

FUNCTION

FUNCTION
FUNCTION
Assess the functional sensitivity
PURCHA

FUNCTION
ELIZATION

ELIZATION

ELIZATION

FUNCTION
ELIZATION

FUNCTION
ELIZATION

ELIZATION

FUNCTION
2

ELIZATION
SED_HE W
ALTH_ITEM AT
Cleaning
Service
Disposable
Clothes
Nanobots
S
CO
M
PO
ER

PICK
Function Means Pugh/Decision Matrix
ST VEGETABLE
VEGETABLES
and potential functional failure CRITICAL DESIGN
W N_SE E
ED

123.456
Sub-System
OM

Clean 3
PARAMETER

Analysis
House
Clothes by Combined
ED_H

Integrated CRITICAL DESIGN

System
Washing
Machine
Dishwasher
COMPOST N
EE TE
GR AS modes to identify potential PARAMETER
STOR

6
_GRO

CRITICAL DESIGN
_W EXTRACT
Evaluate whole concepts PARAMETER
123.456
Requirements
Ultrasonic
Cleaning
Dry
Cleaning
Steam
Cleaning
STORE
SEED
4
emergent functionality and risk Determination of whole Quality
CRITICAL DESIGN
PARAMETER

DIAGRAM 0
HOME_GROWN
HOME_GROWN against CTQs for further CRITICAL DESIGN
PARAMETER
123.456

concept solutions
_SEED
_SEED CRITICAL DESIGN

Function
5
123.456

Needs Means Viewpoint: Function Output S Severity of Occurrence Criticality Index Date............................... No: ....
Generate down-selection
PARAMETER

Update QFD 2 Test

Deployment 3
Receiving .

Analysis Functional Modelling Input

Parameter & Tolerance

IJK LMN O Probability of Occurrence
PQR CI = SOD

acceptance
Function System: Washing Machine Author: .......................... Issue

ABC X
Subsystem: ......................................
D Probability of Detection

CHARACTERISTICS OF FAILURE
Checked: .......................

INDEX
...........

Specifications
criteria
FUNCTION
DEF X
Develop a functional model of IJK Y
LOAD DIRTY CLOTHES OVERLOAD
MODE

UNDERLOAD
EFFECTS

POOR WASH

POOR WASH
USER ERROR

USER ERROR
CAUSE O

4
6

4
S

3
D CI

108

48
COMMENTS

Design to find robust optimum Check that System Solution is Update QFD 2 chart
Assess potential the system Y= f(x) to identify
EXTREME MIX OF
LOAD
POSSIBLE COLOUR
RUN
EXTREMES NOT
IDENTIFIED
8 8 3 96

with robust optimum

realizable and determine critical
FABRIC SHRINK EXTREMES NOT 4 8 3 96

meta-solutions to DETERMINE LOAD MAKE INCORRECT LOAD POOR WASH

IDENTIFIED

ITEM OF CLOTHING 4 8 3 96 Use qualitative models to explore solution space

logical interfaces and design parameter
UP MAKE UP NOT INDENTIFIED
INDENTIFIED

POSSIBLE COLOUR
RUN
Acceptance to find robust optimum and thereby determine realization parameters
stakeholder needs Functional dependencies FABRIC SHRINK

Test Spec settings

design parameter settings and tolerances
© Burge Hughes Walsh 2009