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Chemistry - November 2015
Chemistry - November 2015
OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS)
Substitution
Electrophilic Reactions
Substitution Reactions Involve the direct replacement
Brought about by electrophiles such as of an atom or a group of atoms by
H+, Cl+, R, SO3, BF3, AlCl3, FeCl3, SnCl4. another atom or group of atoms
SE1 : Unimolecular, first order, very rare in aliphatic
without any change in the Nucleophilic
remaining part of the Substitution Reactions
compounds. molecule.
l Some important examples are replacement of the metal
Brought about by nucleophiles such as H–, BH4–,
atom in an organometallic compound by hydrogen, AlH4–, Cl–, OH–, OR–, H2O, RNH2, RSH, ROR, etc.
decarboxylation of silver salt of carboxylic acid by bromine SN1 : Unimolecular, first order, two steps reaction and
and isotopic exchange of hydrogen for deuterium or proceeds by carbocation mechanism.
tritium . l Favoured by mild and low concentration of nucleophiles and